libf/phylmd/newmicro.f90

module newmicro_m

  IMPLICIT none

contains

  SUBROUTINE newmicro (paprs, pplay,ok_newmicro, t, pqlwp, pclc, pcltau, &
       pclemi, pch, pcl, pcm, pct, pctlwp, xflwp, xfiwp, xflwc, xfiwc, &
       ok_aie, sulfate, sulfate_pi, bl95_b0, bl95_b1, cldtaupi, re, fl)

    ! From LMDZ4/libf/phylmd/newmicro.F, version 1.2 2004/06/03 09:22:43

    use dimens_m
    use dimphy
    use SUPHEC_M
    use nuagecom
    !======================================================================
    ! Auteur(s): Z.X. Li (LMD/CNRS) date: 19930910
    ! Objet: Calculer epaisseur optique et emmissivite des nuages
    !======================================================================
    ! Arguments:
    ! t-------input-R-temperature
    ! pqlwp---input-R-eau liquide nuageuse dans l'atmosphere (kg/kg)
    ! pclc----input-R-couverture nuageuse pour le rayonnement (0 a 1)
    ! 
    ! ok_aie--input-L-apply aerosol indirect effect or not
    ! sulfate-input-R-sulfate aerosol mass concentration [um/m^3]
    ! sulfate_pi-input-R-dito, pre-industrial value
    ! bl95_b0-input-R-a parameter, may be varied for tests (s-sea, l-land)
    ! bl95_b1-input-R-a parameter, may be varied for tests (    -"-      )
    !      
    ! cldtaupi-output-R-pre-industrial value of cloud optical thickness, 
    !                   needed for the diagnostics of the aerosol indirect 
    !                   radiative forcing (see radlwsw)
    ! re------output-R-Cloud droplet effective radius multiplied by fl [um]
    ! fl------output-R-Denominator to re, introduced to avoid problems in
    !                  the averaging of the output. fl is the fraction of liquid
    !                  water clouds within a grid cell           
    ! pcltau--output-R-epaisseur optique des nuages
    ! pclemi--output-R-emissivite des nuages (0 a 1)
    !======================================================================
    !
    !
    REAL, intent(in):: paprs(klon,klev+1)
    real, intent(in):: pplay(klon,klev)
    REAL, intent(in):: t(klon,klev)
    !
    REAL pclc(klon,klev)
    REAL pqlwp(klon,klev)
    REAL pcltau(klon,klev), pclemi(klon,klev)
    !
    REAL pct(klon), pctlwp(klon), pch(klon), pcl(klon), pcm(klon)
    !
    LOGICAL lo
    !
    REAL cetahb, cetamb
    PARAMETER (cetahb = 0.45, cetamb = 0.80)
    !
    INTEGER i, k
    !IM: 091003   REAL zflwp, zradef, zfice, zmsac
    REAL zflwp(klon), zradef, zfice, zmsac
    !IM: 091003 rajout
    REAL xflwp(klon), xfiwp(klon)
    REAL xflwc(klon,klev), xfiwc(klon,klev)
    !
    REAL radius, rad_chaud
    !c      PARAMETER (rad_chau1=13.0, rad_chau2=9.0, rad_froid=35.0)
    !cc      PARAMETER (rad_chaud=15.0, rad_froid=35.0)
    ! sintex initial      PARAMETER (rad_chaud=10.0, rad_froid=30.0)
    REAL coef, coef_froi, coef_chau
    PARAMETER (coef_chau=0.13, coef_froi=0.09)
    REAL seuil_neb, t_glace
    PARAMETER (seuil_neb=0.001, t_glace=273.0-15.0)
    INTEGER nexpo ! exponentiel pour glace/eau
    PARAMETER (nexpo=6)
    !cc      PARAMETER (nexpo=1)

    ! -- sb:
    logical ok_newmicro
    !     parameter (ok_newmicro=.FALSE.)
    !IM: 091003   real rel, tc, rei, zfiwp
    real rel, tc, rei, zfiwp(klon)
    real k_liq, k_ice0, k_ice, DF
    parameter (k_liq=0.0903, k_ice0=0.005) ! units=m2/g
    parameter (DF=1.66) ! diffusivity factor
    ! sb --
    !jq for the aerosol indirect effect
    !jq introduced by Johannes Quaas (quaas@lmd.jussieu.fr), 27/11/2003
    !jq      
    LOGICAL ok_aie            ! Apply AIE or not?
    LOGICAL ok_a1lwpdep       ! a1 LWP dependent?

    REAL sulfate(klon, klev)  ! sulfate aerosol mass concentration [ug m-3]
    REAL cdnc(klon, klev)     ! cloud droplet number concentration [m-3]
    REAL re(klon, klev)       ! cloud droplet effective radius [um]
    REAL sulfate_pi(klon, klev)  ! sulfate aerosol mass concentration [ug m-3] (pre-industrial value)
    REAL cdnc_pi(klon, klev)     ! cloud droplet number concentration [m-3] (pi value)
    REAL re_pi(klon, klev)       ! cloud droplet effective radius [um] (pi value)

    REAL fl(klon, klev)       ! xliq * rneb (denominator to re; fraction of liquid water clouds within the grid cell)

    REAL bl95_b0, bl95_b1     ! Parameter in B&L 95-Formula

    REAL cldtaupi(klon, klev) ! pre-industrial cloud opt thickness for diag
    !jq-end    
    !
    ! Calculer l'epaisseur optique et l'emmissivite des nuages
    !
    !IM inversion des DO
    DO i = 1, klon
       xflwp(i)=0.
       xfiwp(i)=0.
       DO k = 1, klev
          !
          xflwc(i,k)=0.
          xfiwc(i,k)=0.
          !
          rad_chaud = rad_chau1
          IF (k.LE.3) rad_chaud = rad_chau2
          pclc(i,k) = MAX(pclc(i,k), seuil_neb)
          zflwp(i) = 1000.*pqlwp(i,k)/RG/pclc(i,k) &
               *(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))
          zfice = 1.0 - (t(i,k)-t_glace) / (273.13-t_glace)
          zfice = MIN(MAX(zfice,0.0),1.0)
          zfice = zfice**nexpo
          radius = rad_chaud * (1.-zfice) + rad_froid * zfice
          coef = coef_chau * (1.-zfice) + coef_froi * zfice
          pcltau(i,k) = 3.0/2.0 * zflwp(i) / radius
          pclemi(i,k) = 1.0 - EXP( - coef * zflwp(i))

          if (ok_newmicro) then

             ! -- liquid/ice cloud water paths:

             zfice = 1.0 - (t(i,k)-t_glace) / (273.13-t_glace)
             zfice = MIN(MAX(zfice,0.0),1.0)

             zflwp(i) = 1000.*(1.-zfice)*pqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k) &
                  *(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
             zfiwp(i) = 1000.*zfice*pqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k) &
                  *(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG

             xflwp(i) = xflwp(i)+ (1.-zfice)*pqlwp(i,k) &
                  *(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
             xfiwp(i) = xfiwp(i)+ zfice*pqlwp(i,k) &
                  *(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG

             !IM Total Liquid/Ice water content
             xflwc(i,k) = xflwc(i,k)+(1.-zfice)*pqlwp(i,k)
             xfiwc(i,k) = xfiwc(i,k)+zfice*pqlwp(i,k)
             !IM In-Cloud Liquid/Ice water content
             !        xflwc(i,k) = xflwc(i,k)+(1.-zfice)*pqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k)
             !        xfiwc(i,k) = xfiwc(i,k)+zfice*pqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k)

             ! -- effective cloud droplet radius (microns):

             ! for liquid water clouds: 
             IF (ok_aie) THEN
                ! Formula "D" of Boucher and Lohmann, Tellus, 1995
                !             
                cdnc(i,k) = 10.**(bl95_b0+bl95_b1* &
                     log(MAX(sulfate(i,k),1.e-4))/log(10.))*1.e6 !-m-3
                ! Cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) is restricted
                ! to be within [20, 1000 cm^3]
                ! 
                cdnc(i,k)=MIN(1000.e6,MAX(20.e6,cdnc(i,k)))
                !
                !
                cdnc_pi(i,k) = 10.**(bl95_b0+bl95_b1* &
                     log(MAX(sulfate_pi(i,k),1.e-4))/log(10.))*1.e6 !-m-3
                cdnc_pi(i,k)=MIN(1000.e6,MAX(20.e6,cdnc_pi(i,k)))
                !            
                !
                ! air density: pplay(i,k) / (RD * zT(i,k)) 
                ! factor 1.1: derive effective radius from volume-mean radius
                ! factor 1000 is the water density
                ! _chaud means that this is the CDR for liquid water clouds
                !
                rad_chaud =  &
                     1.1 * ( (pqlwp(i,k) * pplay(i,k) / (RD * T(i,k)) )   &
                     / (4./3. * RPI * 1000. * cdnc(i,k)) )**(1./3.)
                !
                ! Convert to um. CDR shall be at least 3 um.
                !
                !           rad_chaud = MAX(rad_chaud*1.e6, 3.) 
                rad_chaud = MAX(rad_chaud*1.e6, 5.) 

                ! Pre-industrial cloud opt thickness
                !
                ! "radius" is calculated as rad_chaud above (plus the 
                ! ice cloud contribution) but using cdnc_pi instead of
                ! cdnc.
                radius =  &
                     1.1 * ( (pqlwp(i,k) * pplay(i,k) / (RD * T(i,k)) )   &
                     / (4./3. * RPI * 1000. * cdnc_pi(i,k)) )**(1./3.)
                radius = MAX(radius*1.e6, 5.) 

                tc = t(i,k)-273.15
                rei = 0.71*tc + 61.29 
                if (tc.le.-81.4) rei = 3.5 
                if (zflwp(i).eq.0.) radius = 1. 
                if (zfiwp(i).eq.0. .or. rei.le.0.) rei = 1. 
                cldtaupi(i,k) = 3.0/2.0 * zflwp(i) / radius &
                     + zfiwp(i) * (3.448e-03  + 2.431/rei)
             ENDIF                  ! ok_aie
             ! For output diagnostics
             !
             ! Cloud droplet effective radius [um]
             !
             ! we multiply here with f * xl (fraction of liquid water
             ! clouds in the grid cell) to avoid problems in the
             ! averaging of the output.
             ! In the output of IOIPSL, derive the real cloud droplet 
             ! effective radius as re/fl
             !
             fl(i,k) = pclc(i,k)*(1.-zfice)            
             re(i,k) = rad_chaud*fl(i,k)

             !-jq end         

             rel = rad_chaud
             ! for ice clouds: as a function of the ambiant temperature
             ! [formula used by Iacobellis and Somerville (2000), with an 
             ! asymptotical value of 3.5 microns at T<-81.4 C added to be 
             ! consistent with observations of Heymsfield et al. 1986]:
             tc = t(i,k)-273.15
             rei = 0.71*tc + 61.29 
             if (tc.le.-81.4) rei = 3.5 

             ! -- cloud optical thickness :

             ! [for liquid clouds, traditional formula, 
             !  for ice clouds, Ebert & Curry (1992)] 

             if (zflwp(i).eq.0.) rel = 1. 
             if (zfiwp(i).eq.0. .or. rei.le.0.) rei = 1. 
             pcltau(i,k) = 3.0/2.0 * ( zflwp(i)/rel ) &
                  + zfiwp(i) * (3.448e-03  + 2.431/rei)

             ! -- cloud infrared emissivity:

             ! [the broadband infrared absorption coefficient is parameterized
             !  as a function of the effective cld droplet radius]

             ! Ebert and Curry (1992) formula as used by Kiehl & Zender (1995):
             k_ice = k_ice0 + 1.0/rei

             pclemi(i,k) = 1.0 &
                  - EXP( - coef_chau*zflwp(i) - DF*k_ice*zfiwp(i) )

          endif ! ok_newmicro

          lo = (pclc(i,k) .LE. seuil_neb)
          IF (lo) pclc(i,k) = 0.0
          IF (lo) pcltau(i,k) = 0.0
          IF (lo) pclemi(i,k) = 0.0

          IF (lo) cldtaupi(i,k) = 0.0
          IF (.NOT.ok_aie) cldtaupi(i,k)=pcltau(i,k)            
       ENDDO
    ENDDO
    !cc      DO k = 1, klev
    !cc      DO i = 1, klon
    !cc         t(i,k) = t(i,k)
    !cc         pclc(i,k) = MAX( 1.e-5 , pclc(i,k) )
    !cc         lo = pclc(i,k) .GT. (2.*1.e-5)
    !cc         zflwp = pqlwp(i,k)*1000.*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))
    !cc     .          /(rg*pclc(i,k))
    !cc         zradef = 10.0 + (1.-sigs(k))*45.0
    !cc         pcltau(i,k) = 1.5 * zflwp / zradef
    !cc         zfice=1.0-MIN(MAX((t(i,k)-263.)/(273.-263.),0.0),1.0)
    !cc         zmsac = 0.13*(1.0-zfice) + 0.08*zfice
    !cc         pclemi(i,k) = 1.-EXP(-zmsac*zflwp)
    !cc         if (.NOT.lo) pclc(i,k) = 0.0
    !cc         if (.NOT.lo) pcltau(i,k) = 0.0
    !cc         if (.NOT.lo) pclemi(i,k) = 0.0
    !cc      ENDDO
    !cc      ENDDO
    !ccccc      print*, 'pas de nuage dans le rayonnement'
    !ccccc      DO k = 1, klev
    !ccccc      DO i = 1, klon
    !ccccc         pclc(i,k) = 0.0
    !ccccc         pcltau(i,k) = 0.0
    !ccccc         pclemi(i,k) = 0.0
    !ccccc      ENDDO
    !ccccc      ENDDO
    !
    ! COMPUTE CLOUD LIQUID PATH AND TOTAL CLOUDINESS
    !
    DO i = 1, klon
       pct(i)=1.0
       pch(i)=1.0
       pcm(i) = 1.0
       pcl(i) = 1.0
       pctlwp(i) = 0.0
    ENDDO
    !
    DO k = klev, 1, -1
       DO i = 1, klon
          pctlwp(i) = pctlwp(i)  &
               + pqlwp(i,k)*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
          pct(i) = pct(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
          if (pplay(i,k).LE.cetahb*paprs(i,1)) &
               pch(i) = pch(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
          if (pplay(i,k).GT.cetahb*paprs(i,1) .AND. &
               pplay(i,k).LE.cetamb*paprs(i,1))  &
               pcm(i) = pcm(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
          if (pplay(i,k).GT.cetamb*paprs(i,1)) &
               pcl(i) = pcl(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
       ENDDO
    ENDDO
    !
    DO i = 1, klon
       pct(i)=1.-pct(i)
       pch(i)=1.-pch(i)
       pcm(i)=1.-pcm(i)
       pcl(i)=1.-pcl(i)
    ENDDO

  END SUBROUTINE newmicro

end module newmicro_m
1	module newmicro_m
2
3	IMPLICIT none
4
5	contains
6
7	SUBROUTINE newmicro (paprs, pplay,ok_newmicro, t, pqlwp, pclc, pcltau, &
8	pclemi, pch, pcl, pcm, pct, pctlwp, xflwp, xfiwp, xflwc, xfiwc, &
9	ok_aie, sulfate, sulfate_pi, bl95_b0, bl95_b1, cldtaupi, re, fl)
10
11	! From LMDZ4/libf/phylmd/newmicro.F, version 1.2 2004/06/03 09:22:43
12
13	use dimens_m
14	use dimphy
15	use SUPHEC_M
16	use nuagecom
17	!======================================================================
18	! Auteur(s): Z.X. Li (LMD/CNRS) date: 19930910
19	! Objet: Calculer epaisseur optique et emmissivite des nuages
20	!======================================================================
21	! Arguments:
22	! t-------input-R-temperature
23	! pqlwp---input-R-eau liquide nuageuse dans l'atmosphere (kg/kg)
24	! pclc----input-R-couverture nuageuse pour le rayonnement (0 a 1)
25	!
26	! ok_aie--input-L-apply aerosol indirect effect or not
27	! sulfate-input-R-sulfate aerosol mass concentration [um/m^3]
28	! sulfate_pi-input-R-dito, pre-industrial value
29	! bl95_b0-input-R-a parameter, may be varied for tests (s-sea, l-land)
30	! bl95_b1-input-R-a parameter, may be varied for tests ( -"- )
31	!
32	! cldtaupi-output-R-pre-industrial value of cloud optical thickness,
33	! needed for the diagnostics of the aerosol indirect
34	! radiative forcing (see radlwsw)
35	! re------output-R-Cloud droplet effective radius multiplied by fl [um]
36	! fl------output-R-Denominator to re, introduced to avoid problems in
37	! the averaging of the output. fl is the fraction of liquid
38	! water clouds within a grid cell
39	! pcltau--output-R-epaisseur optique des nuages
40	! pclemi--output-R-emissivite des nuages (0 a 1)
41	!======================================================================
42	!
43	!
44	REAL, intent(in):: paprs(klon,klev+1)
45	real, intent(in):: pplay(klon,klev)
46	REAL, intent(in):: t(klon,klev)
47	!
48	REAL pclc(klon,klev)
49	REAL pqlwp(klon,klev)
50	REAL pcltau(klon,klev), pclemi(klon,klev)
51	!
52	REAL pct(klon), pctlwp(klon), pch(klon), pcl(klon), pcm(klon)
53	!
54	LOGICAL lo
55	!
56	REAL cetahb, cetamb
57	PARAMETER (cetahb = 0.45, cetamb = 0.80)
58	!
59	INTEGER i, k
60	!IM: 091003 REAL zflwp, zradef, zfice, zmsac
61	REAL zflwp(klon), zradef, zfice, zmsac
62	!IM: 091003 rajout
63	REAL xflwp(klon), xfiwp(klon)
64	REAL xflwc(klon,klev), xfiwc(klon,klev)
65	!
66	REAL radius, rad_chaud
67	!c PARAMETER (rad_chau1=13.0, rad_chau2=9.0, rad_froid=35.0)
68	!cc PARAMETER (rad_chaud=15.0, rad_froid=35.0)
69	! sintex initial PARAMETER (rad_chaud=10.0, rad_froid=30.0)
70	REAL coef, coef_froi, coef_chau
71	PARAMETER (coef_chau=0.13, coef_froi=0.09)
72	REAL seuil_neb, t_glace
73	PARAMETER (seuil_neb=0.001, t_glace=273.0-15.0)
74	INTEGER nexpo ! exponentiel pour glace/eau
75	PARAMETER (nexpo=6)
76	!cc PARAMETER (nexpo=1)
77
78	! -- sb:
79	logical ok_newmicro
80	! parameter (ok_newmicro=.FALSE.)
81	!IM: 091003 real rel, tc, rei, zfiwp
82	real rel, tc, rei, zfiwp(klon)
83	real k_liq, k_ice0, k_ice, DF
84	parameter (k_liq=0.0903, k_ice0=0.005) ! units=m2/g
85	parameter (DF=1.66) ! diffusivity factor
86	! sb --
87	!jq for the aerosol indirect effect
88	!jq introduced by Johannes Quaas (quaas@lmd.jussieu.fr), 27/11/2003
89	!jq
90	LOGICAL ok_aie ! Apply AIE or not?
91	LOGICAL ok_a1lwpdep ! a1 LWP dependent?
92
93	REAL sulfate(klon, klev) ! sulfate aerosol mass concentration [ug m-3]
94	REAL cdnc(klon, klev) ! cloud droplet number concentration [m-3]
95	REAL re(klon, klev) ! cloud droplet effective radius [um]
96	REAL sulfate_pi(klon, klev) ! sulfate aerosol mass concentration [ug m-3] (pre-industrial value)
97	REAL cdnc_pi(klon, klev) ! cloud droplet number concentration [m-3] (pi value)
98	REAL re_pi(klon, klev) ! cloud droplet effective radius [um] (pi value)
99
100	REAL fl(klon, klev) ! xliq * rneb (denominator to re; fraction of liquid water clouds within the grid cell)
101
102	REAL bl95_b0, bl95_b1 ! Parameter in B&L 95-Formula
103
104	REAL cldtaupi(klon, klev) ! pre-industrial cloud opt thickness for diag
105	!jq-end
106	!
107	! Calculer l'epaisseur optique et l'emmissivite des nuages
108	!
109	!IM inversion des DO
110	DO i = 1, klon
111	xflwp(i)=0.
112	xfiwp(i)=0.
113	DO k = 1, klev
114	!
115	xflwc(i,k)=0.
116	xfiwc(i,k)=0.
117	!
118	rad_chaud = rad_chau1
119	IF (k.LE.3) rad_chaud = rad_chau2
120	pclc(i,k) = MAX(pclc(i,k), seuil_neb)
121	zflwp(i) = 1000.*pqlwp(i,k)/RG/pclc(i,k) &
122	*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))
123	zfice = 1.0 - (t(i,k)-t_glace) / (273.13-t_glace)
124	zfice = MIN(MAX(zfice,0.0),1.0)
125	zfice = zfice**nexpo
126	radius = rad_chaud * (1.-zfice) + rad_froid * zfice
127	coef = coef_chau * (1.-zfice) + coef_froi * zfice
128	pcltau(i,k) = 3.0/2.0 * zflwp(i) / radius
129	pclemi(i,k) = 1.0 - EXP( - coef * zflwp(i))
130
131	if (ok_newmicro) then
132
133	! -- liquid/ice cloud water paths:
134
135	zfice = 1.0 - (t(i,k)-t_glace) / (273.13-t_glace)
136	zfice = MIN(MAX(zfice,0.0),1.0)
137
138	zflwp(i) = 1000.(1.-zfice)pqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k) &
139	*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
140	zfiwp(i) = 1000.zficepqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k) &
141	*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
142
143	xflwp(i) = xflwp(i)+ (1.-zfice)*pqlwp(i,k) &
144	*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
145	xfiwp(i) = xfiwp(i)+ zfice*pqlwp(i,k) &
146	*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
147
148	!IM Total Liquid/Ice water content
149	xflwc(i,k) = xflwc(i,k)+(1.-zfice)*pqlwp(i,k)
150	xfiwc(i,k) = xfiwc(i,k)+zfice*pqlwp(i,k)
151	!IM In-Cloud Liquid/Ice water content
152	! xflwc(i,k) = xflwc(i,k)+(1.-zfice)*pqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k)
153	! xfiwc(i,k) = xfiwc(i,k)+zfice*pqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k)
154
155	! -- effective cloud droplet radius (microns):
156
157	! for liquid water clouds:
158	IF (ok_aie) THEN
159	! Formula "D" of Boucher and Lohmann, Tellus, 1995
160	!
161	cdnc(i,k) = 10.*(bl95_b0+bl95_b1 &
162	log(MAX(sulfate(i,k),1.e-4))/log(10.))*1.e6 !-m-3
163	! Cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) is restricted
164	! to be within [20, 1000 cm^3]
165	!
166	cdnc(i,k)=MIN(1000.e6,MAX(20.e6,cdnc(i,k)))
167	!
168	!
169	cdnc_pi(i,k) = 10.*(bl95_b0+bl95_b1 &
170	log(MAX(sulfate_pi(i,k),1.e-4))/log(10.))*1.e6 !-m-3
171	cdnc_pi(i,k)=MIN(1000.e6,MAX(20.e6,cdnc_pi(i,k)))
172	!
173	!
174	! air density: pplay(i,k) / (RD * zT(i,k))
175	! factor 1.1: derive effective radius from volume-mean radius
176	! factor 1000 is the water density
177	! _chaud means that this is the CDR for liquid water clouds
178	!
179	rad_chaud = &
180	1.1 * ( (pqlwp(i,k) * pplay(i,k) / (RD * T(i,k)) ) &
181	/ (4./3. * RPI * 1000. * cdnc(i,k)) )**(1./3.)
182	!
183	! Convert to um. CDR shall be at least 3 um.
184	!
185	! rad_chaud = MAX(rad_chaud*1.e6, 3.)
186	rad_chaud = MAX(rad_chaud*1.e6, 5.)
187
188	! Pre-industrial cloud opt thickness
189	!
190	! "radius" is calculated as rad_chaud above (plus the
191	! ice cloud contribution) but using cdnc_pi instead of
192	! cdnc.
193	radius = &
194	1.1 * ( (pqlwp(i,k) * pplay(i,k) / (RD * T(i,k)) ) &
195	/ (4./3. * RPI * 1000. * cdnc_pi(i,k)) )**(1./3.)
196	radius = MAX(radius*1.e6, 5.)
197
198	tc = t(i,k)-273.15
199	rei = 0.71*tc + 61.29
200	if (tc.le.-81.4) rei = 3.5
201	if (zflwp(i).eq.0.) radius = 1.
202	if (zfiwp(i).eq.0. .or. rei.le.0.) rei = 1.
203	cldtaupi(i,k) = 3.0/2.0 * zflwp(i) / radius &
204	+ zfiwp(i) * (3.448e-03 + 2.431/rei)
205	ENDIF ! ok_aie
206	! For output diagnostics
207	!
208	! Cloud droplet effective radius [um]
209	!
210	! we multiply here with f * xl (fraction of liquid water
211	! clouds in the grid cell) to avoid problems in the
212	! averaging of the output.
213	! In the output of IOIPSL, derive the real cloud droplet
214	! effective radius as re/fl
215	!
216	fl(i,k) = pclc(i,k)*(1.-zfice)
217	re(i,k) = rad_chaud*fl(i,k)
218
219	!-jq end
220
221	rel = rad_chaud
222	! for ice clouds: as a function of the ambiant temperature
223	! [formula used by Iacobellis and Somerville (2000), with an
224	! asymptotical value of 3.5 microns at T<-81.4 C added to be
225	! consistent with observations of Heymsfield et al. 1986]:
226	tc = t(i,k)-273.15
227	rei = 0.71*tc + 61.29
228	if (tc.le.-81.4) rei = 3.5
229
230	! -- cloud optical thickness :
231
232	! [for liquid clouds, traditional formula,
233	! for ice clouds, Ebert & Curry (1992)]
234
235	if (zflwp(i).eq.0.) rel = 1.
236	if (zfiwp(i).eq.0. .or. rei.le.0.) rei = 1.
237	pcltau(i,k) = 3.0/2.0 * ( zflwp(i)/rel ) &
238	+ zfiwp(i) * (3.448e-03 + 2.431/rei)
239
240	! -- cloud infrared emissivity:
241
242	! [the broadband infrared absorption coefficient is parameterized
243	! as a function of the effective cld droplet radius]
244
245	! Ebert and Curry (1992) formula as used by Kiehl & Zender (1995):
246	k_ice = k_ice0 + 1.0/rei
247
248	pclemi(i,k) = 1.0 &
249	- EXP( - coef_chauzflwp(i) - DFk_ice*zfiwp(i) )
250
251	endif ! ok_newmicro
252
253	lo = (pclc(i,k) .LE. seuil_neb)
254	IF (lo) pclc(i,k) = 0.0
255	IF (lo) pcltau(i,k) = 0.0
256	IF (lo) pclemi(i,k) = 0.0
257
258	IF (lo) cldtaupi(i,k) = 0.0
259	IF (.NOT.ok_aie) cldtaupi(i,k)=pcltau(i,k)
260	ENDDO
261	ENDDO
262	!cc DO k = 1, klev
263	!cc DO i = 1, klon
264	!cc t(i,k) = t(i,k)
265	!cc pclc(i,k) = MAX( 1.e-5 , pclc(i,k) )
266	!cc lo = pclc(i,k) .GT. (2.*1.e-5)
267	!cc zflwp = pqlwp(i,k)1000.(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))
268	!cc . /(rg*pclc(i,k))
269	!cc zradef = 10.0 + (1.-sigs(k))*45.0
270	!cc pcltau(i,k) = 1.5 * zflwp / zradef
271	!cc zfice=1.0-MIN(MAX((t(i,k)-263.)/(273.-263.),0.0),1.0)
272	!cc zmsac = 0.13(1.0-zfice) + 0.08zfice
273	!cc pclemi(i,k) = 1.-EXP(-zmsac*zflwp)
274	!cc if (.NOT.lo) pclc(i,k) = 0.0
275	!cc if (.NOT.lo) pcltau(i,k) = 0.0
276	!cc if (.NOT.lo) pclemi(i,k) = 0.0
277	!cc ENDDO
278	!cc ENDDO
279	!ccccc print*, 'pas de nuage dans le rayonnement'
280	!ccccc DO k = 1, klev
281	!ccccc DO i = 1, klon
282	!ccccc pclc(i,k) = 0.0
283	!ccccc pcltau(i,k) = 0.0
284	!ccccc pclemi(i,k) = 0.0
285	!ccccc ENDDO
286	!ccccc ENDDO
287	!
288	! COMPUTE CLOUD LIQUID PATH AND TOTAL CLOUDINESS
289	!
290	DO i = 1, klon
291	pct(i)=1.0
292	pch(i)=1.0
293	pcm(i) = 1.0
294	pcl(i) = 1.0
295	pctlwp(i) = 0.0
296	ENDDO
297	!
298	DO k = klev, 1, -1
299	DO i = 1, klon
300	pctlwp(i) = pctlwp(i) &
301	+ pqlwp(i,k)*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
302	pct(i) = pct(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
303	if (pplay(i,k).LE.cetahb*paprs(i,1)) &
304	pch(i) = pch(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
305	if (pplay(i,k).GT.cetahb*paprs(i,1) .AND. &
306	pplay(i,k).LE.cetamb*paprs(i,1)) &
307	pcm(i) = pcm(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
308	if (pplay(i,k).GT.cetamb*paprs(i,1)) &
309	pcl(i) = pcl(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
310	ENDDO
311	ENDDO
312	!
313	DO i = 1, klon
314	pct(i)=1.-pct(i)
315	pch(i)=1.-pch(i)
316	pcm(i)=1.-pcm(i)
317	pcl(i)=1.-pcl(i)
318	ENDDO
319
320	END SUBROUTINE newmicro
321
322	end module newmicro_m