trunk/phylmd/newmicro.f

SUBROUTINE newmicro (paprs, pplay,ok_newmicro, &
     t, pqlwp, pclc, pcltau, pclemi, &
     pch, pcl, pcm, pct, pctlwp, &
     xflwp, xfiwp, xflwc, xfiwc, &
     ok_aie,  &
     sulfate, sulfate_pi,  &
     bl95_b0, bl95_b1, &
     cldtaupi, re, fl)

  ! From LMDZ4/libf/phylmd/newmicro.F,v 1.2 2004/06/03 09:22:43

  use dimens_m
  use dimphy
  use SUPHEC_M
  use nuagecom
  IMPLICIT none
  !======================================================================
  ! Auteur(s): Z.X. Li (LMD/CNRS) date: 19930910
  ! Objet: Calculer epaisseur optique et emmissivite des nuages
  !======================================================================
  ! Arguments:
  ! t-------input-R-temperature
  ! pqlwp---input-R-eau liquide nuageuse dans l'atmosphere (kg/kg)
  ! pclc----input-R-couverture nuageuse pour le rayonnement (0 a 1)
  ! 
  ! ok_aie--input-L-apply aerosol indirect effect or not
  ! sulfate-input-R-sulfate aerosol mass concentration [um/m^3]
  ! sulfate_pi-input-R-dito, pre-industrial value
  ! bl95_b0-input-R-a parameter, may be varied for tests (s-sea, l-land)
  ! bl95_b1-input-R-a parameter, may be varied for tests (    -"-      )
  !      
  ! cldtaupi-output-R-pre-industrial value of cloud optical thickness, 
  !                   needed for the diagnostics of the aerosol indirect 
  !                   radiative forcing (see radlwsw)
  ! re------output-R-Cloud droplet effective radius multiplied by fl [um]
  ! fl------output-R-Denominator to re, introduced to avoid problems in
  !                  the averaging of the output. fl is the fraction of liquid
  !                  water clouds within a grid cell           
  ! pcltau--output-R-epaisseur optique des nuages
  ! pclemi--output-R-emissivite des nuages (0 a 1)
  !======================================================================
  !
  !
  REAL, intent(in):: paprs(klon,klev+1)
  real, intent(in):: pplay(klon,klev)
  REAL, intent(in):: t(klon,klev)
  !
  REAL pclc(klon,klev)
  REAL pqlwp(klon,klev)
  REAL pcltau(klon,klev), pclemi(klon,klev)
  !
  REAL pct(klon), pctlwp(klon), pch(klon), pcl(klon), pcm(klon)
  !
  LOGICAL lo
  !
  REAL cetahb, cetamb
  PARAMETER (cetahb = 0.45, cetamb = 0.80)
  !
  INTEGER i, k
  !IM: 091003   REAL zflwp, zradef, zfice, zmsac
  REAL zflwp(klon), zradef, zfice, zmsac
  !IM: 091003 rajout
  REAL xflwp(klon), xfiwp(klon)
  REAL xflwc(klon,klev), xfiwc(klon,klev)
  !
  REAL radius, rad_chaud
  !c      PARAMETER (rad_chau1=13.0, rad_chau2=9.0, rad_froid=35.0)
  !cc      PARAMETER (rad_chaud=15.0, rad_froid=35.0)
  ! sintex initial      PARAMETER (rad_chaud=10.0, rad_froid=30.0)
  REAL coef, coef_froi, coef_chau
  PARAMETER (coef_chau=0.13, coef_froi=0.09)
  REAL seuil_neb, t_glace
  PARAMETER (seuil_neb=0.001, t_glace=273.0-15.0)
  INTEGER nexpo ! exponentiel pour glace/eau
  PARAMETER (nexpo=6)
  !cc      PARAMETER (nexpo=1)

  ! -- sb:
  logical ok_newmicro
  !     parameter (ok_newmicro=.FALSE.)
  !IM: 091003   real rel, tc, rei, zfiwp
  real rel, tc, rei, zfiwp(klon)
  real k_liq, k_ice0, k_ice, DF
  parameter (k_liq=0.0903, k_ice0=0.005) ! units=m2/g
  parameter (DF=1.66) ! diffusivity factor
  ! sb --
  !jq for the aerosol indirect effect
  !jq introduced by Johannes Quaas (quaas@lmd.jussieu.fr), 27/11/2003
  !jq      
  LOGICAL ok_aie            ! Apply AIE or not?
  LOGICAL ok_a1lwpdep       ! a1 LWP dependent?

  REAL sulfate(klon, klev)  ! sulfate aerosol mass concentration [ug m-3]
  REAL cdnc(klon, klev)     ! cloud droplet number concentration [m-3]
  REAL re(klon, klev)       ! cloud droplet effective radius [um]
  REAL sulfate_pi(klon, klev)  ! sulfate aerosol mass concentration [ug m-3] (pre-industrial value)
  REAL cdnc_pi(klon, klev)     ! cloud droplet number concentration [m-3] (pi value)
  REAL re_pi(klon, klev)       ! cloud droplet effective radius [um] (pi value)

  REAL fl(klon, klev)       ! xliq * rneb (denominator to re; fraction of liquid water clouds within the grid cell)

  REAL bl95_b0, bl95_b1     ! Parameter in B&L 95-Formula

  REAL cldtaupi(klon, klev) ! pre-industrial cloud opt thickness for diag
  !jq-end    
  !
  ! Calculer l'epaisseur optique et l'emmissivite des nuages
  !
  !IM inversion des DO
  DO i = 1, klon
     xflwp(i)=0.
     xfiwp(i)=0.
     DO k = 1, klev
        !
        xflwc(i,k)=0.
        xfiwc(i,k)=0.
        !
        rad_chaud = rad_chau1
        IF (k.LE.3) rad_chaud = rad_chau2
        pclc(i,k) = MAX(pclc(i,k), seuil_neb)
        zflwp(i) = 1000.*pqlwp(i,k)/RG/pclc(i,k) &
             *(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))
        zfice = 1.0 - (t(i,k)-t_glace) / (273.13-t_glace)
        zfice = MIN(MAX(zfice,0.0),1.0)
        zfice = zfice**nexpo
        radius = rad_chaud * (1.-zfice) + rad_froid * zfice
        coef = coef_chau * (1.-zfice) + coef_froi * zfice
        pcltau(i,k) = 3.0/2.0 * zflwp(i) / radius
        pclemi(i,k) = 1.0 - EXP( - coef * zflwp(i))

        if (ok_newmicro) then

           ! -- liquid/ice cloud water paths:

           zfice = 1.0 - (t(i,k)-t_glace) / (273.13-t_glace)
           zfice = MIN(MAX(zfice,0.0),1.0)

           zflwp(i) = 1000.*(1.-zfice)*pqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k) &
                *(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
           zfiwp(i) = 1000.*zfice*pqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k) &
                *(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG

           xflwp(i) = xflwp(i)+ (1.-zfice)*pqlwp(i,k) &
                *(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
           xfiwp(i) = xfiwp(i)+ zfice*pqlwp(i,k) &
                *(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG

           !IM Total Liquid/Ice water content
           xflwc(i,k) = xflwc(i,k)+(1.-zfice)*pqlwp(i,k)
           xfiwc(i,k) = xfiwc(i,k)+zfice*pqlwp(i,k)
           !IM In-Cloud Liquid/Ice water content
           !        xflwc(i,k) = xflwc(i,k)+(1.-zfice)*pqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k)
           !        xfiwc(i,k) = xfiwc(i,k)+zfice*pqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k)

           ! -- effective cloud droplet radius (microns):

           ! for liquid water clouds: 
           IF (ok_aie) THEN
              ! Formula "D" of Boucher and Lohmann, Tellus, 1995
              !             
              cdnc(i,k) = 10.**(bl95_b0+bl95_b1* &
                   log(MAX(sulfate(i,k),1.e-4))/log(10.))*1.e6 !-m-3
              ! Cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) is restricted
              ! to be within [20, 1000 cm^3]
              ! 
              cdnc(i,k)=MIN(1000.e6,MAX(20.e6,cdnc(i,k)))
              !
              !
              cdnc_pi(i,k) = 10.**(bl95_b0+bl95_b1* &
                   log(MAX(sulfate_pi(i,k),1.e-4))/log(10.))*1.e6 !-m-3
              cdnc_pi(i,k)=MIN(1000.e6,MAX(20.e6,cdnc_pi(i,k)))
              !            
              !
              ! air density: pplay(i,k) / (RD * zT(i,k)) 
              ! factor 1.1: derive effective radius from volume-mean radius
              ! factor 1000 is the water density
              ! _chaud means that this is the CDR for liquid water clouds
              !
              rad_chaud =  &
                   1.1 * ( (pqlwp(i,k) * pplay(i,k) / (RD * T(i,k)) )   &
                   / (4./3. * RPI * 1000. * cdnc(i,k)) )**(1./3.)
              !
              ! Convert to um. CDR shall be at least 3 um.
              !
              !           rad_chaud = MAX(rad_chaud*1.e6, 3.) 
              rad_chaud = MAX(rad_chaud*1.e6, 5.) 

              ! Pre-industrial cloud opt thickness
              !
              ! "radius" is calculated as rad_chaud above (plus the 
              ! ice cloud contribution) but using cdnc_pi instead of
              ! cdnc.
              radius =  &
                   1.1 * ( (pqlwp(i,k) * pplay(i,k) / (RD * T(i,k)) )   &
                   / (4./3. * RPI * 1000. * cdnc_pi(i,k)) )**(1./3.)
              radius = MAX(radius*1.e6, 5.) 

              tc = t(i,k)-273.15
              rei = 0.71*tc + 61.29 
              if (tc.le.-81.4) rei = 3.5 
              if (zflwp(i).eq.0.) radius = 1. 
              if (zfiwp(i).eq.0. .or. rei.le.0.) rei = 1. 
              cldtaupi(i,k) = 3.0/2.0 * zflwp(i) / radius &
                   + zfiwp(i) * (3.448e-03  + 2.431/rei)
           ENDIF                  ! ok_aie
           ! For output diagnostics
           !
           ! Cloud droplet effective radius [um]
           !
           ! we multiply here with f * xl (fraction of liquid water
           ! clouds in the grid cell) to avoid problems in the
           ! averaging of the output.
           ! In the output of IOIPSL, derive the real cloud droplet 
           ! effective radius as re/fl
           !
           fl(i,k) = pclc(i,k)*(1.-zfice)            
           re(i,k) = rad_chaud*fl(i,k)

           !-jq end         

           rel = rad_chaud
           ! for ice clouds: as a function of the ambiant temperature
           ! [formula used by Iacobellis and Somerville (2000), with an 
           ! asymptotical value of 3.5 microns at T<-81.4 C added to be 
           ! consistent with observations of Heymsfield et al. 1986]:
           tc = t(i,k)-273.15
           rei = 0.71*tc + 61.29 
           if (tc.le.-81.4) rei = 3.5 

           ! -- cloud optical thickness :

           ! [for liquid clouds, traditional formula, 
           !  for ice clouds, Ebert & Curry (1992)] 

           if (zflwp(i).eq.0.) rel = 1. 
           if (zfiwp(i).eq.0. .or. rei.le.0.) rei = 1. 
           pcltau(i,k) = 3.0/2.0 * ( zflwp(i)/rel ) &
                + zfiwp(i) * (3.448e-03  + 2.431/rei)

           ! -- cloud infrared emissivity:

           ! [the broadband infrared absorption coefficient is parameterized
           !  as a function of the effective cld droplet radius]

           ! Ebert and Curry (1992) formula as used by Kiehl & Zender (1995):
           k_ice = k_ice0 + 1.0/rei

           pclemi(i,k) = 1.0 &
                - EXP( - coef_chau*zflwp(i) - DF*k_ice*zfiwp(i) )

        endif ! ok_newmicro

        lo = (pclc(i,k) .LE. seuil_neb)
        IF (lo) pclc(i,k) = 0.0
        IF (lo) pcltau(i,k) = 0.0
        IF (lo) pclemi(i,k) = 0.0

        IF (lo) cldtaupi(i,k) = 0.0
        IF (.NOT.ok_aie) cldtaupi(i,k)=pcltau(i,k)            
     ENDDO
  ENDDO
  !cc      DO k = 1, klev
  !cc      DO i = 1, klon
  !cc         t(i,k) = t(i,k)
  !cc         pclc(i,k) = MAX( 1.e-5 , pclc(i,k) )
  !cc         lo = pclc(i,k) .GT. (2.*1.e-5)
  !cc         zflwp = pqlwp(i,k)*1000.*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))
  !cc     .          /(rg*pclc(i,k))
  !cc         zradef = 10.0 + (1.-sigs(k))*45.0
  !cc         pcltau(i,k) = 1.5 * zflwp / zradef
  !cc         zfice=1.0-MIN(MAX((t(i,k)-263.)/(273.-263.),0.0),1.0)
  !cc         zmsac = 0.13*(1.0-zfice) + 0.08*zfice
  !cc         pclemi(i,k) = 1.-EXP(-zmsac*zflwp)
  !cc         if (.NOT.lo) pclc(i,k) = 0.0
  !cc         if (.NOT.lo) pcltau(i,k) = 0.0
  !cc         if (.NOT.lo) pclemi(i,k) = 0.0
  !cc      ENDDO
  !cc      ENDDO
  !ccccc      print*, 'pas de nuage dans le rayonnement'
  !ccccc      DO k = 1, klev
  !ccccc      DO i = 1, klon
  !ccccc         pclc(i,k) = 0.0
  !ccccc         pcltau(i,k) = 0.0
  !ccccc         pclemi(i,k) = 0.0
  !ccccc      ENDDO
  !ccccc      ENDDO
  !
  ! COMPUTE CLOUD LIQUID PATH AND TOTAL CLOUDINESS
  !
  DO i = 1, klon
     pct(i)=1.0
     pch(i)=1.0
     pcm(i) = 1.0
     pcl(i) = 1.0
     pctlwp(i) = 0.0
  ENDDO
  !
  DO k = klev, 1, -1
     DO i = 1, klon
        pctlwp(i) = pctlwp(i)  &
             + pqlwp(i,k)*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
        pct(i) = pct(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
        if (pplay(i,k).LE.cetahb*paprs(i,1)) &
             pch(i) = pch(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
        if (pplay(i,k).GT.cetahb*paprs(i,1) .AND. &
             pplay(i,k).LE.cetamb*paprs(i,1))  &
             pcm(i) = pcm(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
        if (pplay(i,k).GT.cetamb*paprs(i,1)) &
             pcl(i) = pcl(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
     ENDDO
  ENDDO
  !
  DO i = 1, klon
     pct(i)=1.-pct(i)
     pch(i)=1.-pch(i)
     pcm(i)=1.-pcm(i)
     pcl(i)=1.-pcl(i)
  ENDDO

END SUBROUTINE newmicro
1	guez	52	SUBROUTINE newmicro (paprs, pplay,ok_newmicro, &
2			t, pqlwp, pclc, pcltau, pclemi, &
3			pch, pcl, pcm, pct, pctlwp, &
4			xflwp, xfiwp, xflwc, xfiwc, &
5			ok_aie, &
6			sulfate, sulfate_pi, &
7			bl95_b0, bl95_b1, &
8			cldtaupi, re, fl)
9	guez	3
10	guez	52	! From LMDZ4/libf/phylmd/newmicro.F,v 1.2 2004/06/03 09:22:43
11	guez	3
12	guez	52	use dimens_m
13			use dimphy
14			use SUPHEC_M
15			use nuagecom
16			IMPLICIT none
17			!======================================================================
18			! Auteur(s): Z.X. Li (LMD/CNRS) date: 19930910
19			! Objet: Calculer epaisseur optique et emmissivite des nuages
20			!======================================================================
21			! Arguments:
22			! t-------input-R-temperature
23			! pqlwp---input-R-eau liquide nuageuse dans l'atmosphere (kg/kg)
24			! pclc----input-R-couverture nuageuse pour le rayonnement (0 a 1)
25			!
26			! ok_aie--input-L-apply aerosol indirect effect or not
27			! sulfate-input-R-sulfate aerosol mass concentration [um/m^3]
28			! sulfate_pi-input-R-dito, pre-industrial value
29			! bl95_b0-input-R-a parameter, may be varied for tests (s-sea, l-land)
30			! bl95_b1-input-R-a parameter, may be varied for tests ( -"- )
31			!
32			! cldtaupi-output-R-pre-industrial value of cloud optical thickness,
33			! needed for the diagnostics of the aerosol indirect
34			! radiative forcing (see radlwsw)
35			! re------output-R-Cloud droplet effective radius multiplied by fl [um]
36			! fl------output-R-Denominator to re, introduced to avoid problems in
37			! the averaging of the output. fl is the fraction of liquid
38			! water clouds within a grid cell
39			! pcltau--output-R-epaisseur optique des nuages
40			! pclemi--output-R-emissivite des nuages (0 a 1)
41			!======================================================================
42			!
43			!
44			REAL, intent(in):: paprs(klon,klev+1)
45			real, intent(in):: pplay(klon,klev)
46			REAL, intent(in):: t(klon,klev)
47			!
48			REAL pclc(klon,klev)
49			REAL pqlwp(klon,klev)
50			REAL pcltau(klon,klev), pclemi(klon,klev)
51			!
52			REAL pct(klon), pctlwp(klon), pch(klon), pcl(klon), pcm(klon)
53			!
54			LOGICAL lo
55			!
56			REAL cetahb, cetamb
57			PARAMETER (cetahb = 0.45, cetamb = 0.80)
58			!
59			INTEGER i, k
60			!IM: 091003 REAL zflwp, zradef, zfice, zmsac
61			REAL zflwp(klon), zradef, zfice, zmsac
62			!IM: 091003 rajout
63			REAL xflwp(klon), xfiwp(klon)
64			REAL xflwc(klon,klev), xfiwc(klon,klev)
65			!
66			REAL radius, rad_chaud
67			!c PARAMETER (rad_chau1=13.0, rad_chau2=9.0, rad_froid=35.0)
68			!cc PARAMETER (rad_chaud=15.0, rad_froid=35.0)
69			! sintex initial PARAMETER (rad_chaud=10.0, rad_froid=30.0)
70			REAL coef, coef_froi, coef_chau
71			PARAMETER (coef_chau=0.13, coef_froi=0.09)
72			REAL seuil_neb, t_glace
73			PARAMETER (seuil_neb=0.001, t_glace=273.0-15.0)
74			INTEGER nexpo ! exponentiel pour glace/eau
75			PARAMETER (nexpo=6)
76			!cc PARAMETER (nexpo=1)
77	guez	3
78	guez	52	! -- sb:
79			logical ok_newmicro
80			! parameter (ok_newmicro=.FALSE.)
81			!IM: 091003 real rel, tc, rei, zfiwp
82			real rel, tc, rei, zfiwp(klon)
83			real k_liq, k_ice0, k_ice, DF
84			parameter (k_liq=0.0903, k_ice0=0.005) ! units=m2/g
85			parameter (DF=1.66) ! diffusivity factor
86			! sb --
87			!jq for the aerosol indirect effect
88			!jq introduced by Johannes Quaas (quaas@lmd.jussieu.fr), 27/11/2003
89			!jq
90			LOGICAL ok_aie ! Apply AIE or not?
91			LOGICAL ok_a1lwpdep ! a1 LWP dependent?
92	guez	3
93	guez	52	REAL sulfate(klon, klev) ! sulfate aerosol mass concentration [ug m-3]
94			REAL cdnc(klon, klev) ! cloud droplet number concentration [m-3]
95			REAL re(klon, klev) ! cloud droplet effective radius [um]
96			REAL sulfate_pi(klon, klev) ! sulfate aerosol mass concentration [ug m-3] (pre-industrial value)
97			REAL cdnc_pi(klon, klev) ! cloud droplet number concentration [m-3] (pi value)
98			REAL re_pi(klon, klev) ! cloud droplet effective radius [um] (pi value)
99	guez	3
100	guez	52	REAL fl(klon, klev) ! xliq * rneb (denominator to re; fraction of liquid water clouds within the grid cell)
101	guez	3
102	guez	52	REAL bl95_b0, bl95_b1 ! Parameter in B&L 95-Formula
103	guez	3
104	guez	52	REAL cldtaupi(klon, klev) ! pre-industrial cloud opt thickness for diag
105			!jq-end
106			!
107			! Calculer l'epaisseur optique et l'emmissivite des nuages
108			!
109			!IM inversion des DO
110			DO i = 1, klon
111			xflwp(i)=0.
112			xfiwp(i)=0.
113			DO k = 1, klev
114			!
115			xflwc(i,k)=0.
116			xfiwc(i,k)=0.
117			!
118			rad_chaud = rad_chau1
119			IF (k.LE.3) rad_chaud = rad_chau2
120			pclc(i,k) = MAX(pclc(i,k), seuil_neb)
121			zflwp(i) = 1000.*pqlwp(i,k)/RG/pclc(i,k) &
122			*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))
123			zfice = 1.0 - (t(i,k)-t_glace) / (273.13-t_glace)
124			zfice = MIN(MAX(zfice,0.0),1.0)
125			zfice = zfice**nexpo
126			radius = rad_chaud * (1.-zfice) + rad_froid * zfice
127			coef = coef_chau * (1.-zfice) + coef_froi * zfice
128			pcltau(i,k) = 3.0/2.0 * zflwp(i) / radius
129			pclemi(i,k) = 1.0 - EXP( - coef * zflwp(i))
130	guez	3
131	guez	52	if (ok_newmicro) then
132	guez	3
133	guez	52	! -- liquid/ice cloud water paths:
134	guez	3
135	guez	52	zfice = 1.0 - (t(i,k)-t_glace) / (273.13-t_glace)
136			zfice = MIN(MAX(zfice,0.0),1.0)
137	guez	3
138	guez	52	zflwp(i) = 1000.(1.-zfice)pqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k) &
139			*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
140			zfiwp(i) = 1000.zficepqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k) &
141			*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
142	guez	3
143	guez	52	xflwp(i) = xflwp(i)+ (1.-zfice)*pqlwp(i,k) &
144			*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
145			xfiwp(i) = xfiwp(i)+ zfice*pqlwp(i,k) &
146			*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
147	guez	3
148	guez	52	!IM Total Liquid/Ice water content
149			xflwc(i,k) = xflwc(i,k)+(1.-zfice)*pqlwp(i,k)
150			xfiwc(i,k) = xfiwc(i,k)+zfice*pqlwp(i,k)
151			!IM In-Cloud Liquid/Ice water content
152			! xflwc(i,k) = xflwc(i,k)+(1.-zfice)*pqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k)
153			! xfiwc(i,k) = xfiwc(i,k)+zfice*pqlwp(i,k)/pclc(i,k)
154	guez	3
155	guez	52	! -- effective cloud droplet radius (microns):
156	guez	3
157	guez	52	! for liquid water clouds:
158			IF (ok_aie) THEN
159			! Formula "D" of Boucher and Lohmann, Tellus, 1995
160			!
161			cdnc(i,k) = 10.*(bl95_b0+bl95_b1 &
162			log(MAX(sulfate(i,k),1.e-4))/log(10.))*1.e6 !-m-3
163			! Cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) is restricted
164			! to be within [20, 1000 cm^3]
165			!
166			cdnc(i,k)=MIN(1000.e6,MAX(20.e6,cdnc(i,k)))
167			!
168			!
169			cdnc_pi(i,k) = 10.*(bl95_b0+bl95_b1 &
170			log(MAX(sulfate_pi(i,k),1.e-4))/log(10.))*1.e6 !-m-3
171			cdnc_pi(i,k)=MIN(1000.e6,MAX(20.e6,cdnc_pi(i,k)))
172			!
173			!
174			! air density: pplay(i,k) / (RD * zT(i,k))
175			! factor 1.1: derive effective radius from volume-mean radius
176			! factor 1000 is the water density
177			! _chaud means that this is the CDR for liquid water clouds
178			!
179			rad_chaud = &
180			1.1 * ( (pqlwp(i,k) * pplay(i,k) / (RD * T(i,k)) ) &
181			/ (4./3. * RPI * 1000. * cdnc(i,k)) )**(1./3.)
182			!
183			! Convert to um. CDR shall be at least 3 um.
184			!
185			! rad_chaud = MAX(rad_chaud*1.e6, 3.)
186			rad_chaud = MAX(rad_chaud*1.e6, 5.)
187	guez	3
188	guez	52	! Pre-industrial cloud opt thickness
189			!
190			! "radius" is calculated as rad_chaud above (plus the
191			! ice cloud contribution) but using cdnc_pi instead of
192			! cdnc.
193			radius = &
194			1.1 * ( (pqlwp(i,k) * pplay(i,k) / (RD * T(i,k)) ) &
195			/ (4./3. * RPI * 1000. * cdnc_pi(i,k)) )**(1./3.)
196			radius = MAX(radius*1.e6, 5.)
197	guez	3
198	guez	52	tc = t(i,k)-273.15
199			rei = 0.71*tc + 61.29
200			if (tc.le.-81.4) rei = 3.5
201			if (zflwp(i).eq.0.) radius = 1.
202			if (zfiwp(i).eq.0. .or. rei.le.0.) rei = 1.
203			cldtaupi(i,k) = 3.0/2.0 * zflwp(i) / radius &
204			+ zfiwp(i) * (3.448e-03 + 2.431/rei)
205			ENDIF ! ok_aie
206			! For output diagnostics
207			!
208			! Cloud droplet effective radius [um]
209			!
210			! we multiply here with f * xl (fraction of liquid water
211			! clouds in the grid cell) to avoid problems in the
212			! averaging of the output.
213			! In the output of IOIPSL, derive the real cloud droplet
214			! effective radius as re/fl
215			!
216			fl(i,k) = pclc(i,k)*(1.-zfice)
217			re(i,k) = rad_chaud*fl(i,k)
218	guez	3
219	guez	52	!-jq end
220
221			rel = rad_chaud
222			! for ice clouds: as a function of the ambiant temperature
223			! [formula used by Iacobellis and Somerville (2000), with an
224			! asymptotical value of 3.5 microns at T<-81.4 C added to be
225			! consistent with observations of Heymsfield et al. 1986]:
226			tc = t(i,k)-273.15
227			rei = 0.71*tc + 61.29
228			if (tc.le.-81.4) rei = 3.5
229
230			! -- cloud optical thickness :
231
232			! [for liquid clouds, traditional formula,
233			! for ice clouds, Ebert & Curry (1992)]
234
235			if (zflwp(i).eq.0.) rel = 1.
236			if (zfiwp(i).eq.0. .or. rei.le.0.) rei = 1.
237			pcltau(i,k) = 3.0/2.0 * ( zflwp(i)/rel ) &
238			+ zfiwp(i) * (3.448e-03 + 2.431/rei)
239
240			! -- cloud infrared emissivity:
241
242			! [the broadband infrared absorption coefficient is parameterized
243			! as a function of the effective cld droplet radius]
244
245			! Ebert and Curry (1992) formula as used by Kiehl & Zender (1995):
246			k_ice = k_ice0 + 1.0/rei
247
248			pclemi(i,k) = 1.0 &
249			- EXP( - coef_chauzflwp(i) - DFk_ice*zfiwp(i) )
250
251			endif ! ok_newmicro
252
253			lo = (pclc(i,k) .LE. seuil_neb)
254			IF (lo) pclc(i,k) = 0.0
255			IF (lo) pcltau(i,k) = 0.0
256			IF (lo) pclemi(i,k) = 0.0
257
258			IF (lo) cldtaupi(i,k) = 0.0
259			IF (.NOT.ok_aie) cldtaupi(i,k)=pcltau(i,k)
260			ENDDO
261			ENDDO
262			!cc DO k = 1, klev
263			!cc DO i = 1, klon
264			!cc t(i,k) = t(i,k)
265			!cc pclc(i,k) = MAX( 1.e-5 , pclc(i,k) )
266			!cc lo = pclc(i,k) .GT. (2.*1.e-5)
267			!cc zflwp = pqlwp(i,k)1000.(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))
268			!cc . /(rg*pclc(i,k))
269			!cc zradef = 10.0 + (1.-sigs(k))*45.0
270			!cc pcltau(i,k) = 1.5 * zflwp / zradef
271			!cc zfice=1.0-MIN(MAX((t(i,k)-263.)/(273.-263.),0.0),1.0)
272			!cc zmsac = 0.13(1.0-zfice) + 0.08zfice
273			!cc pclemi(i,k) = 1.-EXP(-zmsac*zflwp)
274			!cc if (.NOT.lo) pclc(i,k) = 0.0
275			!cc if (.NOT.lo) pcltau(i,k) = 0.0
276			!cc if (.NOT.lo) pclemi(i,k) = 0.0
277			!cc ENDDO
278			!cc ENDDO
279			!ccccc print*, 'pas de nuage dans le rayonnement'
280			!ccccc DO k = 1, klev
281			!ccccc DO i = 1, klon
282			!ccccc pclc(i,k) = 0.0
283			!ccccc pcltau(i,k) = 0.0
284			!ccccc pclemi(i,k) = 0.0
285			!ccccc ENDDO
286			!ccccc ENDDO
287			!
288			! COMPUTE CLOUD LIQUID PATH AND TOTAL CLOUDINESS
289			!
290			DO i = 1, klon
291			pct(i)=1.0
292			pch(i)=1.0
293			pcm(i) = 1.0
294			pcl(i) = 1.0
295			pctlwp(i) = 0.0
296			ENDDO
297			!
298			DO k = klev, 1, -1
299			DO i = 1, klon
300			pctlwp(i) = pctlwp(i) &
301			+ pqlwp(i,k)*(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/RG
302			pct(i) = pct(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
303			if (pplay(i,k).LE.cetahb*paprs(i,1)) &
304			pch(i) = pch(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
305			if (pplay(i,k).GT.cetahb*paprs(i,1) .AND. &
306			pplay(i,k).LE.cetamb*paprs(i,1)) &
307			pcm(i) = pcm(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
308			if (pplay(i,k).GT.cetamb*paprs(i,1)) &
309			pcl(i) = pcl(i)*(1.0-pclc(i,k))
310			ENDDO
311			ENDDO
312			!
313			DO i = 1, klon
314			pct(i)=1.-pct(i)
315			pch(i)=1.-pch(i)
316			pcm(i)=1.-pcm(i)
317			pcl(i)=1.-pcl(i)
318			ENDDO
319
320			END SUBROUTINE newmicro