| 1 | MODULE icealb |
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| 2 | !!====================================================================== |
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| 3 | !! *** MODULE icealb *** |
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| 4 | !! Atmospheric forcing: Albedo over sea ice |
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| 5 | !!===================================================================== |
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| 6 | !! History : 4.0 ! 2017-07 (C. Rousset) Split ice and ocean albedos |
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| 7 | !! 4.0 ! 2018 (many people) SI3 [aka Sea Ice cube] |
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| 8 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 9 | #if defined key_si3 |
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| 10 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 11 | !! 'key_si3' SI3 sea-ice model |
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| 12 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 13 | !! ice_alb : albedo for ice (clear and overcast skies) |
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| 14 | !! ice_alb_init : initialisation of albedo computation |
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| 15 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 16 | USE phycst ! physical constants |
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| 17 | USE dom_oce ! domain: ocean |
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| 18 | USE ice, ONLY: jpl ! sea-ice: number of categories |
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| 19 | USE icevar ! sea-ice: operations |
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| 20 | ! |
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| 21 | USE in_out_manager ! I/O manager |
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| 22 | USE lib_mpp ! MPP library |
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| 23 | USE lib_fortran ! Fortran utilities (allows no signed zero when 'key_nosignedzero' defined) |
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| 24 | USE timing ! Timing |
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| 25 | |
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| 26 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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| 27 | PRIVATE |
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| 28 | |
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| 29 | PUBLIC ice_alb_init ! called in icestp |
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| 30 | PUBLIC ice_alb ! called in icesbc.F90 and iceupdate.F90 |
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| 31 | |
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| 32 | REAL(wp), PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: rn_alb_oce = 0.066_wp !: ocean or lead albedo (Pegau and Paulson, Ann. Glac. 2001) |
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| 33 | ! |
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| 34 | ! !!* albedo namelist (namalb) |
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| 35 | REAL(wp) :: rn_alb_sdry ! dry snow albedo |
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| 36 | REAL(wp) :: rn_alb_smlt ! melting snow albedo |
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| 37 | REAL(wp) :: rn_alb_idry ! dry ice albedo |
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| 38 | REAL(wp) :: rn_alb_imlt ! bare puddled ice albedo |
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| 39 | REAL(wp) :: rn_alb_dpnd ! ponded ice albedo |
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| 40 | REAL(wp) :: rn_alb_hpiv ! pivotal ice thickness in meters (above which albedo is constant) |
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| 41 | |
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| 42 | !! * Substitutions |
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| 43 | # include "do_loop_substitute.h90" |
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| 44 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 45 | !! NEMO/ICE 4.0 , NEMO Consortium (2018) |
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| 46 | !! $Id$ |
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| 47 | !! Software governed by the CeCILL license (see ./LICENSE) |
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| 48 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 49 | CONTAINS |
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| 50 | |
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| 51 | SUBROUTINE ice_alb( pt_su, ph_ice, ph_snw, ld_pnd_alb, pafrac_pnd, ph_pnd, pcloud_fra, palb_ice ) |
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| 52 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 53 | !! *** ROUTINE ice_alb *** |
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| 54 | !! |
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| 55 | !! ** Purpose : Computation of the albedo of the snow/ice system |
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| 56 | !! |
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| 57 | !! ** Method : The scheme is "home made" (for cloudy skies) and based on Brandt et al. (J. Climate 2005) |
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| 58 | !! and Grenfell & Perovich (JGR 2004) |
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| 59 | !! 1) Albedo dependency on ice thickness follows the findings from Brandt et al (2005) |
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| 60 | !! which are an update of Allison et al. (JGR 1993) ; Brandt et al. 1999 |
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| 61 | !! 0-5cm : linear function of ice thickness |
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| 62 | !! 5-100cm: log function of ice thickness |
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| 63 | !! > 100cm: constant |
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| 64 | !! 2) Albedo dependency on snow thickness follows the findings from Grenfell & Perovich (2004) |
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| 65 | !! i.e. it increases as -EXP(-snw_thick/0.02) during freezing and -EXP(-snw_thick/0.03) during melting |
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| 66 | !! 3) Albedo dependency on clouds is speculated from measurements of Grenfell and Perovich (2004) |
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| 67 | !! i.e. cloudy-clear albedo depend on cloudy albedo following a 2d order polynomial law |
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| 68 | !! 4) The needed 4 parameters are: dry and melting snow, freezing ice and bare puddled ice |
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| 69 | !! |
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| 70 | !! compilation of values from literature (reference overcast sky values) |
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| 71 | !! rn_alb_sdry = 0.85 ! dry snow |
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| 72 | !! rn_alb_smlt = 0.75 ! melting snow |
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| 73 | !! rn_alb_idry = 0.60 ! bare frozen ice |
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| 74 | !! rn_alb_imlt = 0.50 ! bare puddled ice albedo |
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| 75 | !! rn_alb_dpnd = 0.36 ! ponded-ice overcast albedo (Lecomte et al, 2015) |
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| 76 | !! ! early melt pnds 0.27, late melt ponds 0.14 Grenfell & Perovich |
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| 77 | !! Perovich et al 2002 (Sheba) => the only dataset for which all types of ice/snow were retrieved |
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| 78 | !! rn_alb_sdry = 0.85 ! dry snow |
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| 79 | !! rn_alb_smlt = 0.72 ! melting snow |
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| 80 | !! rn_alb_idry = 0.65 ! bare frozen ice |
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| 81 | !! Brandt et al 2005 (East Antarctica) |
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| 82 | !! rn_alb_sdry = 0.87 ! dry snow |
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| 83 | !! rn_alb_smlt = 0.82 ! melting snow |
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| 84 | !! rn_alb_idry = 0.54 ! bare frozen ice |
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| 85 | !! |
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| 86 | !! ** Note : The old parameterization from Shine & Henderson-Sellers (not here anymore) presented several misconstructions |
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| 87 | !! 1) ice albedo when ice thick. tends to 0 is different than ocean albedo |
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| 88 | !! 2) for small ice thick. covered with some snow (<3cm?), albedo is larger |
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| 89 | !! under melting conditions than under freezing conditions |
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| 90 | !! 3) the evolution of ice albedo as a function of ice thickness shows |
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| 91 | !! 3 sharp inflexion points (at 5cm, 100cm and 150cm) that look highly unrealistic |
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| 92 | !! |
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| 93 | !! References : Shine & Henderson-Sellers 1985, JGR, 90(D1), 2243-2250. |
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| 94 | !! Brandt et al. 2005, J. Climate, vol 18 |
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| 95 | !! Grenfell & Perovich 2004, JGR, vol 109 |
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| 96 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 97 | REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: pt_su ! ice surface temperature (Kelvin) |
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| 98 | REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: ph_ice ! sea-ice thickness |
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| 99 | REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: ph_snw ! snow depth |
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| 100 | LOGICAL , INTENT(in ) :: ld_pnd_alb ! effect of melt ponds on albedo |
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| 101 | REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: pafrac_pnd ! melt pond relative fraction (per unit ice area) |
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| 102 | REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: ph_pnd ! melt pond depth |
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| 103 | REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pcloud_fra ! cloud fraction |
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| 104 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: palb_ice ! albedo of ice |
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| 105 | ! |
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| 106 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpl) :: za_s_fra ! ice fraction covered by snow |
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| 107 | INTEGER :: ji, jj, jl ! dummy loop indices |
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| 108 | REAL(wp) :: z1_c1, z1_c2,z1_c3, z1_c4 ! local scalar |
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| 109 | REAL(wp) :: z1_href_pnd ! inverse of the characteristic length scale (Lecomte et al. 2015) |
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| 110 | REAL(wp) :: zalb_pnd, zafrac_pnd ! ponded sea ice albedo & relative pound fraction |
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| 111 | REAL(wp) :: zalb_ice, zafrac_ice ! bare sea ice albedo & relative ice fraction |
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| 112 | REAL(wp) :: zalb_snw, zafrac_snw ! snow-covered sea ice albedo & relative snow fraction |
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| 113 | REAL(wp) :: zalb_cs, zalb_os ! albedo of ice under clear/overcast sky |
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| 114 | !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 115 | ! |
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| 116 | IF( ln_timing ) CALL timing_start('icealb') |
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| 117 | ! |
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| 118 | z1_href_pnd = 1._wp / 0.05_wp |
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| 119 | z1_c1 = 1._wp / ( LOG(rn_alb_hpiv) - LOG(0.05_wp) ) |
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| 120 | z1_c2 = 1._wp / 0.05_wp |
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| 121 | z1_c3 = 1._wp / 0.02_wp |
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| 122 | z1_c4 = 1._wp / 0.03_wp |
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| 123 | ! |
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| 124 | CALL ice_var_snwfra( ph_snw, za_s_fra ) ! calculate ice fraction covered by snow |
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| 125 | ! |
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| 126 | DO jl = 1, jpl |
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| 127 | DO_2D( nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls ) ! palb_ice used over the full domain in icesbc |
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| 128 | ! |
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| 129 | !---------------------------------------------! |
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| 130 | !--- Specific snow, ice and pond fractions ---! |
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| 131 | !---------------------------------------------! |
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| 132 | zafrac_snw = za_s_fra(ji,jj,jl) |
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| 133 | IF( ld_pnd_alb ) THEN |
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| 134 | zafrac_pnd = MIN( pafrac_pnd(ji,jj,jl), 1._wp - zafrac_snw ) ! make sure (a_ip_eff + a_s_fra) <= 1 |
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| 135 | ELSE |
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| 136 | zafrac_pnd = 0._wp |
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| 137 | ENDIF |
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| 138 | zafrac_ice = MAX( 0._wp, 1._wp - zafrac_pnd - zafrac_snw ) ! max for roundoff errors |
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| 139 | ! |
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| 140 | !---------------! |
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| 141 | !--- Albedos ---! |
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| 142 | !---------------! |
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| 143 | ! !--- Bare ice albedo (for hi > 100cm) |
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| 144 | IF( ld_pnd_alb ) THEN |
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| 145 | zalb_ice = rn_alb_idry |
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| 146 | ELSE |
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| 147 | IF( ph_snw(ji,jj,jl) == 0._wp .AND. pt_su(ji,jj,jl) >= rt0 ) THEN ; zalb_ice = rn_alb_imlt |
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| 148 | ELSE ; zalb_ice = rn_alb_idry ; ENDIF |
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| 149 | ENDIF |
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| 150 | ! !--- Bare ice albedo (for hi < 100cm) |
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| 151 | IF( 0.05 < ph_ice(ji,jj,jl) .AND. ph_ice(ji,jj,jl) <= rn_alb_hpiv ) THEN ! 5cm < hi < 100cm |
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| 152 | zalb_ice = zalb_ice + ( 0.18_wp - zalb_ice ) * z1_c1 * ( LOG(rn_alb_hpiv) - LOG(ph_ice(ji,jj,jl)) ) |
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| 153 | ELSEIF( ph_ice(ji,jj,jl) <= 0.05_wp ) THEN ! 0cm < hi < 5cm |
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| 154 | zalb_ice = rn_alb_oce + ( 0.18_wp - rn_alb_oce ) * z1_c2 * ph_ice(ji,jj,jl) |
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| 155 | ENDIF |
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| 156 | ! |
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| 157 | ! !--- Snow-covered ice albedo (freezing, melting cases) |
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| 158 | IF( pt_su(ji,jj,jl) < rt0 ) THEN |
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| 159 | zalb_snw = rn_alb_sdry - ( rn_alb_sdry - zalb_ice ) * EXP( - ph_snw(ji,jj,jl) * z1_c3 ) |
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| 160 | ELSE |
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| 161 | zalb_snw = rn_alb_smlt - ( rn_alb_smlt - zalb_ice ) * EXP( - ph_snw(ji,jj,jl) * z1_c4 ) |
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| 162 | ENDIF |
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| 163 | ! !--- Ponded ice albedo |
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| 164 | zalb_pnd = rn_alb_dpnd - ( rn_alb_dpnd - zalb_ice ) * EXP( - ph_pnd(ji,jj,jl) * z1_href_pnd ) |
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| 165 | ! |
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| 166 | ! !--- Surface albedo is weighted mean of snow, ponds and bare ice contributions |
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| 167 | zalb_os = ( zafrac_snw * zalb_snw + zafrac_pnd * zalb_pnd + zafrac_ice * zalb_ice ) * tmask(ji,jj,1) |
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| 168 | ! |
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| 169 | zalb_cs = zalb_os - ( - 0.1010_wp * zalb_os * zalb_os & |
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| 170 | & + 0.1933_wp * zalb_os - 0.0148_wp ) * tmask(ji,jj,1) |
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| 171 | ! |
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| 172 | ! albedo depends on cloud fraction because of non-linear spectral effects |
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| 173 | palb_ice(ji,jj,jl) = ( 1._wp - pcloud_fra(ji,jj) ) * zalb_cs + pcloud_fra(ji,jj) * zalb_os |
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| 174 | |
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| 175 | END_2D |
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| 176 | END DO |
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| 177 | ! |
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| 178 | ! |
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| 179 | IF( ln_timing ) CALL timing_stop('icealb') |
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| 180 | ! |
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| 181 | END SUBROUTINE ice_alb |
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| 182 | |
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| 183 | |
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| 184 | SUBROUTINE ice_alb_init |
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| 185 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 186 | !! *** ROUTINE alb_init *** |
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| 187 | !! |
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| 188 | !! ** Purpose : initializations for the albedo parameters |
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| 189 | !! |
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| 190 | !! ** Method : Read the namelist namalb |
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| 191 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 192 | INTEGER :: ios ! Local integer output status for namelist read |
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| 193 | !! |
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| 194 | NAMELIST/namalb/ rn_alb_sdry, rn_alb_smlt, rn_alb_idry, rn_alb_imlt, rn_alb_dpnd, rn_alb_hpiv |
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| 195 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 196 | ! |
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| 197 | READ ( numnam_ice_ref, namalb, IOSTAT = ios, ERR = 901) |
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| 198 | 901 IF( ios /= 0 ) CALL ctl_nam ( ios , 'namalb in reference namelist' ) |
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| 199 | READ ( numnam_ice_cfg, namalb, IOSTAT = ios, ERR = 902 ) |
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| 200 | 902 IF( ios > 0 ) CALL ctl_nam ( ios , 'namalb in configuration namelist' ) |
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| 201 | IF(lwm) WRITE( numoni, namalb ) |
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| 202 | ! |
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| 203 | IF(lwp) THEN ! Control print |
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| 204 | WRITE(numout,*) |
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| 205 | WRITE(numout,*) 'ice_alb_init: set albedo parameters' |
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| 206 | WRITE(numout,*) '~~~~~~~~~~~~' |
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| 207 | WRITE(numout,*) ' Namelist namalb:' |
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| 208 | WRITE(numout,*) ' albedo of dry snow rn_alb_sdry = ', rn_alb_sdry |
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| 209 | WRITE(numout,*) ' albedo of melting snow rn_alb_smlt = ', rn_alb_smlt |
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| 210 | WRITE(numout,*) ' albedo of dry ice rn_alb_idry = ', rn_alb_idry |
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| 211 | WRITE(numout,*) ' albedo of bare puddled ice rn_alb_imlt = ', rn_alb_imlt |
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| 212 | WRITE(numout,*) ' albedo of ponded ice rn_alb_dpnd = ', rn_alb_dpnd |
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| 213 | WRITE(numout,*) ' pivotal ice thickness (m) rn_alb_hpiv = ', rn_alb_hpiv |
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| 214 | ENDIF |
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| 215 | ! |
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| 216 | END SUBROUTINE ice_alb_init |
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| 217 | |
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| 218 | #else |
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| 219 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 220 | !! Default option Dummy module NO SI3 sea-ice model |
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| 221 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 222 | #endif |
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| 223 | |
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| 224 | !!====================================================================== |
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| 225 | END MODULE icealb |
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