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sbcblk_core.F90 in branches/2012/dev_r3438_LOCEAN15_PISLOB/NEMOGCM/NEMO/OPA_SRC/SBC – NEMO

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source: branches/2012/dev_r3438_LOCEAN15_PISLOB/NEMOGCM/NEMO/OPA_SRC/SBC/sbcblk_core.F90 @ 3556

Last change on this file since 3556 was 3556, checked in by cetlod, 11 years ago
branch:2012/dev_r3438_LOCEAN15_PISLOB add the Tropical Cyclones module
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 54.5 KB

Line
1	MODULE sbcblk_core
2	!!======================================================================
3	!! * MODULE sbcblk_core *
4	!! Ocean forcing: momentum, heat and freshwater flux formulation
5	!!=====================================================================
6	!! History : 1.0 ! 2004-08 (U. Schweckendiek) Original code
7	!! 2.0 ! 2005-04 (L. Brodeau, A.M. Treguier) additions:
8	!! - new bulk routine for efficiency
9	!! - WINDS ARE NOW ASSUMED TO BE AT T POINTS in input files !!!!
10	!! - file names and file characteristics in namelist
11	!! - Implement reading of 6-hourly fields
12	!! 3.0 ! 2006-06 (G. Madec) sbc rewritting
13	!! - ! 2006-12 (L. Brodeau) Original code for TURB_CORE_2Z
14	!! 3.2 ! 2009-04 (B. Lemaire) Introduce iom_put
15	!! 3.3 ! 2010-10 (S. Masson) add diurnal cycle
16	!! 3.4 ! 2011-11 (C. Harris) Fill arrays required by CICE
17	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
18
19	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
20	!! sbc_blk_core : bulk formulation as ocean surface boundary condition
21	!! (forced mode, CORE bulk formulea)
22	!! blk_oce_core : ocean: computes momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes
23	!! blk_ice_core : ice : computes momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes
24	!! turb_core : computes the CORE turbulent transfer coefficients
25	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
26	USE oce ! ocean dynamics and tracers
27	USE dom_oce ! ocean space and time domain
28	USE phycst ! physical constants
29	USE fldread ! read input fields
30	USE sbc_oce ! Surface boundary condition: ocean fields
31	USE cyclone ! Cyclone 10m wind form trac of cyclone centres
32	USE sbcdcy ! surface boundary condition: diurnal cycle
33	USE iom ! I/O manager library
34	USE in_out_manager ! I/O manager
35	USE lib_mpp ! distribued memory computing library
36	USE wrk_nemo ! work arrays
37	USE timing ! Timing
38	USE lbclnk ! ocean lateral boundary conditions (or mpp link)
39	USE prtctl ! Print control
40	USE sbcwave,ONLY : cdn_wave !wave module
41	#if defined key_lim3 \|\| defined key_cice
42	USE sbc_ice ! Surface boundary condition: ice fields
43	#endif
44
45	IMPLICIT NONE
46	PRIVATE
47
48	PUBLIC sbc_blk_core ! routine called in sbcmod module
49	PUBLIC blk_ice_core ! routine called in sbc_ice_lim module
50	PUBLIC turb_core_2z ! routine calles in sbcblk_mfs module
51
52	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jpfld = 9 ! maximum number of files to read
53	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_wndi = 1 ! index of 10m wind velocity (i-component) (m/s) at T-point
54	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_wndj = 2 ! index of 10m wind velocity (j-component) (m/s) at T-point
55	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_humi = 3 ! index of specific humidity ( - )
56	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_qsr = 4 ! index of solar heat (W/m2)
57	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_qlw = 5 ! index of Long wave (W/m2)
58	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_tair = 6 ! index of 10m air temperature (Kelvin)
59	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_prec = 7 ! index of total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s)
60	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_snow = 8 ! index of snow (solid prcipitation) (kg/m2/s)
61	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_tdif = 9 ! index of tau diff associated to HF tau (N/m2) at T-point
62
63	TYPE(FLD), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! structure of input fields (file informations, fields read)
64
65	! !!! CORE bulk parameters
66	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: rhoa = 1.22 ! air density
67	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: cpa = 1000.5 ! specific heat of air
68	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Lv = 2.5e6 ! latent heat of vaporization
69	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Ls = 2.839e6 ! latent heat of sublimation
70	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Stef = 5.67e-8 ! Stefan Boltzmann constant
71	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Cice = 1.63e-3 ! transfer coefficient over ice
72	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: albo = 0.066 ! ocean albedo assumed to be contant
73
74	! !!* Namelist namsbc_core : CORE bulk parameters
75	LOGICAL :: ln_2m = .FALSE. ! logical flag for height of air temp. and hum
76	LOGICAL :: ln_taudif = .FALSE. ! logical flag to use the "mean of stress module - module of mean stress" data
77	REAL(wp) :: rn_pfac = 1. ! multiplication factor for precipitation
78
79	!! * Substitutions
80	# include "domzgr_substitute.h90"
81	# include "vectopt_loop_substitute.h90"
82	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
83	!! NEMO/OPA 3.3 , NEMO-consortium (2010)
84	!! $Id$
85	!! Software governed by the CeCILL licence (NEMOGCM/NEMO_CeCILL.txt)
86	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
87	CONTAINS
88
89	SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_core( kt )
90	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
91	!! * ROUTINE sbc_blk_core *
92	!!
93	!! ** Purpose : provide at each time step the surface ocean fluxes
94	!! (momentum, heat, freshwater and runoff)
95	!!
96	!! ** Method : (1) READ each fluxes in NetCDF files:
97	!! the 10m wind velocity (i-component) (m/s) at T-point
98	!! the 10m wind velocity (j-component) (m/s) at T-point
99	!! the specific humidity ( - )
100	!! the solar heat (W/m2)
101	!! the Long wave (W/m2)
102	!! the 10m air temperature (Kelvin)
103	!! the total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s)
104	!! the snow (solid prcipitation) (kg/m2/s)
105	!! OPTIONAL parameter (see ln_taudif namelist flag):
106	!! the tau diff associated to HF tau (N/m2) at T-point
107	!! (2) CALL blk_oce_core
108	!!
109	!! C A U T I O N : never mask the surface stress fields
110	!! the stress is assumed to be in the mesh referential
111	!! i.e. the (i,j) referential
112	!!
113	!! ** Action : defined at each time-step at the air-sea interface
114	!! - utau, vtau i- and j-component of the wind stress
115	!! - taum wind stress module at T-point
116	!! - wndm 10m wind module at T-point
117	!! - qns, qsr non-slor and solar heat flux
118	!! - emp, emps evaporation minus precipitation
119	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
120	INTEGER, INTENT(in) :: kt ! ocean time step
121	!!
122	INTEGER :: ierror ! return error code
123	INTEGER :: ifpr ! dummy loop indice
124	INTEGER :: jfld ! dummy loop arguments
125	!!
126	CHARACTER(len=100) :: cn_dir ! Root directory for location of core files
127	TYPE(FLD_N), DIMENSION(jpfld) :: slf_i ! array of namelist informations on the fields to read
128	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_wndi, sn_wndj, sn_humi, sn_qsr ! informations about the fields to be read
129	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_qlw , sn_tair, sn_prec, sn_snow ! " "
130	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_tdif ! " "
131	NAMELIST/namsbc_core/ cn_dir , ln_2m , ln_taudif, rn_pfac, &
132	& sn_wndi, sn_wndj, sn_humi , sn_qsr , &
133	& sn_qlw , sn_tair, sn_prec , sn_snow, sn_tdif
134	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
135
136	! ! ====================== !
137	IF( kt == nit000 ) THEN ! First call kt=nit000 !
138	! ! ====================== !
139	! set file information (default values)
140	cn_dir = './' ! directory in which the model is executed
141	!
142	! (NB: frequency positive => hours, negative => months)
143	! ! file ! frequency ! variable ! time intep ! clim ! 'yearly' or ! weights ! rotation !
144	! ! name ! (hours) ! name ! (T/F) ! (T/F) ! 'monthly' ! filename ! pairs !
145	sn_wndi = FLD_N( 'uwnd10m', 24 , 'u_10' , .false. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
146	sn_wndj = FLD_N( 'vwnd10m', 24 , 'v_10' , .false. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
147	sn_qsr = FLD_N( 'qsw' , 24 , 'qsw' , .false. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
148	sn_qlw = FLD_N( 'qlw' , 24 , 'qlw' , .false. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
149	sn_tair = FLD_N( 'tair10m', 24 , 't_10' , .false. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
150	sn_humi = FLD_N( 'humi10m', 24 , 'q_10' , .false. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
151	sn_prec = FLD_N( 'precip' , -1 , 'precip' , .true. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
152	sn_snow = FLD_N( 'snow' , -1 , 'snow' , .true. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
153	sn_tdif = FLD_N( 'taudif' , 24 , 'taudif' , .true. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
154	!
155	REWIND( numnam ) ! read in namlist namsbc_core
156	READ ( numnam, namsbc_core )
157	! ! check: do we plan to use ln_dm2dc with non-daily forcing?
158	IF( ln_dm2dc .AND. sn_qsr%nfreqh /= 24 ) &
159	& CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_core: ln_dm2dc can be activated only with daily short-wave forcing' )
160	IF( ln_dm2dc .AND. sn_qsr%ln_tint ) THEN
161	CALL ctl_warn( 'sbc_blk_core: ln_dm2dc is taking care of the temporal interpolation of daily qsr', &
162	& ' ==> We force time interpolation = .false. for qsr' )
163	sn_qsr%ln_tint = .false.
164	ENDIF
165	! ! store namelist information in an array
166	slf_i(jp_wndi) = sn_wndi ; slf_i(jp_wndj) = sn_wndj
167	slf_i(jp_qsr ) = sn_qsr ; slf_i(jp_qlw ) = sn_qlw
168	slf_i(jp_tair) = sn_tair ; slf_i(jp_humi) = sn_humi
169	slf_i(jp_prec) = sn_prec ; slf_i(jp_snow) = sn_snow
170	slf_i(jp_tdif) = sn_tdif
171	!
172	lhftau = ln_taudif ! do we use HF tau information?
173	jfld = jpfld - COUNT( (/.NOT. lhftau/) )
174	!
175	ALLOCATE( sf(jfld), STAT=ierror ) ! set sf structure
176	IF( ierror > 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk_core: unable to allocate sf structure' )
177	DO ifpr= 1, jfld
178	ALLOCATE( sf(ifpr)%fnow(jpi,jpj,1) )
179	IF( slf_i(ifpr)%ln_tint ) ALLOCATE( sf(ifpr)%fdta(jpi,jpj,1,2) )
180	END DO
181	! ! fill sf with slf_i and control print
182	CALL fld_fill( sf, slf_i, cn_dir, 'sbc_blk_core', 'flux formulation for ocean surface boundary condition', 'namsbc_core' )
183	!
184	ENDIF
185
186	CALL fld_read( kt, nn_fsbc, sf ) ! input fields provided at the current time-step
187
188	! ! surface ocean fluxes computed with CLIO bulk formulea
189	IF( MOD( kt - 1, nn_fsbc ) == 0 ) CALL blk_oce_core( kt, sf, sst_m, ssu_m, ssv_m )
190
191	#if defined key_cice
192	IF( MOD( kt - 1, nn_fsbc ) == 0 ) THEN
193	qlw_ice(:,:,1) = sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(:,:,1)
194	qsr_ice(:,:,1) = sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1)
195	tatm_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1)
196	qatm_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1)
197	tprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac
198	sprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac
199	wndi_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(:,:,1)
200	wndj_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(:,:,1)
201	ENDIF
202	#endif
203	!
204	END SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_core
205
206
207	SUBROUTINE blk_oce_core( kt, sf, pst, pu, pv )
208	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
209	!! * ROUTINE blk_core *
210	!!
211	!! ** Purpose : provide the momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes at
212	!! the ocean surface at each time step
213	!!
214	!! ** Method : CORE bulk formulea for the ocean using atmospheric
215	!! fields read in sbc_read
216	!!
217	!! ** Outputs : - utau : i-component of the stress at U-point (N/m2)
218	!! - vtau : j-component of the stress at V-point (N/m2)
219	!! - taum : Wind stress module at T-point (N/m2)
220	!! - wndm : Wind speed module at T-point (m/s)
221	!! - qsr : Solar heat flux over the ocean (W/m2)
222	!! - qns : Non Solar heat flux over the ocean (W/m2)
223	!! - evap : Evaporation over the ocean (kg/m2/s)
224	!! - emp(s) : evaporation minus precipitation (kg/m2/s)
225	!!
226	!! ** Nota : sf has to be a dummy argument for AGRIF on NEC
227	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
228	INTEGER , INTENT(in ) :: kt ! time step index
229	TYPE(fld), INTENT(inout), DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! input data
230	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pst ! surface temperature [Celcius]
231	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pu ! surface current at U-point (i-component) [m/s]
232	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pv ! surface current at V-point (j-component) [m/s]
233	!
234	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
235	REAL(wp) :: zcoef_qsatw, zztmp ! local variable
236	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zwnd_i, zwnd_j ! wind speed components at T-point
237	#if defined key_cyclone
238	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: ztmask_tc ! mask = 1 where TC are added
239	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: ztcmask_qns ! total non-solar heat flux within TC footprints
240	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: ztcmask_qnsneg ! negative part of non-solar heat flux within TC footprints
241	#endif
242	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zqsatw ! specific humidity at pst
243	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zqlw, zqsb ! long wave and sensible heat fluxes
244	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zqla, zevap ! latent heat fluxes and evaporation
245	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Cd ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
246	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ch ! transfer coefficient for sensible heat (Q_sens)
247	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ce ! tansfert coefficient for evaporation (Q_lat)
248	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zst ! surface temperature in Kelvin
249	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zt_zu ! air temperature at wind speed height
250	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zq_zu ! air spec. hum. at wind speed height
251	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
252	!
253	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_oce_core')
254	!
255	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zwnd_i, zwnd_j, zqsatw, zqlw, zqsb, zqla, zevap )
256	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, Cd, Ch, Ce, zst, zt_zu, zq_zu )
257	!
258	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
259	zcoef_qsatw = 0.98 * 640380. / rhoa
260
261	zst(:,:) = pst(:,:) + rt0 ! converte Celcius to Kelvin (and set minimum value far above 0 K)
262
263	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
264	! 0 Wind components and module at T-point relative to the moving ocean !
265	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
266
267	! ... components ( U10m - U_oce ) at T-point (unmasked)
268	zwnd_i(:,:) = 0.e0
269	zwnd_j(:,:) = 0.e0
270
271	#if defined key_cyclone
272	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi, jpj, ztmask_tc, ztcmask_qns, ztcmask_qnsneg )
273	# if defined key_vectopt_loop
274	!CDIR COLLAPSE
275	# endif
276	CALL wnd_cyc( kt, zwnd_i, zwnd_j, ztmask_tc ) ! add Manu !
277	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
278	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
279	sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) + zwnd_i(ji,jj)
280	sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) + zwnd_j(ji,jj)
281	END DO
282	END DO
283	#endif
284
285	#if defined key_vectopt_loop
286	!CDIR COLLAPSE
287	#endif
288	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
289	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
290	zwnd_i(ji,jj) = ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - 0.5 * ( pu(ji-1,jj ) + pu(ji,jj) ) )
291	zwnd_j(ji,jj) = ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - 0.5 * ( pv(ji ,jj-1) + pv(ji,jj) ) )
292	END DO
293	END DO
294	CALL lbc_lnk( zwnd_i(:,:) , 'T', -1. )
295	CALL lbc_lnk( zwnd_j(:,:) , 'T', -1. )
296	! ... scalar wind ( = \| U10m - U_oce \| ) at T-point (masked)
297	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
298	!CDIR COLLAPSE
299	wndm(:,:) = SQRT( zwnd_i(:,:) * zwnd_i(:,:) &
300	& + zwnd_j(:,:) * zwnd_j(:,:) ) * tmask(:,:,1)
301
302	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
303	! I Radiative FLUXES !
304	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
305
306	! ocean albedo assumed to be constant + modify now Qsr to include the diurnal cycle ! Short Wave
307	zztmp = 1. - albo
308	IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN ; qsr(:,:) = zztmp * sbc_dcy( sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * tmask(:,:,1)
309	ELSE ; qsr(:,:) = zztmp * sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) * tmask(:,:,1)
310	ENDIF
311	!CDIR COLLAPSE
312	zqlw(:,:) = ( sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(:,:,1) - Stef * zst(:,:)zst(:,:)zst(:,:)zst(:,:) ) tmask(:,:,1) ! Long Wave
313	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
314	! II Turbulent FLUXES !
315	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
316
317	! ... specific humidity at SST and IST
318	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
319	!CDIR COLLAPSE
320	zqsatw(:,:) = zcoef_qsatw * EXP( -5107.4 / zst(:,:) )
321
322	! ... NCAR Bulk formulae, computation of Cd, Ch, Ce at T-point :
323	IF( ln_2m ) THEN
324	!! If air temp. and spec. hum. are given at different height (2m) than wind (10m) :
325	CALL TURB_CORE_2Z(2.,10., zst , sf(jp_tair)%fnow, &
326	& zqsatw, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, &
327	& Cd , Ch , Ce , &
328	& zt_zu , zq_zu )
329	ELSE
330	!! If air temp. and spec. hum. are given at same height than wind (10m) :
331	!gm bug? at the compiling phase, add a copy in temporary arrays... ==> check perf
332	! CALL TURB_CORE_1Z( 10., zst (:,:), sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:), &
333	! & zqsatw(:,:), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:), wndm(:,:), &
334	! & Cd (:,:), Ch (:,:), Ce (:,:) )
335	!gm bug
336	! ARPDBG - this won't compile with gfortran. Fix but check performance
337	! as per comment above.
338	CALL TURB_CORE_1Z( 10., zst , sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), &
339	& zqsatw, sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1), wndm, &
340	& Cd , Ch , Ce )
341	ENDIF
342
343	! ... tau module, i and j component
344	DO jj = 1, jpj
345	DO ji = 1, jpi
346	zztmp = rhoa * wndm(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj)
347	taum (ji,jj) = zztmp * wndm (ji,jj)
348	zwnd_i(ji,jj) = zztmp * zwnd_i(ji,jj)
349	zwnd_j(ji,jj) = zztmp * zwnd_j(ji,jj)
350	END DO
351	END DO
352
353	! ... add the HF tau contribution to the wind stress module?
354	IF( lhftau ) THEN
355	!CDIR COLLAPSE
356	taum(:,:) = taum(:,:) + sf(jp_tdif)%fnow(:,:,1)
357	ENDIF
358	CALL iom_put( "taum_oce", taum ) ! output wind stress module
359
360	! ... utau, vtau at U- and V_points, resp.
361	! Note the use of 0.5*(2-umask) in order to unmask the stress along coastlines
362	DO jj = 1, jpjm1
363	DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1
364	utau(ji,jj) = 0.5 * ( 2. - umask(ji,jj,1) ) * ( zwnd_i(ji,jj) + zwnd_i(ji+1,jj ) )
365	vtau(ji,jj) = 0.5 * ( 2. - vmask(ji,jj,1) ) * ( zwnd_j(ji,jj) + zwnd_j(ji ,jj+1) )
366	END DO
367	END DO
368	CALL lbc_lnk( utau(:,:), 'U', -1. )
369	CALL lbc_lnk( vtau(:,:), 'V', -1. )
370
371	! Turbulent fluxes over ocean
372	! -----------------------------
373	IF( ln_2m ) THEN
374	! Values of temp. and hum. adjusted to 10m must be used instead of 2m values
375	zevap(:,:) = MAX( 0.e0, rhoa Ce(:,:)( zqsatw(:,:) - zq_zu(:,:) ) * wndm(:,:) ) ! Evaporation
376	zqsb (:,:) = rhoacpaCh(:,:)( zst (:,:) - zt_zu(:,:) ) wndm(:,:) ! Sensible Heat
377	ELSE
378	!CDIR COLLAPSE
379	zevap(:,:) = MAX( 0.e0, rhoa Ce(:,:)( zqsatw(:,:) - sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * wndm(:,:) ) ! Evaporation
380	!CDIR COLLAPSE
381	zqsb (:,:) = rhoacpaCh(:,:)( zst (:,:) - sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) ) wndm(:,:) ! Sensible Heat
382	ENDIF
383	!CDIR COLLAPSE
384	zqla (:,:) = Lv * zevap(:,:) ! Latent Heat
385
386	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
387	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqla , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqla : ', tab2d_2=Ce , clinfo2=' Ce : ' )
388	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqsb , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqsb : ', tab2d_2=Ch , clinfo2=' Ch : ' )
389	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqlw , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqlw : ', tab2d_2=qsr, clinfo2=' qsr : ' )
390	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqsatw, clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqsatw : ', tab2d_2=zst, clinfo2=' zst : ' )
391	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=utau , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: utau : ', mask1=umask, &
392	& tab2d_2=vtau , clinfo2= ' vtau : ' , mask2=vmask )
393	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=wndm , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: wndm : ')
394	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zst , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zst : ')
395	ENDIF
396
397	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
398	! III Total FLUXES !
399	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
400
401	!CDIR COLLAPSE
402	qns(:,:) = zqlw(:,:) - zqsb(:,:) - zqla(:,:) ! Downward Non Solar flux
403	!CDIR COLLAPSE
404	emp(:,:) = zevap(:,:) - sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac * tmask(:,:,1)
405	!CDIR COLLAPSE
406	emps(:,:) = emp(:,:)
407	!
408	CALL iom_put( "qlw_oce", zqlw ) ! output downward longwave heat over the ocean
409	CALL iom_put( "qsb_oce", - zqsb ) ! output downward sensible heat over the ocean
410	CALL iom_put( "qla_oce", - zqla ) ! output downward latent heat over the ocean
411	CALL iom_put( "qns_oce", qns ) ! output downward non solar heat over the ocean
412	!
413	#if defined key_cyclone
414	ztcmask_qns(:,:) = qns(:,:) * ztmask_tc(:,:)
415	ztcmask_qnsneg(:,:) = MIN( qns(:,:) , 0.e0 ) * ztmask_tc(:,:) ! MAX/MIN sur tableau 2D ??
416	CALL iom_put( "qns_tcmask", ztcmask_qns ) ! output downward non solar heat over the ocean within TC footprints
417	CALL iom_put( "qns_tcneg", ztcmask_qnsneg ) ! output downward non solar heat over the ocean negative part only
418	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi, jpj, ztmask_tc, ztcmask_qns, ztcmask_qnsneg )
419	#endif
420	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
421	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqsb , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqsb : ', tab2d_2=zqlw , clinfo2=' zqlw : ')
422	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqla , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqla : ', tab2d_2=qsr , clinfo2=' qsr : ')
423	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=pst , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: pst : ', tab2d_2=emp , clinfo2=' emp : ')
424	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=utau , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: utau : ', mask1=umask, &
425	& tab2d_2=vtau , clinfo2= ' vtau : ' , mask2=vmask )
426	ENDIF
427	!
428	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, zwnd_i, zwnd_j, zqsatw, zqlw, zqsb, zqla, zevap )
429	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, Cd, Ch, Ce, zst, zt_zu, zq_zu )
430	!
431	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_oce_core')
432	!
433	END SUBROUTINE blk_oce_core
434
435
436	SUBROUTINE blk_ice_core( pst , pui , pvi , palb , &
437	& p_taui, p_tauj, p_qns , p_qsr, &
438	& p_qla , p_dqns, p_dqla, &
439	& p_tpr , p_spr , &
440	& p_fr1 , p_fr2 , cd_grid, pdim )
441	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
442	!! * ROUTINE blk_ice_core *
443	!!
444	!! ** Purpose : provide the surface boundary condition over sea-ice
445	!!
446	!! ** Method : compute momentum, heat and freshwater exchanged
447	!! between atmosphere and sea-ice using CORE bulk
448	!! formulea, ice variables and read atmmospheric fields.
449	!! NB: ice drag coefficient is assumed to be a constant
450	!!
451	!! caution : the net upward water flux has with mm/day unit
452	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
453	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in ) :: pst ! ice surface temperature (>0, =rt0 over land) [Kelvin]
454	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT(in ) :: pui ! ice surface velocity (i- and i- components [m/s]
455	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT(in ) :: pvi ! at I-point (B-grid) or U & V-point (C-grid)
456	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in ) :: palb ! ice albedo (clear sky) (alb_ice_cs) [%]
457	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_taui ! i- & j-components of surface ice stress [N/m2]
458	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_tauj ! at I-point (B-grid) or U & V-point (C-grid)
459	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_qns ! non solar heat flux over ice (T-point) [W/m2]
460	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_qsr ! solar heat flux over ice (T-point) [W/m2]
461	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_qla ! latent heat flux over ice (T-point) [W/m2]
462	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_dqns ! non solar heat sensistivity (T-point) [W/m2]
463	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_dqla ! latent heat sensistivity (T-point) [W/m2]
464	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_tpr ! total precipitation (T-point) [Kg/m2/s]
465	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_spr ! solid precipitation (T-point) [Kg/m2/s]
466	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_fr1 ! 1sr fraction of qsr penetration in ice (T-point) [%]
467	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_fr2 ! 2nd fraction of qsr penetration in ice (T-point) [%]
468	CHARACTER(len=1) , INTENT(in ) :: cd_grid ! ice grid ( C or B-grid)
469	INTEGER , INTENT(in ) :: pdim ! number of ice categories
470	!!
471	INTEGER :: ji, jj, jl ! dummy loop indices
472	INTEGER :: ijpl ! number of ice categories (size of 3rd dim of input arrays)
473	REAL(wp) :: zst2, zst3
474	REAL(wp) :: zcoef_wnorm, zcoef_wnorm2, zcoef_dqlw, zcoef_dqla, zcoef_dqsb
475	REAL(wp) :: zztmp ! temporary variable
476	REAL(wp) :: zcoef_frca ! fractional cloud amount
477	REAL(wp) :: zwnorm_f, zwndi_f , zwndj_f ! relative wind module and components at F-point
478	REAL(wp) :: zwndi_t , zwndj_t ! relative wind components at T-point
479	!!
480	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: z_wnds_t ! wind speed ( = \| U10m - U_ice \| ) at T-point
481	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_qlw ! long wave heat flux over ice
482	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_qsb ! sensible heat flux over ice
483	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_dqlw ! long wave heat sensitivity over ice
484	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_dqsb ! sensible heat sensitivity over ice
485	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
486	!
487	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_ice_core')
488	!
489	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, z_wnds_t )
490	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj,pdim, z_qlw, z_qsb, z_dqlw, z_dqsb )
491
492	ijpl = pdim ! number of ice categories
493
494	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
495	zcoef_wnorm = rhoa * Cice
496	zcoef_wnorm2 = rhoa * Cice * 0.5
497	zcoef_dqlw = 4.0 * 0.95 * Stef
498	zcoef_dqla = -Ls * Cice * 11637800. * (-5897.8)
499	zcoef_dqsb = rhoa * cpa * Cice
500	zcoef_frca = 1.0 - 0.3
501
502	!!gm brutal....
503	z_wnds_t(:,:) = 0.e0
504	p_taui (:,:) = 0.e0
505	p_tauj (:,:) = 0.e0
506	!!gm end
507
508	#if defined key_lim3
509	tatm_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) ! LIM3: make Tair available in sea-ice. WARNING allocated after call to ice_init
510	#endif
511	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
512	! Wind components and module relative to the moving ocean ( U10m - U_ice ) !
513	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
514	SELECT CASE( cd_grid )
515	CASE( 'I' ) ! B-grid ice dynamics : I-point (i.e. F-point with sea-ice indexation)
516	! and scalar wind at T-point ( = \| U10m - U_ice \| ) (masked)
517	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
518	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
519	DO ji = 2, jpim1 ! B grid : NO vector opt
520	! ... scalar wind at I-point (fld being at T-point)
521	zwndi_f = 0.25 * ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji-1,jj ,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji ,jj ,1) &
522	& + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji-1,jj-1,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji ,jj-1,1) ) - pui(ji,jj)
523	zwndj_f = 0.25 * ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji-1,jj ,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji ,jj ,1) &
524	& + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji-1,jj-1,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji ,jj-1,1) ) - pvi(ji,jj)
525	zwnorm_f = zcoef_wnorm * SQRT( zwndi_f * zwndi_f + zwndj_f * zwndj_f )
526	! ... ice stress at I-point
527	p_taui(ji,jj) = zwnorm_f * zwndi_f
528	p_tauj(ji,jj) = zwnorm_f * zwndj_f
529	! ... scalar wind at T-point (fld being at T-point)
530	zwndi_t = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - 0.25 * ( pui(ji,jj+1) + pui(ji+1,jj+1) &
531	& + pui(ji,jj ) + pui(ji+1,jj ) )
532	zwndj_t = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - 0.25 * ( pvi(ji,jj+1) + pvi(ji+1,jj+1) &
533	& + pvi(ji,jj ) + pvi(ji+1,jj ) )
534	z_wnds_t(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwndi_t * zwndi_t + zwndj_t * zwndj_t ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
535	END DO
536	END DO
537	CALL lbc_lnk( p_taui , 'I', -1. )
538	CALL lbc_lnk( p_tauj , 'I', -1. )
539	CALL lbc_lnk( z_wnds_t, 'T', 1. )
540	!
541	CASE( 'C' ) ! C-grid ice dynamics : U & V-points (same as ocean)
542	#if defined key_vectopt_loop
543	!CDIR COLLAPSE
544	#endif
545	DO jj = 2, jpj
546	DO ji = fs_2, jpi ! vect. opt.
547	zwndi_t = ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - 0.5 * ( pui(ji-1,jj ) + pui(ji,jj) ) )
548	zwndj_t = ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - 0.5 * ( pvi(ji ,jj-1) + pvi(ji,jj) ) )
549	z_wnds_t(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwndi_t * zwndi_t + zwndj_t * zwndj_t ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
550	END DO
551	END DO
552	#if defined key_vectopt_loop
553	!CDIR COLLAPSE
554	#endif
555	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
556	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
557	p_taui(ji,jj) = zcoef_wnorm2 * ( z_wnds_t(ji+1,jj ) + z_wnds_t(ji,jj) ) &
558	& * ( 0.5 * (sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji+1,jj,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) - pui(ji,jj) )
559	p_tauj(ji,jj) = zcoef_wnorm2 * ( z_wnds_t(ji,jj+1 ) + z_wnds_t(ji,jj) ) &
560	& * ( 0.5 * (sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj+1,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) - pvi(ji,jj) )
561	END DO
562	END DO
563	CALL lbc_lnk( p_taui , 'U', -1. )
564	CALL lbc_lnk( p_tauj , 'V', -1. )
565	CALL lbc_lnk( z_wnds_t, 'T', 1. )
566	!
567	END SELECT
568
569	zztmp = 1. / ( 1. - albo )
570	! ! ========================== !
571	DO jl = 1, ijpl ! Loop over ice categories !
572	! ! ========================== !
573	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
574	!CDIR COLLAPSE
575	DO jj = 1 , jpj
576	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
577	DO ji = 1, jpi
578	! ----------------------------!
579	! I Radiative FLUXES !
580	! ----------------------------!
581	zst2 = pst(ji,jj,jl) * pst(ji,jj,jl)
582	zst3 = pst(ji,jj,jl) * zst2
583	! Short Wave (sw)
584	p_qsr(ji,jj,jl) = zztmp * ( 1. - palb(ji,jj,jl) ) * qsr(ji,jj)
585	! Long Wave (lw)
586	z_qlw(ji,jj,jl) = 0.95 * ( sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - Stef * pst(ji,jj,jl) * zst3 ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
587	! lw sensitivity
588	z_dqlw(ji,jj,jl) = zcoef_dqlw * zst3
589
590	! ----------------------------!
591	! II Turbulent FLUXES !
592	! ----------------------------!
593
594	! ... turbulent heat fluxes
595	! Sensible Heat
596	z_qsb(ji,jj,jl) = rhoa * cpa * Cice * z_wnds_t(ji,jj) * ( pst(ji,jj,jl) - sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1) )
597	! Latent Heat
598	p_qla(ji,jj,jl) = MAX( 0.e0, rhoa * Ls * Cice * z_wnds_t(ji,jj) &
599	& * ( 11637800. * EXP( -5897.8 / pst(ji,jj,jl) ) / rhoa - sf(jp_humi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) )
600	! Latent heat sensitivity for ice (Dqla/Dt)
601	p_dqla(ji,jj,jl) = zcoef_dqla * z_wnds_t(ji,jj) / ( zst2 ) * EXP( -5897.8 / pst(ji,jj,jl) )
602	! Sensible heat sensitivity (Dqsb_ice/Dtn_ice)
603	z_dqsb(ji,jj,jl) = zcoef_dqsb * z_wnds_t(ji,jj)
604
605	! ----------------------------!
606	! III Total FLUXES !
607	! ----------------------------!
608	! Downward Non Solar flux
609	p_qns (ji,jj,jl) = z_qlw (ji,jj,jl) - z_qsb (ji,jj,jl) - p_qla (ji,jj,jl)
610	! Total non solar heat flux sensitivity for ice
611	p_dqns(ji,jj,jl) = - ( z_dqlw(ji,jj,jl) + z_dqsb(ji,jj,jl) + p_dqla(ji,jj,jl) )
612	END DO
613	!
614	END DO
615	!
616	END DO
617	!
618	!--------------------------------------------------------------------
619	! FRACTIONs of net shortwave radiation which is not absorbed in the
620	! thin surface layer and penetrates inside the ice cover
621	! ( Maykut and Untersteiner, 1971 ; Ebert and Curry, 1993 )
622
623	!CDIR COLLAPSE
624	p_fr1(:,:) = ( 0.18 * ( 1.0 - zcoef_frca ) + 0.35 * zcoef_frca )
625	!CDIR COLLAPSE
626	p_fr2(:,:) = ( 0.82 * ( 1.0 - zcoef_frca ) + 0.65 * zcoef_frca )
627
628	!CDIR COLLAPSE
629	p_tpr(:,:) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ! total precipitation [kg/m2/s]
630	!CDIR COLLAPSE
631	p_spr(:,:) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ! solid precipitation [kg/m2/s]
632	CALL iom_put( 'snowpre', p_spr ) ! Snow precipitation
633	!
634	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
635	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=p_qla , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: p_qla : ', tab3d_2=z_qsb , clinfo2=' z_qsb : ', kdim=ijpl)
636	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_qlw , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: z_qlw : ', tab3d_2=p_dqla , clinfo2=' p_dqla : ', kdim=ijpl)
637	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_dqsb , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: z_dqsb : ', tab3d_2=z_dqlw , clinfo2=' z_dqlw : ', kdim=ijpl)
638	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=p_dqns , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: p_dqns : ', tab3d_2=p_qsr , clinfo2=' p_qsr : ', kdim=ijpl)
639	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=pst , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: pst : ', tab3d_2=p_qns , clinfo2=' p_qns : ', kdim=ijpl)
640	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=p_tpr , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: p_tpr : ', tab2d_2=p_spr , clinfo2=' p_spr : ')
641	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=p_taui , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: p_taui : ', tab2d_2=p_tauj , clinfo2=' p_tauj : ')
642	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=z_wnds_t, clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: z_wnds_t : ')
643	ENDIF
644
645	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, z_wnds_t )
646	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj,pdim, z_qlw, z_qsb, z_dqlw, z_dqsb )
647	!
648	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_ice_core')
649	!
650	END SUBROUTINE blk_ice_core
651
652
653	SUBROUTINE TURB_CORE_1Z(zu, sst, T_a, q_sat, q_a, &
654	& dU , Cd , Ch , Ce )
655	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
656	!! * ROUTINE turb_core *
657	!!
658	!! ** Purpose : Computes turbulent transfert coefficients of surface
659	!! fluxes according to Large & Yeager (2004)
660	!!
661	!! ** Method : I N E R T I A L D I S S I P A T I O N M E T H O D
662	!! Momentum, Latent and sensible heat exchange coefficients
663	!! Caution: this procedure should only be used in cases when air
664	!! temperature (T_air), air specific humidity (q_air) and wind (dU)
665	!! are provided at the same height 'zzu'!
666	!!
667	!! References : Large & Yeager, 2004 : ???
668	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
669	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in ) :: zu ! altitude of wind measurement [m]
670	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: sst ! sea surface temperature [Kelvin]
671	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: T_a ! potential air temperature [Kelvin]
672	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: q_sat ! sea surface specific humidity [kg/kg]
673	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: q_a ! specific air humidity [kg/kg]
674	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: dU ! wind module \|U(zu)-U(0)\| [m/s]
675	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT( out) :: Cd ! transfert coefficient for momentum (tau)
676	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT( out) :: Ch ! transfert coefficient for temperature (Q_sens)
677	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT( out) :: Ce ! transfert coefficient for evaporation (Q_lat)
678	!!
679	INTEGER :: j_itt
680	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: nb_itt = 3
681	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: grav = 9.8 ! gravity
682	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: kappa = 0.4 ! von Karman s constant
683
684	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: dU10 ! dU [m/s]
685	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: dT ! air/sea temperature differeence [K]
686	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: dq ! air/sea humidity difference [K]
687	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Cd_n10 ! 10m neutral drag coefficient
688	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ce_n10 ! 10m neutral latent coefficient
689	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ch_n10 ! 10m neutral sensible coefficient
690	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: sqrt_Cd_n10 ! root square of Cd_n10
691	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: sqrt_Cd ! root square of Cd
692	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: T_vpot ! virtual potential temperature [K]
693	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: T_star ! turbulent scale of tem. fluct.
694	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: q_star ! turbulent humidity of temp. fluct.
695	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: U_star ! turb. scale of velocity fluct.
696	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: L ! Monin-Obukov length [m]
697	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zeta ! stability parameter at height zu
698	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: U_n10 ! neutral wind velocity at 10m [m]
699	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: xlogt, xct, zpsi_h, zpsi_m
700
701	INTEGER , DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: stab ! 1st guess stability test integer
702	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
703	!
704	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('TURB_CORE_1Z')
705	!
706	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, stab ) ! integer
707	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, dU10, dT, dq, Cd_n10, Ce_n10, Ch_n10, sqrt_Cd_n10, sqrt_Cd, L )
708	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, T_vpot, T_star, q_star, U_star, zeta, U_n10, xlogt, xct, zpsi_h, zpsi_m )
709
710	!! * Start
711	!! Air/sea differences
712	dU10 = max(0.5, dU) ! we don't want to fall under 0.5 m/s
713	dT = T_a - sst ! assuming that T_a is allready the potential temp. at zzu
714	dq = q_a - q_sat
715	!!
716	!! Virtual potential temperature
717	T_vpot = T_a(1. + 0.608q_a)
718	!!
719	!! Neutral Drag Coefficient
720	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,dT) ! stable : stab = 1 ; unstable : stab = 0
721	IF ( ln_cdgw ) THEN
722	cdn_wave = cdn_wave - rsmall*(tmask(:,:,1)-1)
723	Cd_n10(:,:) = cdn_wave
724	ELSE
725	Cd_n10 = 1E-3 * ( 2.7/dU10 + 0.142 + dU10/13.09 ) ! L & Y eq. (6a)
726	ENDIF
727	sqrt_Cd_n10 = sqrt(Cd_n10)
728	Ce_n10 = 1E-3 * ( 34.6 * sqrt_Cd_n10 ) ! L & Y eq. (6b)
729	Ch_n10 = 1E-3sqrt_Cd_n10(18stab + 32.7(1-stab)) ! L & Y eq. (6c), (6d)
730	!!
731	!! Initializing transfert coefficients with their first guess neutral equivalents :
732	Cd = Cd_n10 ; Ce = Ce_n10 ; Ch = Ch_n10 ; sqrt_Cd = sqrt(Cd)
733
734	!! * Now starting iteration loop
735	DO j_itt=1, nb_itt
736	!! Turbulent scales :
737	U_star = sqrt_Cd*dU10 ! L & Y eq. (7a)
738	T_star = Ch/sqrt_Cd*dT ! L & Y eq. (7b)
739	q_star = Ce/sqrt_Cd*dq ! L & Y eq. (7c)
740
741	!! Estimate the Monin-Obukov length :
742	L = (U_star*2)/( kappagrav*(T_star/T_vpot + q_star/(q_a + 1./0.608)) )
743
744	!! Stability parameters :
745	zeta = zu/L ; zeta = sign( min(abs(zeta),10.0), zeta )
746	zpsi_h = psi_h(zeta)
747	zpsi_m = psi_m(zeta)
748
749	IF ( ln_cdgw ) THEN
750	sqrt_Cd=kappa/((kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10) - zpsi_m) ; Cd=sqrt_Cd*sqrt_Cd;
751	ELSE
752	!! Shifting the wind speed to 10m and neutral stability :
753	U_n10 = dU101./(1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa(log(zu/10.) - zpsi_m)) ! L & Y eq. (9a)
754
755	!! Updating the neutral 10m transfer coefficients :
756	Cd_n10 = 1E-3 * (2.7/U_n10 + 0.142 + U_n10/13.09) ! L & Y eq. (6a)
757	sqrt_Cd_n10 = sqrt(Cd_n10)
758	Ce_n10 = 1E-3 * (34.6 * sqrt_Cd_n10) ! L & Y eq. (6b)
759	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,zeta)
760	Ch_n10 = 1E-3sqrt_Cd_n10(18.stab + 32.7(1-stab)) ! L & Y eq. (6c), (6d)
761
762	!! Shifting the neutral 10m transfer coefficients to ( zu , zeta ) :
763	!!
764	xct = 1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa*(log(zu/10) - zpsi_m)
765	Cd = Cd_n10/(xct*xct) ; sqrt_Cd = sqrt(Cd)
766	ENDIF
767	!!
768	xlogt = log(zu/10.) - zpsi_h
769	!!
770	xct = 1. + Ch_n10*xlogt/kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10
771	Ch = Ch_n10*sqrt_Cd/sqrt_Cd_n10/xct
772	!!
773	xct = 1. + Ce_n10*xlogt/kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10
774	Ce = Ce_n10*sqrt_Cd/sqrt_Cd_n10/xct
775	!!
776	END DO
777	!!
778	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, stab ) ! integer
779	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, dU10, dT, dq, Cd_n10, Ce_n10, Ch_n10, sqrt_Cd_n10, sqrt_Cd, L )
780	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, T_vpot, T_star, q_star, U_star, zeta, U_n10, xlogt, xct, zpsi_h, zpsi_m )
781	!
782	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('TURB_CORE_1Z')
783	!
784	END SUBROUTINE TURB_CORE_1Z
785
786
787	SUBROUTINE TURB_CORE_2Z(zt, zu, sst, T_zt, q_sat, q_zt, dU, Cd, Ch, Ce, T_zu, q_zu)
788	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
789	!! * ROUTINE turb_core *
790	!!
791	!! ** Purpose : Computes turbulent transfert coefficients of surface
792	!! fluxes according to Large & Yeager (2004).
793	!!
794	!! ** Method : I N E R T I A L D I S S I P A T I O N M E T H O D
795	!! Momentum, Latent and sensible heat exchange coefficients
796	!! Caution: this procedure should only be used in cases when air
797	!! temperature (T_air) and air specific humidity (q_air) are at 2m
798	!! whereas wind (dU) is at 10m.
799	!!
800	!! References : Large & Yeager, 2004 : ???
801	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
802	REAL(wp), INTENT(in ) :: zt ! height for T_zt and q_zt [m]
803	REAL(wp), INTENT(in ) :: zu ! height for dU [m]
804	REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: sst ! sea surface temperature [Kelvin]
805	REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: T_zt ! potential air temperature [Kelvin]
806	REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: q_sat ! sea surface specific humidity [kg/kg]
807	REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: q_zt ! specific air humidity [kg/kg]
808	REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: dU ! relative wind module \|U(zu)-U(0)\| [m/s]
809	REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: Cd ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
810	REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: Ch ! transfer coefficient for sensible heat (Q_sens)
811	REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: Ce ! transfert coefficient for evaporation (Q_lat)
812	REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: T_zu ! air temp. shifted at zu [K]
813	REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: q_zu ! spec. hum. shifted at zu [kg/kg]
814
815	INTEGER :: j_itt
816	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: nb_itt = 3 ! number of itterations
817	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: grav = 9.8 ! gravity
818	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: kappa = 0.4 ! von Karman's constant
819
820	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: dU10 ! dU [m/s]
821	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: dT ! air/sea temperature differeence [K]
822	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: dq ! air/sea humidity difference [K]
823	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Cd_n10 ! 10m neutral drag coefficient
824	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ce_n10 ! 10m neutral latent coefficient
825	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ch_n10 ! 10m neutral sensible coefficient
826	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: sqrt_Cd_n10 ! root square of Cd_n10
827	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: sqrt_Cd ! root square of Cd
828	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: T_vpot ! virtual potential temperature [K]
829	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: T_star ! turbulent scale of tem. fluct.
830	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: q_star ! turbulent humidity of temp. fluct.
831	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: U_star ! turb. scale of velocity fluct.
832	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: L ! Monin-Obukov length [m]
833	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zeta_u ! stability parameter at height zu
834	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zeta_t ! stability parameter at height zt
835	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: U_n10 ! neutral wind velocity at 10m [m]
836	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: xlogt, xct, zpsi_hu, zpsi_ht, zpsi_m
837
838	INTEGER , DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: stab ! 1st stability test integer
839	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
840	!
841	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('TURB_CORE_2Z')
842	!
843	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, dU10, dT, dq, Cd_n10, Ce_n10, Ch_n10, sqrt_Cd_n10, sqrt_Cd, L )
844	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, T_vpot, T_star, q_star, U_star, zeta_u, zeta_t, U_n10 )
845	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, xlogt, xct, zpsi_hu, zpsi_ht, zpsi_m )
846	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, stab ) ! interger
847
848	!! Initial air/sea differences
849	dU10 = max(0.5, dU) ! we don't want to fall under 0.5 m/s
850	dT = T_zt - sst
851	dq = q_zt - q_sat
852
853	!! Neutral Drag Coefficient :
854	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,dT) ! stab = 1 if dT > 0 -> STABLE
855	IF( ln_cdgw ) THEN
856	cdn_wave = cdn_wave - rsmall*(tmask(:,:,1)-1)
857	Cd_n10(:,:) = cdn_wave
858	ELSE
859	Cd_n10 = 1E-3*( 2.7/dU10 + 0.142 + dU10/13.09 )
860	ENDIF
861	sqrt_Cd_n10 = sqrt(Cd_n10)
862	Ce_n10 = 1E-3( 34.6 sqrt_Cd_n10 )
863	Ch_n10 = 1E-3sqrt_Cd_n10(18stab + 32.7(1 - stab))
864
865	!! Initializing transf. coeff. with their first guess neutral equivalents :
866	Cd = Cd_n10 ; Ce = Ce_n10 ; Ch = Ch_n10 ; sqrt_Cd = sqrt(Cd)
867
868	!! Initializing z_u values with z_t values :
869	T_zu = T_zt ; q_zu = q_zt
870
871	!! * Now starting iteration loop
872	DO j_itt=1, nb_itt
873	dT = T_zu - sst ; dq = q_zu - q_sat ! Updating air/sea differences
874	T_vpot = T_zu(1. + 0.608q_zu) ! Updating virtual potential temperature at zu
875	U_star = sqrt_Cd*dU10 ! Updating turbulent scales : (L & Y eq. (7))
876	T_star = Ch/sqrt_Cd*dT !
877	q_star = Ce/sqrt_Cd*dq !
878	!!
879	L = (U_star*U_star) & ! Estimate the Monin-Obukov length at height zu
880	& / (kappagrav/T_vpot(T_star(1.+0.608q_zu) + 0.608T_zuq_star))
881	!! Stability parameters :
882	zeta_u = zu/L ; zeta_u = sign( min(abs(zeta_u),10.0), zeta_u )
883	zeta_t = zt/L ; zeta_t = sign( min(abs(zeta_t),10.0), zeta_t )
884	zpsi_hu = psi_h(zeta_u)
885	zpsi_ht = psi_h(zeta_t)
886	zpsi_m = psi_m(zeta_u)
887	!!
888	!! Shifting the wind speed to 10m and neutral stability : (L & Y eq.(9a))
889	! U_n10 = dU10/(1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa*(log(zu/10.) - psi_m(zeta_u)))
890	U_n10 = dU10/(1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa*(log(zu/10.) - zpsi_m))
891	!!
892	!! Shifting temperature and humidity at zu : (L & Y eq. (9b-9c))
893	! T_zu = T_zt - T_star/kappa*(log(zt/zu) + psi_h(zeta_u) - psi_h(zeta_t))
894	T_zu = T_zt - T_star/kappa*(log(zt/zu) + zpsi_hu - zpsi_ht)
895	! q_zu = q_zt - q_star/kappa*(log(zt/zu) + psi_h(zeta_u) - psi_h(zeta_t))
896	q_zu = q_zt - q_star/kappa*(log(zt/zu) + zpsi_hu - zpsi_ht)
897	!!
898	!! q_zu cannot have a negative value : forcing 0
899	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,q_zu) ; q_zu = stab*q_zu
900	!!
901	IF( ln_cdgw ) THEN
902	sqrt_Cd=kappa/((kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10) - zpsi_m) ; Cd=sqrt_Cd*sqrt_Cd;
903	ELSE
904	!! Updating the neutral 10m transfer coefficients :
905	Cd_n10 = 1E-3 * (2.7/U_n10 + 0.142 + U_n10/13.09) ! L & Y eq. (6a)
906	sqrt_Cd_n10 = sqrt(Cd_n10)
907	Ce_n10 = 1E-3 * (34.6 * sqrt_Cd_n10) ! L & Y eq. (6b)
908	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,zeta_u)
909	Ch_n10 = 1E-3sqrt_Cd_n10(18.stab + 32.7(1-stab)) ! L & Y eq. (6c-6d)
910	!!
911	!!
912	!! Shifting the neutral 10m transfer coefficients to (zu,zeta_u) :
913	xct = 1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa*(log(zu/10.) - zpsi_m)
914	Cd = Cd_n10/(xct*xct) ; sqrt_Cd = sqrt(Cd)
915	ENDIF
916	!!
917	xlogt = log(zu/10.) - zpsi_hu
918	!!
919	xct = 1. + Ch_n10*xlogt/kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10
920	Ch = Ch_n10*sqrt_Cd/sqrt_Cd_n10/xct
921	!!
922	xct = 1. + Ce_n10*xlogt/kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10
923	Ce = Ce_n10*sqrt_Cd/sqrt_Cd_n10/xct
924	!!
925	!!
926	END DO
927	!!
928	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, dU10, dT, dq, Cd_n10, Ce_n10, Ch_n10, sqrt_Cd_n10, sqrt_Cd, L )
929	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, T_vpot, T_star, q_star, U_star, zeta_u, zeta_t, U_n10 )
930	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, xlogt, xct, zpsi_hu, zpsi_ht, zpsi_m )
931	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, stab ) ! interger
932	!
933	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('TURB_CORE_2Z')
934	!
935	END SUBROUTINE TURB_CORE_2Z
936
937
938	FUNCTION psi_m(zta) !! Psis, L & Y eq. (8c), (8d), (8e)
939	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
940	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: zta
941
942	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: pi = 3.141592653589793_wp
943	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: psi_m
944	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: X2, X, stabit
945	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
946
947	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, X2, X, stabit )
948
949	X2 = sqrt(abs(1. - 16.*zta)) ; X2 = max(X2 , 1.0) ; X = sqrt(X2)
950	stabit = 0.5 + sign(0.5,zta)
951	psi_m = -5.ztastabit & ! Stable
952	& + (1. - stabit)(2log((1. + X)/2) + log((1. + X2)/2) - 2*atan(X) + pi/2) ! Unstable
953
954	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, X2, X, stabit )
955	!
956	END FUNCTION psi_m
957
958
959	FUNCTION psi_h( zta ) !! Psis, L & Y eq. (8c), (8d), (8e)
960	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
961	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: zta
962	!
963	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: psi_h
964	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: X2, X, stabit
965	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
966
967	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, X2, X, stabit )
968
969	X2 = sqrt(abs(1. - 16.*zta)) ; X2 = max(X2 , 1.) ; X = sqrt(X2)
970	stabit = 0.5 + sign(0.5,zta)
971	psi_h = -5.ztastabit & ! Stable
972	& + (1. - stabit)(2.log( (1. + X2)/2. )) ! Unstable
973
974	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, X2, X, stabit )
975	!
976	END FUNCTION psi_h
977
978	!!======================================================================
979	END MODULE sbcblk_core

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