MODULE p4zsink !!====================================================================== !! *** MODULE p4zsink *** !! TOP : PISCES vertical flux of particulate matter due to gravitational sinking !!====================================================================== !! History : 1.0 ! 2004 (O. Aumont) Original code !! 2.0 ! 2007-12 (C. Ethe, G. Madec) F90 !! 3.4 ! 2011-06 (O. Aumont, C. Ethe) Change aggregation formula !! 3.5 ! 2012-07 (O. Aumont) Introduce potential time-splitting !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- #if defined key_pisces !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- !! p4z_sink : Compute vertical flux of particulate matter due to gravitational sinking !! p4z_sink_init : Unitialisation of sinking speed parameters !! p4z_sink_alloc : Allocate sinking speed variables !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- USE oce_trc ! shared variables between ocean and passive tracers USE trc ! passive tracers common variables USE sms_pisces ! PISCES Source Minus Sink variables USE prtctl_trc ! print control for debugging USE iom ! I/O manager USE lib_mpp IMPLICIT NONE PRIVATE PUBLIC p4z_sink ! called in p4zbio.F90 PUBLIC p4z_sink_init ! called in trcsms_pisces.F90 PUBLIC p4z_sink_alloc REAL(wp), PUBLIC, ALLOCATABLE, SAVE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: wsbio3 !: POC sinking speed REAL(wp), PUBLIC, ALLOCATABLE, SAVE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: wsbio4 !: GOC sinking speed REAL(wp), PUBLIC, ALLOCATABLE, SAVE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: wscal !: Calcite and BSi sinking speeds REAL(wp), PUBLIC, ALLOCATABLE, SAVE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: sinking, sinking2 !: POC sinking fluxes ! ! (different meanings depending on the parameterization) REAL(wp), PUBLIC, ALLOCATABLE, SAVE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: sinkcal, sinksil !: CaCO3 and BSi sinking fluxes REAL(wp), PUBLIC, ALLOCATABLE, SAVE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: sinkfer !: Small BFe sinking fluxes REAL(wp), PUBLIC, ALLOCATABLE, SAVE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: sinkfer2 !: Big iron sinking fluxes INTEGER :: ik100 !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- !! NEMO/TOP 3.3 , NEMO Consortium (2010) !! $Id: p4zsink.F90 3160 2011-11-20 14:27:18Z cetlod $ !! Software governed by the CeCILL licence (NEMOGCM/NEMO_CeCILL.txt) !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- CONTAINS !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- !! 'standard sinking parameterisation' ??? !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- SUBROUTINE p4z_sink ( kt, knt ) !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- !! *** ROUTINE p4z_sink *** !! !! ** Purpose : Compute vertical flux of particulate matter due to !! gravitational sinking !! !! ** Method : - ??? !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- INTEGER, INTENT(in) :: kt, knt INTEGER :: ji, jj, jk, jit INTEGER :: iiter1, iiter2 REAL(wp) :: zagg1, zagg2, zagg3, zagg4 REAL(wp) :: zagg , zaggfe, zaggdoc, zaggdoc2, zaggdoc3 REAL(wp) :: zfact, zwsmax, zmax CHARACTER (len=25) :: charout REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: zw3d REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,: ) :: zw2d !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- ! IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('p4z_sink') ! ! Sinking speeds of detritus is increased with depth as shown ! by data and from the coagulation theory ! ----------------------------------------------------------- DO jk = 1, jpkm1 DO jj = 1, jpj DO ji = 1,jpi zmax = MAX( heup(ji,jj), hmld(ji,jj) ) zfact = MAX( 0., gdepw_n(ji,jj,jk+1) - zmax ) / 5000._wp wsbio4(ji,jj,jk) = wsbio2 + ( 200.- wsbio2 ) * zfact END DO END DO END DO ! limit the values of the sinking speeds to avoid numerical instabilities wsbio3(:,:,:) = wsbio wscal (:,:,:) = wsbio4(:,:,:) ! ! OA This is (I hope) a temporary solution for the problem that may ! OA arise in specific situation where the CFL criterion is broken ! OA for vertical sedimentation of particles. To avoid this, a time ! OA splitting algorithm has been coded. A specific maximum ! OA iteration number is provided and may be specified in the namelist ! OA This is to avoid very large iteration number when explicit free ! OA surface is used (for instance). When niter?max is set to 1, ! OA this computation is skipped. The crude old threshold method is ! OA then applied. This also happens when niter exceeds nitermax. IF( MAX( niter1max, niter2max ) == 1 ) THEN iiter1 = 1 iiter2 = 1 ELSE iiter1 = 1 iiter2 = 1 DO jk = 1, jpkm1 DO jj = 1, jpj DO ji = 1, jpi IF( tmask(ji,jj,jk) == 1) THEN zwsmax = 0.5 * e3t_n(ji,jj,jk) / xstep iiter1 = MAX( iiter1, INT( wsbio3(ji,jj,jk) / zwsmax ) ) iiter2 = MAX( iiter2, INT( wsbio4(ji,jj,jk) / zwsmax ) ) ENDIF END DO END DO END DO IF( lk_mpp ) THEN CALL mpp_max( iiter1 ) CALL mpp_max( iiter2 ) ENDIF iiter1 = MIN( iiter1, niter1max ) iiter2 = MIN( iiter2, niter2max ) ENDIF DO jk = 1,jpkm1 DO jj = 1, jpj DO ji = 1, jpi IF( tmask(ji,jj,jk) == 1 ) THEN zwsmax = 0.5 * e3t_n(ji,jj,jk) / xstep wsbio3(ji,jj,jk) = MIN( wsbio3(ji,jj,jk), zwsmax * FLOAT( iiter1 ) ) wsbio4(ji,jj,jk) = MIN( wsbio4(ji,jj,jk), zwsmax * FLOAT( iiter2 ) ) ENDIF END DO END DO END DO ! Initializa to zero all the sinking arrays ! ----------------------------------------- sinking (:,:,:) = 0.e0 sinking2(:,:,:) = 0.e0 sinkcal (:,:,:) = 0.e0 sinkfer (:,:,:) = 0.e0 sinksil (:,:,:) = 0.e0 sinkfer2(:,:,:) = 0.e0 ! Compute the sedimentation term using p4zsink2 for all the sinking particles ! ----------------------------------------------------- DO jit = 1, iiter1 CALL p4z_sink2( wsbio3, sinking , jppoc, iiter1 ) CALL p4z_sink2( wsbio3, sinkfer , jpsfe, iiter1 ) END DO DO jit = 1, iiter2 CALL p4z_sink2( wsbio4, sinking2, jpgoc, iiter2 ) CALL p4z_sink2( wsbio4, sinkfer2, jpbfe, iiter2 ) CALL p4z_sink2( wsbio4, sinksil , jpgsi, iiter2 ) CALL p4z_sink2( wscal , sinkcal , jpcal, iiter2 ) END DO ! Exchange between organic matter compartments due to coagulation/disaggregation ! --------------------------------------------------- DO jk = 1, jpkm1 DO jj = 1, jpj DO ji = 1, jpi ! zfact = xstep * xdiss(ji,jj,jk) ! Part I : Coagulation dependent on turbulence zagg1 = 25.9 * zfact * trb(ji,jj,jk,jppoc) * trb(ji,jj,jk,jppoc) zagg2 = 4452. * zfact * trb(ji,jj,jk,jppoc) * trb(ji,jj,jk,jpgoc) ! Part II : Differential settling ! Aggregation of small into large particles zagg3 = 47.1 * xstep * trb(ji,jj,jk,jppoc) * trb(ji,jj,jk,jpgoc) zagg4 = 3.3 * xstep * trb(ji,jj,jk,jppoc) * trb(ji,jj,jk,jppoc) zagg = zagg1 + zagg2 + zagg3 + zagg4 zaggfe = zagg * trb(ji,jj,jk,jpsfe) / ( trb(ji,jj,jk,jppoc) + rtrn ) ! Aggregation of DOC to POC : ! 1st term is shear aggregation of DOC-DOC ! 2nd term is shear aggregation of DOC-POC ! 3rd term is differential settling of DOC-POC zaggdoc = ( ( 0.369 * 0.3 * trb(ji,jj,jk,jpdoc) + 102.4 * trb(ji,jj,jk,jppoc) ) * zfact & & + 2.4 * xstep * trb(ji,jj,jk,jppoc) ) * 0.3 * trb(ji,jj,jk,jpdoc) ! transfer of DOC to GOC : ! 1st term is shear aggregation ! 2nd term is differential settling zaggdoc2 = ( 3.53E3 * zfact + 0.1 * xstep ) * trb(ji,jj,jk,jpgoc) * 0.3 * trb(ji,jj,jk,jpdoc) ! tranfer of DOC to POC due to brownian motion zaggdoc3 = ( 5095. * trb(ji,jj,jk,jppoc) + 114. * 0.3 * trb(ji,jj,jk,jpdoc) ) * xstep * 0.3 * trb(ji,jj,jk,jpdoc) ! Update the trends tra(ji,jj,jk,jppoc) = tra(ji,jj,jk,jppoc) - zagg + zaggdoc + zaggdoc3 tra(ji,jj,jk,jpgoc) = tra(ji,jj,jk,jpgoc) + zagg + zaggdoc2 tra(ji,jj,jk,jpsfe) = tra(ji,jj,jk,jpsfe) - zaggfe tra(ji,jj,jk,jpbfe) = tra(ji,jj,jk,jpbfe) + zaggfe tra(ji,jj,jk,jpdoc) = tra(ji,jj,jk,jpdoc) - zaggdoc - zaggdoc2 - zaggdoc3 ! END DO END DO END DO ! Total carbon export per year IF( iom_use( "tcexp" ) .OR. ( ln_check_mass .AND. kt == nitend .AND. knt == nrdttrc ) ) & & t_oce_co2_exp = glob_sum( ( sinking(:,:,ik100) + sinking2(:,:,ik100) ) * e1e2t(:,:) * tmask(:,:,1) ) ! IF( lk_iomput ) THEN IF( knt == nrdttrc ) THEN CALL wrk_alloc( jpi, jpj, zw2d ) CALL wrk_alloc( jpi, jpj, jpk, zw3d ) zfact = 1.e+3 * rfact2r ! conversion from mol/l/kt to mol/m3/s ! IF( iom_use( "EPC100" ) ) THEN zw2d(:,:) = ( sinking(:,:,ik100) + sinking2(:,:,ik100) ) * zfact * tmask(:,:,1) ! Export of carbon at 100m CALL iom_put( "EPC100" , zw2d ) ENDIF IF( iom_use( "EPFE100" ) ) THEN zw2d(:,:) = ( sinkfer(:,:,ik100) + sinkfer2(:,:,ik100) ) * zfact * tmask(:,:,1) ! Export of iron at 100m CALL iom_put( "EPFE100" , zw2d ) ENDIF IF( iom_use( "EPCAL100" ) ) THEN zw2d(:,:) = sinkcal(:,:,ik100) * zfact * tmask(:,:,1) ! Export of calcite at 100m CALL iom_put( "EPCAL100" , zw2d ) ENDIF IF( iom_use( "EPSI100" ) ) THEN zw2d(:,:) = sinksil(:,:,ik100) * zfact * tmask(:,:,1) ! Export of bigenic silica at 100m CALL iom_put( "EPSI100" , zw2d ) ENDIF IF( iom_use( "EXPC" ) ) THEN zw3d(:,:,:) = ( sinking(:,:,:) + sinking2(:,:,:) ) * zfact * tmask(:,:,:) ! Export of carbon in the water column CALL iom_put( "EXPC" , zw3d ) ENDIF IF( iom_use( "EXPFE" ) ) THEN zw3d(:,:,:) = ( sinkfer(:,:,:) + sinkfer2(:,:,:) ) * zfact * tmask(:,:,:) ! Export of iron CALL iom_put( "EXPFE" , zw3d ) ENDIF IF( iom_use( "EXPCAL" ) ) THEN zw3d(:,:,:) = sinkcal(:,:,:) * zfact * tmask(:,:,:) ! Export of calcite CALL iom_put( "EXPCAL" , zw3d ) ENDIF IF( iom_use( "EXPSI" ) ) THEN zw3d(:,:,:) = sinksil(:,:,:) * zfact * tmask(:,:,:) ! Export of bigenic silica CALL iom_put( "EXPSI" , zw3d ) ENDIF IF( iom_use( "tcexp" ) ) CALL iom_put( "tcexp" , t_oce_co2_exp * zfact ) ! molC/s ! CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi, jpj, zw2d ) CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi, jpj, jpk, zw3d ) ENDIF ENDIF ! IF(ln_ctl) THEN ! print mean trends (used for debugging) WRITE(charout, FMT="('sink')") CALL prt_ctl_trc_info(charout) CALL prt_ctl_trc(tab4d=tra, mask=tmask, clinfo=ctrcnm) ENDIF ! IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('p4z_sink') ! END SUBROUTINE p4z_sink SUBROUTINE p4z_sink_init !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- !! *** ROUTINE p4z_sink_init *** !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- INTEGER :: jk ik100 = 10 ! last level where depth less than 100 m DO jk = jpkm1, 1, -1 IF( gdept_1d(jk) > 100. ) ik100 = jk - 1 END DO IF (lwp) WRITE(numout,*) IF (lwp) WRITE(numout,*) ' Level corresponding to 100m depth ', ik100 + 1 IF (lwp) WRITE(numout,*) ! t_oce_co2_exp = 0._wp ! END SUBROUTINE p4z_sink_init SUBROUTINE p4z_sink2( pwsink, psinkflx, jp_tra, kiter ) !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- !! *** ROUTINE p4z_sink2 *** !! !! ** Purpose : Compute the sedimentation terms for the various sinking !! particles. The scheme used to compute the trends is based !! on MUSCL. !! !! ** Method : - this ROUTINE compute not exactly the advection but the !! transport term, i.e. div(u*tra). !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- ! INTEGER , INTENT(in ) :: jp_tra ! tracer index index INTEGER , INTENT(in ) :: kiter ! number of iterations for time-splitting REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpk) :: pwsink ! sinking speed REAL(wp), INTENT(inout), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpk) :: psinkflx ! sinking fluxe !! INTEGER :: ji, jj, jk, jn REAL(wp) :: zigma,zew,zign, zflx, zstep REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: ztraz, zakz, zwsink2, ztrb !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- ! IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('p4z_sink2') ! ! Allocate temporary workspace CALL wrk_alloc( jpi, jpj, jpk, ztraz, zakz, zwsink2, ztrb ) zstep = rfact2 / FLOAT( kiter ) / 2. ztraz(:,:,:) = 0.e0 zakz (:,:,:) = 0.e0 ztrb (:,:,:) = trb(:,:,:,jp_tra) DO jk = 1, jpkm1 zwsink2(:,:,jk+1) = -pwsink(:,:,jk) / rday * tmask(:,:,jk+1) END DO zwsink2(:,:,1) = 0.e0 ! Vertical advective flux DO jn = 1, 2 ! first guess of the slopes interior values DO jk = 2, jpkm1 ztraz(:,:,jk) = ( trb(:,:,jk-1,jp_tra) - trb(:,:,jk,jp_tra) ) * tmask(:,:,jk) END DO ztraz(:,:,1 ) = 0.0 ztraz(:,:,jpk) = 0.0 ! slopes DO jk = 2, jpkm1 DO jj = 1,jpj DO ji = 1, jpi zign = 0.25 + SIGN( 0.25, ztraz(ji,jj,jk) * ztraz(ji,jj,jk+1) ) zakz(ji,jj,jk) = ( ztraz(ji,jj,jk) + ztraz(ji,jj,jk+1) ) * zign END DO END DO END DO ! Slopes limitation DO jk = 2, jpkm1 DO jj = 1, jpj DO ji = 1, jpi zakz(ji,jj,jk) = SIGN( 1., zakz(ji,jj,jk) ) * & & MIN( ABS( zakz(ji,jj,jk) ), 2. * ABS(ztraz(ji,jj,jk+1)), 2. * ABS(ztraz(ji,jj,jk) ) ) END DO END DO END DO ! vertical advective flux DO jk = 1, jpkm1 DO jj = 1, jpj DO ji = 1, jpi zigma = zwsink2(ji,jj,jk+1) * zstep / e3w_n(ji,jj,jk+1) zew = zwsink2(ji,jj,jk+1) psinkflx(ji,jj,jk+1) = -zew * ( trb(ji,jj,jk,jp_tra) - 0.5 * ( 1 + zigma ) * zakz(ji,jj,jk) ) * zstep END DO END DO END DO ! ! Boundary conditions psinkflx(:,:,1 ) = 0.e0 psinkflx(:,:,jpk) = 0.e0 DO jk=1,jpkm1 DO jj = 1,jpj DO ji = 1, jpi zflx = ( psinkflx(ji,jj,jk) - psinkflx(ji,jj,jk+1) ) / e3t_n(ji,jj,jk) trb(ji,jj,jk,jp_tra) = trb(ji,jj,jk,jp_tra) + zflx END DO END DO END DO ENDDO DO jk = 1,jpkm1 DO jj = 1,jpj DO ji = 1, jpi zflx = ( psinkflx(ji,jj,jk) - psinkflx(ji,jj,jk+1) ) / e3t_n(ji,jj,jk) ztrb(ji,jj,jk) = ztrb(ji,jj,jk) + 2. * zflx END DO END DO END DO trb(:,:,:,jp_tra) = ztrb(:,:,:) psinkflx(:,:,:) = 2. * psinkflx(:,:,:) ! CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi, jpj, jpk, ztraz, zakz, zwsink2, ztrb ) ! IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('p4z_sink2') ! END SUBROUTINE p4z_sink2 INTEGER FUNCTION p4z_sink_alloc() !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- !! *** ROUTINE p4z_sink_alloc *** !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- ALLOCATE( wsbio3 (jpi,jpj,jpk) , wsbio4 (jpi,jpj,jpk) , wscal(jpi,jpj,jpk) , & & sinking(jpi,jpj,jpk) , sinking2(jpi,jpj,jpk) , & & sinkcal(jpi,jpj,jpk) , sinksil (jpi,jpj,jpk) , & & sinkfer2(jpi,jpj,jpk) , & & sinkfer(jpi,jpj,jpk) , STAT=p4z_sink_alloc ) ! IF( p4z_sink_alloc /= 0 ) CALL ctl_warn('p4z_sink_alloc : failed to allocate arrays.') ! END FUNCTION p4z_sink_alloc #else !!====================================================================== !! Dummy module : No PISCES bio-model !!====================================================================== CONTAINS SUBROUTINE p4z_sink ! Empty routine END SUBROUTINE p4z_sink #endif !!====================================================================== END MODULE p4zsink