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sbcblk.F90 @ 7910

Last change on this file since 7910 was 7910, checked in by timgraham, 7 years ago
All wrk_alloc removed
File size: 57.0 KB

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1	MODULE sbcblk
2	!!======================================================================
3	!! * MODULE sbcblk *
4	!! Ocean forcing: momentum, heat and freshwater flux formulation
5	!! Aerodynamic Bulk Formulas
6	!! SUCCESSOR OF "sbcblk_core"
7	!!=====================================================================
8	!! History : 1.0 ! 2004-08 (U. Schweckendiek) Original CORE code
9	!! 2.0 ! 2005-04 (L. Brodeau, A.M. Treguier) improved CORE bulk and its user interface
10	!! 3.0 ! 2006-06 (G. Madec) sbc rewritting
11	!! - ! 2006-12 (L. Brodeau) Original code for turb_core
12	!! 3.2 ! 2009-04 (B. Lemaire) Introduce iom_put
13	!! 3.3 ! 2010-10 (S. Masson) add diurnal cycle
14	!! 3.4 ! 2011-11 (C. Harris) Fill arrays required by CICE
15	!! 3.7 ! 2014-06 (L. Brodeau) simplification and optimization of CORE bulk
16	!! 4.0 ! 2016-06 (L. Brodeau) sbcblk_core becomes sbcblk and is not restricted to the CORE algorithm anymore
17	!! ==> based on AeroBulk (http://aerobulk.sourceforge.net/)
18	!! 4.0 ! 2016-10 (G. Madec) introduce a sbc_blk_init routine
19	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
20
21	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
22	!! sbc_blk_init : initialisation of the chosen bulk formulation as ocean surface boundary condition
23	!! sbc_blk : bulk formulation as ocean surface boundary condition
24	!! blk_oce : computes momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes over ocean
25	!! blk_ice : computes momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes over sea ice
26	!! rho_air : density of (moist) air (depends on T_air, q_air and SLP
27	!! cp_air : specific heat of (moist) air (depends spec. hum. q_air)
28	!! q_sat : saturation humidity as a function of SLP and temperature
29	!! L_vap : latent heat of vaporization of water as a function of temperature
30	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
31	USE oce ! ocean dynamics and tracers
32	USE dom_oce ! ocean space and time domain
33	USE phycst ! physical constants
34	USE fldread ! read input fields
35	USE sbc_oce ! Surface boundary condition: ocean fields
36	USE cyclone ! Cyclone 10m wind form trac of cyclone centres
37	USE sbcdcy ! surface boundary condition: diurnal cycle
38	USE sbcwave , ONLY : cdn_wave ! wave module
39	USE sbc_ice ! Surface boundary condition: ice fields
40	USE lib_fortran ! to use key_nosignedzero
41	#if defined key_lim3
42	USE ice , ONLY : u_ice, v_ice, jpl, pfrld, a_i_b, at_i_b
43	USE limthd_dh ! for CALL lim_thd_snwblow
44	#elif defined key_lim2
45	USE ice_2 , ONLY : u_ice, v_ice
46	USE par_ice_2 ! LIM-2 parameters
47	#endif
48	USE sbcblk_algo_ncar ! => turb_ncar : NCAR - CORE (Large & Yeager, 2009)
49	USE sbcblk_algo_coare ! => turb_coare : COAREv3.0 (Fairall et al. 2003)
50	USE sbcblk_algo_coare3p5 ! => turb_coare3p5 : COAREv3.5 (Edson et al. 2013)
51	USE sbcblk_algo_ecmwf ! => turb_ecmwf : ECMWF (IFS cycle 31)
52	!
53	USE iom ! I/O manager library
54	USE in_out_manager ! I/O manager
55	USE lib_mpp ! distribued memory computing library
56	USE timing ! Timing
57	USE lbclnk ! ocean lateral boundary conditions (or mpp link)
58	USE prtctl ! Print control
59
60	IMPLICIT NONE
61	PRIVATE
62
63	PUBLIC sbc_blk_init ! called in sbcmod
64	PUBLIC sbc_blk ! called in sbcmod
65	#if defined key_lim2 \|\| defined key_lim3
66	PUBLIC blk_ice_tau ! routine called in sbc_ice_lim module
67	PUBLIC blk_ice_flx ! routine called in sbc_ice_lim module
68	#endif
69
70	!!Lolo: should ultimately be moved in the module with all physical constants ?
71	!!gm : In principle, yes.
72	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Cp_dry = 1005.0 !: Specic heat of dry air, constant pressure [J/K/kg]
73	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Cp_vap = 1860.0 !: Specic heat of water vapor, constant pressure [J/K/kg]
74	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: R_dry = 287.05_wp !: Specific gas constant for dry air [J/K/kg]
75	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: R_vap = 461.495_wp !: Specific gas constant for water vapor [J/K/kg]
76	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: reps0 = R_dry/R_vap !: ratio of gas constant for dry air and water vapor => ~ 0.622
77	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: rctv0 = R_vap/R_dry !: for virtual temperature (== (1-eps)/eps) => ~ 0.608
78
79	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jpfld =10 ! maximum number of files to read
80	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_wndi = 1 ! index of 10m wind velocity (i-component) (m/s) at T-point
81	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_wndj = 2 ! index of 10m wind velocity (j-component) (m/s) at T-point
82	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_tair = 3 ! index of 10m air temperature (Kelvin)
83	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_humi = 4 ! index of specific humidity ( % )
84	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_qsr = 5 ! index of solar heat (W/m2)
85	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_qlw = 6 ! index of Long wave (W/m2)
86	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_prec = 7 ! index of total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s)
87	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_snow = 8 ! index of snow (solid prcipitation) (kg/m2/s)
88	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_slp = 9 ! index of sea level pressure (Pa)
89	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_tdif =10 ! index of tau diff associated to HF tau (N/m2) at T-point
90
91	TYPE(FLD), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! structure of input fields (file informations, fields read)
92
93	! !!! Bulk parameters
94	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: cpa = 1000.5 ! specific heat of air (only used for ice fluxes now...)
95	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Ls = 2.839e6 ! latent heat of sublimation
96	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Stef = 5.67e-8 ! Stefan Boltzmann constant
97	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Cd_ice = 1.4e-3 ! iovi 1.63e-3 ! transfer coefficient over ice
98	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: albo = 0.066 ! ocean albedo assumed to be constant
99	!
100	! !!* Namelist namsbc_blk : bulk parameters
101	LOGICAL :: ln_NCAR ! "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008)
102	LOGICAL :: ln_COARE_3p0 ! "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003)
103	LOGICAL :: ln_COARE_3p5 ! "COARE 3.5" algorithm (Edson et al. 2013)
104	LOGICAL :: ln_ECMWF ! "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 31)
105	!
106	LOGICAL :: ln_taudif ! logical flag to use the "mean of stress module - module of mean stress" data
107	REAL(wp) :: rn_pfac ! multiplication factor for precipitation
108	REAL(wp) :: rn_efac ! multiplication factor for evaporation (clem)
109	REAL(wp) :: rn_vfac ! multiplication factor for ice/ocean velocity in the calculation of wind stress (clem)
110	REAL(wp) :: rn_zqt ! z(q,t) : height of humidity and temperature measurements
111	REAL(wp) :: rn_zu ! z(u) : height of wind measurements
112	LOGICAL :: ln_Cd_L12 = .FALSE. ! Modify the drag ice-atm and oce-atm depending on ice concentration (from Lupkes et al. JGR2012)
113	!
114	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, SAVE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: Cd_oce ! air-ocean drag (clem)
115
116	INTEGER :: nblk ! choice of the bulk algorithm
117	! ! associated indices:
118	INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_NCAR = 1 ! "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008)
119	INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_COARE_3p0 = 2 ! "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003)
120	INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_COARE_3p5 = 3 ! "COARE 3.5" algorithm (Edson et al. 2013)
121	INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_ECMWF = 4 ! "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 31)
122
123	!! * Substitutions
124	# include "vectopt_loop_substitute.h90"
125	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
126	!! NEMO/OPA 3.7 , NEMO-consortium (2014)
127	!! $Id: sbcblk.F90 6416 2016-04-01 12:22:17Z clem $
128	!! Software governed by the CeCILL licence (NEMOGCM/NEMO_CeCILL.txt)
129	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
130	CONTAINS
131
132	INTEGER FUNCTION sbc_blk_alloc()
133	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------
134	!! * ROUTINE sbc_blk_alloc *
135	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------
136	ALLOCATE( Cd_oce(jpi,jpj) , STAT=sbc_blk_alloc )
137	!
138	IF( lk_mpp ) CALL mpp_sum ( sbc_blk_alloc )
139	IF( sbc_blk_alloc /= 0 ) CALL ctl_warn('sbc_blk_alloc: failed to allocate arrays')
140	END FUNCTION sbc_blk_alloc
141
142	SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_init
143	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
144	!! * ROUTINE sbc_blk_init *
145	!!
146	!! ** Purpose : choose and initialize a bulk formulae formulation
147	!!
148	!! ** Method :
149	!!
150	!! C A U T I O N : never mask the surface stress fields
151	!! the stress is assumed to be in the (i,j) mesh referential
152	!!
153	!! ** Action :
154	!!
155	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
156	INTEGER :: ifpr, jfld ! dummy loop indice and argument
157	INTEGER :: ios, ierror, ioptio ! Local integer
158	!!
159	CHARACTER(len=100) :: cn_dir ! Root directory for location of atmospheric forcing files
160	TYPE(FLD_N), DIMENSION(jpfld) :: slf_i ! array of namelist informations on the fields to read
161	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_wndi, sn_wndj, sn_humi, sn_qsr ! informations about the fields to be read
162	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_qlw , sn_tair, sn_prec, sn_snow ! " "
163	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_slp , sn_tdif ! " "
164	NAMELIST/namsbc_blk/ sn_wndi, sn_wndj, sn_humi, sn_qsr, sn_qlw , & ! input fields
165	& sn_tair, sn_prec, sn_snow, sn_slp, sn_tdif, &
166	& ln_NCAR, ln_COARE_3p0, ln_COARE_3p5, ln_ECMWF, & ! bulk algorithm
167	& cn_dir , ln_taudif, rn_zqt, rn_zu, &
168	& rn_pfac, rn_efac, rn_vfac, ln_Cd_L12
169	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
170	!
171	! ! allocate sbc_blk_core array
172	IF( sbc_blk_alloc() /= 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk : unable to allocate standard arrays' )
173	!
174	! !** read bulk namelist
175	REWIND( numnam_ref ) !* Namelist namsbc_blk in reference namelist : bulk parameters
176	READ ( numnam_ref, namsbc_blk, IOSTAT = ios, ERR = 901)
177	901 IF( ios /= 0 ) CALL ctl_nam ( ios , 'namsbc_blk in reference namelist', lwp )
178	!
179	REWIND( numnam_cfg ) !* Namelist namsbc_blk in configuration namelist : bulk parameters
180	READ ( numnam_cfg, namsbc_blk, IOSTAT = ios, ERR = 902 )
181	902 IF( ios /= 0 ) CALL ctl_nam ( ios , 'namsbc_blk in configuration namelist', lwp )
182	!
183	IF(lwm) WRITE( numond, namsbc_blk )
184	!
185	! !** initialization of the chosen bulk formulae (+ check)
186	! !* select the bulk chosen in the namelist and check the choice
187	; ioptio = 0
188	IF( ln_NCAR ) THEN ; nblk = np_NCAR ; ioptio = ioptio + 1 ; ENDIF
189	IF( ln_COARE_3p0 ) THEN ; nblk = np_COARE_3p0 ; ioptio = ioptio + 1 ; ENDIF
190	IF( ln_COARE_3p5 ) THEN ; nblk = np_COARE_3p5 ; ioptio = ioptio + 1 ; ENDIF
191	IF( ln_ECMWF ) THEN ; nblk = np_ECMWF ; ioptio = ioptio + 1 ; ENDIF
192	!
193	IF( ioptio /= 1 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: Choose one and only one bulk algorithm' )
194	!
195	IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN !* check: diurnal cycle on Qsr
196	IF( sn_qsr%nfreqh /= 24 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: ln_dm2dc=T only with daily short-wave input' )
197	IF( sn_qsr%ln_tint ) THEN
198	CALL ctl_warn( 'sbc_blk_init: ln_dm2dc=T daily qsr time interpolation done by sbcdcy module', &
199	& ' ==> We force time interpolation = .false. for qsr' )
200	sn_qsr%ln_tint = .false.
201	ENDIF
202	ENDIF
203	! !* set the bulk structure
204	! !- store namelist information in an array
205	slf_i(jp_wndi) = sn_wndi ; slf_i(jp_wndj) = sn_wndj
206	slf_i(jp_qsr ) = sn_qsr ; slf_i(jp_qlw ) = sn_qlw
207	slf_i(jp_tair) = sn_tair ; slf_i(jp_humi) = sn_humi
208	slf_i(jp_prec) = sn_prec ; slf_i(jp_snow) = sn_snow
209	slf_i(jp_slp) = sn_slp ; slf_i(jp_tdif) = sn_tdif
210	!
211	lhftau = ln_taudif !- add an extra field if HF stress is used
212	jfld = jpfld - COUNT( (/.NOT.lhftau/) )
213	!
214	! !- allocate the bulk structure
215	ALLOCATE( sf(jfld), STAT=ierror )
216	IF( ierror > 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk_init: unable to allocate sf structure' )
217	DO ifpr= 1, jfld
218	ALLOCATE( sf(ifpr)%fnow(jpi,jpj,1) )
219	IF( slf_i(ifpr)%ln_tint ) ALLOCATE( sf(ifpr)%fdta(jpi,jpj,1,2) )
220	END DO
221	! !- fill the bulk structure with namelist informations
222	CALL fld_fill( sf, slf_i, cn_dir, 'sbc_blk_init', 'surface boundary condition -- bulk formulae', 'namsbc_blk' )
223	!
224	IF ( ln_wave ) THEN
225	!Activated wave module but neither drag nor stokes drift activated
226	IF ( .NOT.(ln_cdgw .OR. ln_sdw .OR. ln_tauoc .OR. ln_stcor ) ) THEN
227	CALL ctl_warn( 'Ask for wave coupling but ln_cdgw=F, ln_sdw=F, ln_tauoc=F, ln_stcor=F')
228	!drag coefficient read from wave model definable only with mfs bulk formulae and core
229	ELSEIF (ln_cdgw .AND. .NOT. ln_NCAR ) THEN
230	CALL ctl_stop( 'drag coefficient read from wave model definable only with mfs bulk formulae and core')
231	ELSEIF (ln_stcor .AND. .NOT. ln_sdw) THEN
232	CALL ctl_stop( 'Stokes-Coriolis term calculated only if activated Stokes Drift ln_sdw=T')
233	ENDIF
234	ELSE
235	IF ( ln_cdgw .OR. ln_sdw .OR. ln_tauoc .OR. ln_stcor ) &
236	& CALL ctl_stop( 'Not Activated Wave Module (ln_wave=F) but asked coupling ', &
237	& 'with drag coefficient (ln_cdgw =T) ' , &
238	& 'or Stokes Drift (ln_sdw=T) ' , &
239	& 'or ocean stress modification due to waves (ln_tauoc=T) ', &
240	& 'or Stokes-Coriolis term (ln_stcori=T)' )
241	ENDIF
242	!
243	!
244	IF(lwp) THEN !** Control print
245	!
246	WRITE(numout,) ! namelist
247	WRITE(numout,*) ' Namelist namsbc_blk (other than data information):'
248	WRITE(numout,*) ' "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008) ln_NCAR = ', ln_NCAR
249	WRITE(numout,*) ' "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003) ln_COARE_3p0 = ', ln_COARE_3p0
250	WRITE(numout,*) ' "COARE 3.5" algorithm (Edson et al. 2013) ln_COARE_3p5 = ', ln_COARE_3p0
251	WRITE(numout,*) ' "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 31) ln_ECMWF = ', ln_ECMWF
252	WRITE(numout,*) ' add High freq.contribution to the stress module ln_taudif = ', ln_taudif
253	WRITE(numout,*) ' Air temperature and humidity reference height (m) rn_zqt = ', rn_zqt
254	WRITE(numout,*) ' Wind vector reference height (m) rn_zu = ', rn_zu
255	WRITE(numout,*) ' factor applied on precipitation (total & snow) rn_pfac = ', rn_pfac
256	WRITE(numout,*) ' factor applied on evaporation rn_efac = ', rn_efac
257	WRITE(numout,*) ' factor applied on ocean/ice velocity rn_vfac = ', rn_vfac
258	WRITE(numout,*) ' (form absolute (=0) to relative winds(=1))'
259	!
260	WRITE(numout,*)
261	SELECT CASE( nblk ) !* Print the choice of bulk algorithm
262	CASE( np_NCAR ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ===>> "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008)'
263	CASE( np_COARE_3p0 ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ===>> "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003)'
264	CASE( np_COARE_3p5 ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ===>> "COARE 3.5" algorithm (Edson et al. 2013)'
265	CASE( np_ECMWF ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ===>> "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 31)'
266	END SELECT
267	!
268	ENDIF
269	!
270	END SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_init
271
272
273	SUBROUTINE sbc_blk( kt )
274	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
275	!! * ROUTINE sbc_blk *
276	!!
277	!! ** Purpose : provide at each time step the surface ocean fluxes
278	!! (momentum, heat, freshwater and runoff)
279	!!
280	!! ** Method : (1) READ each fluxes in NetCDF files:
281	!! the 10m wind velocity (i-component) (m/s) at T-point
282	!! the 10m wind velocity (j-component) (m/s) at T-point
283	!! the 10m or 2m specific humidity ( % )
284	!! the solar heat (W/m2)
285	!! the Long wave (W/m2)
286	!! the 10m or 2m air temperature (Kelvin)
287	!! the total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s)
288	!! the snow (solid prcipitation) (kg/m2/s)
289	!! the tau diff associated to HF tau (N/m2) at T-point (ln_taudif=T)
290	!! (2) CALL blk_oce
291	!!
292	!! C A U T I O N : never mask the surface stress fields
293	!! the stress is assumed to be in the (i,j) mesh referential
294	!!
295	!! ** Action : defined at each time-step at the air-sea interface
296	!! - utau, vtau i- and j-component of the wind stress
297	!! - taum wind stress module at T-point
298	!! - wndm wind speed module at T-point over free ocean or leads in presence of sea-ice
299	!! - qns, qsr non-solar and solar heat fluxes
300	!! - emp upward mass flux (evapo. - precip.)
301	!! - sfx salt flux due to freezing/melting (non-zero only if ice is present)
302	!! (set in limsbc(_2).F90)
303	!!
304	!! ** References : Large & Yeager, 2004 / Large & Yeager, 2008
305	!! Brodeau et al. Ocean Modelling 2010
306	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
307	INTEGER, INTENT(in) :: kt ! ocean time step
308	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
309	!
310	CALL fld_read( kt, nn_fsbc, sf ) ! input fields provided at the current time-step
311	!
312	! ! compute the surface ocean fluxes using bulk formulea
313	IF( MOD( kt - 1, nn_fsbc ) == 0 ) CALL blk_oce( kt, sf, sst_m, ssu_m, ssv_m )
314
315	#if defined key_cice
316	IF( MOD( kt - 1, nn_fsbc ) == 0 ) THEN
317	qlw_ice(:,:,1) = sf(jp_qlw )%fnow(:,:,1)
318	IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN ; qsr_ice(:,:,1) = sbc_dcy( sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) )
319	ELSE ; qsr_ice(:,:,1) = sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1)
320	ENDIF
321	tatm_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1)
322	qatm_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1)
323	tprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac
324	sprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac
325	wndi_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(:,:,1)
326	wndj_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(:,:,1)
327	ENDIF
328	#endif
329	!
330	END SUBROUTINE sbc_blk
331
332
333	SUBROUTINE blk_oce( kt, sf, pst, pu, pv )
334	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
335	!! * ROUTINE blk_oce *
336	!!
337	!! ** Purpose : provide the momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes at
338	!! the ocean surface at each time step
339	!!
340	!! ** Method : bulk formulea for the ocean using atmospheric
341	!! fields read in sbc_read
342	!!
343	!! ** Outputs : - utau : i-component of the stress at U-point (N/m2)
344	!! - vtau : j-component of the stress at V-point (N/m2)
345	!! - taum : Wind stress module at T-point (N/m2)
346	!! - wndm : Wind speed module at T-point (m/s)
347	!! - qsr : Solar heat flux over the ocean (W/m2)
348	!! - qns : Non Solar heat flux over the ocean (W/m2)
349	!! - emp : evaporation minus precipitation (kg/m2/s)
350	!!
351	!! ** Nota : sf has to be a dummy argument for AGRIF on NEC
352	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
353	INTEGER , INTENT(in ) :: kt ! time step index
354	TYPE(fld), INTENT(inout), DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! input data
355	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pst ! surface temperature [Celcius]
356	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pu ! surface current at U-point (i-component) [m/s]
357	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pv ! surface current at V-point (j-component) [m/s]
358	!
359	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
360	REAL(wp) :: zztmp ! local variable
361	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zwnd_i, zwnd_j ! wind speed components at T-point
362	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zsq ! specific humidity at pst
363	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zqlw, zqsb ! long wave and sensible heat fluxes
364	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zqla, zevap ! latent heat fluxes and evaporation
365	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: Cd ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
366	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: Ch ! transfer coefficient for sensible heat (Q_sens)
367	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: Ce ! tansfert coefficient for evaporation (Q_lat)
368	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zst ! surface temperature in Kelvin
369	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zt_zu ! air temperature at wind speed height
370	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zq_zu ! air spec. hum. at wind speed height
371	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zU_zu ! bulk wind speed at height zu [m/s]
372	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: ztpot ! potential temperature of air at z=rn_zqt [K]
373	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zrhoa ! density of air [kg/m^3]
374	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
375	!
376	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_oce')
377	!
378	!
379
380	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
381	zst(:,:) = pst(:,:) + rt0 ! convert SST from Celcius to Kelvin (and set minimum value far above 0 K)
382
383	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
384	! 0 Wind components and module at T-point relative to the moving ocean !
385	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
386
387	! ... components ( U10m - U_oce ) at T-point (unmasked)
388	!!gm move zwnd_i (_j) set to zero inside the key_cyclone ???
389	zwnd_i(:,:) = 0._wp
390	zwnd_j(:,:) = 0._wp
391	#if defined key_cyclone
392	CALL wnd_cyc( kt, zwnd_i, zwnd_j ) ! add analytical tropical cyclone (Vincent et al. JGR 2012)
393	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
394	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
395	sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) + zwnd_i(ji,jj)
396	sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) + zwnd_j(ji,jj)
397	END DO
398	END DO
399	#endif
400	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
401	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
402	zwnd_i(ji,jj) = ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( pu(ji-1,jj ) + pu(ji,jj) ) )
403	zwnd_j(ji,jj) = ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( pv(ji ,jj-1) + pv(ji,jj) ) )
404	END DO
405	END DO
406	CALL lbc_lnk( zwnd_i(:,:) , 'T', -1. )
407	CALL lbc_lnk( zwnd_j(:,:) , 'T', -1. )
408	! ... scalar wind ( = \| U10m - U_oce \| ) at T-point (masked)
409	wndm(:,:) = SQRT( zwnd_i(:,:) * zwnd_i(:,:) &
410	& + zwnd_j(:,:) * zwnd_j(:,:) ) * tmask(:,:,1)
411
412	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
413	! I Radiative FLUXES !
414	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
415
416	! ocean albedo assumed to be constant + modify now Qsr to include the diurnal cycle ! Short Wave
417	zztmp = 1. - albo
418	IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN ; qsr(:,:) = zztmp * sbc_dcy( sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * tmask(:,:,1)
419	ELSE ; qsr(:,:) = zztmp * sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) * tmask(:,:,1)
420	ENDIF
421
422	zqlw(:,:) = ( sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(:,:,1) - Stef * zst(:,:)zst(:,:)zst(:,:)zst(:,:) ) tmask(:,:,1) ! Long Wave
423
424
425
426	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
427	! II Turbulent FLUXES !
428	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
429
430	! ... specific humidity at SST and IST tmask(
431	zsq(:,:) = 0.98 * q_sat( zst(:,:), sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1) )
432	!!
433	!! Estimate of potential temperature at z=rn_zqt, based on adiabatic lapse-rate
434	!! (see Josey, Gulev & Yu, 2013) / doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-391851-2.00005-2
435	!! (since reanalysis products provide T at z, not theta !)
436	ztpot = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) + gamma_moist( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * rn_zqt
437
438	SELECT CASE( nblk ) !== transfer coefficients ==! Cd, Ch, Ce at T-point
439	!
440	CASE( np_NCAR ) ; CALL turb_ncar ( rn_zqt, rn_zu, zst, ztpot, zsq, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, & ! NCAR-COREv2
441	& Cd, Ch, Ce, zt_zu, zq_zu, zU_zu )
442	CASE( np_COARE_3p0 ) ; CALL turb_coare ( rn_zqt, rn_zu, zst, ztpot, zsq, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, & ! COARE v3.0
443	& Cd, Ch, Ce, zt_zu, zq_zu, zU_zu )
444	CASE( np_COARE_3p5 ) ; CALL turb_coare3p5( rn_zqt, rn_zu, zst, ztpot, zsq, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, & ! COARE v3.5
445	& Cd, Ch, Ce, zt_zu, zq_zu, zU_zu )
446	CASE( np_ECMWF ) ; CALL turb_ecmwf ( rn_zqt, rn_zu, zst, ztpot, zsq, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, & ! ECMWF
447	& Cd, Ch, Ce, zt_zu, zq_zu, zU_zu )
448	CASE DEFAULT
449	CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_oce: non-existing bulk formula selected' )
450	END SELECT
451
452	! ! Compute true air density :
453	IF( ABS(rn_zu - rn_zqt) > 0.01 ) THEN ! At zu: (probably useless to remove zrhogravrn_zu from SLP...)
454	zrhoa(:,:) = rho_air( zt_zu(:,:) , zq_zu(:,:) , sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1) )
455	ELSE ! At zt:
456	zrhoa(:,:) = rho_air( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1) )
457	END IF
458
459	Cd_oce(:,:) = Cd(:,:) ! record value of pure ocean-atm. drag (clem)
460
461	DO jj = 1, jpj ! tau module, i and j component
462	DO ji = 1, jpi
463	zztmp = zrhoa(ji,jj) * zU_zu(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj) ! using bulk wind speed
464	taum (ji,jj) = zztmp * wndm (ji,jj)
465	zwnd_i(ji,jj) = zztmp * zwnd_i(ji,jj)
466	zwnd_j(ji,jj) = zztmp * zwnd_j(ji,jj)
467	END DO
468	END DO
469
470	! ! add the HF tau contribution to the wind stress module
471	IF( lhftau ) taum(:,:) = taum(:,:) + sf(jp_tdif)%fnow(:,:,1)
472
473	CALL iom_put( "taum_oce", taum ) ! output wind stress module
474
475	! ... utau, vtau at U- and V_points, resp.
476	! Note the use of 0.5*(2-umask) in order to unmask the stress along coastlines
477	! Note the use of MAX(tmask(i,j),tmask(i+1,j) is to mask tau over ice shelves
478	DO jj = 1, jpjm1
479	DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1
480	utau(ji,jj) = 0.5 * ( 2. - umask(ji,jj,1) ) * ( zwnd_i(ji,jj) + zwnd_i(ji+1,jj ) ) &
481	& * MAX(tmask(ji,jj,1),tmask(ji+1,jj,1))
482	vtau(ji,jj) = 0.5 * ( 2. - vmask(ji,jj,1) ) * ( zwnd_j(ji,jj) + zwnd_j(ji ,jj+1) ) &
483	& * MAX(tmask(ji,jj,1),tmask(ji,jj+1,1))
484	END DO
485	END DO
486	CALL lbc_lnk( utau(:,:), 'U', -1. )
487	CALL lbc_lnk( vtau(:,:), 'V', -1. )
488
489
490	! Turbulent fluxes over ocean
491	! -----------------------------
492
493	! zqla used as temporary array, for rho*U (common term of bulk formulae):
494	zqla(:,:) = zrhoa(:,:) * zU_zu(:,:)
495
496	IF( ABS( rn_zu - rn_zqt) < 0.01_wp ) THEN
497	!! q_air and t_air are given at 10m (wind reference height)
498	zevap(:,:) = rn_efacMAX( 0._wp, zqla(:,:)Ce(:,:)*(zsq(:,:) - sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1)) ) ! Evaporation, using bulk wind speed
499	zqsb (:,:) = cp_air(sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1))zqla(:,:)Ch(:,:)*(zst(:,:) - ztpot(:,:) ) ! Sensible Heat, using bulk wind speed
500	ELSE
501	!! q_air and t_air are not given at 10m (wind reference height)
502	! Values of temp. and hum. adjusted to height of wind during bulk algorithm iteration must be used!!!
503	zevap(:,:) = rn_efacMAX( 0._wp, zqla(:,:)Ce(:,:)*(zsq(:,:) - zq_zu(:,:) ) ) ! Evaporation ! using bulk wind speed
504	zqsb (:,:) = cp_air(sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1))zqla(:,:)Ch(:,:)*(zst(:,:) - zt_zu(:,:) ) ! Sensible Heat ! using bulk wind speed
505	ENDIF
506
507	zqla(:,:) = L_vap(zst(:,:)) * zevap(:,:) ! Latent Heat flux
508
509
510	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
511	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqla , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqla : ', tab2d_2=Ce , clinfo2=' Ce : ' )
512	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqsb , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqsb : ', tab2d_2=Ch , clinfo2=' Ch : ' )
513	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqlw , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqlw : ', tab2d_2=qsr, clinfo2=' qsr : ' )
514	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zsq , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zsq : ', tab2d_2=zst, clinfo2=' zst : ' )
515	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=utau , clinfo1=' blk_oce: utau : ', mask1=umask, &
516	& tab2d_2=vtau , clinfo2= ' vtau : ', mask2=vmask )
517	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=wndm , clinfo1=' blk_oce: wndm : ')
518	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zst , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zst : ')
519	ENDIF
520
521	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
522	! III Total FLUXES !
523	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
524	!
525	emp (:,:) = ( zevap(:,:) & ! mass flux (evap. - precip.)
526	& - sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ) * tmask(:,:,1)
527	!
528	qns(:,:) = zqlw(:,:) - zqsb(:,:) - zqla(:,:) & ! Downward Non Solar
529	& - sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac * lfus & ! remove latent melting heat for solid precip
530	& - zevap(:,:) * pst(:,:) * rcp & ! remove evap heat content at SST
531	& + ( sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) - sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * rn_pfac & ! add liquid precip heat content at Tair
532	& * ( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) - rt0 ) * rcp &
533	& + sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac & ! add solid precip heat content at min(Tair,Tsnow)
534	& * ( MIN( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), rt0_snow ) - rt0 ) * cpic * tmask(:,:,1)
535	!
536	#if defined key_lim3
537	qns_oce(:,:) = zqlw(:,:) - zqsb(:,:) - zqla(:,:) ! non solar without emp (only needed by LIM3)
538	qsr_oce(:,:) = qsr(:,:)
539	#endif
540	!
541	IF ( nn_ice == 0 ) THEN
542	CALL iom_put( "qlw_oce" , zqlw ) ! output downward longwave heat over the ocean
543	CALL iom_put( "qsb_oce" , - zqsb ) ! output downward sensible heat over the ocean
544	CALL iom_put( "qla_oce" , - zqla ) ! output downward latent heat over the ocean
545	CALL iom_put( "qemp_oce", qns-zqlw+zqsb+zqla ) ! output downward heat content of E-P over the ocean
546	CALL iom_put( "qns_oce" , qns ) ! output downward non solar heat over the ocean
547	CALL iom_put( "qsr_oce" , qsr ) ! output downward solar heat over the ocean
548	CALL iom_put( "qt_oce" , qns+qsr ) ! output total downward heat over the ocean
549	tprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ! output total precipitation [kg/m2/s]
550	sprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ! output solid precipitation [kg/m2/s]
551	CALL iom_put( 'snowpre', sprecip * 86400. ) ! Snow
552	CALL iom_put( 'precip' , tprecip * 86400. ) ! Total precipitation
553	ENDIF
554	!
555	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
556	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqsb , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqsb : ', tab2d_2=zqlw , clinfo2=' zqlw : ')
557	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqla , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqla : ', tab2d_2=qsr , clinfo2=' qsr : ')
558	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=pst , clinfo1=' blk_oce: pst : ', tab2d_2=emp , clinfo2=' emp : ')
559	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=utau , clinfo1=' blk_oce: utau : ', mask1=umask, &
560	& tab2d_2=vtau , clinfo2= ' vtau : ' , mask2=vmask )
561	ENDIF
562	!
563	!
564	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_oce')
565	!
566	END SUBROUTINE blk_oce
567
568	#if defined key_lim2 \|\| defined key_lim3
569
570	SUBROUTINE blk_ice_tau
571	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
572	!! * ROUTINE blk_ice_tau *
573	!!
574	!! ** Purpose : provide the surface boundary condition over sea-ice
575	!!
576	!! ** Method : compute momentum using bulk formulation
577	!! formulea, ice variables and read atmospheric fields.
578	!! NB: ice drag coefficient is assumed to be a constant
579	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
580	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
581	!
582	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zrhoa
583	!
584	REAL(wp) :: zwnorm_f, zwndi_f , zwndj_f ! relative wind module and components at F-point
585	REAL(wp) :: zwndi_t , zwndj_t ! relative wind components at T-point
586	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: Cd ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
587	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
588	!
589	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_ice_tau')
590	!
591
592	Cd(:,:) = Cd_ice
593
594	! Make ice-atm. drag dependent on ice concentration (see Lupkes et al. 2012) (clem)
595	#if defined key_lim3
596	IF( ln_Cd_L12 ) THEN
597	CALL Cdn10_Lupkes2012( Cd ) ! calculate new drag from Lupkes(2012) equations
598	ENDIF
599	#endif
600
601	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
602	! Computing density of air! Way denser that 1.2 over sea-ice !!!
603	!!
604	zrhoa (:,:) = rho_air(sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1))
605
606	!!gm brutal....
607	utau_ice (:,:) = 0._wp
608	vtau_ice (:,:) = 0._wp
609	wndm_ice (:,:) = 0._wp
610	!!gm end
611
612	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
613	! Wind components and module relative to the moving ocean ( U10m - U_ice ) !
614	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
615	SELECT CASE( cp_ice_msh )
616	CASE( 'I' ) ! B-grid ice dynamics : I-point (i.e. F-point with sea-ice indexation)
617	! and scalar wind at T-point ( = \| U10m - U_ice \| ) (masked)
618	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
619	DO ji = 2, jpim1 ! B grid : NO vector opt
620	! ... scalar wind at I-point (fld being at T-point)
621	zwndi_f = 0.25 * ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji-1,jj ,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji ,jj ,1) &
622	& + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji-1,jj-1,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji ,jj-1,1) ) - rn_vfac * u_ice(ji,jj)
623	zwndj_f = 0.25 * ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji-1,jj ,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji ,jj ,1) &
624	& + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji-1,jj-1,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji ,jj-1,1) ) - rn_vfac * v_ice(ji,jj)
625	zwnorm_f = zrhoa(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj) * SQRT( zwndi_f * zwndi_f + zwndj_f * zwndj_f )
626	! ... ice stress at I-point
627	utau_ice(ji,jj) = zwnorm_f * zwndi_f
628	vtau_ice(ji,jj) = zwnorm_f * zwndj_f
629	! ... scalar wind at T-point (fld being at T-point)
630	zwndi_t = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.25 * ( u_ice(ji,jj+1) + u_ice(ji+1,jj+1) &
631	& + u_ice(ji,jj ) + u_ice(ji+1,jj ) )
632	zwndj_t = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.25 * ( v_ice(ji,jj+1) + v_ice(ji+1,jj+1) &
633	& + v_ice(ji,jj ) + v_ice(ji+1,jj ) )
634	wndm_ice(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwndi_t * zwndi_t + zwndj_t * zwndj_t ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
635	END DO
636	END DO
637	CALL lbc_lnk( utau_ice, 'I', -1. )
638	CALL lbc_lnk( vtau_ice, 'I', -1. )
639	CALL lbc_lnk( wndm_ice, 'T', 1. )
640	!
641	CASE( 'C' ) ! C-grid ice dynamics : U & V-points (same as ocean)
642	DO jj = 2, jpj
643	DO ji = fs_2, jpi ! vect. opt.
644	zwndi_t = ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( u_ice(ji-1,jj ) + u_ice(ji,jj) ) )
645	zwndj_t = ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( v_ice(ji ,jj-1) + v_ice(ji,jj) ) )
646	wndm_ice(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwndi_t * zwndi_t + zwndj_t * zwndj_t ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
647	END DO
648	END DO
649	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
650	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
651	utau_ice(ji,jj) = 0.5 * zrhoa(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj) * ( wndm_ice(ji+1,jj ) + wndm_ice(ji,jj) ) &
652	& * ( 0.5 * (sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji+1,jj,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) - rn_vfac * u_ice(ji,jj) )
653	vtau_ice(ji,jj) = 0.5 * zrhoa(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj) * ( wndm_ice(ji,jj+1 ) + wndm_ice(ji,jj) ) &
654	& * ( 0.5 * (sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj+1,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) - rn_vfac * v_ice(ji,jj) )
655	END DO
656	END DO
657	CALL lbc_lnk( utau_ice, 'U', -1. )
658	CALL lbc_lnk( vtau_ice, 'V', -1. )
659	CALL lbc_lnk( wndm_ice, 'T', 1. )
660	!
661	END SELECT
662
663	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
664	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=utau_ice , clinfo1=' blk_ice: utau_ice : ', tab2d_2=vtau_ice , clinfo2=' vtau_ice : ')
665	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=wndm_ice , clinfo1=' blk_ice: wndm_ice : ')
666	ENDIF
667
668	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_ice_tau')
669
670	END SUBROUTINE blk_ice_tau
671
672
673	SUBROUTINE blk_ice_flx( ptsu, palb )
674	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
675	!! * ROUTINE blk_ice_flx *
676	!!
677	!! ** Purpose : provide the surface boundary condition over sea-ice
678	!!
679	!! ** Method : compute heat and freshwater exchanged
680	!! between atmosphere and sea-ice using bulk formulation
681	!! formulea, ice variables and read atmmospheric fields.
682	!!
683	!! caution : the net upward water flux has with mm/day unit
684	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
685	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in) :: ptsu ! sea ice surface temperature
686	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in) :: palb ! ice albedo (all skies)
687	!!
688	INTEGER :: ji, jj, jl ! dummy loop indices
689	REAL(wp) :: zst2, zst3 ! local variable
690	REAL(wp) :: zcoef_dqlw, zcoef_dqla ! - -
691	REAL(wp) :: zztmp, z1_lsub ! - -
692	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpl) :: z_qlw ! long wave heat flux over ice
693	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpl) :: z_qsb ! sensible heat flux over ice
694	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpl) :: z_dqlw ! long wave heat sensitivity over ice
695	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpl) :: z_dqsb ! sensible heat sensitivity over ice
696	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zevap, zsnw ! evaporation and snw distribution after wind blowing (LIM3)
697	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zrhoa
698	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: Cd ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
699	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
700	!
701	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_ice_flx')
702	!
703
704	Cd(:,:) = Cd_ice
705
706	! Make ice-atm. drag dependent on ice concentration (see Lupkes et al. 2012) (clem)
707	#if defined key_lim3
708	IF( ln_Cd_L12 ) THEN
709	CALL Cdn10_Lupkes2012( Cd ) ! calculate new drag from Lupkes(2012) equations
710	ENDIF
711	#endif
712
713	!
714	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
715	zcoef_dqlw = 4.0 * 0.95 * Stef
716	zcoef_dqla = -Ls * 11637800. * (-5897.8)
717	!
718	zrhoa(:,:) = rho_air( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1) )
719	!
720	zztmp = 1. / ( 1. - albo )
721	! ! ========================== !
722	DO jl = 1, jpl ! Loop over ice categories !
723	! ! ========================== !
724	DO jj = 1 , jpj
725	DO ji = 1, jpi
726	! ----------------------------!
727	! I Radiative FLUXES !
728	! ----------------------------!
729	zst2 = ptsu(ji,jj,jl) * ptsu(ji,jj,jl)
730	zst3 = ptsu(ji,jj,jl) * zst2
731	! Short Wave (sw)
732	qsr_ice(ji,jj,jl) = zztmp * ( 1. - palb(ji,jj,jl) ) * qsr(ji,jj)
733	! Long Wave (lw)
734	z_qlw(ji,jj,jl) = 0.95 * ( sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - Stef * ptsu(ji,jj,jl) * zst3 ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
735	! lw sensitivity
736	z_dqlw(ji,jj,jl) = zcoef_dqlw * zst3
737
738	! ----------------------------!
739	! II Turbulent FLUXES !
740	! ----------------------------!
741
742	! ... turbulent heat fluxes
743	! Sensible Heat
744	z_qsb(ji,jj,jl) = zrhoa(ji,jj) * cpa * Cd(ji,jj) * wndm_ice(ji,jj) * ( ptsu(ji,jj,jl) - sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1) )
745	! Latent Heat
746	qla_ice(ji,jj,jl) = rn_efac * MAX( 0.e0, zrhoa(ji,jj) * Ls * Cd(ji,jj) * wndm_ice(ji,jj) &
747	& * ( 11637800. * EXP( -5897.8 / ptsu(ji,jj,jl) ) / zrhoa(ji,jj) - sf(jp_humi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) )
748	! Latent heat sensitivity for ice (Dqla/Dt)
749	IF( qla_ice(ji,jj,jl) > 0._wp ) THEN
750	dqla_ice(ji,jj,jl) = rn_efac * zcoef_dqla * Cd(ji,jj) * wndm_ice(ji,jj) / ( zst2 ) * EXP( -5897.8 / ptsu(ji,jj,jl) )
751	ELSE
752	dqla_ice(ji,jj,jl) = 0._wp
753	ENDIF
754
755	! Sensible heat sensitivity (Dqsb_ice/Dtn_ice)
756	z_dqsb(ji,jj,jl) = zrhoa(ji,jj) * cpa * Cd(ji,jj) * wndm_ice(ji,jj)
757
758	! ----------------------------!
759	! III Total FLUXES !
760	! ----------------------------!
761	! Downward Non Solar flux
762	qns_ice (ji,jj,jl) = z_qlw (ji,jj,jl) - z_qsb (ji,jj,jl) - qla_ice (ji,jj,jl)
763	! Total non solar heat flux sensitivity for ice
764	dqns_ice(ji,jj,jl) = - ( z_dqlw(ji,jj,jl) + z_dqsb(ji,jj,jl) + dqla_ice(ji,jj,jl) )
765	END DO
766	!
767	END DO
768	!
769	END DO
770	!
771	tprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ! total precipitation [kg/m2/s]
772	sprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ! solid precipitation [kg/m2/s]
773	CALL iom_put( 'snowpre', sprecip * 86400. ) ! Snow precipitation
774	CALL iom_put( 'precip' , tprecip * 86400. ) ! Total precipitation
775
776	#if defined key_lim3
777
778	! --- evaporation --- !
779	z1_lsub = 1._wp / Lsub
780	evap_ice (:,:,:) = rn_efac * qla_ice (:,:,:) * z1_lsub ! sublimation
781	devap_ice(:,:,:) = rn_efac * dqla_ice(:,:,:) * z1_lsub ! d(sublimation)/dT
782	zevap (:,:) = rn_efac * ( emp(:,:) + tprecip(:,:) ) ! evaporation over ocean
783
784	! --- evaporation minus precipitation --- !
785	zsnw(:,:) = 0._wp
786	CALL lim_thd_snwblow( pfrld, zsnw ) ! snow distribution over ice after wind blowing
787	emp_oce(:,:) = pfrld(:,:) * zevap(:,:) - ( tprecip(:,:) - sprecip(:,:) ) - sprecip(:,:) * (1._wp - zsnw )
788	emp_ice(:,:) = SUM( a_i_b(:,:,:) * evap_ice(:,:,:), dim=3 ) - sprecip(:,:) * zsnw
789	emp_tot(:,:) = emp_oce(:,:) + emp_ice(:,:)
790
791	! --- heat flux associated with emp --- !
792	qemp_oce(:,:) = - pfrld(:,:) * zevap(:,:) * sst_m(:,:) * rcp & ! evap at sst
793	& + ( tprecip(:,:) - sprecip(:,:) ) * ( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) - rt0 ) * rcp & ! liquid precip at Tair
794	& + sprecip(:,:) * ( 1._wp - zsnw ) * & ! solid precip at min(Tair,Tsnow)
795	& ( ( MIN( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), rt0_snow ) - rt0 ) * cpic * tmask(:,:,1) - lfus )
796	qemp_ice(:,:) = sprecip(:,:) * zsnw * & ! solid precip (only)
797	& ( ( MIN( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), rt0_snow ) - rt0 ) * cpic * tmask(:,:,1) - lfus )
798
799	! --- total solar and non solar fluxes --- !
800	qns_tot(:,:) = pfrld(:,:) * qns_oce(:,:) + SUM( a_i_b(:,:,:) * qns_ice(:,:,:), dim=3 ) + qemp_ice(:,:) + qemp_oce(:,:)
801	qsr_tot(:,:) = pfrld(:,:) * qsr_oce(:,:) + SUM( a_i_b(:,:,:) * qsr_ice(:,:,:), dim=3 )
802
803	! --- heat content of precip over ice in J/m3 (to be used in 1D-thermo) --- !
804	qprec_ice(:,:) = rhosn * ( ( MIN( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), rt0_snow ) - rt0 ) * cpic * tmask(:,:,1) - lfus )
805
806	! --- heat content of evap over ice in W/m2 (to be used in 1D-thermo) ---
807	DO jl = 1, jpl
808	qevap_ice(:,:,jl) = 0._wp ! should be -evap_ice(:,:,jl)( ( Tice - rt0 ) cpic * tmask(:,:,1) )
809	! But we do not have Tice => consider it at 0degC => evap=0
810	END DO
811
812	#endif
813
814	!--------------------------------------------------------------------
815	! FRACTIONs of net shortwave radiation which is not absorbed in the
816	! thin surface layer and penetrates inside the ice cover
817	! ( Maykut and Untersteiner, 1971 ; Ebert and Curry, 1993 )
818	!
819	fr1_i0(:,:) = ( 0.18 * ( 1.0 - cldf_ice ) + 0.35 * cldf_ice )
820	fr2_i0(:,:) = ( 0.82 * ( 1.0 - cldf_ice ) + 0.65 * cldf_ice )
821	!
822	!
823	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
824	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=qla_ice , clinfo1=' blk_ice: qla_ice : ', tab3d_2=z_qsb , clinfo2=' z_qsb : ', kdim=jpl)
825	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_qlw , clinfo1=' blk_ice: z_qlw : ', tab3d_2=dqla_ice, clinfo2=' dqla_ice : ', kdim=jpl)
826	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_dqsb , clinfo1=' blk_ice: z_dqsb : ', tab3d_2=z_dqlw , clinfo2=' z_dqlw : ', kdim=jpl)
827	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=dqns_ice, clinfo1=' blk_ice: dqns_ice : ', tab3d_2=qsr_ice , clinfo2=' qsr_ice : ', kdim=jpl)
828	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=ptsu , clinfo1=' blk_ice: ptsu : ', tab3d_2=qns_ice , clinfo2=' qns_ice : ', kdim=jpl)
829	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=tprecip , clinfo1=' blk_ice: tprecip : ', tab2d_2=sprecip , clinfo2=' sprecip : ')
830	ENDIF
831
832	!
833	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_ice_flx')
834
835	END SUBROUTINE blk_ice_flx
836
837	#endif
838
839	FUNCTION rho_air( ptak, pqa, pslp )
840	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
841	!! * FUNCTION rho_air *
842	!!
843	!! ** Purpose : compute density of (moist) air using the eq. of state of the atmosphere
844	!!
845	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
846	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
847	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: ptak ! air temperature [K]
848	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pqa ! air specific humidity [kg/kg]
849	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pslp ! pressure in [Pa]
850	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: rho_air ! density of moist air [kg/m^3]
851	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
852	!
853	rho_air = pslp / ( R_dryptak ( 1._wp + rctv0*pqa ) )
854	!
855	END FUNCTION rho_air
856
857
858	FUNCTION cp_air( pqa )
859	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
860	!! * FUNCTION cp_air *
861	!!
862	!! ** Purpose : Compute specific heat (Cp) of moist air
863	!!
864	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
865	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
866	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pqa ! air specific humidity [kg/kg]
867	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: cp_air ! specific heat of moist air [J/K/kg]
868	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
869	!
870	Cp_air = Cp_dry + Cp_vap * pqa
871	!
872	END FUNCTION cp_air
873
874
875	FUNCTION q_sat( ptak, pslp )
876	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
877	!! * FUNCTION q_sat *
878	!!
879	!! ** Purpose : Specific humidity at saturation in [kg/kg]
880	!! Based on accurate estimate of "e_sat"
881	!! aka saturation water vapor (Goff, 1957)
882	!!
883	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
884	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
885	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: ptak ! air temperature [K]
886	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pslp ! sea level atmospheric pressure [Pa]
887	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: q_sat ! Specific humidity at saturation [kg/kg]
888	!
889	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
890	REAL(wp) :: ze_sat, ztmp ! local scalar
891	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
892	!
893	DO jj = 1, jpj
894	DO ji = 1, jpi
895	!
896	ztmp = rt0 / ptak(ji,jj)
897	!
898	! Vapour pressure at saturation [hPa] : WMO, (Goff, 1957)
899	ze_sat = 10.*( 10.79574(1. - ztmp) - 5.028*LOG10(ptak(ji,jj)/rt0) &
900	& + 1.5047510.(-4)(1. - 10.*(-8.2969(ptak(ji,jj)/rt0 - 1.)) ) &
901	& + 0.4287310.(-3)(10.*(4.76955(1. - ztmp)) - 1.) + 0.78614 )
902	!
903	q_sat(ji,jj) = reps0 * ze_sat/( 0.01_wppslp(ji,jj) - (1._wp - reps0)ze_sat ) ! 0.01 because SLP is in [Pa]
904	!
905	END DO
906	END DO
907	!
908	END FUNCTION q_sat
909
910
911	FUNCTION gamma_moist( ptak, pqa )
912	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
913	!! * FUNCTION gamma_moist *
914	!!
915	!! ** Purpose : Compute the moist adiabatic lapse-rate.
916	!! => http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Moist-adiabatic_lapse_rate
917	!! => http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~joel/g266_s10/lecture_notes/chapt03/oh10_3_01/oh10_3_01.html
918	!!
919	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
920	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
921	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: ptak ! air temperature [K]
922	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pqa ! specific humidity [kg/kg]
923	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: gamma_moist ! moist adiabatic lapse-rate
924	!
925	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
926	REAL(wp) :: zrv, ziRT ! local scalar
927	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
928	!
929	DO jj = 1, jpj
930	DO ji = 1, jpi
931	zrv = pqa(ji,jj) / (1. - pqa(ji,jj))
932	ziRT = 1. / (R_dry*ptak(ji,jj)) ! 1/RT
933	gamma_moist(ji,jj) = grav * ( 1. + cevapzrvziRT ) / ( Cp_dry + cevapcevapzrvreps0ziRT/ptak(ji,jj) )
934	END DO
935	END DO
936	!
937	END FUNCTION gamma_moist
938
939
940	FUNCTION L_vap( psst )
941	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
942	!! * FUNCTION L_vap *
943	!!
944	!! ** Purpose : Compute the latent heat of vaporization of water from temperature
945	!!
946	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
947	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
948	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: L_vap ! latent heat of vaporization [J/kg]
949	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: psst ! water temperature [K]
950	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
951	!
952	L_vap = ( 2.501 - 0.00237 * ( psst(:,:) - rt0) ) * 1.e6
953	!
954	END FUNCTION L_vap
955
956
957	#if defined key_lim3
958	SUBROUTINE Cdn10_Lupkes2012( Cd )
959	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
960	!! * ROUTINE Cdn10_Lupkes2012 *
961	!!
962	!! ** Purpose : Recompute the ice-atm drag at 10m height to make
963	!! it dependent on edges at leads, melt ponds and flows.
964	!! After some approximations, this can be resumed to a dependency
965	!! on ice concentration.
966	!!
967	!! ** Method : The parameterization is taken from Lupkes et al. (2012) eq.(50)
968	!! with the highest level of approximation: level4, eq.(59)
969	!! The generic drag over a cell partly covered by ice can be re-written as follows:
970	!!
971	!! Cd = Cdw * (1-A) + Cdi * A + Ce * (1-A)*(nu+1/(10beta)) * A**mu
972	!!
973	!! Ce = 2.23e-3 , as suggested by Lupkes (eq. 59)
974	!! nu = mu = beta = 1 , as suggested by Lupkes (eq. 59)
975	!! A is the concentration of ice minus melt ponds (if any)
976	!!
977	!! This new drag has a parabolic shape (as a function of A) starting at
978	!! Cdw(say 1.5e-3) for A=0, reaching 1.97e-3 for A~0.5
979	!! and going down to Cdi(say 1.4e-3) for A=1
980	!!
981	!! It is theoretically applicable to all ice conditions (not only MIZ)
982	!! => see Lupkes et al (2013)
983	!!
984	!! ** References : Lupkes et al. JGR 2012 (theory)
985	!! Lupkes et al. GRL 2013 (application to GCM)
986	!!
987	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
988	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(inout) :: Cd
989	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: zCe = 2.23e-03_wp
990	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: znu = 1._wp
991	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: zmu = 1._wp
992	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: zbeta = 1._wp
993	REAL(wp) :: zcoef
994	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
995	zcoef = znu + 1._wp / ( 10._wp * zbeta )
996
997	! generic drag over a cell partly covered by ice
998	!!Cd(:,:) = Cd_oce(:,:) * ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) ) + & ! pure ocean drag
999	!! & Cd_ice * at_i_b(:,:) + & ! pure ice drag
1000	!! & zCe * ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) )*zcoef at_i_b(:,:)**zmu ! change due to sea-ice morphology
1001
1002	! ice-atm drag
1003	Cd(:,:) = Cd_ice + & ! pure ice drag
1004	& zCe * ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) )*zcoef at_i_b(:,:)**(zmu-1._wp) ! change due to sea-ice morphology
1005
1006	END SUBROUTINE Cdn10_Lupkes2012
1007	#endif
1008
1009
1010	!!======================================================================
1011	END MODULE sbcblk

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