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sbcblk_core.F90 in branches/UKMO/2014_Surge_Modelling/NEMOGCM/NEMO/OPA_SRC/SBC – NEMO

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source: branches/UKMO/2014_Surge_Modelling/NEMOGCM/NEMO/OPA_SRC/SBC/sbcblk_core.F90 @ 4708

Last change on this file since 4708 was 4708, checked in by rfurner, 10 years ago
changes to remove tracer modules and produce barotropic model
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 58.6 KB

Line
1	MODULE sbcblk_core
2	!!======================================================================
3	!! * MODULE sbcblk_core *
4	!! Ocean forcing: momentum, heat and freshwater flux formulation
5	!!=====================================================================
6	!! History : 1.0 ! 2004-08 (U. Schweckendiek) Original code
7	!! 2.0 ! 2005-04 (L. Brodeau, A.M. Treguier) additions:
8	!! - new bulk routine for efficiency
9	!! - WINDS ARE NOW ASSUMED TO BE AT T POINTS in input files !!!!
10	!! - file names and file characteristics in namelist
11	!! - Implement reading of 6-hourly fields
12	!! 3.0 ! 2006-06 (G. Madec) sbc rewritting
13	!! - ! 2006-12 (L. Brodeau) Original code for TURB_CORE_2Z
14	!! 3.2 ! 2009-04 (B. Lemaire) Introduce iom_put
15	!! 3.3 ! 2010-10 (S. Masson) add diurnal cycle
16	!! 3.4 ! 2011-11 (C. Harris) Fill arrays required by CICE
17	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
18
19	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
20	!! sbc_blk_core : bulk formulation as ocean surface boundary condition
21	!! (forced mode, CORE bulk formulea)
22	!! blk_oce_core : ocean: computes momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes
23	!! blk_ice_core : ice : computes momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes
24	!! turb_core : computes the CORE turbulent transfer coefficients
25	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
26	USE oce ! ocean dynamics and tracers
27	USE dom_oce ! ocean space and time domain
28	USE phycst ! physical constants
29	USE fldread ! read input fields
30	USE sbc_oce ! Surface boundary condition: ocean fields
31	USE cyclone ! Cyclone 10m wind form trac of cyclone centres
32	USE sbcdcy ! surface boundary condition: diurnal cycle
33	USE iom ! I/O manager library
34	USE in_out_manager ! I/O manager
35	USE lib_mpp ! distribued memory computing library
36	USE wrk_nemo ! work arrays
37	USE timing ! Timing
38	USE lbclnk ! ocean lateral boundary conditions (or mpp link)
39	USE prtctl ! Print control
40	USE sbcwave,ONLY : cdn_wave !wave module
41	#if defined key_lim3 \|\| defined key_cice
42	USE sbc_ice ! Surface boundary condition: ice fields
43	#endif
44	USE lib_fortran ! to use key_nosignedzero
45
46	IMPLICIT NONE
47	PRIVATE
48
49	PUBLIC sbc_blk_core ! routine called in sbcmod module
50	PUBLIC blk_ice_core ! routine called in sbc_ice_lim module
51	PUBLIC blk_ice_meanqsr ! routine called in sbc_ice_lim module
52	PUBLIC turb_core_2z ! routine calles in sbcblk_mfs module
53
54	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jpfld = 9 ! maximum number of files to read
55	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_wndi = 1 ! index of 10m wind velocity (i-component) (m/s) at T-point
56	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_wndj = 2 ! index of 10m wind velocity (j-component) (m/s) at T-point
57	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_humi = 3 ! index of specific humidity ( % )
58	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_qsr = 4 ! index of solar heat (W/m2)
59	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_qlw = 5 ! index of Long wave (W/m2)
60	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_tair = 6 ! index of 10m air temperature (Kelvin)
61	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_prec = 7 ! index of total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s)
62	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_snow = 8 ! index of snow (solid prcipitation) (kg/m2/s)
63	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_tdif = 9 ! index of tau diff associated to HF tau (N/m2) at T-point
64
65	TYPE(FLD), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! structure of input fields (file informations, fields read)
66
67	! !!! CORE bulk parameters
68	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: rhoa = 1.22 ! air density
69	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: cpa = 1000.5 ! specific heat of air
70	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Lv = 2.5e6 ! latent heat of vaporization
71	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Ls = 2.839e6 ! latent heat of sublimation
72	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Stef = 5.67e-8 ! Stefan Boltzmann constant
73	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Cice = 1.4e-3 ! iovi 1.63e-3 ! transfer coefficient over ice
74	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: albo = 0.066 ! ocean albedo assumed to be constant
75
76	! !!* Namelist namsbc_core : CORE bulk parameters
77	LOGICAL :: ln_2m ! logical flag for height of air temp. and hum
78	LOGICAL :: ln_taudif ! logical flag to use the "mean of stress module - module of mean stress" data
79	REAL(wp) :: rn_pfac ! multiplication factor for precipitation
80	REAL(wp) :: rn_efac ! multiplication factor for evaporation (clem)
81	REAL(wp) :: rn_vfac ! multiplication factor for ice/ocean velocity in the calculation of wind stress (clem)
82	LOGICAL :: ln_bulk2z ! logical flag for case where z(q,t) and z(u) are specified in the namelist
83	REAL(wp) :: rn_zqt ! z(q,t) : height of humidity and temperature measurements
84	REAL(wp) :: rn_zu ! z(u) : height of wind measurements
85
86	!! * Substitutions
87	# include "domzgr_substitute.h90"
88	# include "vectopt_loop_substitute.h90"
89	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
90	!! NEMO/OPA 3.3 , NEMO-consortium (2010)
91	!! $Id$
92	!! Software governed by the CeCILL licence (NEMOGCM/NEMO_CeCILL.txt)
93	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
94	CONTAINS
95
96	SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_core( kt )
97	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
98	!! * ROUTINE sbc_blk_core *
99	!!
100	!! ** Purpose : provide at each time step the surface ocean fluxes
101	!! (momentum, heat, freshwater and runoff)
102	!!
103	!! ** Method : (1) READ each fluxes in NetCDF files:
104	!! the 10m wind velocity (i-component) (m/s) at T-point
105	!! the 10m wind velocity (j-component) (m/s) at T-point
106	!! the 10m or 2m specific humidity ( % )
107	!! the solar heat (W/m2)
108	!! the Long wave (W/m2)
109	!! the 10m or 2m air temperature (Kelvin)
110	!! the total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s)
111	!! the snow (solid prcipitation) (kg/m2/s)
112	!! the tau diff associated to HF tau (N/m2) at T-point (ln_taudif=T)
113	!! (2) CALL blk_oce_core
114	!!
115	!! C A U T I O N : never mask the surface stress fields
116	!! the stress is assumed to be in the (i,j) mesh referential
117	!!
118	!! ** Action : defined at each time-step at the air-sea interface
119	!! - utau, vtau i- and j-component of the wind stress
120	!! - taum, wndm wind stress and 10m wind modules at T-point
121	!! - qns, qsr non-solar and solar heat fluxes
122	!! - emp upward mass flux (evapo. - precip.)
123	!! - sfx salt flux due to freezing/melting (non-zero only if ice is present)
124	!! (set in limsbc(_2).F90)
125	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
126	INTEGER, INTENT(in) :: kt ! ocean time step
127	!!
128	INTEGER :: ierror ! return error code
129	INTEGER :: ifpr ! dummy loop indice
130	INTEGER :: jfld ! dummy loop arguments
131	INTEGER :: ios ! Local integer output status for namelist read
132	!!
133	CHARACTER(len=100) :: cn_dir ! Root directory for location of core files
134	TYPE(FLD_N), DIMENSION(jpfld) :: slf_i ! array of namelist informations on the fields to read
135	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_wndi, sn_wndj, sn_humi, sn_qsr ! informations about the fields to be read
136	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_qlw , sn_tair, sn_prec, sn_snow ! " "
137	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_tdif ! " "
138	NAMELIST/namsbc_core/ cn_dir , ln_2m , ln_taudif, rn_pfac, rn_efac, rn_vfac, &
139	& sn_wndi, sn_wndj, sn_humi , sn_qsr , &
140	& sn_qlw , sn_tair, sn_prec , sn_snow, &
141	& sn_tdif, rn_zqt , ln_bulk2z, rn_zu
142	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
143
144	! ! ====================== !
145	IF( kt == nit000 ) THEN ! First call kt=nit000 !
146	! ! ====================== !
147	!
148	REWIND( numnam_ref ) ! Namelist namsbc_core in reference namelist : CORE bulk parameters
149	READ ( numnam_ref, namsbc_core, IOSTAT = ios, ERR = 901)
150	901 IF( ios /= 0 ) CALL ctl_nam ( ios , 'namsbc_core in reference namelist', lwp )
151
152	REWIND( numnam_cfg ) ! Namelist namsbc_core in configuration namelist : CORE bulk parameters
153	READ ( numnam_cfg, namsbc_core, IOSTAT = ios, ERR = 902 )
154	902 IF( ios /= 0 ) CALL ctl_nam ( ios , 'namsbc_core in configuration namelist', lwp )
155
156	IF(lwm) WRITE ( numond, namsbc_core )
157	! ! check: do we plan to use ln_dm2dc with non-daily forcing?
158	IF( ln_dm2dc .AND. sn_qsr%nfreqh /= 24 ) &
159	& CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_core: ln_dm2dc can be activated only with daily short-wave forcing' )
160	IF( ln_dm2dc .AND. sn_qsr%ln_tint ) THEN
161	CALL ctl_warn( 'sbc_blk_core: ln_dm2dc is taking care of the temporal interpolation of daily qsr', &
162	& ' ==> We force time interpolation = .false. for qsr' )
163	sn_qsr%ln_tint = .false.
164	ENDIF
165	! ! store namelist information in an array
166	slf_i(jp_wndi) = sn_wndi ; slf_i(jp_wndj) = sn_wndj
167	slf_i(jp_qsr ) = sn_qsr ; slf_i(jp_qlw ) = sn_qlw
168	slf_i(jp_tair) = sn_tair ; slf_i(jp_humi) = sn_humi
169	slf_i(jp_prec) = sn_prec ; slf_i(jp_snow) = sn_snow
170	slf_i(jp_tdif) = sn_tdif
171	!
172	lhftau = ln_taudif ! do we use HF tau information?
173	jfld = jpfld - COUNT( (/.NOT. lhftau/) )
174	!
175	ALLOCATE( sf(jfld), STAT=ierror ) ! set sf structure
176	IF( ierror > 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk_core: unable to allocate sf structure' )
177	DO ifpr= 1, jfld
178	ALLOCATE( sf(ifpr)%fnow(jpi,jpj,1) )
179	IF( slf_i(ifpr)%ln_tint ) ALLOCATE( sf(ifpr)%fdta(jpi,jpj,1,2) )
180	END DO
181	! ! fill sf with slf_i and control print
182	CALL fld_fill( sf, slf_i, cn_dir, 'sbc_blk_core', 'flux formulation for ocean surface boundary condition', 'namsbc_core' )
183	!
184	sfx(:,:) = 0._wp ! salt flux; zero unless ice is present (computed in limsbc(_2).F90)
185	!
186	ENDIF
187
188	CALL fld_read( kt, nn_fsbc, sf ) ! input fields provided at the current time-step
189
190	! ! compute the surface ocean fluxes using CORE bulk formulea
191	IF( MOD( kt - 1, nn_fsbc ) == 0 ) CALL blk_oce_core( kt, sf, sst_m, ssu_m, ssv_m )
192
193	! If diurnal cycle is activated, compute a daily mean short waves flux for biogeochemistery
194	IF( ltrcdm2dc ) CALL blk_bio_meanqsr
195
196	#if defined key_cice
197	IF( MOD( kt - 1, nn_fsbc ) == 0 ) THEN
198	qlw_ice(:,:,1) = sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(:,:,1)
199	qsr_ice(:,:,1) = sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1)
200	tatm_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1)
201	qatm_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1)
202	tprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac
203	sprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac
204	wndi_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(:,:,1)
205	wndj_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(:,:,1)
206	ENDIF
207	#endif
208	!
209	END SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_core
210
211
212	SUBROUTINE blk_oce_core( kt, sf, pst, pu, pv )
213	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
214	!! * ROUTINE blk_core *
215	!!
216	!! ** Purpose : provide the momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes at
217	!! the ocean surface at each time step
218	!!
219	!! ** Method : CORE bulk formulea for the ocean using atmospheric
220	!! fields read in sbc_read
221	!!
222	!! ** Outputs : - utau : i-component of the stress at U-point (N/m2)
223	!! - vtau : j-component of the stress at V-point (N/m2)
224	!! - taum : Wind stress module at T-point (N/m2)
225	!! - wndm : Wind speed module at T-point (m/s)
226	!! - qsr : Solar heat flux over the ocean (W/m2)
227	!! - qns : Non Solar heat flux over the ocean (W/m2)
228	!! - evap : Evaporation over the ocean (kg/m2/s)
229	!! - emp : evaporation minus precipitation (kg/m2/s)
230	!!
231	!! ** Nota : sf has to be a dummy argument for AGRIF on NEC
232	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
233	INTEGER , INTENT(in ) :: kt ! time step index
234	TYPE(fld), INTENT(inout), DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! input data
235	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pst ! surface temperature [Celcius]
236	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pu ! surface current at U-point (i-component) [m/s]
237	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pv ! surface current at V-point (j-component) [m/s]
238	!
239	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
240	REAL(wp) :: zcoef_qsatw, zztmp ! local variable
241	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zwnd_i, zwnd_j ! wind speed components at T-point
242	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zqsatw ! specific humidity at pst
243	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zqlw, zqsb ! long wave and sensible heat fluxes
244	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zqla, zevap ! latent heat fluxes and evaporation
245	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Cd ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
246	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ch ! transfer coefficient for sensible heat (Q_sens)
247	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ce ! tansfert coefficient for evaporation (Q_lat)
248	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zst ! surface temperature in Kelvin
249	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zt_zu ! air temperature at wind speed height
250	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zq_zu ! air spec. hum. at wind speed height
251	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
252	!
253	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_oce_core')
254	!
255	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zwnd_i, zwnd_j, zqsatw, zqlw, zqsb, zqla, zevap )
256	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, Cd, Ch, Ce, zst, zt_zu, zq_zu )
257	!
258	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
259	zcoef_qsatw = 0.98 * 640380. / rhoa
260
261	zst(:,:) = pst(:,:) + rt0 ! convert SST from Celcius to Kelvin (and set minimum value far above 0 K)
262
263	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
264	! 0 Wind components and module at T-point relative to the moving ocean !
265	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
266
267	! ... components ( U10m - U_oce ) at T-point (unmasked)
268	zwnd_i(:,:) = 0.e0
269	zwnd_j(:,:) = 0.e0
270	#if defined key_cyclone
271	# if defined key_vectopt_loop
272	!CDIR COLLAPSE
273	# endif
274	CALL wnd_cyc( kt, zwnd_i, zwnd_j ) ! add Manu !
275	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
276	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
277	sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) + zwnd_i(ji,jj)
278	sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) + zwnd_j(ji,jj)
279	END DO
280	END DO
281	#endif
282	#if defined key_vectopt_loop
283	!CDIR COLLAPSE
284	#endif
285	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
286	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
287	zwnd_i(ji,jj) = ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( pu(ji-1,jj ) + pu(ji,jj) ) )
288	zwnd_j(ji,jj) = ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( pv(ji ,jj-1) + pv(ji,jj) ) )
289	END DO
290	END DO
291	CALL lbc_lnk( zwnd_i(:,:) , 'T', -1. )
292	CALL lbc_lnk( zwnd_j(:,:) , 'T', -1. )
293	! ... scalar wind ( = \| U10m - U_oce \| ) at T-point (masked)
294	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
295	!CDIR COLLAPSE
296	wndm(:,:) = SQRT( zwnd_i(:,:) * zwnd_i(:,:) &
297	& + zwnd_j(:,:) * zwnd_j(:,:) ) * tmask(:,:,1)
298
299	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
300	! I Radiative FLUXES !
301	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
302
303	! ocean albedo assumed to be constant + modify now Qsr to include the diurnal cycle ! Short Wave
304	zztmp = 1. - albo
305	#if defined key_surge
306	qsr(:,:)=0._wp
307	zqlw(:,:) = 0._wp
308	#else
309	IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN ; qsr(:,:) = zztmp * sbc_dcy( sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * tmask(:,:,1)
310	ELSE ; qsr(:,:) = zztmp * sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) * tmask(:,:,1)
311	ENDIF
312	!CDIR COLLAPSE
313	zqlw(:,:) = ( sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(:,:,1) - Stef * zst(:,:)zst(:,:)zst(:,:)zst(:,:) ) tmask(:,:,1) ! Long Wave
314	#endif
315	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
316	! II Turbulent FLUXES !
317	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
318
319	! ... specific humidity at SST and IST
320	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
321	!CDIR COLLAPSE
322	zqsatw(:,:) = zcoef_qsatw * EXP( -5107.4 / zst(:,:) )
323
324	! ... NCAR Bulk formulae, computation of Cd, Ch, Ce at T-point :
325	IF( ln_2m ) THEN
326	!! If air temp. and spec. hum. are given at different height (2m) than wind (10m) :
327	CALL TURB_CORE_2Z(2.,10., zst , sf(jp_tair)%fnow, &
328	& zqsatw, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, &
329	& Cd , Ch , Ce , &
330	& zt_zu , zq_zu )
331	ELSE IF( ln_bulk2z ) THEN
332	!! If the height of the air temp./spec. hum. and wind are to be specified by hand :
333	IF( rn_zqt == rn_zu ) THEN
334	!! If air temp. and spec. hum. are at the same height as wind :
335	CALL TURB_CORE_1Z( rn_zu, zst , sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), &
336	& zqsatw, sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1), wndm, &
337	& Cd , Ch , Ce )
338	ELSE
339	!! If air temp. and spec. hum. are at a different height to wind :
340	CALL TURB_CORE_2Z(rn_zqt, rn_zu , zst , sf(jp_tair)%fnow, &
341	& zqsatw, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, &
342	& Cd , Ch , Ce , &
343	& zt_zu , zq_zu )
344	ENDIF
345	ELSE
346	!! If air temp. and spec. hum. are given at same height than wind (10m) :
347	!gm bug? at the compiling phase, add a copy in temporary arrays... ==> check perf
348	! CALL TURB_CORE_1Z( 10., zst (:,:), sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:), &
349	! & zqsatw(:,:), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:), wndm(:,:), &
350	! & Cd (:,:), Ch (:,:), Ce (:,:) )
351	!gm bug
352	! ARPDBG - this won't compile with gfortran. Fix but check performance
353	! as per comment above.
354	CALL TURB_CORE_1Z( 10., zst , sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), &
355	& zqsatw, sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1), wndm, &
356	& Cd , Ch , Ce )
357	ENDIF
358
359	! ... tau module, i and j component
360	DO jj = 1, jpj
361	DO ji = 1, jpi
362	zztmp = rhoa * wndm(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj)
363	taum (ji,jj) = zztmp * wndm (ji,jj)
364	zwnd_i(ji,jj) = zztmp * zwnd_i(ji,jj)
365	zwnd_j(ji,jj) = zztmp * zwnd_j(ji,jj)
366	END DO
367	END DO
368
369	! ... add the HF tau contribution to the wind stress module?
370	IF( lhftau ) THEN
371	!CDIR COLLAPSE
372	taum(:,:) = taum(:,:) + sf(jp_tdif)%fnow(:,:,1)
373	ENDIF
374	CALL iom_put( "taum_oce", taum ) ! output wind stress module
375
376	! ... utau, vtau at U- and V_points, resp.
377	! Note the use of 0.5*(2-umask) in order to unmask the stress along coastlines
378	DO jj = 1, jpjm1
379	DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1
380	utau(ji,jj) = 0.5 * ( 2. - umask(ji,jj,1) ) * ( zwnd_i(ji,jj) + zwnd_i(ji+1,jj ) )
381	vtau(ji,jj) = 0.5 * ( 2. - vmask(ji,jj,1) ) * ( zwnd_j(ji,jj) + zwnd_j(ji ,jj+1) )
382	END DO
383	END DO
384	CALL lbc_lnk( utau(:,:), 'U', -1. )
385	CALL lbc_lnk( vtau(:,:), 'V', -1. )
386
387	! Turbulent fluxes over ocean
388	! -----------------------------
389	#if ! defined key_surge
390	IF( ln_2m .OR. ( ln_bulk2z .AND. rn_zqt /= rn_zu ) ) THEN
391	! Values of temp. and hum. adjusted to height of wind must be used
392	zevap(:,:) = rn_efac * MAX( 0.e0, rhoa Ce(:,:)( zqsatw(:,:) - zq_zu(:,:) ) * wndm(:,:) ) ! Evaporation
393	zqsb (:,:) = rhoacpaCh(:,:)( zst (:,:) - zt_zu(:,:) ) wndm(:,:) ! Sensible Heat
394	ELSE
395	!CDIR COLLAPSE
396	zevap(:,:) = rn_efac * MAX( 0.e0, rhoa Ce(:,:)( zqsatw(:,:) - sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * wndm(:,:) ) ! Evaporation
397	!CDIR COLLAPSE
398	zqsb (:,:) = rhoacpaCh(:,:)( zst (:,:) - sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) ) wndm(:,:) ! Sensible Heat
399	ENDIF
400	!CDIR COLLAPSE
401	zqla (:,:) = Lv * zevap(:,:) ! Latent Heat
402	#endif
403
404	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
405	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqla , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqla : ', tab2d_2=Ce , clinfo2=' Ce : ' )
406	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqsb , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqsb : ', tab2d_2=Ch , clinfo2=' Ch : ' )
407	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqlw , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqlw : ', tab2d_2=qsr, clinfo2=' qsr : ' )
408	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqsatw, clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqsatw : ', tab2d_2=zst, clinfo2=' zst : ' )
409	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=utau , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: utau : ', mask1=umask, &
410	& tab2d_2=vtau , clinfo2= ' vtau : ' , mask2=vmask )
411	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=wndm , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: wndm : ')
412	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zst , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zst : ')
413	ENDIF
414
415	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
416	! III Total FLUXES !
417	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
418
419	#if defined key_surge
420	emp (:,:) = 0._wp
421	qns(:,:) = 0._wp
422	#else
423	!CDIR COLLAPSE
424	emp (:,:) = ( zevap(:,:) & ! mass flux (evap. - precip.)
425	& - sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ) * tmask(:,:,1)
426	!CDIR COLLAPSE
427	qns(:,:) = zqlw(:,:) - zqsb(:,:) - zqla(:,:) & ! Downward Non Solar flux
428	& - sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac * lfus & ! remove latent melting heat for solid precip
429	& - zevap(:,:) * pst(:,:) * rcp & ! remove evap heat content at SST
430	& + ( sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) - sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * rn_pfac & ! add liquid precip heat content at Tair
431	& * ( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) - rt0 ) * rcp &
432	& + sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac & ! add solid precip heat content at min(Tair,Tsnow)
433	& * ( MIN( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), rt0_snow ) - rt0 ) * cpic
434	#endif
435	!
436	CALL iom_put( "qlw_oce", zqlw ) ! output downward longwave heat over the ocean
437	CALL iom_put( "qsb_oce", - zqsb ) ! output downward sensible heat over the ocean
438	CALL iom_put( "qla_oce", - zqla ) ! output downward latent heat over the ocean
439	CALL iom_put( "qhc_oce", qns-zqlw+zqsb+zqla ) ! output downward heat content of E-P over the ocean
440	CALL iom_put( "qns_oce", qns ) ! output downward non solar heat over the ocean
441	!
442	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
443	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqsb , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqsb : ', tab2d_2=zqlw , clinfo2=' zqlw : ')
444	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqla , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqla : ', tab2d_2=qsr , clinfo2=' qsr : ')
445	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=pst , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: pst : ', tab2d_2=emp , clinfo2=' emp : ')
446	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=utau , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: utau : ', mask1=umask, &
447	& tab2d_2=vtau , clinfo2= ' vtau : ' , mask2=vmask )
448	ENDIF
449	!
450	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, zwnd_i, zwnd_j, zqsatw, zqlw, zqsb, zqla, zevap )
451	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, Cd, Ch, Ce, zst, zt_zu, zq_zu )
452	!
453	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_oce_core')
454	!
455	END SUBROUTINE blk_oce_core
456
457	SUBROUTINE blk_bio_meanqsr
458	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
459	!! *** ROUTINE blk_bio_meanqsr
460	!!
461	!! ** Purpose : provide daily qsr_mean for PISCES when
462	!! analytic diurnal cycle is applied in physic
463	!!
464	!! ** Method : add part where there is no ice
465	!!
466	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
467	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_bio_meanqsr')
468
469	qsr_mean(:,:) = (1. - albo ) * sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1)
470
471	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_bio_meanqsr')
472
473	END SUBROUTINE blk_bio_meanqsr
474
475
476	SUBROUTINE blk_ice_meanqsr(palb,p_qsr_mean,pdim)
477	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
478	!!
479	!! ** Purpose : provide the daily qsr_mean over sea_ice for PISCES when
480	!! analytic diurnal cycle is applied in physic
481	!!
482	!! ** Method : compute qsr
483	!!
484	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
485	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in ) :: palb ! ice albedo (clear sky) (alb_ice_cs) [%]
486	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_qsr_mean ! solar heat flux over ice (T-point) [W/m2]
487	INTEGER , INTENT(in ) :: pdim ! number of ice categories
488	!!
489	INTEGER :: ijpl ! number of ice categories (size of 3rd dim of input arrays)
490	INTEGER :: ji, jj, jl ! dummy loop indices
491	REAL(wp) :: zztmp ! temporary variable
492	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
493	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_ice_meanqsr')
494	!
495	ijpl = pdim ! number of ice categories
496	zztmp = 1. / ( 1. - albo )
497	! ! ========================== !
498	DO jl = 1, ijpl ! Loop over ice categories !
499	! ! ========================== !
500	DO jj = 1 , jpj
501	DO ji = 1, jpi
502	p_qsr_mean(ji,jj,jl) = zztmp * ( 1. - palb(ji,jj,jl) ) * qsr_mean(ji,jj)
503	END DO
504	END DO
505	END DO
506	!
507	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_ice_meanqsr')
508	!
509	END SUBROUTINE blk_ice_meanqsr
510
511
512	SUBROUTINE blk_ice_core( pst , pui , pvi , palb , &
513	& p_taui, p_tauj, p_qns , p_qsr, &
514	& p_qla , p_dqns, p_dqla, &
515	& p_tpr , p_spr , &
516	& p_fr1 , p_fr2 , cd_grid, pdim )
517	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
518	!! * ROUTINE blk_ice_core *
519	!!
520	!! ** Purpose : provide the surface boundary condition over sea-ice
521	!!
522	!! ** Method : compute momentum, heat and freshwater exchanged
523	!! between atmosphere and sea-ice using CORE bulk
524	!! formulea, ice variables and read atmmospheric fields.
525	!! NB: ice drag coefficient is assumed to be a constant
526	!!
527	!! caution : the net upward water flux has with mm/day unit
528	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
529	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in ) :: pst ! ice surface temperature (>0, =rt0 over land) [Kelvin]
530	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT(in ) :: pui ! ice surface velocity (i- and i- components [m/s]
531	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT(in ) :: pvi ! at I-point (B-grid) or U & V-point (C-grid)
532	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in ) :: palb ! ice albedo (clear sky) (alb_ice_cs) [%]
533	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_taui ! i- & j-components of surface ice stress [N/m2]
534	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_tauj ! at I-point (B-grid) or U & V-point (C-grid)
535	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_qns ! non solar heat flux over ice (T-point) [W/m2]
536	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_qsr ! solar heat flux over ice (T-point) [W/m2]
537	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_qla ! latent heat flux over ice (T-point) [W/m2]
538	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_dqns ! non solar heat sensistivity (T-point) [W/m2]
539	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_dqla ! latent heat sensistivity (T-point) [W/m2]
540	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_tpr ! total precipitation (T-point) [Kg/m2/s]
541	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_spr ! solid precipitation (T-point) [Kg/m2/s]
542	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_fr1 ! 1sr fraction of qsr penetration in ice (T-point) [%]
543	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_fr2 ! 2nd fraction of qsr penetration in ice (T-point) [%]
544	CHARACTER(len=1) , INTENT(in ) :: cd_grid ! ice grid ( C or B-grid)
545	INTEGER , INTENT(in ) :: pdim ! number of ice categories
546	!!
547	INTEGER :: ji, jj, jl ! dummy loop indices
548	INTEGER :: ijpl ! number of ice categories (size of 3rd dim of input arrays)
549	REAL(wp) :: zst2, zst3
550	REAL(wp) :: zcoef_wnorm, zcoef_wnorm2, zcoef_dqlw, zcoef_dqla, zcoef_dqsb
551	REAL(wp) :: zztmp ! temporary variable
552	REAL(wp) :: zcoef_frca ! fractional cloud amount
553	REAL(wp) :: zwnorm_f, zwndi_f , zwndj_f ! relative wind module and components at F-point
554	REAL(wp) :: zwndi_t , zwndj_t ! relative wind components at T-point
555	!!
556	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: z_wnds_t ! wind speed ( = \| U10m - U_ice \| ) at T-point
557	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_qlw ! long wave heat flux over ice
558	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_qsb ! sensible heat flux over ice
559	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_dqlw ! long wave heat sensitivity over ice
560	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_dqsb ! sensible heat sensitivity over ice
561	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
562	!
563	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_ice_core')
564	!
565	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, z_wnds_t )
566	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj,pdim, z_qlw, z_qsb, z_dqlw, z_dqsb )
567
568	ijpl = pdim ! number of ice categories
569
570	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
571	zcoef_wnorm = rhoa * Cice
572	zcoef_wnorm2 = rhoa * Cice * 0.5
573	zcoef_dqlw = 4.0 * 0.95 * Stef
574	zcoef_dqla = -Ls * Cice * 11637800. * (-5897.8)
575	zcoef_dqsb = rhoa * cpa * Cice
576	zcoef_frca = 1.0 - 0.3
577
578	!!gm brutal....
579	z_wnds_t(:,:) = 0.e0
580	p_taui (:,:) = 0.e0
581	p_tauj (:,:) = 0.e0
582	!!gm end
583
584	#if defined key_lim3
585	tatm_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) ! LIM3: make Tair available in sea-ice. WARNING allocated after call to ice_init
586	#endif
587	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
588	! Wind components and module relative to the moving ocean ( U10m - U_ice ) !
589	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
590	SELECT CASE( cd_grid )
591	CASE( 'I' ) ! B-grid ice dynamics : I-point (i.e. F-point with sea-ice indexation)
592	! and scalar wind at T-point ( = \| U10m - U_ice \| ) (masked)
593	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
594	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
595	DO ji = 2, jpim1 ! B grid : NO vector opt
596	! ... scalar wind at I-point (fld being at T-point)
597	zwndi_f = 0.25 * ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji-1,jj ,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji ,jj ,1) &
598	& + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji-1,jj-1,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji ,jj-1,1) ) - rn_vfac * pui(ji,jj)
599	zwndj_f = 0.25 * ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji-1,jj ,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji ,jj ,1) &
600	& + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji-1,jj-1,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji ,jj-1,1) ) - rn_vfac * pvi(ji,jj)
601	zwnorm_f = zcoef_wnorm * SQRT( zwndi_f * zwndi_f + zwndj_f * zwndj_f )
602	! ... ice stress at I-point
603	p_taui(ji,jj) = zwnorm_f * zwndi_f
604	p_tauj(ji,jj) = zwnorm_f * zwndj_f
605	! ... scalar wind at T-point (fld being at T-point)
606	zwndi_t = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.25 * ( pui(ji,jj+1) + pui(ji+1,jj+1) &
607	& + pui(ji,jj ) + pui(ji+1,jj ) )
608	zwndj_t = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.25 * ( pvi(ji,jj+1) + pvi(ji+1,jj+1) &
609	& + pvi(ji,jj ) + pvi(ji+1,jj ) )
610	z_wnds_t(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwndi_t * zwndi_t + zwndj_t * zwndj_t ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
611	END DO
612	END DO
613	CALL lbc_lnk( p_taui , 'I', -1. )
614	CALL lbc_lnk( p_tauj , 'I', -1. )
615	CALL lbc_lnk( z_wnds_t, 'T', 1. )
616	!
617	CASE( 'C' ) ! C-grid ice dynamics : U & V-points (same as ocean)
618	#if defined key_vectopt_loop
619	!CDIR COLLAPSE
620	#endif
621	DO jj = 2, jpj
622	DO ji = fs_2, jpi ! vect. opt.
623	zwndi_t = ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( pui(ji-1,jj ) + pui(ji,jj) ) )
624	zwndj_t = ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( pvi(ji ,jj-1) + pvi(ji,jj) ) )
625	z_wnds_t(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwndi_t * zwndi_t + zwndj_t * zwndj_t ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
626	END DO
627	END DO
628	#if defined key_vectopt_loop
629	!CDIR COLLAPSE
630	#endif
631	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
632	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
633	p_taui(ji,jj) = zcoef_wnorm2 * ( z_wnds_t(ji+1,jj ) + z_wnds_t(ji,jj) ) &
634	& * ( 0.5 * (sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji+1,jj,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) - rn_vfac * pui(ji,jj) )
635	p_tauj(ji,jj) = zcoef_wnorm2 * ( z_wnds_t(ji,jj+1 ) + z_wnds_t(ji,jj) ) &
636	& * ( 0.5 * (sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj+1,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) - rn_vfac * pvi(ji,jj) )
637	END DO
638	END DO
639	CALL lbc_lnk( p_taui , 'U', -1. )
640	CALL lbc_lnk( p_tauj , 'V', -1. )
641	CALL lbc_lnk( z_wnds_t, 'T', 1. )
642	!
643	END SELECT
644
645	zztmp = 1. / ( 1. - albo )
646	! ! ========================== !
647	DO jl = 1, ijpl ! Loop over ice categories !
648	! ! ========================== !
649	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
650	!CDIR COLLAPSE
651	DO jj = 1 , jpj
652	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
653	DO ji = 1, jpi
654	! ----------------------------!
655	! I Radiative FLUXES !
656	! ----------------------------!
657	zst2 = pst(ji,jj,jl) * pst(ji,jj,jl)
658	zst3 = pst(ji,jj,jl) * zst2
659	! Short Wave (sw)
660	p_qsr(ji,jj,jl) = zztmp * ( 1. - palb(ji,jj,jl) ) * qsr(ji,jj)
661	! Long Wave (lw)
662	! iovino
663	IF( ff(ji,jj) .GT. 0._wp ) THEN
664	z_qlw(ji,jj,jl) = ( 0.95 * sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - Stef * pst(ji,jj,jl) * zst3 ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
665	ELSE
666	z_qlw(ji,jj,jl) = 0.95 * ( sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - Stef * pst(ji,jj,jl) * zst3 ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
667	ENDIF
668	! lw sensitivity
669	z_dqlw(ji,jj,jl) = zcoef_dqlw * zst3
670
671	! ----------------------------!
672	! II Turbulent FLUXES !
673	! ----------------------------!
674
675	! ... turbulent heat fluxes
676	! Sensible Heat
677	z_qsb(ji,jj,jl) = rhoa * cpa * Cice * z_wnds_t(ji,jj) * ( pst(ji,jj,jl) - sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1) )
678	! Latent Heat
679	p_qla(ji,jj,jl) = rn_efac * MAX( 0.e0, rhoa * Ls * Cice * z_wnds_t(ji,jj) &
680	& * ( 11637800. * EXP( -5897.8 / pst(ji,jj,jl) ) / rhoa - sf(jp_humi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) )
681	! Latent heat sensitivity for ice (Dqla/Dt)
682	p_dqla(ji,jj,jl) = rn_efac * zcoef_dqla * z_wnds_t(ji,jj) / ( zst2 ) * EXP( -5897.8 / pst(ji,jj,jl) )
683	! Sensible heat sensitivity (Dqsb_ice/Dtn_ice)
684	z_dqsb(ji,jj,jl) = zcoef_dqsb * z_wnds_t(ji,jj)
685
686	! ----------------------------!
687	! III Total FLUXES !
688	! ----------------------------!
689	! Downward Non Solar flux
690	p_qns (ji,jj,jl) = z_qlw (ji,jj,jl) - z_qsb (ji,jj,jl) - p_qla (ji,jj,jl)
691	! Total non solar heat flux sensitivity for ice
692	p_dqns(ji,jj,jl) = - ( z_dqlw(ji,jj,jl) + z_dqsb(ji,jj,jl) + p_dqla(ji,jj,jl) )
693	END DO
694	!
695	END DO
696	!
697	END DO
698	!
699	!--------------------------------------------------------------------
700	! FRACTIONs of net shortwave radiation which is not absorbed in the
701	! thin surface layer and penetrates inside the ice cover
702	! ( Maykut and Untersteiner, 1971 ; Ebert and Curry, 1993 )
703
704	!CDIR COLLAPSE
705	p_fr1(:,:) = ( 0.18 * ( 1.0 - zcoef_frca ) + 0.35 * zcoef_frca )
706	!CDIR COLLAPSE
707	p_fr2(:,:) = ( 0.82 * ( 1.0 - zcoef_frca ) + 0.65 * zcoef_frca )
708
709	!CDIR COLLAPSE
710	p_tpr(:,:) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ! total precipitation [kg/m2/s]
711	!CDIR COLLAPSE
712	p_spr(:,:) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ! solid precipitation [kg/m2/s]
713	CALL iom_put( 'snowpre', p_spr * 86400. ) ! Snow precipitation
714	CALL iom_put( 'precip', p_tpr * 86400. ) ! Total precipitation
715	!
716	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
717	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=p_qla , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: p_qla : ', tab3d_2=z_qsb , clinfo2=' z_qsb : ', kdim=ijpl)
718	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_qlw , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: z_qlw : ', tab3d_2=p_dqla , clinfo2=' p_dqla : ', kdim=ijpl)
719	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_dqsb , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: z_dqsb : ', tab3d_2=z_dqlw , clinfo2=' z_dqlw : ', kdim=ijpl)
720	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=p_dqns , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: p_dqns : ', tab3d_2=p_qsr , clinfo2=' p_qsr : ', kdim=ijpl)
721	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=pst , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: pst : ', tab3d_2=p_qns , clinfo2=' p_qns : ', kdim=ijpl)
722	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=p_tpr , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: p_tpr : ', tab2d_2=p_spr , clinfo2=' p_spr : ')
723	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=p_taui , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: p_taui : ', tab2d_2=p_tauj , clinfo2=' p_tauj : ')
724	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=z_wnds_t, clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: z_wnds_t : ')
725	ENDIF
726
727	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, z_wnds_t )
728	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj,pdim, z_qlw, z_qsb, z_dqlw, z_dqsb )
729	!
730	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_ice_core')
731	!
732	END SUBROUTINE blk_ice_core
733
734
735	SUBROUTINE TURB_CORE_1Z(zu, sst, T_a, q_sat, q_a, &
736	& dU , Cd , Ch , Ce )
737	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
738	!! * ROUTINE turb_core *
739	!!
740	!! ** Purpose : Computes turbulent transfert coefficients of surface
741	!! fluxes according to Large & Yeager (2004)
742	!!
743	!! ** Method : I N E R T I A L D I S S I P A T I O N M E T H O D
744	!! Momentum, Latent and sensible heat exchange coefficients
745	!! Caution: this procedure should only be used in cases when air
746	!! temperature (T_air), air specific humidity (q_air) and wind (dU)
747	!! are provided at the same height 'zzu'!
748	!!
749	!! References : Large & Yeager, 2004 : ???
750	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
751	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in ) :: zu ! altitude of wind measurement [m]
752	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: sst ! sea surface temperature [Kelvin]
753	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: T_a ! potential air temperature [Kelvin]
754	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: q_sat ! sea surface specific humidity [kg/kg]
755	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: q_a ! specific air humidity [kg/kg]
756	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: dU ! wind module \|U(zu)-U(0)\| [m/s]
757	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT( out) :: Cd ! transfert coefficient for momentum (tau)
758	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT( out) :: Ch ! transfert coefficient for temperature (Q_sens)
759	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT( out) :: Ce ! transfert coefficient for evaporation (Q_lat)
760	!!
761	INTEGER :: j_itt
762	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: nb_itt = 3
763	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: grav = 9.8 ! gravity
764	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: kappa = 0.4 ! von Karman s constant
765
766	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: dU10 ! dU [m/s]
767	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: dT ! air/sea temperature differeence [K]
768	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: dq ! air/sea humidity difference [K]
769	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Cd_n10 ! 10m neutral drag coefficient
770	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ce_n10 ! 10m neutral latent coefficient
771	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ch_n10 ! 10m neutral sensible coefficient
772	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: sqrt_Cd_n10 ! root square of Cd_n10
773	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: sqrt_Cd ! root square of Cd
774	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: T_vpot ! virtual potential temperature [K]
775	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: T_star ! turbulent scale of tem. fluct.
776	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: q_star ! turbulent humidity of temp. fluct.
777	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: U_star ! turb. scale of velocity fluct.
778	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: L ! Monin-Obukov length [m]
779	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zeta ! stability parameter at height zu
780	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: U_n10 ! neutral wind velocity at 10m [m]
781	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: xlogt, xct, zpsi_h, zpsi_m
782
783	INTEGER , DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: stab ! 1st guess stability test integer
784	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
785	!
786	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('TURB_CORE_1Z')
787	!
788	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, stab ) ! integer
789	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, dU10, dT, dq, Cd_n10, Ce_n10, Ch_n10, sqrt_Cd_n10, sqrt_Cd, L )
790	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, T_vpot, T_star, q_star, U_star, zeta, U_n10, xlogt, xct, zpsi_h, zpsi_m )
791
792	!! * Start
793	!! Air/sea differences
794	dU10 = max(0.5, dU) ! we don't want to fall under 0.5 m/s
795	dT = T_a - sst ! assuming that T_a is allready the potential temp. at zzu
796	dq = q_a - q_sat
797	!!
798	!! Virtual potential temperature
799	T_vpot = T_a(1. + 0.608q_a)
800	!!
801	!! Neutral Drag Coefficient
802	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,dT) ! stable : stab = 1 ; unstable : stab = 0
803	IF ( ln_cdgw ) THEN
804	cdn_wave = cdn_wave - rsmall*(tmask(:,:,1)-1)
805	Cd_n10(:,:) = cdn_wave
806	ELSE
807	Cd_n10 = 1.e-3 * ( 2.7/dU10 + 0.142 + dU10/13.09 ) ! L & Y eq. (6a)
808	ENDIF
809	sqrt_Cd_n10 = sqrt(Cd_n10)
810	Ce_n10 = 1.e-3 * ( 34.6 * sqrt_Cd_n10 ) ! L & Y eq. (6b)
811	Ch_n10 = 1.e-3sqrt_Cd_n10(18.stab + 32.7(1.-stab)) ! L & Y eq. (6c), (6d)
812	!!
813	!! Initializing transfert coefficients with their first guess neutral equivalents :
814	Cd = Cd_n10 ; Ce = Ce_n10 ; Ch = Ch_n10 ; sqrt_Cd = sqrt(Cd)
815
816	!! * Now starting iteration loop
817	DO j_itt=1, nb_itt
818	!! Turbulent scales :
819	U_star = sqrt_Cd*dU10 ! L & Y eq. (7a)
820	T_star = Ch/sqrt_Cd*dT ! L & Y eq. (7b)
821	q_star = Ce/sqrt_Cd*dq ! L & Y eq. (7c)
822
823	!! Estimate the Monin-Obukov length :
824	L = (U_star*2)/( kappagrav*(T_star/T_vpot + q_star/(q_a + 1./0.608)) )
825
826	!! Stability parameters :
827	zeta = zu/L ; zeta = sign( min(abs(zeta),10.0), zeta )
828	zpsi_h = psi_h(zeta)
829	zpsi_m = psi_m(zeta)
830
831	IF ( ln_cdgw ) THEN
832	sqrt_Cd=kappa/((kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10) - zpsi_m) ; Cd=sqrt_Cd*sqrt_Cd;
833	ELSE
834	!! Shifting the wind speed to 10m and neutral stability :
835	U_n10 = dU101./(1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa(log(zu/10.) - zpsi_m)) ! L & Y eq. (9a)
836
837	!! Updating the neutral 10m transfer coefficients :
838	Cd_n10 = 1.e-3 * (2.7/U_n10 + 0.142 + U_n10/13.09) ! L & Y eq. (6a)
839	sqrt_Cd_n10 = sqrt(Cd_n10)
840	Ce_n10 = 1.e-3 * (34.6 * sqrt_Cd_n10) ! L & Y eq. (6b)
841	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,zeta)
842	Ch_n10 = 1.e-3sqrt_Cd_n10(18.stab + 32.7(1.-stab)) ! L & Y eq. (6c), (6d)
843
844	!! Shifting the neutral 10m transfer coefficients to ( zu , zeta ) :
845	!!
846	xct = 1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa*(log(zu/10) - zpsi_m)
847	Cd = Cd_n10/(xct*xct) ; sqrt_Cd = sqrt(Cd)
848	ENDIF
849	!!
850	xlogt = log(zu/10.) - zpsi_h
851	!!
852	xct = 1. + Ch_n10*xlogt/kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10
853	Ch = Ch_n10*sqrt_Cd/sqrt_Cd_n10/xct
854	!!
855	xct = 1. + Ce_n10*xlogt/kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10
856	Ce = Ce_n10*sqrt_Cd/sqrt_Cd_n10/xct
857	!!
858	END DO
859	!!
860	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, stab ) ! integer
861	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, dU10, dT, dq, Cd_n10, Ce_n10, Ch_n10, sqrt_Cd_n10, sqrt_Cd, L )
862	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, T_vpot, T_star, q_star, U_star, zeta, U_n10, xlogt, xct, zpsi_h, zpsi_m )
863	!
864	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('TURB_CORE_1Z')
865	!
866	END SUBROUTINE TURB_CORE_1Z
867
868
869	SUBROUTINE TURB_CORE_2Z(zt, zu, sst, T_zt, q_sat, q_zt, dU, Cd, Ch, Ce, T_zu, q_zu)
870	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
871	!! * ROUTINE turb_core *
872	!!
873	!! ** Purpose : Computes turbulent transfert coefficients of surface
874	!! fluxes according to Large & Yeager (2004).
875	!!
876	!! ** Method : I N E R T I A L D I S S I P A T I O N M E T H O D
877	!! Momentum, Latent and sensible heat exchange coefficients
878	!! Caution: this procedure should only be used in cases when air
879	!! temperature (T_air) and air specific humidity (q_air) are at a
880	!! different height to wind (dU).
881	!!
882	!! References : Large & Yeager, 2004 : ???
883	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
884	REAL(wp), INTENT(in ) :: zt ! height for T_zt and q_zt [m]
885	REAL(wp), INTENT(in ) :: zu ! height for dU [m]
886	REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: sst ! sea surface temperature [Kelvin]
887	REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: T_zt ! potential air temperature [Kelvin]
888	REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: q_sat ! sea surface specific humidity [kg/kg]
889	REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: q_zt ! specific air humidity [kg/kg]
890	REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: dU ! relative wind module \|U(zu)-U(0)\| [m/s]
891	REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: Cd ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
892	REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: Ch ! transfer coefficient for sensible heat (Q_sens)
893	REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: Ce ! transfert coefficient for evaporation (Q_lat)
894	REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: T_zu ! air temp. shifted at zu [K]
895	REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: q_zu ! spec. hum. shifted at zu [kg/kg]
896
897	INTEGER :: j_itt
898	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: nb_itt = 5 ! number of itterations
899	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: grav = 9.8 ! gravity
900	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: kappa = 0.4 ! von Karman's constant
901
902	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: dU10 ! dU [m/s]
903	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: dT ! air/sea temperature differeence [K]
904	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: dq ! air/sea humidity difference [K]
905	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Cd_n10 ! 10m neutral drag coefficient
906	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ce_n10 ! 10m neutral latent coefficient
907	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ch_n10 ! 10m neutral sensible coefficient
908	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: sqrt_Cd_n10 ! root square of Cd_n10
909	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: sqrt_Cd ! root square of Cd
910	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: T_vpot ! virtual potential temperature [K]
911	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: T_star ! turbulent scale of tem. fluct.
912	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: q_star ! turbulent humidity of temp. fluct.
913	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: U_star ! turb. scale of velocity fluct.
914	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: L ! Monin-Obukov length [m]
915	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zeta_u ! stability parameter at height zu
916	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zeta_t ! stability parameter at height zt
917	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: U_n10 ! neutral wind velocity at 10m [m]
918	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: xlogt, xct, zpsi_hu, zpsi_ht, zpsi_m
919
920	INTEGER , DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: stab ! 1st stability test integer
921	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
922	!
923	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('TURB_CORE_2Z')
924	!
925	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, dU10, dT, dq, Cd_n10, Ce_n10, Ch_n10, sqrt_Cd_n10, sqrt_Cd, L )
926	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, T_vpot, T_star, q_star, U_star, zeta_u, zeta_t, U_n10 )
927	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, xlogt, xct, zpsi_hu, zpsi_ht, zpsi_m )
928	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, stab ) ! interger
929
930	!! Initial air/sea differences
931	dU10 = max(0.5, dU) ! we don't want to fall under 0.5 m/s
932	dT = T_zt - sst
933	dq = q_zt - q_sat
934
935	!! Neutral Drag Coefficient :
936	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,dT) ! stab = 1 if dT > 0 -> STABLE
937	IF( ln_cdgw ) THEN
938	cdn_wave = cdn_wave - rsmall*(tmask(:,:,1)-1)
939	Cd_n10(:,:) = cdn_wave
940	ELSE
941	Cd_n10 = 1.e-3*( 2.7/dU10 + 0.142 + dU10/13.09 )
942	ENDIF
943	sqrt_Cd_n10 = sqrt(Cd_n10)
944	Ce_n10 = 1.e-3( 34.6 sqrt_Cd_n10 )
945	Ch_n10 = 1.e-3sqrt_Cd_n10(18.stab + 32.7(1. - stab))
946
947	!! Initializing transf. coeff. with their first guess neutral equivalents :
948	Cd = Cd_n10 ; Ce = Ce_n10 ; Ch = Ch_n10 ; sqrt_Cd = sqrt(Cd)
949
950	!! Initializing z_u values with z_t values :
951	T_zu = T_zt ; q_zu = q_zt
952
953	!! * Now starting iteration loop
954	DO j_itt=1, nb_itt
955	dT = T_zu - sst ; dq = q_zu - q_sat ! Updating air/sea differences
956	T_vpot = T_zu(1. + 0.608q_zu) ! Updating virtual potential temperature at zu
957	U_star = sqrt_Cd*dU10 ! Updating turbulent scales : (L & Y eq. (7))
958	T_star = Ch/sqrt_Cd*dT !
959	q_star = Ce/sqrt_Cd*dq !
960	!!
961	L = (U_star*U_star) & ! Estimate the Monin-Obukov length at height zu
962	& / (kappagrav/T_vpot(T_star(1.+0.608q_zu) + 0.608T_zuq_star))
963	!! Stability parameters :
964	zeta_u = zu/L ; zeta_u = sign( min(abs(zeta_u),10.0), zeta_u )
965	zeta_t = zt/L ; zeta_t = sign( min(abs(zeta_t),10.0), zeta_t )
966	zpsi_hu = psi_h(zeta_u)
967	zpsi_ht = psi_h(zeta_t)
968	zpsi_m = psi_m(zeta_u)
969	!!
970	!! Shifting the wind speed to 10m and neutral stability : (L & Y eq.(9a))
971	! U_n10 = dU10/(1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa*(log(zu/10.) - psi_m(zeta_u)))
972	U_n10 = dU10/(1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa*(log(zu/10.) - zpsi_m))
973	!!
974	!! Shifting temperature and humidity at zu : (L & Y eq. (9b-9c))
975	! T_zu = T_zt - T_star/kappa*(log(zt/zu) + psi_h(zeta_u) - psi_h(zeta_t))
976	T_zu = T_zt - T_star/kappa*(log(zt/zu) + zpsi_hu - zpsi_ht)
977	! q_zu = q_zt - q_star/kappa*(log(zt/zu) + psi_h(zeta_u) - psi_h(zeta_t))
978	q_zu = q_zt - q_star/kappa*(log(zt/zu) + zpsi_hu - zpsi_ht)
979	!!
980	!! q_zu cannot have a negative value : forcing 0
981	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,q_zu) ; q_zu = stab*q_zu
982	!!
983	IF( ln_cdgw ) THEN
984	sqrt_Cd=kappa/((kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10) - zpsi_m) ; Cd=sqrt_Cd*sqrt_Cd;
985	ELSE
986	!! Updating the neutral 10m transfer coefficients :
987	Cd_n10 = 1.e-3 * (2.7/U_n10 + 0.142 + U_n10/13.09) ! L & Y eq. (6a)
988	sqrt_Cd_n10 = sqrt(Cd_n10)
989	Ce_n10 = 1.e-3 * (34.6 * sqrt_Cd_n10) ! L & Y eq. (6b)
990	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,zeta_u)
991	Ch_n10 = 1.e-3sqrt_Cd_n10(18.stab + 32.7(1.-stab)) ! L & Y eq. (6c-6d)
992	!!
993	!!
994	!! Shifting the neutral 10m transfer coefficients to (zu,zeta_u) :
995	xct = 1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa*(log(zu/10.) - zpsi_m) ! L & Y eq. (10a)
996	Cd = Cd_n10/(xct*xct) ; sqrt_Cd = sqrt(Cd)
997	ENDIF
998	!!
999	xlogt = log(zu/10.) - zpsi_hu
1000	!!
1001	xct = 1. + Ch_n10*xlogt/kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10 ! L & Y eq. (10b)
1002	Ch = Ch_n10*sqrt_Cd/sqrt_Cd_n10/xct
1003	!!
1004	xct = 1. + Ce_n10*xlogt/kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10 ! L & Y eq. (10c)
1005	Ce = Ce_n10*sqrt_Cd/sqrt_Cd_n10/xct
1006	!!
1007	!!
1008	END DO
1009	!!
1010	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, dU10, dT, dq, Cd_n10, Ce_n10, Ch_n10, sqrt_Cd_n10, sqrt_Cd, L )
1011	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, T_vpot, T_star, q_star, U_star, zeta_u, zeta_t, U_n10 )
1012	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, xlogt, xct, zpsi_hu, zpsi_ht, zpsi_m )
1013	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, stab ) ! interger
1014	!
1015	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('TURB_CORE_2Z')
1016	!
1017	END SUBROUTINE TURB_CORE_2Z
1018
1019
1020	FUNCTION psi_m(zta) !! Psis, L & Y eq. (8c), (8d), (8e)
1021	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1022	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: zta
1023
1024	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: pi = 3.141592653589793_wp
1025	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: psi_m
1026	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: X2, X, stabit
1027	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1028
1029	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, X2, X, stabit )
1030
1031	X2 = sqrt(abs(1. - 16.*zta)) ; X2 = max(X2 , 1.0) ; X = sqrt(X2)
1032	stabit = 0.5 + sign(0.5,zta)
1033	psi_m = -5.ztastabit & ! Stable
1034	& + (1. - stabit)(2log((1. + X)/2) + log((1. + X2)/2) - 2*atan(X) + pi/2) ! Unstable
1035
1036	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, X2, X, stabit )
1037	!
1038	END FUNCTION psi_m
1039
1040
1041	FUNCTION psi_h( zta ) !! Psis, L & Y eq. (8c), (8d), (8e)
1042	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1043	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: zta
1044	!
1045	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: psi_h
1046	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: X2, X, stabit
1047	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1048
1049	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, X2, X, stabit )
1050
1051	X2 = sqrt(abs(1. - 16.*zta)) ; X2 = max(X2 , 1.) ; X = sqrt(X2)
1052	stabit = 0.5 + sign(0.5,zta)
1053	psi_h = -5.ztastabit & ! Stable
1054	& + (1. - stabit)(2.log( (1. + X2)/2. )) ! Unstable
1055
1056	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, X2, X, stabit )
1057	!
1058	END FUNCTION psi_h
1059
1060	!!======================================================================
1061	END MODULE sbcblk_core

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