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sbcblk.F90 in trunk/NEMOGCM/NEMO/OPA_SRC/SBC – NEMO

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source: trunk/NEMOGCM/NEMO/OPA_SRC/SBC/sbcblk.F90 @ 7698

Last change on this file since 7698 was 7698, checked in by mocavero, 7 years ago
update trunk with OpenMP parallelization
File size: 63.7 KB

Line
1	MODULE sbcblk
2	!!======================================================================
3	!! * MODULE sbcblk *
4	!! Ocean forcing: momentum, heat and freshwater flux formulation
5	!! Aerodynamic Bulk Formulas
6	!! SUCCESSOR OF "sbcblk_core"
7	!!=====================================================================
8	!! History : 1.0 ! 2004-08 (U. Schweckendiek) Original CORE code
9	!! 2.0 ! 2005-04 (L. Brodeau, A.M. Treguier) improved CORE bulk and its user interface
10	!! 3.0 ! 2006-06 (G. Madec) sbc rewritting
11	!! - ! 2006-12 (L. Brodeau) Original code for turb_core
12	!! 3.2 ! 2009-04 (B. Lemaire) Introduce iom_put
13	!! 3.3 ! 2010-10 (S. Masson) add diurnal cycle
14	!! 3.4 ! 2011-11 (C. Harris) Fill arrays required by CICE
15	!! 3.7 ! 2014-06 (L. Brodeau) simplification and optimization of CORE bulk
16	!! 4.0 ! 2016-06 (L. Brodeau) sbcblk_core becomes sbcblk and is not restricted to the CORE algorithm anymore
17	!! ==> based on AeroBulk (http://aerobulk.sourceforge.net/)
18	!! 4.0 ! 2016-10 (G. Madec) introduce a sbc_blk_init routine
19	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
20
21	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
22	!! sbc_blk_init : initialisation of the chosen bulk formulation as ocean surface boundary condition
23	!! sbc_blk : bulk formulation as ocean surface boundary condition
24	!! blk_oce : computes momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes over ocean
25	!! blk_ice : computes momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes over sea ice
26	!! rho_air : density of (moist) air (depends on T_air, q_air and SLP
27	!! cp_air : specific heat of (moist) air (depends spec. hum. q_air)
28	!! q_sat : saturation humidity as a function of SLP and temperature
29	!! L_vap : latent heat of vaporization of water as a function of temperature
30	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
31	USE oce ! ocean dynamics and tracers
32	USE dom_oce ! ocean space and time domain
33	USE phycst ! physical constants
34	USE fldread ! read input fields
35	USE sbc_oce ! Surface boundary condition: ocean fields
36	USE cyclone ! Cyclone 10m wind form trac of cyclone centres
37	USE sbcdcy ! surface boundary condition: diurnal cycle
38	USE sbcwave , ONLY : cdn_wave ! wave module
39	USE sbc_ice ! Surface boundary condition: ice fields
40	USE lib_fortran ! to use key_nosignedzero
41	#if defined key_lim3
42	USE ice , ONLY : u_ice, v_ice, jpl, pfrld, a_i_b, at_i_b
43	USE limthd_dh ! for CALL lim_thd_snwblow
44	#elif defined key_lim2
45	USE ice_2 , ONLY : u_ice, v_ice
46	USE par_ice_2 ! LIM-2 parameters
47	#endif
48	USE sbcblk_algo_ncar ! => turb_ncar : NCAR - CORE (Large & Yeager, 2009)
49	USE sbcblk_algo_coare ! => turb_coare : COAREv3.0 (Fairall et al. 2003)
50	USE sbcblk_algo_coare3p5 ! => turb_coare3p5 : COAREv3.5 (Edson et al. 2013)
51	USE sbcblk_algo_ecmwf ! => turb_ecmwf : ECMWF (IFS cycle 31)
52	!
53	USE iom ! I/O manager library
54	USE in_out_manager ! I/O manager
55	USE lib_mpp ! distribued memory computing library
56	USE wrk_nemo ! work arrays
57	USE timing ! Timing
58	USE lbclnk ! ocean lateral boundary conditions (or mpp link)
59	USE prtctl ! Print control
60
61	IMPLICIT NONE
62	PRIVATE
63
64	PUBLIC sbc_blk_init ! called in sbcmod
65	PUBLIC sbc_blk ! called in sbcmod
66	#if defined key_lim2 \|\| defined key_lim3
67	PUBLIC blk_ice_tau ! routine called in sbc_ice_lim module
68	PUBLIC blk_ice_flx ! routine called in sbc_ice_lim module
69	#endif
70
71	!!Lolo: should ultimately be moved in the module with all physical constants ?
72	!!gm : In principle, yes.
73	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Cp_dry = 1005.0 !: Specic heat of dry air, constant pressure [J/K/kg]
74	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Cp_vap = 1860.0 !: Specic heat of water vapor, constant pressure [J/K/kg]
75	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: R_dry = 287.05_wp !: Specific gas constant for dry air [J/K/kg]
76	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: R_vap = 461.495_wp !: Specific gas constant for water vapor [J/K/kg]
77	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: reps0 = R_dry/R_vap !: ratio of gas constant for dry air and water vapor => ~ 0.622
78	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: rctv0 = R_vap/R_dry !: for virtual temperature (== (1-eps)/eps) => ~ 0.608
79
80	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jpfld =10 ! maximum number of files to read
81	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_wndi = 1 ! index of 10m wind velocity (i-component) (m/s) at T-point
82	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_wndj = 2 ! index of 10m wind velocity (j-component) (m/s) at T-point
83	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_tair = 3 ! index of 10m air temperature (Kelvin)
84	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_humi = 4 ! index of specific humidity ( % )
85	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_qsr = 5 ! index of solar heat (W/m2)
86	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_qlw = 6 ! index of Long wave (W/m2)
87	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_prec = 7 ! index of total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s)
88	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_snow = 8 ! index of snow (solid prcipitation) (kg/m2/s)
89	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_slp = 9 ! index of sea level pressure (Pa)
90	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_tdif =10 ! index of tau diff associated to HF tau (N/m2) at T-point
91
92	TYPE(FLD), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! structure of input fields (file informations, fields read)
93
94	! !!! Bulk parameters
95	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: cpa = 1000.5 ! specific heat of air (only used for ice fluxes now...)
96	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Ls = 2.839e6 ! latent heat of sublimation
97	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Stef = 5.67e-8 ! Stefan Boltzmann constant
98	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Cd_ice = 1.4e-3 ! iovi 1.63e-3 ! transfer coefficient over ice
99	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: albo = 0.066 ! ocean albedo assumed to be constant
100	!
101	! !!* Namelist namsbc_blk : bulk parameters
102	LOGICAL :: ln_NCAR ! "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008)
103	LOGICAL :: ln_COARE_3p0 ! "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003)
104	LOGICAL :: ln_COARE_3p5 ! "COARE 3.5" algorithm (Edson et al. 2013)
105	LOGICAL :: ln_ECMWF ! "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 31)
106	!
107	LOGICAL :: ln_taudif ! logical flag to use the "mean of stress module - module of mean stress" data
108	REAL(wp) :: rn_pfac ! multiplication factor for precipitation
109	REAL(wp) :: rn_efac ! multiplication factor for evaporation (clem)
110	REAL(wp) :: rn_vfac ! multiplication factor for ice/ocean velocity in the calculation of wind stress (clem)
111	REAL(wp) :: rn_zqt ! z(q,t) : height of humidity and temperature measurements
112	REAL(wp) :: rn_zu ! z(u) : height of wind measurements
113	LOGICAL :: ln_Cd_L12 = .FALSE. ! Modify the drag ice-atm and oce-atm depending on ice concentration (from Lupkes et al. JGR2012)
114	!
115	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, SAVE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: Cd_oce ! air-ocean drag (clem)
116
117	INTEGER :: nblk ! choice of the bulk algorithm
118	! ! associated indices:
119	INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_NCAR = 1 ! "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008)
120	INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_COARE_3p0 = 2 ! "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003)
121	INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_COARE_3p5 = 3 ! "COARE 3.5" algorithm (Edson et al. 2013)
122	INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_ECMWF = 4 ! "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 31)
123
124	!! * Substitutions
125	# include "vectopt_loop_substitute.h90"
126	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
127	!! NEMO/OPA 3.7 , NEMO-consortium (2014)
128	!! $Id: sbcblk.F90 6416 2016-04-01 12:22:17Z clem $
129	!! Software governed by the CeCILL licence (NEMOGCM/NEMO_CeCILL.txt)
130	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
131	CONTAINS
132
133	INTEGER FUNCTION sbc_blk_alloc()
134	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------
135	!! * ROUTINE sbc_blk_alloc *
136	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------
137	ALLOCATE( Cd_oce(jpi,jpj) , STAT=sbc_blk_alloc )
138	!
139	IF( lk_mpp ) CALL mpp_sum ( sbc_blk_alloc )
140	IF( sbc_blk_alloc /= 0 ) CALL ctl_warn('sbc_blk_alloc: failed to allocate arrays')
141	END FUNCTION sbc_blk_alloc
142
143	SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_init
144	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
145	!! * ROUTINE sbc_blk_init *
146	!!
147	!! ** Purpose : choose and initialize a bulk formulae formulation
148	!!
149	!! ** Method :
150	!!
151	!! C A U T I O N : never mask the surface stress fields
152	!! the stress is assumed to be in the (i,j) mesh referential
153	!!
154	!! ** Action :
155	!!
156	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
157	INTEGER :: ifpr, jfld ! dummy loop indice and argument
158	INTEGER :: ios, ierror, ioptio ! Local integer
159	!!
160	CHARACTER(len=100) :: cn_dir ! Root directory for location of atmospheric forcing files
161	TYPE(FLD_N), DIMENSION(jpfld) :: slf_i ! array of namelist informations on the fields to read
162	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_wndi, sn_wndj, sn_humi, sn_qsr ! informations about the fields to be read
163	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_qlw , sn_tair, sn_prec, sn_snow ! " "
164	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_slp , sn_tdif ! " "
165	NAMELIST/namsbc_blk/ sn_wndi, sn_wndj, sn_humi, sn_qsr, sn_qlw , & ! input fields
166	& sn_tair, sn_prec, sn_snow, sn_slp, sn_tdif, &
167	& ln_NCAR, ln_COARE_3p0, ln_COARE_3p5, ln_ECMWF, & ! bulk algorithm
168	& cn_dir , ln_taudif, rn_zqt, rn_zu, &
169	& rn_pfac, rn_efac, rn_vfac, ln_Cd_L12
170	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
171	!
172	! ! allocate sbc_blk_core array
173	IF( sbc_blk_alloc() /= 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk : unable to allocate standard arrays' )
174	!
175	! !** read bulk namelist
176	REWIND( numnam_ref ) !* Namelist namsbc_blk in reference namelist : bulk parameters
177	READ ( numnam_ref, namsbc_blk, IOSTAT = ios, ERR = 901)
178	901 IF( ios /= 0 ) CALL ctl_nam ( ios , 'namsbc_blk in reference namelist', lwp )
179	!
180	REWIND( numnam_cfg ) !* Namelist namsbc_blk in configuration namelist : bulk parameters
181	READ ( numnam_cfg, namsbc_blk, IOSTAT = ios, ERR = 902 )
182	902 IF( ios /= 0 ) CALL ctl_nam ( ios , 'namsbc_blk in configuration namelist', lwp )
183	!
184	IF(lwm) WRITE( numond, namsbc_blk )
185	!
186	! !** initialization of the chosen bulk formulae (+ check)
187	! !* select the bulk chosen in the namelist and check the choice
188	; ioptio = 0
189	IF( ln_NCAR ) THEN ; nblk = np_NCAR ; ioptio = ioptio + 1 ; ENDIF
190	IF( ln_COARE_3p0 ) THEN ; nblk = np_COARE_3p0 ; ioptio = ioptio + 1 ; ENDIF
191	IF( ln_COARE_3p5 ) THEN ; nblk = np_COARE_3p5 ; ioptio = ioptio + 1 ; ENDIF
192	IF( ln_ECMWF ) THEN ; nblk = np_ECMWF ; ioptio = ioptio + 1 ; ENDIF
193	!
194	IF( ioptio /= 1 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: Choose one and only one bulk algorithm' )
195	!
196	IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN !* check: diurnal cycle on Qsr
197	IF( sn_qsr%nfreqh /= 24 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: ln_dm2dc=T only with daily short-wave input' )
198	IF( sn_qsr%ln_tint ) THEN
199	CALL ctl_warn( 'sbc_blk_init: ln_dm2dc=T daily qsr time interpolation done by sbcdcy module', &
200	& ' ==> We force time interpolation = .false. for qsr' )
201	sn_qsr%ln_tint = .false.
202	ENDIF
203	ENDIF
204	! !* set the bulk structure
205	! !- store namelist information in an array
206	slf_i(jp_wndi) = sn_wndi ; slf_i(jp_wndj) = sn_wndj
207	slf_i(jp_qsr ) = sn_qsr ; slf_i(jp_qlw ) = sn_qlw
208	slf_i(jp_tair) = sn_tair ; slf_i(jp_humi) = sn_humi
209	slf_i(jp_prec) = sn_prec ; slf_i(jp_snow) = sn_snow
210	slf_i(jp_slp) = sn_slp ; slf_i(jp_tdif) = sn_tdif
211	!
212	lhftau = ln_taudif !- add an extra field if HF stress is used
213	jfld = jpfld - COUNT( (/.NOT.lhftau/) )
214	!
215	! !- allocate the bulk structure
216	ALLOCATE( sf(jfld), STAT=ierror )
217	IF( ierror > 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk_init: unable to allocate sf structure' )
218	DO ifpr= 1, jfld
219	ALLOCATE( sf(ifpr)%fnow(jpi,jpj,1) )
220	IF( slf_i(ifpr)%ln_tint ) ALLOCATE( sf(ifpr)%fdta(jpi,jpj,1,2) )
221	END DO
222	! !- fill the bulk structure with namelist informations
223	CALL fld_fill( sf, slf_i, cn_dir, 'sbc_blk_init', 'surface boundary condition -- bulk formulae', 'namsbc_blk' )
224	!
225	IF ( ln_wave ) THEN
226	!Activated wave module but neither drag nor stokes drift activated
227	IF ( .NOT.(ln_cdgw .OR. ln_sdw .OR. ln_tauoc .OR. ln_stcor ) ) THEN
228	CALL ctl_warn( 'Ask for wave coupling but ln_cdgw=F, ln_sdw=F, ln_tauoc=F, ln_stcor=F')
229	!drag coefficient read from wave model definable only with mfs bulk formulae and core
230	ELSEIF (ln_cdgw .AND. .NOT. ln_NCAR ) THEN
231	CALL ctl_stop( 'drag coefficient read from wave model definable only with mfs bulk formulae and core')
232	ELSEIF (ln_stcor .AND. .NOT. ln_sdw) THEN
233	CALL ctl_stop( 'Stokes-Coriolis term calculated only if activated Stokes Drift ln_sdw=T')
234	ENDIF
235	ELSE
236	IF ( ln_cdgw .OR. ln_sdw .OR. ln_tauoc .OR. ln_stcor ) &
237	& CALL ctl_stop( 'Not Activated Wave Module (ln_wave=F) but asked coupling ', &
238	& 'with drag coefficient (ln_cdgw =T) ' , &
239	& 'or Stokes Drift (ln_sdw=T) ' , &
240	& 'or ocean stress modification due to waves (ln_tauoc=T) ', &
241	& 'or Stokes-Coriolis term (ln_stcori=T)' )
242	ENDIF
243	!
244	!
245	IF(lwp) THEN !** Control print
246	!
247	WRITE(numout,) ! namelist
248	WRITE(numout,*) ' Namelist namsbc_blk (other than data information):'
249	WRITE(numout,*) ' "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008) ln_NCAR = ', ln_NCAR
250	WRITE(numout,*) ' "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003) ln_COARE_3p0 = ', ln_COARE_3p0
251	WRITE(numout,*) ' "COARE 3.5" algorithm (Edson et al. 2013) ln_COARE_3p5 = ', ln_COARE_3p0
252	WRITE(numout,*) ' "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 31) ln_ECMWF = ', ln_ECMWF
253	WRITE(numout,*) ' add High freq.contribution to the stress module ln_taudif = ', ln_taudif
254	WRITE(numout,*) ' Air temperature and humidity reference height (m) rn_zqt = ', rn_zqt
255	WRITE(numout,*) ' Wind vector reference height (m) rn_zu = ', rn_zu
256	WRITE(numout,*) ' factor applied on precipitation (total & snow) rn_pfac = ', rn_pfac
257	WRITE(numout,*) ' factor applied on evaporation rn_efac = ', rn_efac
258	WRITE(numout,*) ' factor applied on ocean/ice velocity rn_vfac = ', rn_vfac
259	WRITE(numout,*) ' (form absolute (=0) to relative winds(=1))'
260	!
261	WRITE(numout,*)
262	SELECT CASE( nblk ) !* Print the choice of bulk algorithm
263	CASE( np_NCAR ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ===>> "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008)'
264	CASE( np_COARE_3p0 ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ===>> "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003)'
265	CASE( np_COARE_3p5 ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ===>> "COARE 3.5" algorithm (Edson et al. 2013)'
266	CASE( np_ECMWF ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ===>> "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 31)'
267	END SELECT
268	!
269	ENDIF
270	!
271	END SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_init
272
273
274	SUBROUTINE sbc_blk( kt )
275	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
276	!! * ROUTINE sbc_blk *
277	!!
278	!! ** Purpose : provide at each time step the surface ocean fluxes
279	!! (momentum, heat, freshwater and runoff)
280	!!
281	!! ** Method : (1) READ each fluxes in NetCDF files:
282	!! the 10m wind velocity (i-component) (m/s) at T-point
283	!! the 10m wind velocity (j-component) (m/s) at T-point
284	!! the 10m or 2m specific humidity ( % )
285	!! the solar heat (W/m2)
286	!! the Long wave (W/m2)
287	!! the 10m or 2m air temperature (Kelvin)
288	!! the total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s)
289	!! the snow (solid prcipitation) (kg/m2/s)
290	!! the tau diff associated to HF tau (N/m2) at T-point (ln_taudif=T)
291	!! (2) CALL blk_oce
292	!!
293	!! C A U T I O N : never mask the surface stress fields
294	!! the stress is assumed to be in the (i,j) mesh referential
295	!!
296	!! ** Action : defined at each time-step at the air-sea interface
297	!! - utau, vtau i- and j-component of the wind stress
298	!! - taum wind stress module at T-point
299	!! - wndm wind speed module at T-point over free ocean or leads in presence of sea-ice
300	!! - qns, qsr non-solar and solar heat fluxes
301	!! - emp upward mass flux (evapo. - precip.)
302	!! - sfx salt flux due to freezing/melting (non-zero only if ice is present)
303	!! (set in limsbc(_2).F90)
304	!!
305	!! ** References : Large & Yeager, 2004 / Large & Yeager, 2008
306	!! Brodeau et al. Ocean Modelling 2010
307	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
308	INTEGER, INTENT(in) :: kt ! ocean time step
309	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
310	!
311	CALL fld_read( kt, nn_fsbc, sf ) ! input fields provided at the current time-step
312	!
313	! ! compute the surface ocean fluxes using bulk formulea
314	IF( MOD( kt - 1, nn_fsbc ) == 0 ) CALL blk_oce( kt, sf, sst_m, ssu_m, ssv_m )
315
316	#if defined key_cice
317	IF( MOD( kt - 1, nn_fsbc ) == 0 ) THEN
318	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
319	DO jj = 1, jpj
320	DO ji = 1, jpi
321	qlw_ice(ji,jj,1) = sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(ji,jj,1)
322	END DO
323	END DO
324	IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN ; qsr_ice(:,:,1) = sbc_dcy( sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) )
325	ELSE
326	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
327	DO jj = 1, jpj
328	DO ji = 1, jpi
329	qsr_ice(ji,jj,1) = sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(ji,jj,1)
330	END DO
331	END DO
332	ENDIF
333	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
334	DO jj = 1, jpj
335	DO ji = 1, jpi
336	tatm_ice(ji,jj) = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1)
337	qatm_ice(ji,jj) = sf(jp_humi)%fnow(ji,jj,1)
338	tprecip(ji,jj) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * rn_pfac
339	sprecip(ji,jj) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * rn_pfac
340	wndi_ice(ji,jj) = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1)
341	wndj_ice(ji,jj) = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1)
342	END DO
343	END DO
344	ENDIF
345	#endif
346	!
347	END SUBROUTINE sbc_blk
348
349
350	SUBROUTINE blk_oce( kt, sf, pst, pu, pv )
351	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
352	!! * ROUTINE blk_oce *
353	!!
354	!! ** Purpose : provide the momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes at
355	!! the ocean surface at each time step
356	!!
357	!! ** Method : bulk formulea for the ocean using atmospheric
358	!! fields read in sbc_read
359	!!
360	!! ** Outputs : - utau : i-component of the stress at U-point (N/m2)
361	!! - vtau : j-component of the stress at V-point (N/m2)
362	!! - taum : Wind stress module at T-point (N/m2)
363	!! - wndm : Wind speed module at T-point (m/s)
364	!! - qsr : Solar heat flux over the ocean (W/m2)
365	!! - qns : Non Solar heat flux over the ocean (W/m2)
366	!! - emp : evaporation minus precipitation (kg/m2/s)
367	!!
368	!! ** Nota : sf has to be a dummy argument for AGRIF on NEC
369	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
370	INTEGER , INTENT(in ) :: kt ! time step index
371	TYPE(fld), INTENT(inout), DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! input data
372	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pst ! surface temperature [Celcius]
373	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pu ! surface current at U-point (i-component) [m/s]
374	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pv ! surface current at V-point (j-component) [m/s]
375	!
376	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
377	REAL(wp) :: zztmp ! local variable
378	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zwnd_i, zwnd_j ! wind speed components at T-point
379	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zsq ! specific humidity at pst
380	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zqlw, zqsb ! long wave and sensible heat fluxes
381	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zqla, zevap ! latent heat fluxes and evaporation
382	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Cd ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
383	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ch ! transfer coefficient for sensible heat (Q_sens)
384	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ce ! tansfert coefficient for evaporation (Q_lat)
385	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zst ! surface temperature in Kelvin
386	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zt_zu ! air temperature at wind speed height
387	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zq_zu ! air spec. hum. at wind speed height
388	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zU_zu ! bulk wind speed at height zu [m/s]
389	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: ztpot ! potential temperature of air at z=rn_zqt [K]
390	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zrhoa ! density of air [kg/m^3]
391	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
392	!
393	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_oce')
394	!
395	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zwnd_i, zwnd_j, zsq, zqlw, zqsb, zqla, zevap )
396	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, Cd, Ch, Ce, zst, zt_zu, zq_zu )
397	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zU_zu, ztpot, zrhoa )
398	!
399
400	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
401	DO jj = 1, jpj
402	DO ji = 1, jpi
403	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
404	zst(ji,jj) = pst(ji,jj) + rt0 ! convert SST from Celcius to Kelvin (and set minimum value far above 0 K)
405
406	! ... components ( U10m - U_oce ) at T-point (unmasked)
407	!!gm move zwnd_i (_j) set to zero inside the key_cyclone ???
408	zwnd_i(ji,jj) = 0._wp
409	zwnd_j(ji,jj) = 0._wp
410	END DO
411	END DO
412	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
413	! 0 Wind components and module at T-point relative to the moving ocean !
414	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
415
416	#if defined key_cyclone
417	CALL wnd_cyc( kt, zwnd_i, zwnd_j ) ! add analytical tropical cyclone (Vincent et al. JGR 2012)
418	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
419	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
420	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
421	sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) + zwnd_i(ji,jj)
422	sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) + zwnd_j(ji,jj)
423	END DO
424	END DO
425	#endif
426	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
427	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
428	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
429	zwnd_i(ji,jj) = ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( pu(ji-1,jj ) + pu(ji,jj) ) )
430	zwnd_j(ji,jj) = ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( pv(ji ,jj-1) + pv(ji,jj) ) )
431	END DO
432	END DO
433	CALL lbc_lnk( zwnd_i(:,:) , 'T', -1. )
434	CALL lbc_lnk( zwnd_j(:,:) , 'T', -1. )
435	! ... scalar wind ( = \| U10m - U_oce \| ) at T-point (masked)
436	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
437	DO jj = 1, jpj
438	DO ji = 1, jpi
439	wndm(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwnd_i(ji,jj) * zwnd_i(ji,jj) &
440	& + zwnd_j(ji,jj) * zwnd_j(ji,jj) ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
441
442	END DO
443	END DO
444	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
445	! I Radiative FLUXES !
446	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
447
448	! ocean albedo assumed to be constant + modify now Qsr to include the diurnal cycle ! Short Wave
449	zztmp = 1. - albo
450	IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN ; qsr(:,:) = zztmp * sbc_dcy( sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * tmask(:,:,1)
451	ELSE
452	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
453	DO jj = 1, jpj
454	DO ji = 1, jpi
455	qsr(ji,jj) = zztmp * sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
456	END DO
457	END DO
458	ENDIF
459
460	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
461	DO jj = 1, jpj
462	DO ji = 1, jpi
463	zqlw(ji,jj) = ( sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - Stef * zst(ji,jj)zst(ji,jj)zst(ji,jj)zst(ji,jj) ) tmask(ji,jj,1) ! Long Wave
464	END DO
465	END DO
466
467
468
469	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
470	! II Turbulent FLUXES !
471	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
472
473	! ... specific humidity at SST and IST tmask(
474	zsq(:,:) = 0.98 * q_sat( zst(:,:), sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1) )
475	!!
476	!! Estimate of potential temperature at z=rn_zqt, based on adiabatic lapse-rate
477	!! (see Josey, Gulev & Yu, 2013) / doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-391851-2.00005-2
478	!! (since reanalysis products provide T at z, not theta !)
479	ztpot = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) + gamma_moist( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * rn_zqt
480
481	SELECT CASE( nblk ) !== transfer coefficients ==! Cd, Ch, Ce at T-point
482	!
483	CASE( np_NCAR ) ; CALL turb_ncar ( rn_zqt, rn_zu, zst, ztpot, zsq, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, & ! NCAR-COREv2
484	& Cd, Ch, Ce, zt_zu, zq_zu, zU_zu )
485	CASE( np_COARE_3p0 ) ; CALL turb_coare ( rn_zqt, rn_zu, zst, ztpot, zsq, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, & ! COARE v3.0
486	& Cd, Ch, Ce, zt_zu, zq_zu, zU_zu )
487	CASE( np_COARE_3p5 ) ; CALL turb_coare3p5( rn_zqt, rn_zu, zst, ztpot, zsq, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, & ! COARE v3.5
488	& Cd, Ch, Ce, zt_zu, zq_zu, zU_zu )
489	CASE( np_ECMWF ) ; CALL turb_ecmwf ( rn_zqt, rn_zu, zst, ztpot, zsq, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, & ! ECMWF
490	& Cd, Ch, Ce, zt_zu, zq_zu, zU_zu )
491	CASE DEFAULT
492	CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_oce: non-existing bulk formula selected' )
493	END SELECT
494
495	! ! Compute true air density :
496	IF( ABS(rn_zu - rn_zqt) > 0.01 ) THEN ! At zu: (probably useless to remove zrhogravrn_zu from SLP...)
497	zrhoa(:,:) = rho_air( zt_zu(:,:) , zq_zu(:,:) , sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1) )
498	ELSE ! At zt:
499	zrhoa(:,:) = rho_air( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1) )
500	END IF
501
502	!$OMP PARALLEL
503	!$OMP DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
504	DO jj = 1, jpj
505	DO ji = 1, jpi
506	Cd_oce(ji,jj) = Cd(ji,jj) ! record value of pure ocean-atm. drag (clem)
507	END DO
508	END DO
509
510	!$OMP DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
511	DO jj = 1, jpj ! tau module, i and j component
512	DO ji = 1, jpi
513	zztmp = zrhoa(ji,jj) * zU_zu(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj) ! using bulk wind speed
514	taum (ji,jj) = zztmp * wndm (ji,jj)
515	zwnd_i(ji,jj) = zztmp * zwnd_i(ji,jj)
516	zwnd_j(ji,jj) = zztmp * zwnd_j(ji,jj)
517	END DO
518	END DO
519	!$OMP END PARALLEL
520
521	! ! add the HF tau contribution to the wind stress module
522	IF( lhftau ) THEN
523	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
524	DO jj = 1, jpj
525	DO ji = 1, jpi
526	taum(ji,jj) = taum(ji,jj) + sf(jp_tdif)%fnow(ji,jj,1)
527	END DO
528	END DO
529	END IF
530
531	CALL iom_put( "taum_oce", taum ) ! output wind stress module
532
533	! ... utau, vtau at U- and V_points, resp.
534	! Note the use of 0.5*(2-umask) in order to unmask the stress along coastlines
535	! Note the use of MAX(tmask(i,j),tmask(i+1,j) is to mask tau over ice shelves
536	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
537	DO jj = 1, jpjm1
538	DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1
539	utau(ji,jj) = 0.5 * ( 2. - umask(ji,jj,1) ) * ( zwnd_i(ji,jj) + zwnd_i(ji+1,jj ) ) &
540	& * MAX(tmask(ji,jj,1),tmask(ji+1,jj,1))
541	vtau(ji,jj) = 0.5 * ( 2. - vmask(ji,jj,1) ) * ( zwnd_j(ji,jj) + zwnd_j(ji ,jj+1) ) &
542	& * MAX(tmask(ji,jj,1),tmask(ji,jj+1,1))
543	END DO
544	END DO
545	CALL lbc_lnk( utau(:,:), 'U', -1. )
546	CALL lbc_lnk( vtau(:,:), 'V', -1. )
547
548
549	! Turbulent fluxes over ocean
550	! -----------------------------
551
552	! zqla used as temporary array, for rho*U (common term of bulk formulae):
553	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
554	DO jj = 1, jpj
555	DO ji = 1, jpi
556	zqla(ji,jj) = zrhoa(ji,jj) * zU_zu(ji,jj)
557	END DO
558	END DO
559
560	IF( ABS( rn_zu - rn_zqt) < 0.01_wp ) THEN
561	!! q_air and t_air are given at 10m (wind reference height)
562	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
563	DO jj = 1, jpj
564	DO ji = 1, jpi
565	zevap(ji,jj) = rn_efacMAX( 0._wp, zqla(ji,jj)Ce(ji,jj)*(zsq(ji,jj) - sf(jp_humi)%fnow(ji,jj,1)) ) ! Evaporation, using bulk wind speed
566	END DO
567	END DO
568	zqsb (:,:) = cp_air(sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1))zqla(:,:)Ch(:,:)*(zst(:,:) - ztpot(:,:) ) ! Sensible Heat, using bulk wind speed
569	ELSE
570	!! q_air and t_air are not given at 10m (wind reference height)
571	! Values of temp. and hum. adjusted to height of wind during bulk algorithm iteration must be used!!!
572	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
573	DO jj = 1, jpj
574	DO ji = 1, jpi
575	zevap(ji,jj) = rn_efacMAX( 0._wp, zqla(ji,jj)Ce(ji,jj)*(zsq(ji,jj) - zq_zu(ji,jj) ) ) ! Evaporation ! using bulk wind speed
576	END DO
577	END DO
578	zqsb (:,:) = cp_air(sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1))zqla(:,:)Ch(:,:)*(zst(:,:) - zt_zu(:,:) ) ! Sensible Heat ! using bulk wind speed
579	ENDIF
580
581	zqla(:,:) = L_vap(zst(:,:)) * zevap(:,:) ! Latent Heat flux
582
583
584	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
585	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqla , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqla : ', tab2d_2=Ce , clinfo2=' Ce : ' )
586	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqsb , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqsb : ', tab2d_2=Ch , clinfo2=' Ch : ' )
587	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqlw , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqlw : ', tab2d_2=qsr, clinfo2=' qsr : ' )
588	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zsq , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zsq : ', tab2d_2=zst, clinfo2=' zst : ' )
589	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=utau , clinfo1=' blk_oce: utau : ', mask1=umask, &
590	& tab2d_2=vtau , clinfo2= ' vtau : ', mask2=vmask )
591	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=wndm , clinfo1=' blk_oce: wndm : ')
592	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zst , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zst : ')
593	ENDIF
594
595	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
596	! III Total FLUXES !
597	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
598	!
599	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
600	DO jj = 1, jpj
601	DO ji = 1, jpi
602	emp (ji,jj) = ( zevap(ji,jj) & ! mass flux (evap. - precip.)
603	& - sf(jp_prec)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * rn_pfac ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
604	!
605	qns(ji,jj) = zqlw(ji,jj) - zqsb(ji,jj) - zqla(ji,jj) & ! Downward Non Solar
606	& - sf(jp_snow)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * rn_pfac * lfus & ! remove latent melting heat for solid precip
607	& - zevap(ji,jj) * pst(ji,jj) * rcp & ! remove evap heat content at SST
608	& + ( sf(jp_prec)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - sf(jp_snow)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) * rn_pfac & ! add liquid precip heat content at Tair
609	& * ( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rt0 ) * rcp &
610	& + sf(jp_snow)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * rn_pfac & ! add solid precip heat content at min(Tair,Tsnow)
611	& * ( MIN( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1), rt0_snow ) - rt0 ) * cpic * tmask(ji,jj,1)
612	!
613	#if defined key_lim3
614	qns_oce(ji,jj) = zqlw(ji,jj) - zqsb(ji,jj) - zqla(ji,jj) ! non solar without emp (only needed by LIM3)
615	qsr_oce(ji,jj) = qsr(ji,jj)
616	#endif
617	END DO
618	END DO
619	!
620	IF ( nn_ice == 0 ) THEN
621	CALL iom_put( "qlw_oce" , zqlw ) ! output downward longwave heat over the ocean
622	CALL iom_put( "qsb_oce" , - zqsb ) ! output downward sensible heat over the ocean
623	CALL iom_put( "qla_oce" , - zqla ) ! output downward latent heat over the ocean
624	CALL iom_put( "qemp_oce", qns-zqlw+zqsb+zqla ) ! output downward heat content of E-P over the ocean
625	CALL iom_put( "qns_oce" , qns ) ! output downward non solar heat over the ocean
626	CALL iom_put( "qsr_oce" , qsr ) ! output downward solar heat over the ocean
627	CALL iom_put( "qt_oce" , qns+qsr ) ! output total downward heat over the ocean
628	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
629	DO jj = 1, jpj
630	DO ji = 1, jpi
631	tprecip(ji,jj) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * rn_pfac ! output total precipitation [kg/m2/s]
632	sprecip(ji,jj) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * rn_pfac ! output solid precipitation [kg/m2/s]
633	END DO
634	END DO
635	CALL iom_put( 'snowpre', sprecip * 86400. ) ! Snow
636	CALL iom_put( 'precip' , tprecip * 86400. ) ! Total precipitation
637	ENDIF
638	!
639	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
640	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqsb , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqsb : ', tab2d_2=zqlw , clinfo2=' zqlw : ')
641	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqla , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqla : ', tab2d_2=qsr , clinfo2=' qsr : ')
642	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=pst , clinfo1=' blk_oce: pst : ', tab2d_2=emp , clinfo2=' emp : ')
643	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=utau , clinfo1=' blk_oce: utau : ', mask1=umask, &
644	& tab2d_2=vtau , clinfo2= ' vtau : ' , mask2=vmask )
645	ENDIF
646	!
647	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, zwnd_i, zwnd_j, zsq, zqlw, zqsb, zqla, zevap )
648	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, Cd, Ch, Ce, zst, zt_zu, zq_zu )
649	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, zU_zu, ztpot, zrhoa )
650	!
651	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_oce')
652	!
653	END SUBROUTINE blk_oce
654
655	#if defined key_lim2 \|\| defined key_lim3
656
657	SUBROUTINE blk_ice_tau
658	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
659	!! * ROUTINE blk_ice_tau *
660	!!
661	!! ** Purpose : provide the surface boundary condition over sea-ice
662	!!
663	!! ** Method : compute momentum using bulk formulation
664	!! formulea, ice variables and read atmospheric fields.
665	!! NB: ice drag coefficient is assumed to be a constant
666	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
667	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
668	!
669	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: zrhoa
670	!
671	REAL(wp) :: zwnorm_f, zwndi_f , zwndj_f ! relative wind module and components at F-point
672	REAL(wp) :: zwndi_t , zwndj_t ! relative wind components at T-point
673	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Cd ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
674	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
675	!
676	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_ice_tau')
677	!
678	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zrhoa )
679	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, Cd )
680
681	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
682	DO jj = 1, jpj
683	DO ji = 1, jpi
684	Cd(ji,jj) = Cd_ice
685	END DO
686	END DO
687
688	! Make ice-atm. drag dependent on ice concentration (see Lupkes et al. 2012) (clem)
689	#if defined key_lim3
690	IF( ln_Cd_L12 ) THEN
691	CALL Cdn10_Lupkes2012( Cd ) ! calculate new drag from Lupkes(2012) equations
692	ENDIF
693	#endif
694
695	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
696	! Computing density of air! Way denser that 1.2 over sea-ice !!!
697	!!
698	zrhoa (:,:) = rho_air(sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1))
699
700	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
701	DO jj = 1, jpj
702	DO ji = 1, jpi
703	!!gm brutal....
704	utau_ice (ji,jj) = 0._wp
705	vtau_ice (ji,jj) = 0._wp
706	wndm_ice (ji,jj) = 0._wp
707	!!gm end
708	END DO
709	END DO
710
711	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
712	! Wind components and module relative to the moving ocean ( U10m - U_ice ) !
713	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
714	SELECT CASE( cp_ice_msh )
715	CASE( 'I' ) ! B-grid ice dynamics : I-point (i.e. F-point with sea-ice indexation)
716	! and scalar wind at T-point ( = \| U10m - U_ice \| ) (masked)
717	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj,ji,zwndi_f,zwndj_f,zwnorm_f,zwndi_t,zwndj_t)
718	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
719	DO ji = 2, jpim1 ! B grid : NO vector opt
720	! ... scalar wind at I-point (fld being at T-point)
721	zwndi_f = 0.25 * ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji-1,jj ,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji ,jj ,1) &
722	& + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji-1,jj-1,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji ,jj-1,1) ) - rn_vfac * u_ice(ji,jj)
723	zwndj_f = 0.25 * ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji-1,jj ,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji ,jj ,1) &
724	& + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji-1,jj-1,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji ,jj-1,1) ) - rn_vfac * v_ice(ji,jj)
725	zwnorm_f = zrhoa(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj) * SQRT( zwndi_f * zwndi_f + zwndj_f * zwndj_f )
726	! ... ice stress at I-point
727	utau_ice(ji,jj) = zwnorm_f * zwndi_f
728	vtau_ice(ji,jj) = zwnorm_f * zwndj_f
729	! ... scalar wind at T-point (fld being at T-point)
730	zwndi_t = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.25 * ( u_ice(ji,jj+1) + u_ice(ji+1,jj+1) &
731	& + u_ice(ji,jj ) + u_ice(ji+1,jj ) )
732	zwndj_t = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.25 * ( v_ice(ji,jj+1) + v_ice(ji+1,jj+1) &
733	& + v_ice(ji,jj ) + v_ice(ji+1,jj ) )
734	wndm_ice(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwndi_t * zwndi_t + zwndj_t * zwndj_t ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
735	END DO
736	END DO
737	CALL lbc_lnk( utau_ice, 'I', -1. )
738	CALL lbc_lnk( vtau_ice, 'I', -1. )
739	CALL lbc_lnk( wndm_ice, 'T', 1. )
740	!
741	CASE( 'C' ) ! C-grid ice dynamics : U & V-points (same as ocean)
742	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj,ji,zwndi_t,zwndj_t)
743	DO jj = 2, jpj
744	DO ji = fs_2, jpi ! vect. opt.
745	zwndi_t = ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( u_ice(ji-1,jj ) + u_ice(ji,jj) ) )
746	zwndj_t = ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( v_ice(ji ,jj-1) + v_ice(ji,jj) ) )
747	wndm_ice(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwndi_t * zwndi_t + zwndj_t * zwndj_t ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
748	END DO
749	END DO
750	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj,ji)
751	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
752	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
753	utau_ice(ji,jj) = 0.5 * zrhoa(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj) * ( wndm_ice(ji+1,jj ) + wndm_ice(ji,jj) ) &
754	& * ( 0.5 * (sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji+1,jj,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) - rn_vfac * u_ice(ji,jj) )
755	vtau_ice(ji,jj) = 0.5 * zrhoa(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj) * ( wndm_ice(ji,jj+1 ) + wndm_ice(ji,jj) ) &
756	& * ( 0.5 * (sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj+1,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) - rn_vfac * v_ice(ji,jj) )
757	END DO
758	END DO
759	CALL lbc_lnk( utau_ice, 'U', -1. )
760	CALL lbc_lnk( vtau_ice, 'V', -1. )
761	CALL lbc_lnk( wndm_ice, 'T', 1. )
762	!
763	END SELECT
764
765	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
766	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=utau_ice , clinfo1=' blk_ice: utau_ice : ', tab2d_2=vtau_ice , clinfo2=' vtau_ice : ')
767	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=wndm_ice , clinfo1=' blk_ice: wndm_ice : ')
768	ENDIF
769
770	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_ice_tau')
771
772	END SUBROUTINE blk_ice_tau
773
774
775	SUBROUTINE blk_ice_flx( ptsu, palb )
776	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
777	!! * ROUTINE blk_ice_flx *
778	!!
779	!! ** Purpose : provide the surface boundary condition over sea-ice
780	!!
781	!! ** Method : compute heat and freshwater exchanged
782	!! between atmosphere and sea-ice using bulk formulation
783	!! formulea, ice variables and read atmmospheric fields.
784	!!
785	!! caution : the net upward water flux has with mm/day unit
786	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
787	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in) :: ptsu ! sea ice surface temperature
788	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in) :: palb ! ice albedo (all skies)
789	!!
790	INTEGER :: ji, jj, jl ! dummy loop indices
791	REAL(wp) :: zst2, zst3 ! local variable
792	REAL(wp) :: zcoef_dqlw, zcoef_dqla ! - -
793	REAL(wp) :: zztmp, z1_lsub ! - -
794	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_qlw ! long wave heat flux over ice
795	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: zevap_ice3d, zqns_ice3d, zqsr_ice3d
796	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_qsb ! sensible heat flux over ice
797	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_dqlw ! long wave heat sensitivity over ice
798	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_dqsb ! sensible heat sensitivity over ice
799	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: zevap, zsnw ! evaporation and snw distribution after wind blowing (LIM3)
800	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: zevap_ice2d, zqns_ice2d, zqsr_ice2d
801	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: zrhoa
802	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: Cd ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
803	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
804	!
805	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_ice_flx')
806	!
807	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj,jpl, z_qlw, z_qsb, z_dqlw, z_dqsb, zevap_ice3d, zqns_ice3d, zqsr_ice3d )
808	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zrhoa, zevap_ice2d, zqns_ice2d, zqsr_ice2d)
809	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, Cd )
810
811	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
812	DO jj = 1, jpj
813	DO ji = 1, jpi
814	Cd(ji,jj) = Cd_ice
815	END DO
816	END DO
817
818	! Make ice-atm. drag dependent on ice concentration (see Lupkes et al. 2012) (clem)
819	#if defined key_lim3
820	IF( ln_Cd_L12 ) THEN
821	CALL Cdn10_Lupkes2012( Cd ) ! calculate new drag from Lupkes(2012) equations
822	ENDIF
823	#endif
824
825	!
826	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
827	zcoef_dqlw = 4.0 * 0.95 * Stef
828	zcoef_dqla = -Ls * 11637800. * (-5897.8)
829	!
830	zrhoa(:,:) = rho_air( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1) )
831	!
832	zztmp = 1. / ( 1. - albo )
833	!$OMP PARALLEL
834	!$OMP DO schedule(static) private(jl,jj,ji,zst2,zst3) ! ========================== !
835	DO jl = 1, jpl ! Loop over ice categories !
836	! ! ========================== !
837	DO jj = 1 , jpj
838	DO ji = 1, jpi
839	! ----------------------------!
840	! I Radiative FLUXES !
841	! ----------------------------!
842	zst2 = ptsu(ji,jj,jl) * ptsu(ji,jj,jl)
843	zst3 = ptsu(ji,jj,jl) * zst2
844	! Short Wave (sw)
845	qsr_ice(ji,jj,jl) = zztmp * ( 1. - palb(ji,jj,jl) ) * qsr(ji,jj)
846	! Long Wave (lw)
847	z_qlw(ji,jj,jl) = 0.95 * ( sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - Stef * ptsu(ji,jj,jl) * zst3 ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
848	! lw sensitivity
849	z_dqlw(ji,jj,jl) = zcoef_dqlw * zst3
850
851	! ----------------------------!
852	! II Turbulent FLUXES !
853	! ----------------------------!
854
855	! ... turbulent heat fluxes
856	! Sensible Heat
857	z_qsb(ji,jj,jl) = zrhoa(ji,jj) * cpa * Cd(ji,jj) * wndm_ice(ji,jj) * ( ptsu(ji,jj,jl) - sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1) )
858	! Latent Heat
859	qla_ice(ji,jj,jl) = rn_efac * MAX( 0.e0, zrhoa(ji,jj) * Ls * Cd(ji,jj) * wndm_ice(ji,jj) &
860	& * ( 11637800. * EXP( -5897.8 / ptsu(ji,jj,jl) ) / zrhoa(ji,jj) - sf(jp_humi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) )
861	! Latent heat sensitivity for ice (Dqla/Dt)
862	IF( qla_ice(ji,jj,jl) > 0._wp ) THEN
863	dqla_ice(ji,jj,jl) = rn_efac * zcoef_dqla * Cd(ji,jj) * wndm_ice(ji,jj) / ( zst2 ) * EXP( -5897.8 / ptsu(ji,jj,jl) )
864	ELSE
865	dqla_ice(ji,jj,jl) = 0._wp
866	ENDIF
867
868	! Sensible heat sensitivity (Dqsb_ice/Dtn_ice)
869	z_dqsb(ji,jj,jl) = zrhoa(ji,jj) * cpa * Cd(ji,jj) * wndm_ice(ji,jj)
870
871	! ----------------------------!
872	! III Total FLUXES !
873	! ----------------------------!
874	! Downward Non Solar flux
875	qns_ice (ji,jj,jl) = z_qlw (ji,jj,jl) - z_qsb (ji,jj,jl) - qla_ice (ji,jj,jl)
876	! Total non solar heat flux sensitivity for ice
877	dqns_ice(ji,jj,jl) = - ( z_dqlw(ji,jj,jl) + z_dqsb(ji,jj,jl) + dqla_ice(ji,jj,jl) )
878	END DO
879	!
880	END DO
881	!
882	END DO
883	!
884	!$OMP DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
885	DO jj = 1, jpj
886	DO ji = 1, jpi
887	tprecip(ji,jj) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * rn_pfac ! total precipitation [kg/m2/s]
888	sprecip(ji,jj) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * rn_pfac ! solid precipitation [kg/m2/s]
889	END DO
890	END DO
891	!$OMP END PARALLEL
892	CALL iom_put( 'snowpre', sprecip * 86400. ) ! Snow precipitation
893	CALL iom_put( 'precip' , tprecip * 86400. ) ! Total precipitation
894
895	#if defined key_lim3
896	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zevap, zsnw )
897
898	! --- evaporation --- !
899	z1_lsub = 1._wp / Lsub
900	!$OMP PARALLEL
901	!$OMP DO schedule(static) private(jl,jj,ji)
902	DO jl = 1, jpl
903	DO jj = 1 , jpj
904	DO ji = 1, jpi
905	evap_ice (ji,jj,jl) = rn_efac * qla_ice (ji,jj,jl) * z1_lsub ! sublimation
906	devap_ice(ji,jj,jl) = rn_efac * dqla_ice(ji,jj,jl) * z1_lsub ! d(sublimation)/dT
907	END DO
908	END DO
909	END DO
910	!
911	!$OMP DO schedule(static) private(jj, ji)
912	DO jj = 1, jpj
913	DO ji = 1, jpi
914	zevap (ji,jj) = rn_efac * ( emp(ji,jj) + tprecip(ji,jj) ) ! evaporation over ocean
915
916	! --- evaporation minus precipitation --- !
917	zsnw(ji,jj) = 0._wp
918	END DO
919	END DO
920	!$OMP END PARALLEL
921	CALL lim_thd_snwblow( pfrld, zsnw ) ! snow distribution over ice after wind blowing
922	!$OMP PARALLEL
923	!$OMP DO schedule(static) private(jj,ji)
924	DO jj = 1, jpj
925	DO ji = 1, jpi
926	emp_oce(ji,jj) = pfrld(ji,jj) * zevap(ji,jj) - ( tprecip(ji,jj) - sprecip(ji,jj) ) - sprecip(ji,jj) * (1._wp - zsnw(ji,jj))
927	END DO
928	END DO
929	!$OMP END DO NOWAIT
930	!$OMP DO schedule(static) private(jl,jj,ji)
931	DO jl = 1, jpl
932	DO jj = 1 , jpj
933	DO ji = 1, jpi
934	zevap_ice3d(ji,jj,jl) = a_i_b(ji,jj,jl) * evap_ice(ji,jj,jl)
935	zqns_ice3d(ji,jj,jl) = a_i_b(ji,jj,jl) * qns_ice(ji,jj,jl)
936	zqsr_ice3d(ji,jj,jl) = a_i_b(ji,jj,jl) * qsr_ice(ji,jj,jl)
937	END DO
938	END DO
939	END DO
940	!$OMP END DO NOWAIT
941	!$OMP DO schedule(static) private(jj,ji)
942	DO jj = 1, jpj
943	DO ji = 1, jpi
944	zevap_ice2d(ji,jj) = 0._wp
945	zqns_ice2d(ji,jj) = 0._wp
946	zqsr_ice2d(ji,jj) = 0._wp
947	END DO
948	END DO
949	DO jl = 1, jpl
950	!$OMP DO schedule(static) private(jj,ji)
951	DO jj = 1 , jpj
952	DO ji = 1, jpi
953	zevap_ice2d(ji,jj) = zevap_ice2d(ji,jj) + zevap_ice3d(ji,jj,jl)
954	zqns_ice2d(ji,jj) = zqns_ice2d(ji,jj) + zqns_ice3d(ji,jj,jl)
955	zqsr_ice2d(ji,jj) = zqsr_ice2d(ji,jj) + zqsr_ice3d(ji,jj,jl)
956	END DO
957	END DO
958	END DO
959	!$OMP DO schedule(static) private(jj,ji)
960	DO jj = 1 , jpj
961	DO ji = 1, jpi
962	emp_ice(ji,jj) = zevap_ice2d(ji,jj) - sprecip(ji,jj) * zsnw(ji,jj)
963	emp_tot(ji,jj) = emp_oce(ji,jj) + emp_ice(ji,jj)
964
965	! --- heat flux associated with emp --- !
966	qemp_oce(ji,jj) = - pfrld(ji,jj) * zevap(ji,jj) * sst_m(ji,jj) * rcp & ! evap at sst
967	& + ( tprecip(ji,jj) - sprecip(ji,jj) ) * ( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rt0 ) * rcp & ! liquid precip at Tair
968	& + sprecip(ji,jj) * ( 1._wp - zsnw(ji,jj) ) * & ! solid precip at min(Tair,Tsnow)
969	& ( ( MIN( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1), rt0_snow ) - rt0 ) * cpic * tmask(ji,jj,1) - lfus )
970	qemp_ice(ji,jj) = sprecip(ji,jj) * zsnw(ji,jj) * & ! solid precip (only)
971	& ( ( MIN( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1), rt0_snow ) - rt0 ) * cpic * tmask(ji,jj,1) - lfus )
972
973	! --- total solar and non solar fluxes --- !
974	qns_tot(ji,jj) = pfrld(ji,jj) * qns_oce(ji,jj) + zqns_ice2d(ji,jj) + qemp_ice(ji,jj) + qemp_oce(ji,jj)
975	qsr_tot(ji,jj) = pfrld(ji,jj) * qsr_oce(ji,jj) + zqsr_ice2d(ji,jj)
976
977	! --- heat content of precip over ice in J/m3 (to be used in 1D-thermo) --- !
978	qprec_ice(ji,jj) = rhosn * ( ( MIN( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1), rt0_snow ) - rt0 ) * cpic * tmask(ji,jj,1) - lfus )
979	END DO
980	END DO
981	!$OMP END DO NOWAIT
982
983	! --- heat content of evap over ice in W/m2 (to be used in 1D-thermo) ---
984	!$OMP DO schedule(static) private(jl,jj,ji)
985	DO jl = 1, jpl
986	DO jj = 1, jpj
987	DO ji = 1, jpi
988	qevap_ice(ji,jj,jl) = 0._wp ! should be -evap_ice(:,:,jl)( ( Tice - rt0 ) cpic * tmask(:,:,1) )
989	! But we do not have Tice => consider it at 0degC => evap=0
990	END DO
991	END DO
992	END DO
993	!$OMP END PARALLEL
994
995	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, zevap, zsnw )
996	#endif
997
998	!--------------------------------------------------------------------
999	! FRACTIONs of net shortwave radiation which is not absorbed in the
1000	! thin surface layer and penetrates inside the ice cover
1001	! ( Maykut and Untersteiner, 1971 ; Ebert and Curry, 1993 )
1002	!
1003	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj,ji)
1004	DO jj = 1, jpj
1005	DO ji = 1, jpi
1006	fr1_i0(ji,jj) = ( 0.18 * ( 1.0 - cldf_ice ) + 0.35 * cldf_ice )
1007	fr2_i0(ji,jj) = ( 0.82 * ( 1.0 - cldf_ice ) + 0.65 * cldf_ice )
1008	END DO
1009	END DO
1010	!
1011	!
1012	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
1013	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=qla_ice , clinfo1=' blk_ice: qla_ice : ', tab3d_2=z_qsb , clinfo2=' z_qsb : ', kdim=jpl)
1014	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_qlw , clinfo1=' blk_ice: z_qlw : ', tab3d_2=dqla_ice, clinfo2=' dqla_ice : ', kdim=jpl)
1015	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_dqsb , clinfo1=' blk_ice: z_dqsb : ', tab3d_2=z_dqlw , clinfo2=' z_dqlw : ', kdim=jpl)
1016	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=dqns_ice, clinfo1=' blk_ice: dqns_ice : ', tab3d_2=qsr_ice , clinfo2=' qsr_ice : ', kdim=jpl)
1017	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=ptsu , clinfo1=' blk_ice: ptsu : ', tab3d_2=qns_ice , clinfo2=' qns_ice : ', kdim=jpl)
1018	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=tprecip , clinfo1=' blk_ice: tprecip : ', tab2d_2=sprecip , clinfo2=' sprecip : ')
1019	ENDIF
1020
1021	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj,jpl, z_qlw, z_qsb, z_dqlw, z_dqsb, zevap_ice3d, zqns_ice3d, zqsr_ice3d )
1022	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, zrhoa )
1023	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, Cd, zevap_ice2d, zqns_ice2d, zqsr_ice2d)
1024	!
1025	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_ice_flx')
1026
1027	END SUBROUTINE blk_ice_flx
1028
1029	#endif
1030
1031	FUNCTION rho_air( ptak, pqa, pslp )
1032	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1033	!! * FUNCTION rho_air *
1034	!!
1035	!! ** Purpose : compute density of (moist) air using the eq. of state of the atmosphere
1036	!!
1037	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
1038	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1039	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: ptak ! air temperature [K]
1040	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pqa ! air specific humidity [kg/kg]
1041	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pslp ! pressure in [Pa]
1042	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: rho_air ! density of moist air [kg/m^3]
1043	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1044	!
1045	rho_air = pslp / ( R_dryptak ( 1._wp + rctv0*pqa ) )
1046	!
1047	END FUNCTION rho_air
1048
1049
1050	FUNCTION cp_air( pqa )
1051	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1052	!! * FUNCTION cp_air *
1053	!!
1054	!! ** Purpose : Compute specific heat (Cp) of moist air
1055	!!
1056	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
1057	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1058	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pqa ! air specific humidity [kg/kg]
1059	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: cp_air ! specific heat of moist air [J/K/kg]
1060	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1061	!
1062	Cp_air = Cp_dry + Cp_vap * pqa
1063	!
1064	END FUNCTION cp_air
1065
1066
1067	FUNCTION q_sat( ptak, pslp )
1068	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1069	!! * FUNCTION q_sat *
1070	!!
1071	!! ** Purpose : Specific humidity at saturation in [kg/kg]
1072	!! Based on accurate estimate of "e_sat"
1073	!! aka saturation water vapor (Goff, 1957)
1074	!!
1075	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
1076	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1077	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: ptak ! air temperature [K]
1078	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pslp ! sea level atmospheric pressure [Pa]
1079	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: q_sat ! Specific humidity at saturation [kg/kg]
1080	!
1081	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
1082	REAL(wp) :: ze_sat, ztmp ! local scalar
1083	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1084	!
1085	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj,ji,ztmp,ze_sat)
1086	DO jj = 1, jpj
1087	DO ji = 1, jpi
1088	!
1089	ztmp = rt0 / ptak(ji,jj)
1090	!
1091	! Vapour pressure at saturation [hPa] : WMO, (Goff, 1957)
1092	ze_sat = 10.*( 10.79574(1. - ztmp) - 5.028*LOG10(ptak(ji,jj)/rt0) &
1093	& + 1.5047510.(-4)(1. - 10.*(-8.2969(ptak(ji,jj)/rt0 - 1.)) ) &
1094	& + 0.4287310.(-3)(10.*(4.76955(1. - ztmp)) - 1.) + 0.78614 )
1095	!
1096	q_sat(ji,jj) = reps0 * ze_sat/( 0.01_wppslp(ji,jj) - (1._wp - reps0)ze_sat ) ! 0.01 because SLP is in [Pa]
1097	!
1098	END DO
1099	END DO
1100	!
1101	END FUNCTION q_sat
1102
1103
1104	FUNCTION gamma_moist( ptak, pqa )
1105	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1106	!! * FUNCTION gamma_moist *
1107	!!
1108	!! ** Purpose : Compute the moist adiabatic lapse-rate.
1109	!! => http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Moist-adiabatic_lapse_rate
1110	!! => http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~joel/g266_s10/lecture_notes/chapt03/oh10_3_01/oh10_3_01.html
1111	!!
1112	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
1113	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1114	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: ptak ! air temperature [K]
1115	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pqa ! specific humidity [kg/kg]
1116	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: gamma_moist ! moist adiabatic lapse-rate
1117	!
1118	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
1119	REAL(wp) :: zrv, ziRT ! local scalar
1120	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1121	!
1122	!$OMP PARALLEL DO schedule(static) private(jj,ji,zrv,ziRT)
1123	DO jj = 1, jpj
1124	DO ji = 1, jpi
1125	zrv = pqa(ji,jj) / (1. - pqa(ji,jj))
1126	ziRT = 1. / (R_dry*ptak(ji,jj)) ! 1/RT
1127	gamma_moist(ji,jj) = grav * ( 1. + cevapzrvziRT ) / ( Cp_dry + cevapcevapzrvreps0ziRT/ptak(ji,jj) )
1128	END DO
1129	END DO
1130	!
1131	END FUNCTION gamma_moist
1132
1133
1134	FUNCTION L_vap( psst )
1135	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1136	!! * FUNCTION L_vap *
1137	!!
1138	!! ** Purpose : Compute the latent heat of vaporization of water from temperature
1139	!!
1140	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
1141	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1142	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: L_vap ! latent heat of vaporization [J/kg]
1143	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: psst ! water temperature [K]
1144	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1145	!
1146	L_vap = ( 2.501 - 0.00237 * ( psst(:,:) - rt0) ) * 1.e6
1147	!
1148	END FUNCTION L_vap
1149
1150
1151	#if defined key_lim3
1152	SUBROUTINE Cdn10_Lupkes2012( Cd )
1153	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
1154	!! * ROUTINE Cdn10_Lupkes2012 *
1155	!!
1156	!! ** Purpose : Recompute the ice-atm drag at 10m height to make
1157	!! it dependent on edges at leads, melt ponds and flows.
1158	!! After some approximations, this can be resumed to a dependency
1159	!! on ice concentration.
1160	!!
1161	!! ** Method : The parameterization is taken from Lupkes et al. (2012) eq.(50)
1162	!! with the highest level of approximation: level4, eq.(59)
1163	!! The generic drag over a cell partly covered by ice can be re-written as follows:
1164	!!
1165	!! Cd = Cdw * (1-A) + Cdi * A + Ce * (1-A)*(nu+1/(10beta)) * A**mu
1166	!!
1167	!! Ce = 2.23e-3 , as suggested by Lupkes (eq. 59)
1168	!! nu = mu = beta = 1 , as suggested by Lupkes (eq. 59)
1169	!! A is the concentration of ice minus melt ponds (if any)
1170	!!
1171	!! This new drag has a parabolic shape (as a function of A) starting at
1172	!! Cdw(say 1.5e-3) for A=0, reaching 1.97e-3 for A~0.5
1173	!! and going down to Cdi(say 1.4e-3) for A=1
1174	!!
1175	!! It is theoretically applicable to all ice conditions (not only MIZ)
1176	!! => see Lupkes et al (2013)
1177	!!
1178	!! ** References : Lupkes et al. JGR 2012 (theory)
1179	!! Lupkes et al. GRL 2013 (application to GCM)
1180	!!
1181	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
1182	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(inout) :: Cd
1183	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: zCe = 2.23e-03_wp
1184	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: znu = 1._wp
1185	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: zmu = 1._wp
1186	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: zbeta = 1._wp
1187	REAL(wp) :: zcoef
1188	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
1189	zcoef = znu + 1._wp / ( 10._wp * zbeta )
1190
1191	! generic drag over a cell partly covered by ice
1192	!!Cd(:,:) = Cd_oce(:,:) * ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) ) + & ! pure ocean drag
1193	!! & Cd_ice * at_i_b(:,:) + & ! pure ice drag
1194	!! & zCe * ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) )*zcoef at_i_b(:,:)**zmu ! change due to sea-ice morphology
1195
1196	! ice-atm drag
1197	Cd(:,:) = Cd_ice + & ! pure ice drag
1198	& zCe * ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) )*zcoef at_i_b(:,:)**(zmu-1._wp) ! change due to sea-ice morphology
1199
1200	END SUBROUTINE Cdn10_Lupkes2012
1201	#endif
1202
1203
1204	!!======================================================================
1205	END MODULE sbcblk

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