Changeset 11263 for NEMO/branches/2019/dev_r10984_HPC-13_IRRMANN_BDY_optimization/doc/latex/NEMO/subfiles/chap_DIU.tex
- Timestamp:
- 2019-07-12T12:47:53+02:00 (5 years ago)
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- NEMO/branches/2019/dev_r10984_HPC-13_IRRMANN_BDY_optimization/doc
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NEMO/branches/2019/dev_r10984_HPC-13_IRRMANN_BDY_optimization/doc/latex/NEMO/subfiles/chap_DIU.tex
r10442 r11263 33 33 (\ie from the temperature of the top few model levels) or from some other source. 34 34 It must be noted that both the cool skin and warm layer models produce estimates of the change in temperature 35 ($\Delta T_{\ rm{cs}}$ and $\Delta T_{\rm{wl}}$) and35 ($\Delta T_{\mathrm{cs}}$ and $\Delta T_{\mathrm{wl}}$) and 36 36 both must be added to a foundation SST to obtain the true skin temperature. 37 37 … … 60 60 %=============================================================== 61 61 62 The warm layer is calculated using the model of \citet{ Takaya_al_JGR10} (TAKAYA10 model hereafter).62 The warm layer is calculated using the model of \citet{takaya.bidlot.ea_JGR10} (TAKAYA10 model hereafter). 63 63 This is a simple flux based model that is defined by the equations 64 64 \begin{align} 65 \frac{\partial{\Delta T_{\ rm{wl}}}}{\partial{t}}&=&\frac{Q(\nu+1)}{D_T\rho_w c_p65 \frac{\partial{\Delta T_{\mathrm{wl}}}}{\partial{t}}&=&\frac{Q(\nu+1)}{D_T\rho_w c_p 66 66 \nu}-\frac{(\nu+1)ku^*_{w}f(L_a)\Delta T}{D_T\Phi\!\left(\frac{D_T}{L}\right)} \mbox{,} 67 67 \label{eq:ecmwf1} \\ 68 68 L&=&\frac{\rho_w c_p u^{*^3}_{w}}{\kappa g \alpha_w Q }\mbox{,}\label{eq:ecmwf2} 69 69 \end{align} 70 where $\Delta T_{\ rm{wl}}$ is the temperature difference between the top of the warm layer and the depth $D_T=3$\,m at which there is assumed to be no diurnal signal.70 where $\Delta T_{\mathrm{wl}}$ is the temperature difference between the top of the warm layer and the depth $D_T=3$\,m at which there is assumed to be no diurnal signal. 71 71 In equation (\autoref{eq:ecmwf1}) $\alpha_w=2\times10^{-4}$ is the thermal expansion coefficient of water, 72 72 $\kappa=0.4$ is von K\'{a}rm\'{a}n's constant, $c_p$ is the heat capacity at constant pressure of sea water, 73 73 $\rho_w$ is the water density, and $L$ is the Monin-Obukhov length. 74 74 The tunable variable $\nu$ is a shape parameter that defines the expected subskin temperature profile via 75 $T(z) = T(0) - \left( \frac{z}{D_T} \right)^\nu \Delta T_{\ rm{wl}}$,75 $T(z) = T(0) - \left( \frac{z}{D_T} \right)^\nu \Delta T_{\mathrm{wl}}$, 76 76 where $T$ is the absolute temperature and $z\le D_T$ is the depth below the top of the warm layer. 77 77 The influence of wind on TAKAYA10 comes through the magnitude of the friction velocity of the water $u^*_{w}$, … … 82 82 the diurnal layer, \ie 83 83 \[ 84 Q = Q_{\ rm{sol}} + Q_{\rm{lw}} + Q_{\rm{h}}\mbox{,}84 Q = Q_{\mathrm{sol}} + Q_{\mathrm{lw}} + Q_{\mathrm{h}}\mbox{,} 85 85 % \label{eq:e_flux_eqn} 86 86 \] 87 where $Q_{\ rm{h}}$ is the sensible and latent heat flux, $Q_{\rm{lw}}$ is the long wave flux,88 and $Q_{\ rm{sol}}$ is the solar flux absorbed within the diurnal warm layer.89 For $Q_{\ rm{sol}}$ the 9 term representation of \citet{Gentemann_al_JGR09} is used.87 where $Q_{\mathrm{h}}$ is the sensible and latent heat flux, $Q_{\mathrm{lw}}$ is the long wave flux, 88 and $Q_{\mathrm{sol}}$ is the solar flux absorbed within the diurnal warm layer. 89 For $Q_{\mathrm{sol}}$ the 9 term representation of \citet{gentemann.minnett.ea_JGR09} is used. 90 90 In equation \autoref{eq:ecmwf1} the function $f(L_a)=\max(1,L_a^{\frac{2}{3}})$, 91 91 where $L_a=0.3$\footnote{ … … 118 118 %=============================================================== 119 119 120 The cool skin is modelled using the framework of \citet{ Saunders_JAS82} who used a formulation of the near surface temperature difference based upon the heat flux and the friction velocity $u^*_{w}$.121 As the cool skin is so thin (~1\,mm) we ignore the solar flux component to the heat flux and the Saunders equation for the cool skin temperature difference $\Delta T_{\ rm{cs}}$ becomes120 The cool skin is modelled using the framework of \citet{saunders_JAS67} who used a formulation of the near surface temperature difference based upon the heat flux and the friction velocity $u^*_{w}$. 121 As the cool skin is so thin (~1\,mm) we ignore the solar flux component to the heat flux and the Saunders equation for the cool skin temperature difference $\Delta T_{\mathrm{cs}}$ becomes 122 122 \[ 123 123 % \label{eq:sunders_eqn} 124 \Delta T_{\ rm{cs}}=\frac{Q_{\rm{ns}}\delta}{k_t} \mbox{,}124 \Delta T_{\mathrm{cs}}=\frac{Q_{\mathrm{ns}}\delta}{k_t} \mbox{,} 125 125 \] 126 where $Q_{\ rm{ns}}$ is the, usually negative, non-solar heat flux into the ocean and126 where $Q_{\mathrm{ns}}$ is the, usually negative, non-solar heat flux into the ocean and 127 127 $k_t$ is the thermal conductivity of sea water. 128 128 $\delta$ is the thickness of the skin layer and is given by … … 132 132 \end{equation} 133 133 where $\mu$ is the kinematic viscosity of sea water and $\lambda$ is a constant of proportionality which 134 \citet{ Saunders_JAS82} suggested varied between 5 and 10.134 \citet{saunders_JAS67} suggested varied between 5 and 10. 135 135 136 The value of $\lambda$ used in equation (\autoref{eq:sunders_thick_eqn}) is that of \citet{ Artale_al_JGR02},137 which is shown in \citet{ Tu_Tsuang_GRL05} to outperform a number of other parametrisations at136 The value of $\lambda$ used in equation (\autoref{eq:sunders_thick_eqn}) is that of \citet{artale.iudicone.ea_JGR02}, 137 which is shown in \citet{tu.tsuang_GRL05} to outperform a number of other parametrisations at 138 138 both low and high wind speeds. 139 139 Specifically,
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