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NEMO/branches/2019/ENHANCE-02_ISF_nemo/doc/latex/NEMO/subfiles/chap_misc.tex
r11179 r12143 2 2 3 3 \begin{document} 4 % ================================================================ 5 % Chapter --- Miscellaneous Topics 6 % ================================================================ 4 7 5 \chapter{Miscellaneous Topics} 8 6 \label{chap:MISC} 9 7 10 \minitoc 11 12 \newpage 13 14 % ================================================================ 15 % Representation of Unresolved Straits 16 % ================================================================ 8 \thispagestyle{plain} 9 10 \chaptertoc 11 12 \paragraph{Changes record} ~\\ 13 14 {\footnotesize 15 \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{l||X|X} 16 Release & Author(s) & Modifications \\ 17 \hline 18 {\em 4.0} & {\em ...} & {\em ...} \\ 19 {\em 3.6} & {\em ...} & {\em ...} \\ 20 {\em 3.4} & {\em ...} & {\em ...} \\ 21 {\em <=3.4} & {\em ...} & {\em ...} 22 \end{tabularx} 23 } 24 25 \clearpage 26 27 %% ================================================================================================= 17 28 \section{Representation of unresolved straits} 18 29 \label{sec:MISC_strait} … … 27 38 balance the net evaporation occurring over the Mediterranean region. 28 39 This problem occurs even in eddy permitting simulations. 29 For example, in ORCA 1/4\deg several straits of the Indonesian archipelago (Ombai, Lombok...)40 For example, in ORCA 1/4\deg\ several straits of the Indonesian archipelago (Ombai, Lombok...) 30 41 are much narrow than even a single ocean grid-point. 31 42 32 We describe briefly here the three methods that can be used in \NEMO to handle such improperly resolved straits. 33 The first two consist of opening the strait by hand while ensuring that the mass exchanges through 34 the strait are not too large by either artificially reducing the surface of the strait grid-cells or, 35 locally increasing the lateral friction. 36 In the third one, the strait is closed but exchanges of mass, heat and salt across the land are allowed. 37 Note that such modifications are so specific to a given configuration that no attempt has been made to 38 set them in a generic way. 39 However, examples of how they can be set up is given in the ORCA 2\deg and 0.5\deg configurations. 40 For example, for details of implementation in ORCA2, search: \texttt{IF( cp\_cfg == "orca" .AND. jp\_cfg == 2 )} 41 42 % ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43 % Hand made geometry changes 44 % ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43 We describe briefly here the two methods that can be used in \NEMO\ to handle such 44 improperly resolved straits. The methods consist of opening the strait while ensuring 45 that the mass exchanges through the strait are not too large by either artificially 46 reducing the cross-sectional area of the strait grid-cells or, locally increasing the 47 lateral friction. 48 49 %% ================================================================================================= 45 50 \subsection{Hand made geometry changes} 46 51 \label{subsec:MISC_strait_hand} 47 52 48 $\bullet$ reduced scale factor in the cross-strait direction to a value in better agreement with 49 the true mean width of the strait (\autoref{fig:MISC_strait_hand}). 50 This technique is sometime called "partially open face" or "partially closed cells". 51 The key issue here is only to reduce the faces of $T$-cell 52 (\ie change the value of the horizontal scale factors at $u$- or $v$-point) but not the volume of the $T$-cell. 53 Indeed, reducing the volume of strait $T$-cell can easily produce a numerical instability at 54 that grid point that would require a reduction of the model time step. 55 The changes associated with strait management are done in \mdl{domhgr}, 56 just after the definition or reading of the horizontal scale factors. 57 58 $\bullet$ increase of the viscous boundary layer thickness by local increase of the fmask value at the coast 59 (\autoref{fig:MISC_strait_hand}). 60 This is done in \mdl{dommsk} together with the setting of the coastal value of fmask (see \autoref{sec:LBC_coast}). 61 62 %>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 53 The first method involves reducing the scale factor in the cross-strait direction to a 54 value in better agreement with the true mean width of the strait 55 (\autoref{fig:MISC_strait_hand}). This technique is sometime called "partially open face" 56 or "partially closed cells". The key issue here is only to reduce the faces of $T$-cell 57 (\ie\ change the value of the horizontal scale factors at $u$- or $v$-point) but not the 58 volume of the $T$-cell. Indeed, reducing the volume of strait $T$-cell can easily produce 59 a numerical instability at that grid point which would require a reduction of the model 60 time step. Thus to instigate a local change in the width of a Strait requires two steps: 61 62 \begin{itemize} 63 64 \item Add \texttt{e1e2u} and \texttt{e1e2v} arrays to the \np{cn_domcfg}{cn\_domcfg} file. These 2D 65 arrays should contain the products of the unaltered values of: $\texttt{e1u}*\texttt{e2u}$ 66 and $\texttt{e1u}*\texttt{e2v}$ respectively. That is the original surface areas of $u$- 67 and $v$- cells respectively. These areas are usually defined by the corresponding product 68 within the \NEMO\ code but the presence of \texttt{e1e2u} and \texttt{e1e2v} in the 69 \np{cn_domcfg}{cn\_domcfg} file will suppress this calculation and use the supplied fields instead. 70 If the model domain is provided by user-supplied code in \mdl{usrdef\_hgr}, then this 71 routine should also return \texttt{e1e2u} and \texttt{e1e2v} and set the integer return 72 argument \texttt{ie1e2u\_v} to a non-zero value. Values other than 0 for this argument 73 will suppress the calculation of the areas. 74 75 \item Change values of \texttt{e2u} or \texttt{e1v} (either in the \np{cn_domcfg}{cn\_domcfg} file or 76 via code in \mdl{usrdef\_hgr}), whereever a Strait reduction is required. The choice of 77 whether to alter \texttt{e2u} or \texttt{e1v} depends. respectively, on whether the 78 Strait in question is North-South orientated (\eg\ Gibraltar) or East-West orientated (\eg 79 Lombok). 80 81 \end{itemize} 82 83 The second method is to increase the viscous boundary layer thickness by a local increase 84 of the fmask value at the coast. This method can also be effective in wider passages. The 85 concept is illustarted in the second part of \autoref{fig:MISC_strait_hand} and changes 86 to specific locations can be coded in \mdl{usrdef\_fmask}. The \forcode{usr_def_fmask} 87 routine is always called after \texttt{fmask} has been defined according to the choice of 88 lateral boundary condition as discussed in \autoref{sec:LBC_coast}. The default version of 89 \mdl{usrdef\_fmask} contains settings specific to ORCA2 and ORCA1 configurations. These are 90 meant as examples only; it is up to the user to verify settings and provide alternatives 91 for their own configurations. The default \forcode{usr_def_fmask} makes no changes to 92 \texttt{fmask} for any other configuration. 93 63 94 \begin{figure}[!tbp] 64 \begin{center} 65 \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Fig_Gibraltar} 66 \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Fig_Gibraltar2} 67 \caption{ 68 \protect\label{fig:MISC_strait_hand} 69 Example of the Gibraltar strait defined in a $1^{\circ} \times 1^{\circ}$ mesh. 70 \textit{Top}: using partially open cells. 71 The meridional scale factor at $v$-point is reduced on both sides of the strait to account for 72 the real width of the strait (about 20 km). 73 Note that the scale factors of the strait $T$-point remains unchanged. 74 \textit{Bottom}: using viscous boundary layers. 75 The four fmask parameters along the strait coastlines are set to a value larger than 4, 76 \ie "strong" no-slip case (see \autoref{fig:LBC_shlat}) creating a large viscous boundary layer that 77 allows a reduced transport through the strait. 78 } 79 \end{center} 95 \centering 96 \includegraphics[width=0.66\textwidth]{MISC_Gibraltar} 97 \includegraphics[width=0.66\textwidth]{MISC_Gibraltar2} 98 \caption[Two methods to defined the Gibraltar strait]{ 99 Example of the Gibraltar strait defined in a 1\deg\ $\times$ 1\deg\ mesh. 100 \textit{Top}: using partially open cells. 101 The meridional scale factor at $v$-point is reduced on both sides of the strait to 102 account for the real width of the strait (about 20 km). 103 Note that the scale factors of the strait $T$-point remains unchanged. 104 \textit{Bottom}: using viscous boundary layers. 105 The four fmask parameters along the strait coastlines are set to a value larger than 4, 106 \ie\ "strong" no-slip case (see \autoref{fig:LBC_shlat}) creating a large viscous boundary layer 107 that allows a reduced transport through the strait.} 108 \label{fig:MISC_strait_hand} 80 109 \end{figure} 81 %>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 82 83 %>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 110 84 111 \begin{figure}[!tbp] 85 \begin{center} 86 \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Fig_closea_mask_example} 87 \caption{ 88 \protect\label{fig:closea_mask_example} 89 Example of mask fields for the closea module. \textit{Left}: a 90 closea\_mask field; \textit{Right}: a closea\_mask\_rnf 91 field. In this example, if ln\_closea is set to .true., the mean 92 freshwater flux over each of the American Great Lakes will be 93 set to zero, and the total residual for all the lakes, if 94 negative, will be put into the St Laurence Seaway in the area 95 shown. 96 } 97 \end{center} 112 \centering 113 \includegraphics[width=0.66\textwidth]{MISC_closea_mask_example} 114 \caption[Mask fields for the \protect\mdl{closea} module]{ 115 Example of mask fields for the \protect\mdl{closea} module. 116 \textit{Left}: a closea\_mask field; 117 \textit{Right}: a closea\_mask\_rnf field. 118 In this example, if \protect\np{ln_closea}{ln\_closea} is set to \forcode{.true.}, 119 the mean freshwater flux over each of the American Great Lakes will be set to zero, 120 and the total residual for all the lakes, if negative, will be put into 121 the St Laurence Seaway in the area shown.} 122 \label{fig:MISC_closea_mask_example} 98 123 \end{figure} 99 %>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 100 101 % ================================================================ 102 % Closed seas 103 % ================================================================ 104 \section[Closed seas (\textit{closea.F90})] 105 {Closed seas (\protect\mdl{closea})} 124 125 %% ================================================================================================= 126 \section[Closed seas (\textit{closea.F90})]{Closed seas (\protect\mdl{closea})} 106 127 \label{sec:MISC_closea} 107 128 … … 117 138 to zero and put the residual flux into the ocean. 118 139 119 Prior to NEMO4 the locations of inland seas and lakes was set via120 hardcoded indices for various ORCA configurations. From NEMO4 onwards140 Prior to \NEMO\ 4 the locations of inland seas and lakes was set via 141 hardcoded indices for various ORCA configurations. From \NEMO\ 4 onwards 121 142 the inland seas and lakes are defined using mask fields in the 122 143 domain configuration file. The options are as follows. 123 144 124 145 \begin{enumerate} 125 \item {{\bfseries No ``closea\_mask'' field is included in domain configuration146 \item {{\bfseries No ``closea\_mask'' field is included in domain configuration 126 147 file.} In this case the closea module does nothing.} 127 148 128 \item {{\bfseries A field called closea\_mask is included in the domain149 \item {{\bfseries A field called closea\_mask is included in the domain 129 150 configuration file and ln\_closea=.false. in namelist namcfg.} In this 130 151 case the inland seas defined by the closea\_mask field are filled in … … 132 153 closea\_mask that is nonzero is set to be a land point.} 133 154 134 \item {{\bfseries A field called closea\_mask is included in the domain155 \item {{\bfseries A field called closea\_mask is included in the domain 135 156 configuration file and ln\_closea=.true. in namelist namcfg.} Each 136 157 inland sea or group of inland seas is set to a positive integer value 137 in the closea\_mask field (see Figure \ref{fig:closea_mask_example}158 in the closea\_mask field (see \autoref{fig:MISC_closea_mask_example} 138 159 for an example). The net surface flux over each inland sea or group of 139 160 inland seas is set to zero each timestep and the residual flux is … … 141 162 closea\_mask is zero).} 142 163 143 \item {{\bfseries Fields called closea\_mask and closea\_mask\_rnf are164 \item {{\bfseries Fields called closea\_mask and closea\_mask\_rnf are 144 165 included in the domain configuration file and ln\_closea=.true. in 145 166 namelist namcfg.} This option works as for option 3, except that if … … 150 171 by the closea\_mask\_rnf field. Each mapping is defined by a positive 151 172 integer value for the inland sea(s) and the corresponding runoff 152 points. An example is given in Figure153 \ ref{fig:closea_mask_example}. If no mapping is provided for a173 points. An example is given in 174 \autoref{fig:MISC_closea_mask_example}. If no mapping is provided for a 154 175 particular inland sea then the residual is spread over the global 155 176 ocean.} 156 177 157 \item {{\bfseries Fields called closea\_mask and closea\_mask\_emp are178 \item {{\bfseries Fields called closea\_mask and closea\_mask\_emp are 158 179 included in the domain configuration file and ln\_closea=.true. in 159 180 namelist namcfg.} This option works the same as option 4 except that … … 165 186 166 187 There is a python routine to create the closea\_mask fields and append 167 them to the domain configuration file in the utils/tools/DOMAINcfg directory. 168 169 % ================================================================ 170 % Sub-Domain Functionality 171 % ================================================================ 188 them to the domain configuration file in the utils/tools/DOMAINcfg directory. 189 190 %% ================================================================================================= 172 191 \section{Sub-domain functionality} 173 192 \label{sec:MISC_zoom} 174 193 194 %% ================================================================================================= 175 195 \subsection{Simple subsetting of input files via NetCDF attributes} 176 196 177 The extended grids for use with the under-shelf ice cavities will result in redundant rows around Antarctica if 178 the ice cavities are not active. 179 A simple mechanism for subsetting input files associated with the extended domains has been implemented to 180 avoid the need to maintain different sets of input fields for use with or without active ice cavities. 181 The existing 'zoom' options are overly complex for this task and marked for deletion anyway. 182 This alternative subsetting operates for the j-direction only and works by optionally looking for and 183 using a global file attribute (named: \np{open\_ocean\_jstart}) to determine the starting j-row for input. 184 The use of this option is best explained with an example: 185 consider an ORCA1 configuration using the extended grid bathymetry and coordinate files: 186 \vspace{-10pt} 187 \ifile{eORCA1\_bathymetry\_v2} 188 \ifile{eORCA1\_coordinates} 189 \noindent These files define a horizontal domain of 362x332. 190 Assuming the first row with open ocean wet points in the non-isf bathymetry for this set is row 42 191 (\fortran indexing) then the formally correct setting for \np{open\_ocean\_jstart} is 41. 192 Using this value as the first row to be read will result in a 362x292 domain which is the same size as 193 the original ORCA1 domain. 194 Thus the extended coordinates and bathymetry files can be used with all the original input files for ORCA1 if 195 the ice cavities are not active (\np{ln\_isfcav = .false.}). 196 Full instructions for achieving this are: 197 198 \noindent Add the new attribute to any input files requiring a j-row offset, i.e: 199 \vspace{-10pt} 197 The extended grids for use with the under-shelf ice cavities will result in redundant rows 198 around Antarctica if the ice cavities are not active. A simple mechanism for subsetting 199 input files associated with the extended domains has been implemented to avoid the need to 200 maintain different sets of input fields for use with or without active ice cavities. This 201 subsetting operates for the j-direction only and works by optionally looking for and using 202 a global file attribute (named: \np{open_ocean_jstart}{open\_ocean\_jstart}) to determine the starting j-row 203 for input. The use of this option is best explained with an example: 204 \medskip 205 206 \noindent Consider an ORCA1 207 configuration using the extended grid domain configuration file: \ifile{eORCA1\_domcfg.nc} 208 This file define a horizontal domain of 362x332. The first row with 209 open ocean wet points in the non-isf bathymetry for this set is row 42 (\fortran\ indexing) 210 then the formally correct setting for \np{open_ocean_jstart}{open\_ocean\_jstart} is 41. Using this value as 211 the first row to be read will result in a 362x292 domain which is the same size as the 212 original ORCA1 domain. Thus the extended domain configuration file can be used with all 213 the original input files for ORCA1 if the ice cavities are not active (\np{ln\_isfcav = 214 .false.}). Full instructions for achieving this are: 215 216 \begin{itemize} 217 \item Add the new attribute to any input files requiring a j-row offset, i.e: 200 218 \begin{cmds} 201 ncatted -a open_ocean_jstart,global,a,d,41 eORCA1_coordinates.nc 202 ncatted -a open_ocean_jstart,global,a,d,41 eORCA1_bathymetry_v2.nc 219 ncatted -a open_ocean_jstart,global,a,d,41 eORCA1_domcfg.nc 203 220 \end{cmds} 204 205 \noindent Add the logical switch to \ngn{namcfg} in the configuration namelist and set true: 206 %--------------------------------------------namcfg-------------------------------------------------------- 207 208 \nlst{namcfg} 209 %-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 210 211 \noindent Note the j-size of the global domain is the (extended j-size minus \np{open\_ocean\_jstart} + 1 ) and 212 this must match the size of all datasets other than bathymetry and coordinates currently. 213 However the option can be extended to any global, 2D and 3D, netcdf, input field by adding the: 214 \vspace{-10pt} 221 222 \item Add the logical switch \np{ln_use_jattr}{ln\_use\_jattr} to \nam{cfg}{cfg} in the configuration 223 namelist (if it is not already there) and set \forcode{.true.} 224 \end{itemize} 225 226 \noindent Note that with this option, the j-size of the global domain is (extended 227 j-size minus \np{open_ocean_jstart}{open\_ocean\_jstart} + 1 ) and this must match the \texttt{jpjglo} value 228 for the configuration. This means an alternative version of \ifile{eORCA1\_domcfg.nc} must 229 be created for when \np{ln_use_jattr}{ln\_use\_jattr} is active. The \texttt{ncap2} tool provides a 230 convenient way of achieving this: 231 232 \begin{cmds} 233 ncap2 -s 'jpjglo=292' eORCA1_domcfg.nc nORCA1_domcfg.nc 234 \end{cmds} 235 236 The domain configuration file is unique in this respect since it also contains the value of \jp{jpjglo} 237 that is read and used by the model. 238 Any other global, 2D and 3D, netcdf, input field can be prepared for use in a reduced domain by adding the 239 \texttt{open\_ocean\_jstart} attribute to the file's global attributes. 240 In particular this is true for any field that is read by \NEMO\ using the following optional argument to 241 the appropriate call to \np{iom_get}{iom\_get}. 242 215 243 \begin{forlines} 216 244 lrowattr=ln_use_jattr 217 245 \end{forlines} 218 optional argument to the appropriate \np{iom\_get} call and the \np{open\_ocean\_jstart} attribute to 219 the corresponding input files. 220 It remains the users responsibility to set \np{jpjdta} and \np{jpjglo} values in 221 the \np{namelist\_cfg} file according to their needs. 222 223 %>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 224 \begin{figure}[!ht] 225 \begin{center} 226 \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Fig_LBC_zoom} 227 \caption{ 228 \protect\label{fig:LBC_zoom} 229 Position of a model domain compared to the data input domain when the zoom functionality is used. 230 } 231 \end{center} 232 \end{figure} 233 %>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 234 235 236 % ================================================================ 237 % Accuracy and Reproducibility 238 % ================================================================ 239 \section[Accuracy and reproducibility (\textit{lib\_fortran.F90})] 240 {Accuracy and reproducibility (\protect\mdl{lib\_fortran})} 246 247 Currently, only the domain configuration variables make use of this optional argument so 248 this facility is of little practical use except for tests where no other external input 249 files are needed or you wish to use an extended domain configuration with inputs from 250 earlier, non-extended configurations. Alternatively, it should be possible to exclude 251 empty rows for extended domain, forced ocean runs using interpolation on the fly, by 252 adding the optional argument to \texttt{iom\_get} calls for the weights and initial 253 conditions. Experimenting with this remains an exercise for the user. 254 255 %% ================================================================================================= 256 \section[Accuracy and reproducibility (\textit{lib\_fortran.F90})]{Accuracy and reproducibility (\protect\mdl{lib\_fortran})} 241 257 \label{sec:MISC_fortran} 242 258 243 \subsection[Issues with intrinsinc SIGN function (\texttt{\textbf{key\_nosignedzero}})] 244 {Issues with intrinsinc SIGN function (\protect\key{nosignedzero})}259 %% ================================================================================================= 260 \subsection[Issues with intrinsinc SIGN function (\texttt{\textbf{key\_nosignedzero}})]{Issues with intrinsinc SIGN function (\protect\key{nosignedzero})} 245 261 \label{subsec:MISC_sign} 246 262 247 The SIGN(A, B) is the \fortran intrinsic function delivers the magnitude of A with the sign of B.263 The SIGN(A, B) is the \fortran\ intrinsic function delivers the magnitude of A with the sign of B. 248 264 For example, SIGN(-3.0,2.0) has the value 3.0. 249 265 The problematic case is when the second argument is zero, because, on platforms that support IEEE arithmetic, … … 257 273 and the processor is capable of distinguishing between positive and negative zero, 258 274 and B is negative real zero. 259 Then SIGN delivers a negative result where, under \fninety rules, it used to return a positive result.275 Then SIGN delivers a negative result where, under \fninety\ rules, it used to return a positive result. 260 276 This change may be especially sensitive for the ice model, 261 277 so we overwrite the intrinsinc function with our own function simply performing : \\ … … 267 283 some computers/compilers. 268 284 269 285 %% ================================================================================================= 270 286 \subsection{MPP reproducibility} 271 287 \label{subsec:MISC_glosum} 272 288 273 289 The numerical reproducibility of simulations on distributed memory parallel computers is a critical issue. 274 In particular, within NEMOglobal summation of distributed arrays is most susceptible to rounding errors,290 In particular, within \NEMO\ global summation of distributed arrays is most susceptible to rounding errors, 275 291 and their propagation and accumulation cause uncertainty in final simulation reproducibility on 276 292 different numbers of processors. 277 293 To avoid so, based on \citet{he.ding_JS01} review of different technics, 278 294 we use a so called self-compensated summation method. 279 The idea is to estimate the roundoff error, store it in a buffer, and then add it back in the next addition. 295 The idea is to estimate the roundoff error, store it in a buffer, and then add it back in the next addition. 280 296 281 297 Suppose we need to calculate $b = a_1 + a_2 + a_3$. … … 295 311 The self-compensated summation method should be used in all summation in i- and/or j-direction. 296 312 See \mdl{closea} module for an example. 297 Note also that this implementation may be sensitive to the optimization level. 298 313 Note also that this implementation may be sensitive to the optimization level. 314 315 %% ================================================================================================= 299 316 \subsection{MPP scalability} 300 317 \label{subsec:MISC_mppsca} … … 316 333 be set at all the locations actually required by each individual for the fold operation. 317 334 This alternative method should give identical results to the default \textsc{ALLGATHER} method and 318 is recommended for large values of \np{jpni} .319 The new method is activated by setting \np{ln \_nnogather} to be true (\ngn{nammpp}).335 is recommended for large values of \np{jpni}{jpni}. 336 The new method is activated by setting \np{ln_nnogather}{ln\_nnogather} to be true (\nam{mpp}{mpp}). 320 337 The reproducibility of results using the two methods should be confirmed for each new, 321 338 non-reference configuration. 322 339 323 % ================================================================ 324 % Model optimisation, Control Print and Benchmark 325 % ================================================================ 340 %% ================================================================================================= 326 341 \section{Model optimisation, control print and benchmark} 327 342 \label{sec:MISC_opt} 328 %--------------------------------------------namctl------------------------------------------------------- 329 330 \nlst{namctl} 331 %-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 332 333 Options are defined through the \ngn{namctl} namelist variables. 334 343 344 \begin{listing} 345 \nlst{namctl} 346 \caption{\forcode{&namctl}} 347 \label{lst:namctl} 348 \end{listing} 349 350 Options are defined through the \nam{ctl}{ctl} namelist variables. 351 352 %% ================================================================================================= 335 353 \subsection{Vector optimisation} 336 354 … … 338 356 This is very a very efficient way to increase the length of vector calculations and thus 339 357 to speed up the model on vector computers. 340 358 341 359 % Add here also one word on NPROMA technique that has been found useless, since compiler have made significant progress during the last decade. 342 360 343 361 % Add also one word on NEC specific optimisation (Novercheck option for example) 344 362 363 %% ================================================================================================= 345 364 \subsection{Control print} 346 365 347 The \np{ln \_ctl} switch was originally used as a debugging option in two modes:366 The \np{ln_ctl}{ln\_ctl} switch was originally used as a debugging option in two modes: 348 367 349 368 \begin{enumerate} 350 \item {\np{ln\_ctl}: compute and print the trends averaged over the interior domain in all TRA, DYN, LDF and369 \item {\np{ln_ctl}{ln\_ctl}: compute and print the trends averaged over the interior domain in all TRA, DYN, LDF and 351 370 ZDF modules. 352 371 This option is very helpful when diagnosing the origin of an undesired change in model results. } 353 372 354 \item {also \np{ln\_ctl} but using the nictl and njctl namelist parameters to check the source of differences between373 \item {also \np{ln_ctl}{ln\_ctl} but using the nictl and njctl namelist parameters to check the source of differences between 355 374 mono and multi processor runs.} 356 375 \end{enumerate} 357 376 358 377 However, in recent versions it has also been used to force all processors to assume the 359 reporting role. Thus when \np{ln \_ctl} is true all processors produce their own versions378 reporting role. Thus when \np{ln_ctl}{ln\_ctl} is true all processors produce their own versions 360 379 of files such as: ocean.output, layout.dat, etc. All such files, beyond the the normal 361 380 reporting processor (narea == 1), are named with a \_XXXX extension to their name, where … … 363 382 such as run.stat (and its netCDF counterpart: run.stat.nc) and tracer.stat contain global 364 383 information and are only ever produced by the reporting master (narea == 1). For version 365 4.0 a start has been made to return \np{ln \_ctl} to its original function by introducing384 4.0 a start has been made to return \np{ln_ctl}{ln\_ctl} to its original function by introducing 366 385 a new control structure which allows finer control over which files are produced. This 367 386 feature is still evolving but it does already allow the user to: select individually the … … 389 408 at a suitably long interval. For example: 390 409 391 \begin{verbatim} 410 \begin{verbatim} 392 411 sn_cfctl%ptimincr = 25 393 412 \end{verbatim} 394 413 395 will carry out the global communications and write the information every 25 timesteps. This 414 will carry out the global communications and write the information every 25 timesteps. This 396 415 increment also applies to the time.step file which is otherwise updated every timestep. 397 416 398 % ================================================================ 399 \biblio 400 401 \pindex 417 \subinc{\input{../../global/epilogue}} 402 418 403 419 \end{document}
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