Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/GYRE/EXP00/namelist
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/GYRE/EXP00/namelist	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/GYRE/EXP00/namelist	(revision 2205)
@@ -401,4 +401,5 @@
    ln_traldf_hor    =  .false.  !     horizontal (geopotential)         (require "key_ldfslp" when ln_sco=T)
    ln_traldf_iso    =  .true.   !     iso-neutral                       (require "key_ldfslp")
+   ln_traldf_grif   =  .false.  !     griffies skew flux formulation    (require "key_ldfslp")
                            !  Coefficient
    rn_aht_0         =  1000.    !     horizontal eddy diffusivity for tracers [m2/s]
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/GYRE_LOBSTER/EXP00/namelist
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/GYRE_LOBSTER/EXP00/namelist	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/GYRE_LOBSTER/EXP00/namelist	(revision 2205)
@@ -401,4 +401,5 @@
    ln_traldf_hor    =  .false.  !     horizontal (geopotential)         (require "key_ldfslp" when ln_sco=T)
    ln_traldf_iso    =  .true.   !     iso-neutral                       (require "key_ldfslp")
+   ln_traldf_grif   =  .false.  !     griffies skew flux formulation    (require "key_ldfslp")
                            !  Coefficient
    rn_aht_0         =  1000.    !     horizontal eddy diffusivity for tracers [m2/s]
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/ORCA2_LIM/EXP00/namelist
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/ORCA2_LIM/EXP00/namelist	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/ORCA2_LIM/EXP00/namelist	(revision 2205)
@@ -428,4 +428,5 @@
    ln_traldf_hor    =  .false.  !     horizontal (geopotential)         (require "key_ldfslp" when ln_sco=T)
    ln_traldf_iso    =  .true.   !     iso-neutral                       (require "key_ldfslp")
+   ln_traldf_grif   =  .false.  !     griffies skew flux formulation    (require "key_ldfslp")
                            !  Coefficient
    rn_aht_0         =  2000.    !     horizontal eddy diffusivity for tracers [m2/s]
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/ORCA2_LIM_PISCES/EXP00/namelist
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/ORCA2_LIM_PISCES/EXP00/namelist	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/ORCA2_LIM_PISCES/EXP00/namelist	(revision 2205)
@@ -428,4 +428,5 @@
    ln_traldf_hor    =  .false.  !     horizontal (geopotential)         (require "key_ldfslp" when ln_sco=T)
    ln_traldf_iso    =  .true.   !     iso-neutral                       (require "key_ldfslp")
+   ln_traldf_grif   =  .false.  !     griffies skew flux formulation    (require "key_ldfslp")
                            !  Coefficient
    rn_aht_0         =  2000.    !     horizontal eddy diffusivity for tracers [m2/s]
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/ORCA2_OFF_PISCES/EXP00/namelist
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/ORCA2_OFF_PISCES/EXP00/namelist	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/ORCA2_OFF_PISCES/EXP00/namelist	(revision 2205)
@@ -91,4 +91,5 @@
    ln_traldf_hor    =  .false.  !     horizontal (geopotential)         (require "key_ldfslp" when ln_sco=T)
    ln_traldf_iso    =  .true.   !     iso-neutral                       (require "key_ldfslp")
+   ln_traldf_grif   =  .false.  !     griffies skew flux formulation    (require "key_ldfslp")
 !                               !  Coefficient
    aht0        =  2000.         !     horizontal eddy diffusivity for tracers [m2/s]
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/POMME/EXP00/namelist
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/POMME/EXP00/namelist	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/CONFIG/POMME/EXP00/namelist	(revision 2205)
@@ -426,4 +426,5 @@
    ln_traldf_hor    =  .false.  !     horizontal (geopotential)         (require "key_ldfslp" when ln_sco=T)
    ln_traldf_iso    =  .true.   !     iso-neutral                       (require "key_ldfslp")
+   ln_traldf_grif   =  .false.  !     griffies skew flux formulation    (require "key_ldfslp")
                            !  Coefficient
    rn_aht_0         =   300.    !     horizontal eddy diffusivity for tracers [m2/s]
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/NEMO_book.tex
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/NEMO_book.tex	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/NEMO_book.tex	(revision 2205)
@@ -21,4 +21,17 @@
 %hyperref  ===>>>  don't work.....
 %\usepackage[a4paper=true,ps2pdf=true,pagebackref=true,breaklinks=true]{hyperref}
+\usepackage[%
+  pdftitle={NEMO ocean engine},%
+  pdfauthor={Gurvan Madec},% pdfsubject={The preprint document class
+                           % elsart},% pdfkeywords={diapycnal diffusion,numerical mixing,z-level models},%
+  pdfstartview=FitH,%
+  bookmarks=true,%
+  bookmarksopen=true,%
+  breaklinks=true,%
+  colorlinks=true,%
+  linkcolor=blue,anchorcolor=blue,%
+  citecolor=blue,filecolor=blue,%
+  menucolor=blue,pagecolor=blue,%
+  urlcolor=blue]{hyperref}
 
 %\usepackage{amssymb}
@@ -58,9 +71,7 @@
 %\usepackage{mtcoff}				% invalidate the use of minitocs
 \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
-\usepackage{graphics}				% allows insertion of pictures
 \usepackage{times}					% use vector fonts instead of bitmap
 \usepackage{fancybox}
-\usepackage{color}
-\usepackage{colortbl}
+\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
 
 %%%% add by Word2Tex
@@ -81,5 +92,4 @@
 
 %%%% define the style of title for chapter  %%%
-\usepackage{pstricks}
 \makeatletter
 \def\LigneVerticale{\vrule height 5cm depth 2cm\hspace{0.1cm}\relax}
@@ -88,9 +98,9 @@
 \def\GrosCarreAvecUnChiffre#1{%
   \rlap{\vrule height 0.8cm width 1cm depth 0.2cm}%
-  \rlap{\hbox to 1cm{\hss\mbox{\white #1}\hss}}%
+  \rlap{\hbox to 1cm{\hss\mbox{\textcolor{white} {#1}}\hss}}%
   \vrule height 0pt width 1cm depth 0pt}
 \def\GrosCarreAvecTroisChiffre#1{%
   \rlap{\vrule height 0.8cm width 1.6cm depth 0.2cm}%
-  \rlap{\hbox to 1.5cm{\hss\mbox{\white #1}\hss}}%
+  \rlap{\hbox to 1.5cm{\hss\mbox{\textcolor{white} {#1}}\hss}}%
   \vrule height 0pt width 1cm depth 0pt}
 
@@ -117,5 +127,8 @@
 
 %%% eqution shortcut:
-\newcommand{\vect} [1] { \rm{\textbf{#1}} }    % vector style: non-italic bold
+\newcommand{\vect} [1] { \rm{\textbf{#1}} }    % vector style:
+                                % non-italic bold
+%% agn use maths shortcuts
+\usepackage{math_abbrev}
 
 %%% essai commande
@@ -136,8 +149,6 @@
 
 %--------------------------------------------namlist---------------------------------------------------------
-\newcommand{\namdisplay} [1] { 
-	\begin{alltt}  {{\tiny \verbatiminput{./TexFiles/Namelist/#1}}}  \end{alltt} 
-                               \vspace{-10pt}	}
-%--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\newcommand{\namdisplay} [1] {\begin{alltt}  {{\tiny \verbatiminput{./TexFiles/Namelist/#1}}}  \end{alltt}  \vspace{-10pt}	}
+%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 %Red (NR) or Yellow(WARN)
@@ -165,13 +176,13 @@
 
 \title{ 
-\includegraphics[width=0.2\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/logo_CNRS.pdf} 
+\includegraphics[width=0.2\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/logo_CNRS} 
 \quad
-\includegraphics[width=0.2\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/logo_MERCATOR.pdf} 
+\includegraphics[width=0.2\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/logo_MERCATOR} 
 \quad
-\includegraphics[width=0.1\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/logo_UKMO.pdf} 
+\includegraphics[width=0.1\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/logo_UKMO} 
 \quad
-\includegraphics[width=0.2\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/logo_NERC.pdf} \\
+\includegraphics[width=0.2\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/logo_NERC} \\
 \vspace{3.0cm}
-\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/NEMO_logo_Black.pdf} \\
+\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/NEMO_logo_Black} \\
 \vspace{1.0cm}
 \rule{345pt}{1.5pt} \\
@@ -191,9 +202,9 @@
 
 
-%%\includegraphics[width=0.2\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/logo_NERC.pdf} \\
+%%\includegraphics[width=0.2\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/logo_NERC} \\
 
 %%    \hbox{\mbox{%
 %%       \hspace{4pt}%
-%%         \fbox{\includegraphics[width=3em]{./TexFiles/Figures/logo_CNRS.pdf}}%
+%%         \fbox{\includegraphics[width=3em]{./TexFiles/Figures/logo_CNRS}}%
 %%        \hspace{4pt}
 %%        }  }%
@@ -212,5 +223,7 @@
 % ================================================================
 
+%\includeonly{}
 %\includeonly{./TexFiles/Chapters/Chap_MISC}
+%\includeonly{./TexFiles/Chapters/Annex_ISO}
 %\includeonly{./TexFiles/Chapters/Annex_E}
 %\includeonly{./TexFiles/Chapters/Chap_LBC,./TexFiles/Chapters/Chap_MISC}
@@ -280,4 +293,5 @@
 %\include{./TexFiles/Chapters/Annex_D}
 %\include{./TexFiles/Chapters/Annex_E}
+\include{./TexFiles/Chapters/Annex_ISO}
 
 % ================================================================
@@ -298,2 +312,6 @@
 % ================================================================
 \end{document}
+
+%%% Local Variables: 
+%%% TeX-PDF-mode: t
+%%% End: 
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/TexFiles/Biblio/Biblio.bib
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/TexFiles/Biblio/Biblio.bib	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/TexFiles/Biblio/Biblio.bib	(revision 2205)
@@ -1,124 +1,122 @@
-This file was created with JabRef 2.2.
-Encoding: UTF8
-
-@STRING{AP = {Academic Press}}
-
-@STRING{AREPS = {Annual Review of Earth Planetary Science}}
-
-@STRING{ARFM = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics}}
-
-@STRING{ASL = {Atmospheric Science Letters}}
-
-@STRING{AW = {Addison-Wesley}}
-
-@STRING{CD = {Clim. Dyn.}}
-
-@STRING{CP = {Clarendon Press}}
-
-@STRING{CUP = {Cambridge University Press}}
-
-@STRING{D = {Dover Publications}}
-
-@STRING{DAO = {Dyn. Atmos. Ocean}}
-
-@STRING{DSR = {Deep-Sea Res.}}
-
-@STRING{E = {Eyrolles}}
-
-@STRING{GRL = {Geophys. Res. Let.}}
-
-@STRING{I = {Interscience}}
-
-@STRING{JAOT = {J. Atmos. Ocean Tech.}}
-
-@STRING{JAS = {J. Atmos. Sc.}}
-
-@STRING{JC = {J. Climate}}
-
-@STRING{JCP = {J. Comput. Phys.}}
-
-@STRING{JGR = {J. Geophys. Res}}
-
-@STRING{JHUP = {The Johns Hopkins University Press}}
-
-@STRING{JMR = {J. Mar. Res.}}
-
-@STRING{JMS = {J. Mar. Sys.}}
-
-@STRING{JMSJ = {J. Met. Soc. Japan}}
-
-@STRING{JPO = {J. Phys. Oceanogr.}}
-
-@STRING{JWS = {John Wiley and Sons}}
-
-@STRING{M = {Macmillan}}
-
-@STRING{MGH = {McGraw-Hill}}
-
-@STRING{MWR = {Mon. Wea. Rev.}}
-
-@STRING{Nature = {Nat.}}
-
-@STRING{NH = {North-Holland}}
-
-@STRING{Ocean = {Oceanology}}
-
-@STRING{OS = {Ocean Science}}
-
-@STRING{OUP = {Oxford University Press}}
-
-@STRING{PH = {Prentice-Hall}}
-
-@STRING{PO = {Prog. Oceangr.}}
-
-@STRING{PP = {Pergamon Press}}
-
-@STRING{PRSL = {Proceedings of the Royal Society of London}}
-
-@STRING{QJRMS = {Quart J Roy Meteor Soc}}
-
-@STRING{Recherche = {La Recherche}}
-
-@STRING{Science = {Science}}
-
-@STRING{SV = {Springer-Verlag}}
-
-@STRING{Tellus = {Tellus}}
-
-@ARTICLE{Adcroft_Campin_OM04,
-  author = {A. Adcroft and J.-M. Campin},
-  title = {Re-scaled height coordinates for accurate representation of free-surface
-	flows in ocean circulation models},
-  journal = {Ocean Modelling},
-  year = {2004},
-  volume = {7},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.01.27}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Arakawa1966,
-  author = {A. Arakawa},
-  title = {Computational design for long term numerical integration of the equations
-	of fluid motion, two-dimensional incompressible flow, Part. I.},
-  journal = JCP,
-  year = {1966},
-  volume = {I},
-  pages = {119-149},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Arakawa1990,
-  author = {A. Arakawa and Y.-J. G. Hsu},
-  title = {Energy Conserving and Potential-Enstrophy Dissipating Schemes for
-	the Shallow Water Equations},
-  journal = MWR,
-  year = {1990},
-  volume = {118},
-  pages = {1960--1969
-	
-	},
-  number = {10},
-  abstract = {To incorporate potential enstrophy dissipation into discrete shallow
+%% This BibTeX bibliography file was created using BibDesk.
+%% http://bibdesk.sourceforge.net/
+
+
+%% Created for agn at 2010-09-07 17:22:40 +0100 
+
+
+%% Saved with string encoding Unicode (UTF-8) 
+
+
+@comment{jabref-meta: groupsversion:3;}
+@comment{jabref-meta: groupstree: 0 AllEntriesGroup:; 1 ExplicitGroup:El Nino\;2\;blanketal97\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:97/98 event\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Forecast\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:GHG change\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:in GCMs\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:in MIPs\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:momentum balance\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Obs analysis\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Paleo\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Previous events\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Reviews\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Simple models\;0\;Zhang1992\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:SPL, SC, mean\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Teleconnections\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Low freq\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Theory\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Energetics\;0\;; 1 ExplicitGroup:Diurnal in tropics\;0\;; 1 ExplicitGroup:Indian\;0\;; 1 ExplicitGroup:Atlantic\;0\;; 1 ExplicitGroup:MJO, IO, TIW\;2\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Obs\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:GCM\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Mechanims\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:TIW\;0\;; 1 ExplicitGroup:Observations\;2\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:ERBE\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Tropical\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Global\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Clouds\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Scale interactions\;0\;; 1 ExplicitGroup:Mechanisms\;2\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:CRF\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Water vapor\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Atmos mechanisms\;0\;; 1 ExplicitGroup:GCMs\;2\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Uncertainty\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:Momentum balance\;0\;; 1 ExplicitGroup:Climate change\;0\;; 2 ExplicitGroup:IPCC AR4\;0\;; 1 ExplicitGroup:Analysis tools\;0\;; 1 KeywordGroup:EG publis\;0\;author\;guilyardi\;0\;0\;; }
+
+
+@string{ap = {Academic Press}}
+
+@string{areps = {Annual Review of Earth Planetary Science}}
+
+@string{arfm = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics}}
+
+@string{asl = {Atmospheric Science Letters}}
+
+@string{aw = {Addison-Wesley}}
+
+@string{cd = {Clim. Dyn.}}
+
+@string{cp = {Clarendon Press}}
+
+@string{cup = {Cambridge University Press}}
+
+@string{d = {Dover Publications}}
+
+@string{dao = {Dyn. Atmos. Ocean}}
+
+@string{dsr = {Deep-Sea Res.}}
+
+@string{e = {Eyrolles}}
+
+@string{grl = {Geophys. Res. Let.}}
+
+@string{i = {Interscience}}
+
+@string{jaot = {J. Atmos. Ocean Tech.}}
+
+@string{jas = {J. Atmos. Sc.}}
+
+@string{jc = {J. Climate}}
+
+@string{jcp = {J. Comput. Phys.}}
+
+@string{jgr = {J. Geophys. Res}}
+
+@string{jhup = {The Johns Hopkins University Press}}
+
+@string{jmr = {J. Mar. Res.}}
+
+@string{jms = {J. Mar. Sys.}}
+
+@string{jmsj = {J. Met. Soc. Japan}}
+
+@string{jpo = {J. Phys. Oceanogr.}}
+
+@string{jws = {John Wiley and Sons}}
+
+@string{m = {Macmillan}}
+
+@string{mgh = {McGraw-Hill}}
+
+@string{mwr = {Mon. Wea. Rev.}}
+
+@string{nature = {Nat.}}
+
+@string{nh = {North-Holland}}
+
+@string{ocean = {Oceanology}}
+
+@string{os = {Ocean Science}}
+
+@string{oup = {Oxford University Press}}
+
+@string{ph = {Prentice-Hall}}
+
+@string{po = {Prog. Oceangr.}}
+
+@string{pp = {Pergamon Press}}
+
+@string{prsl = {Proceedings of the Royal Society of London}}
+
+@string{qjrms = {Quart J Roy Meteor Soc}}
+
+@string{recherche = {La Recherche}}
+
+@string{science = {Science}}
+
+@string{sv = {Springer-Verlag}}
+
+@string{tellus = {Tellus}}
+
+
+@article{Adcroft_Campin_OM04,
+	Author = {A. Adcroft and J.-M. Campin},
+	Journal = {Ocean Modelling},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2008.01.27},
+	Title = {Re-scaled height coordinates for accurate representation of free-surface flows in ocean circulation models},
+	Volume = {7},
+	Year = {2004}}
+
+@article{Arakawa1966,
+	Author = {A. Arakawa},
+	Journal = JCP,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {119-149},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Computational design for long term numerical integration of the equations of fluid motion, two-dimensional incompressible flow, Part. I.},
+	Volume = {I},
+	Year = {1966}}
+
+@article{Arakawa1990,
+	Abstract = {To incorporate potential enstrophy dissipation into discrete shallow
 	water equations with no or arbitrarily small energy dissipation,
 	a family of finite-difference schemes have been derived with which
@@ -129,21 +127,17 @@
 	fluid depth. The scheme is, therefore, useful for problems in which
 	the free surface may intersect with the lower boundary.},
-  date = {October 01, 1990},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.05}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Arakawa1981,
-  author = {Arakawa, Akio and Lamb, Vivian R.},
-  title = {A Potential Enstrophy and Energy Conserving Scheme for the Shallow
-	Water Equations},
-  journal = MWR,
-  year = {1981},
-  volume = {109},
-  pages = {18--36
-	
-	},
-  number = {1},
-  abstract = {To improve the simulation of nonlinear aspects of the flow over steep
+	Author = {A. Arakawa and Y.-J. G. Hsu},
+	Date = {October 01, 1990},
+	Journal = MWR,
+	Number = {10},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1960--1969},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.05},
+	Title = {Energy Conserving and Potential-Enstrophy Dissipating Schemes for the Shallow Water Equations},
+	Volume = {118},
+	Year = {1990}}
+
+@article{Arakawa1981,
+	Abstract = {To improve the simulation of nonlinear aspects of the flow over steep
 	topography, a potential enstrophy and energy conserving scheme for
 	the shallow water equations is derived. It is pointed out that a
@@ -159,28 +153,25 @@
 	potential enstrophy and energy conserving scheme for a spherical
 	grid is also presented.},
-  date = {January 01, 1981},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.05}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Arhan2006,
-  author = {M. Arhan and A.M. Treguier and B. Bourles and S. Michel},
-  title = {Diagnosing the annual cycle of the Equatorial Undercurrent in the
-	Atlantic Ocean from a general circulation model},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {2006},
-  volume = { 36},
-  pages = {1502-1522}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{ASSELIN1972,
-  author = {R. Asselin},
-  title = {Frequency Filter for Time Integrations},
-  journal = MWR,
-  year = {1972},
-  volume = {100},
-  pages = {487-490},
-  number = {6},
-  abstract = {A simple filter for controlling high-frequency computational and physical
+	Author = {Arakawa, Akio and Lamb, Vivian R.},
+	Date = {January 01, 1981},
+	Journal = MWR,
+	Number = {1},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {18--36},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.05},
+	Title = {A Potential Enstrophy and Energy Conserving Scheme for the Shallow Water Equations},
+	Volume = {109},
+	Year = {1981}}
+
+@article{Arhan2006,
+	Author = {M. Arhan and A.M. Treguier and B. Bourles and S. Michel},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Pages = {1502-1522},
+	Title = {Diagnosing the annual cycle of the Equatorial Undercurrent in the Atlantic Ocean from a general circulation model},
+	Volume = {36},
+	Year = {2006}}
+
+@article{ASSELIN1972,
+	Abstract = {A simple filter for controlling high-frequency computational and physical
 	modes arising in time integrations is proposed. A linear analysis
 	of the filter with leapfrog, implicit, and semi-implicit, differences
@@ -193,81 +184,61 @@
 	of the filter in an actual forecast with the meteorological equations
 	is shown.},
-  date = {June 01, 1972},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Barnier_al_OD06,
-  author = {B. Barnier and G. Madec and T. Penduff and J.-M. Molines and A.-M.
-	Treguier and J. Le Sommer and A. Beckmann and A. Biastoch and C.
-	Boning and J. Dengg and C. Derval and E. Durand and S. Gulev and
-	E. Remy and C. Talandier and S. Theetten and M. Maltrud and J. McClean
-	and B. De Cuevas},
-  title = {Impact of partial steps and momentum advection schemes in a global
-	ocean circulation model at eddy-permitting resolution.},
-  journal = {Ocean Dyn.},
-  year = {2006},
-  pages = {doi: 10.1007/s10236-006-0082-1.},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.01.25}
-}
-
-@INCOLLECTION{Barnier1996,
-  author = {B. Barnier and P. Marchesiello and A.P. de Miranda},
-  title = {Modeling the ocean circulation in the South Atlantic: A strategy
-	for dealing with open boundaries},
-  booktitle = {The South Atlantic: Present and Past Circulation},
-  publisher = {Springer-Verlag, Berlin},
-  year = {1996},
-  editor = {G.Wefer and W.H. Berger and G Siedler and D. Webb},
-  pages = {289-304}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Barnier1998,
-  author = {B. Barnier and P. Marchesiello and A. P. de Miranda and J.M. Molines
-	and M. Coulibaly},
-  title = {A sigma-coordinate primitive equation model for studying the circulation
-	in the South Atlantic I, Model configuration with error estimates},
-  journal = {Deep Sea Res.},
-  year = {1998},
-  volume = {45},
-  pages = {543-572}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Beckmann1998,
-  author = {A. Beckmann},
-  title = {The representation of bottom boundary layer processes in numerical
-	ocean circulation models.},
-  journal = {Ocean modelling and parameterization, E. P. Chassignet and J. Verron
-	(eds.), NATO Science Series, Kluwer Academic Publishers},
-  year = {1998},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{BeckDos1998,
-  author = {A. Beckmann and R. D\"{o}scher},
-  title = {A method for improved representation of dense water spreading over
-	topography in geopotential-coordinate models},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1998},
-  volume = {27},
-  pages = {581-591},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Beckmann1993,
-  author = {A. Beckmann and D. B. Haidvogel},
-  title = {Numerical Simulation of Flow around a Tall Isolated Seamount. Part
-	I - Problem Formulation and Model Accuracy},
-  journal = {Journal of Physical Oceanography},
-  year = {1993},
-  volume = {23},
-  pages = {1736--1753
-	
-	},
-  number = {8},
-  abstract = {A sigma coordinate ocean circulation model is employed to study flow
+	Author = {R. Asselin},
+	Date = {June 01, 1972},
+	Journal = MWR,
+	Number = {6},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {487-490},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Frequency Filter for Time Integrations},
+	Volume = {100},
+	Year = {1972}}
+
+@article{Barnier_al_OD06,
+	Author = {B. Barnier and G. Madec and T. Penduff and J.-M. Molines and A.-M. Treguier and J. Le Sommer and A. Beckmann and A. Biastoch and C. Boning and J. Dengg and C. Derval and E. Durand and S. Gulev and E. Remy and C. Talandier and S. Theetten and M. Maltrud and J. McClean and B. De Cuevas},
+	Journal = {Ocean Dyn.},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {doi: 10.1007/s10236-006-0082-1.},
+	Timestamp = {2008.01.25},
+	Title = {Impact of partial steps and momentum advection schemes in a global ocean circulation model at eddy-permitting resolution.},
+	Year = {2006}}
+
+@incollection{Barnier1996,
+	Author = {B. Barnier and P. Marchesiello and A.P. de Miranda},
+	Booktitle = {The South Atlantic: Present and Past Circulation},
+	Editor = {G.Wefer and W.H. Berger and G Siedler and D. Webb},
+	Pages = {289-304},
+	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag, Berlin},
+	Title = {Modeling the ocean circulation in the South Atlantic: A strategy for dealing with open boundaries},
+	Year = {1996}}
+
+@article{Barnier1998,
+	Author = {B. Barnier and P. Marchesiello and A. P. de Miranda and J.M. Molines and M. Coulibaly},
+	Journal = {Deep Sea Res.},
+	Pages = {543-572},
+	Title = {A sigma-coordinate primitive equation model for studying the circulation in the South Atlantic I, Model configuration with error estimates},
+	Volume = {45},
+	Year = {1998}}
+
+@article{Beckmann1998,
+	Author = {A. Beckmann},
+	Journal = {Ocean modelling and parameterization, E. P. Chassignet and J. Verron (eds.), NATO Science Series, Kluwer Academic Publishers},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {The representation of bottom boundary layer processes in numerical ocean circulation models.},
+	Year = {1998}}
+
+@article{BeckDos1998,
+	Author = {A. Beckmann and R. D\"{o}scher},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {581-591},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {A method for improved representation of dense water spreading over topography in geopotential-coordinate models},
+	Volume = {27},
+	Year = {1998}}
+
+@article{Beckmann1993,
+	Abstract = {A sigma coordinate ocean circulation model is employed to study flow
 	trapped to a tall seamount in a periodic f-plane channel. In Part
 	I, errors arising from the pressure gradient formulation in the steep
@@ -299,39 +270,35 @@
 	based upon vertical interpolation of the pressure field, has a dramatically
 	reduced error level but a much more restrictive range of stable behavior.},
-  date = {August 01, 1993},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Blanke_al_JPO99,
-  author = {B. Blanke and M. Arhan and G. Madec and S. Roche},
-  title = {Warm Water Paths in the Equatorial Atlantic as Diagnosed with a General
-	Circulation Model},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1999},
-  volume = {29, 11},
-  pages = {2753-2768},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.05.27}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Blanke1993,
-  author = {B. Blanke and P. Delecluse},
-  title = {Low frequency variability of the tropical Atlantic ocean simulated
-	by a general circulation model with mixed layer physics},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1993},
-  volume = {23},
-  pages = {1363-1388}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{blanketal97,
-  author = {B. Blanke and J. D. Neelin and D. Gutzler},
-  title = {Estimating the effect of stochastic wind forcing on ENSO irregularity},
-  journal = JC,
-  year = {1997},
-  volume = {10},
-  pages = {1473-1486},
-  abstract = {One open question in El NinoSouthern Oscillation (ENSO) simulation
+	Author = {A. Beckmann and D. B. Haidvogel},
+	Date = {August 01, 1993},
+	Journal = {Journal of Physical Oceanography},
+	Number = {8},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1736--1753},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Numerical Simulation of Flow around a Tall Isolated Seamount. Part I - Problem Formulation and Model Accuracy},
+	Volume = {23},
+	Year = {1993}}
+
+@article{Blanke_al_JPO99,
+	Author = {B. Blanke and M. Arhan and G. Madec and S. Roche},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {2753-2768},
+	Timestamp = {2008.05.27},
+	Title = {Warm Water Paths in the Equatorial Atlantic as Diagnosed with a General Circulation Model},
+	Volume = {29, 11},
+	Year = {1999}}
+
+@article{Blanke1993,
+	Author = {B. Blanke and P. Delecluse},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Pages = {1363-1388},
+	Title = {Low frequency variability of the tropical Atlantic ocean simulated by a general circulation model with mixed layer physics},
+	Volume = {23},
+	Year = {1993}}
+
+@article{blanketal97,
+	Abstract = {One open question in El NinoSouthern Oscillation (ENSO) simulation
 	and predictability is the role of random
 	
@@ -393,39 +360,32 @@
 	
 	predictability.},
-  pdf = {Blanke_etal_JC97.pdf}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Blanke_Raynaud_JPO97,
-  author = {B. Blanke and S. Raynaud},
-  title = {Kinematics of the Pacific Equatorial Undercurrent: An Eulerian and
-	Lagrangian Approach from GCM Results},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1997},
-  volume = {27, 6},
-  pages = {1038-1053},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.05.27}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Blayo2005,
-  author = {E. Blayo and L. Debreu},
-  title = {Revisiting open boundary conditions from the point of view of characteristic
-	variables},
-  journal = {Ocean Modelling},
-  year = {2005},
-  volume = {9},
-  pages = {231-252}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Bougeault1989,
-  author = {P. Bougeault and P. Lacarrere},
-  title = {Parameterization of Orography-Induced Turbulence in a Mesobeta--Scale
-	Model},
-  journal = MWR,
-  year = {1989},
-  volume = {117},
-  pages = {1872-1890},
-  number = {8},
-  abstract = {The possibility of extending existing techniques for turbulence parameterization
+	Author = {B. Blanke and J. D. Neelin and D. Gutzler},
+	Journal = JC,
+	Pages = {1473-1486},
+	Pdf = {Blanke_etal_JC97.pdf},
+	Title = {Estimating the effect of stochastic wind forcing on ENSO irregularity},
+	Volume = {10},
+	Year = {1997}}
+
+@article{Blanke_Raynaud_JPO97,
+	Author = {B. Blanke and S. Raynaud},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1038-1053},
+	Timestamp = {2008.05.27},
+	Title = {Kinematics of the Pacific Equatorial Undercurrent: An Eulerian and Lagrangian Approach from GCM Results},
+	Volume = {27, 6},
+	Year = {1997}}
+
+@article{Blayo2005,
+	Author = {E. Blayo and L. Debreu},
+	Journal = {Ocean Modelling},
+	Pages = {231-252},
+	Title = {Revisiting open boundary conditions from the point of view of characteristic variables},
+	Volume = {9},
+	Year = {2005}}
+
+@article{Bougeault1989,
+	Abstract = {The possibility of extending existing techniques for turbulence parameterization
 	in the planetary boundary layer to attitude, orography-induced turbulence
 	events is examined. Starting from a well-tested scheme, we show that
@@ -437,19 +397,17 @@
 	turbulence are studied. The comparison with observations and former
 	studies shows a satisfactory behavior of the new scheme.},
-  date = {August 01, 1989},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Brown1978,
-  author = {J. A. Brown and K. A. Campana},
-  title = {An Economical Time-Differencing System for Numerical Weather Prediction},
-  journal = MWR,
-  year = {1978},
-  volume = {106},
-  pages = {1125-1136},
-  number = {8},
-  month = aug,
-  abstract = {A simple method for integrating the primitive equations is presented
+	Author = {P. Bougeault and P. Lacarrere},
+	Date = {August 01, 1989},
+	Journal = MWR,
+	Number = {8},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1872-1890},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {Parameterization of Orography-Induced Turbulence in a Mesobeta--Scale Model},
+	Volume = {117},
+	Year = {1989}}
+
+@article{Brown1978,
+	Abstract = {A simple method for integrating the primitive equations is presented
 	which allows for a timestep increment up to twice that of the conventional
 	leapfrog scheme. It consists of a time-averaging operator, which
@@ -462,143 +420,122 @@
 	time-damping device incorporated, which is an alternative in controlling
 	linearly amplifying computational modes.},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.05}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Bryan1997,
-  author = {K. Bryan},
-  title = {A Numerical Method for the Study of the Circulation of the World
-	Ocean},
-  journal = JCP,
-  year = {1997},
-  volume = {135, 2},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.10}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Bryan1984,
-  author = {K. Bryan},
-  title = {Accelerating the convergence to equilibrium of ocean-climate models},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1984},
-  volume = {14},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.10}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Bryden1973,
-  author = {H. L. Bryden},
-  title = {New polynomials for thermal expansion, adiabatic temperature gradient
-	
-	and potential temperature of sea water},
-  journal = DSR,
-  year = {1973},
-  volume = {20},
-  pages = {401-408},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Campin2004,
-  author = {J.-M. Campin and A. Adcroft and C. Hill and J. Marshall},
-  title = {Conservation of properties in a free-surface model},
-  journal = {Ocean Modelling},
-  year = {2004},
-  volume = {6, 3-4},
-  pages = {221-244},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Campin_Goosse_Tel99,
-  author = {J. M. Campin and H. Goosse},
-  title = {Parameterization of density-driven downsloping flow for a coarse-resolution
-	ocean model in z-coordinate},
-  journal = {Tellus},
-  year = {1999},
-  volume = {51},
-  pages = {412-430},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.01.20}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Cox1987,
-  author = {M. Cox},
-  title = {Isopycnal diffusion in a z-coordinate ocean model},
-  journal = {Ocean Modelling},
-  year = {1987},
-  volume = {74},
-  pages = {1-9},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Dorscher_Beckmann_JAOT00,
-  author = {R. D\"{o}scher and A. Beckmann},
-  title = {Effects of a Bottom Boundary Layer Parameterization in a Coarse-Resolution
-	Model of the North Atlantic Ocean},
-  journal = JAOT,
-  year = {2000},
-  volume = {17},
-  pages = {698-707},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.01.23}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Debreu_al_CG2008,
-  author = {L. Debreu and C. Vouland and E. Blayo},
-  title = {AGRIF: Adaptive Grid Refinement In Fortran},
-  journal = {Computers and Geosciences},
-  year = {2008},
-  volume = {34},
-  pages = {8-13},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.02.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Delecluse_Madec_Bk00,
-  author = {P. Delecluse and G. Madec},
-  title = {Ocean modelling and the role of the ocean in the climate system},
-  journal = {In \textit{Modeling the Earth's Climate and its Variability}, Les
-	Houches, Session, LXVII 1997,
-	
-	Eds. W. R. Holland, S. Joussaume and F. David, Elsevier Science,},
-  year = {2000},
-  pages = {237-313},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.02.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Dukowicz1994,
-  author = {J. K. Dukowicz and R. D. Smith},
-  title = {Implicit free-surface method for the Bryan-Cox-Semtner ocean model},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {1994},
-  volume = {99},
-  pages = {7991-8014},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@INCOLLECTION{Durran2001,
-  author = {D.R. Durran },
-  title = {Open boundary conditions: fact and fiction},
-  booktitle = {Advances in Mathematical Modelling of Atmosphere and Ocean Dynamics},
-  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
-  year = {2001},
-  editor = {P.F. Hodnett}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Dutay.J.C2004,
-  author = {J. -C. Dutay and P. J. -Baptiste and J. -M. Campin and A. Ishida
-	and E. M. -Reimer and R. J. Matear and A. Mouchet and I. J. Totterdell
-	and Y. Yamanaka and K. Rodgers and G. Madec and J.C. Orr},
-  title = {Evaluation of OCMIP-2 ocean models deep circulation
-	
-	with mantle helium-3},
-  journal = {Journal of Marine Systems},
-  year = {2004},
-  pages = {1-22},
-  abstract = {We compare simulations of the injection of mantle helium-3 into the
+	Author = {J. A. Brown and K. A. Campana},
+	Journal = MWR,
+	Month = aug,
+	Number = {8},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1125-1136},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.05},
+	Title = {An Economical Time-Differencing System for Numerical Weather Prediction},
+	Volume = {106},
+	Year = {1978}}
+
+@article{Bryan1997,
+	Author = {K. Bryan},
+	Journal = JCP,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.10},
+	Title = {A Numerical Method for the Study of the Circulation of the World Ocean},
+	Volume = {135, 2},
+	Year = {1997}}
+
+@article{Bryan1984,
+	Author = {K. Bryan},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.10},
+	Title = {Accelerating the convergence to equilibrium of ocean-climate models},
+	Volume = {14},
+	Year = {1984}}
+
+@article{Bryden1973,
+	Author = {H. L. Bryden},
+	Journal = DSR,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {401-408},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {New polynomials for thermal expansion, adiabatic temperature gradient and potential temperature of sea water},
+	Volume = {20},
+	Year = {1973}}
+
+@article{Campin2004,
+	Author = {J.-M. Campin and A. Adcroft and C. Hill and J. Marshall},
+	Journal = {Ocean Modelling},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {221-244},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Conservation of properties in a free-surface model},
+	Volume = {6, 3-4},
+	Year = {2004}}
+
+@article{Campin_Goosse_Tel99,
+	Author = {J. M. Campin and H. Goosse},
+	Journal = {Tellus},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {412-430},
+	Timestamp = {2008.01.20},
+	Title = {Parameterization of density-driven downsloping flow for a coarse-resolution ocean model in z-coordinate},
+	Volume = {51},
+	Year = {1999}}
+
+@article{Cox1987,
+	Author = {M. Cox},
+	Journal = {Ocean Modelling},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1-9},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Isopycnal diffusion in a z-coordinate ocean model},
+	Volume = {74},
+	Year = {1987}}
+
+@article{Dorscher_Beckmann_JAOT00,
+	Author = {R. D\"{o}scher and A. Beckmann},
+	Journal = JAOT,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {698-707},
+	Timestamp = {2008.01.23},
+	Title = {Effects of a Bottom Boundary Layer Parameterization in a Coarse-Resolution Model of the North Atlantic Ocean},
+	Volume = {17},
+	Year = {2000}}
+
+@article{Debreu_al_CG2008,
+	Author = {L. Debreu and C. Vouland and E. Blayo},
+	Journal = {Computers and Geosciences},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {8-13},
+	Timestamp = {2008.02.03},
+	Title = {AGRIF: Adaptive Grid Refinement In Fortran},
+	Volume = {34},
+	Year = {2008}}
+
+@article{Delecluse_Madec_Bk00,
+	Author = {P. Delecluse and G. Madec},
+	Journal = {In \textit{Modeling the Earth's Climate and its Variability}, Les Houches, Session, LXVII 1997, Eds. W. R. Holland, S. Joussaume and F. David, Elsevier Science,},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {237-313},
+	Timestamp = {2008.02.03},
+	Title = {Ocean modelling and the role of the ocean in the climate system},
+	Year = {2000}}
+
+@article{Dukowicz1994,
+	Author = {J. K. Dukowicz and R. D. Smith},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {7991-8014},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Implicit free-surface method for the Bryan-Cox-Semtner ocean model},
+	Volume = {99},
+	Year = {1994}}
+
+@incollection{Durran2001,
+	Author = {D.R. Durran},
+	Booktitle = {Advances in Mathematical Modelling of Atmosphere and Ocean Dynamics},
+	Editor = {P.F. Hodnett},
+	Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
+	Title = {Open boundary conditions: fact and fiction},
+	Year = {2001}}
+
+@article{Dutay.J.C2004,
+	Abstract = {We compare simulations of the injection of mantle helium-3 into the
 	deep ocean from six global coarse resolution models which participated
 	in the Ocean Carbon Model Intercomparison Project (OCMIP). We also
@@ -645,97 +582,82 @@
 	both helium-3 and natural 14C, and comparing the simulated tracer
 	fields with available data.},
-  owner = {sandra},
-  pdf = {Dutay_etal_OCMIP_JMS04.pdf},
-  timestamp = {2006.10.17}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Eiseman1980,
-  author = {P. R. Eiseman and A. P. Stone},
-  title = {Conservation lows of fluid dynamics -- A survey},
-  journal = {SIAM Review},
-  year = {1980},
-  volume = {22},
-  pages = {12-27},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Emile-Geay_Madec_OSD08,
-  author = {J. Emile-Geay and G. Madec},
-  title = {Geothermal heating, diapycnal mixing and the abyssal circulation},
-  journal = {Ocean Sci. Discuss.},
-  year = {2008},
-  volume = {5},
-  pages = {281-325},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.07.16}
-}
-
-@PHDTHESIS{Farge1987,
-  author = {M. Farge},
-  title = {Dynamique non lineaire des ondes et des tourbillons dans les equations
-	de Saint Venant},
-  school = {Doctorat es Mathematiques, Paris VI University, 401 pp.},
-  year = {1987},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Farrow1995,
-  author = {D. E. Farrow and D. P. Stevens},
-  title = {A new tracer advection scheme for Bryan--Cox type ocean general circulation
-	models},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1995},
-  volume = {25},
-  pages = {1731-1741.},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Fujio1991,
-  author = {S. Fujio and N. Imasato},
-  title = {Diagnostic calculation for circulation and water mass movement in
-	the deep Pacific},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {1991},
-  volume = {96},
-  pages = {759-774},
-  month = jan,
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Gargett1984,
-  author = {A. E. Gargett},
-  title = {Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior},
-  journal = JMR,
-  year = {1984},
-  volume = {42},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Gaspar1990,
-  author = {P. Gaspar and Y. Gr{\'e}goris and J.-M. Lefevre},
-  title = {A simple eddy kinetic energy model for simulations of the oceanic
-	vertical mixing\: Tests at Station Papa and long-term upper ocean
-	study site},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {1990},
-  volume = {95(C9)},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Gent1990,
-  author = {P. R. Gent and J. C. Mcwilliams},
-  title = {Isopycnal Mixing in Ocean Circulation Models},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1990},
-  volume = {20},
-  pages = {150-155},
-  number = {1},
-  abstract = {A subgrid-scale form for mesoscale eddy mixing on isopycnal surfaces
+	Author = {J. -C. Dutay and P. J. -Baptiste and J. -M. Campin and A. Ishida and E. M. -Reimer and R. J. Matear and A. Mouchet and I. J. Totterdell and Y. Yamanaka and K. Rodgers and G. Madec and J.C. Orr},
+	Journal = {Journal of Marine Systems},
+	Owner = {sandra},
+	Pages = {1-22},
+	Pdf = {Dutay_etal_OCMIP_JMS04.pdf},
+	Timestamp = {2006.10.17},
+	Title = {Evaluation of OCMIP-2 ocean models deep circulation with mantle helium-3},
+	Year = {2004}}
+
+@article{Eiseman1980,
+	Author = {P. R. Eiseman and A. P. Stone},
+	Journal = {SIAM Review},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {12-27},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Conservation lows of fluid dynamics -- A survey},
+	Volume = {22},
+	Year = {1980}}
+
+@article{Emile-Geay_Madec_OSD08,
+	Author = {J. Emile-Geay and G. Madec},
+	Journal = {Ocean Sci. Discuss.},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {281-325},
+	Timestamp = {2008.07.16},
+	Title = {Geothermal heating, diapycnal mixing and the abyssal circulation},
+	Volume = {5},
+	Year = {2008}}
+
+@phdthesis{Farge1987,
+	Author = {M. Farge},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	School = {Doctorat es Mathematiques, Paris VI University, 401 pp.},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Dynamique non lineaire des ondes et des tourbillons dans les equations de Saint Venant},
+	Year = {1987}}
+
+@article{Farrow1995,
+	Author = {D. E. Farrow and D. P. Stevens},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1731-1741.},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {A new tracer advection scheme for Bryan--Cox type ocean general circulation models},
+	Volume = {25},
+	Year = {1995}}
+
+@article{Fujio1991,
+	Author = {S. Fujio and N. Imasato},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Month = jan,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {759-774},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Diagnostic calculation for circulation and water mass movement in the deep Pacific},
+	Volume = {96},
+	Year = {1991}}
+
+@article{Gargett1984,
+	Author = {A. E. Gargett},
+	Journal = JMR,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior},
+	Volume = {42},
+	Year = {1984}}
+
+@article{Gaspar1990,
+	Author = {P. Gaspar and Y. Gr{\'e}goris and J.-M. Lefevre},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {A simple eddy kinetic energy model for simulations of the oceanic vertical mixing\: Tests at Station Papa and long-term upper ocean study site},
+	Volume = {95(C9)},
+	Year = {1990}}
+
+@article{Gent1990,
+	Abstract = {A subgrid-scale form for mesoscale eddy mixing on isopycnal surfaces
 	is proposed for use in non-eddy-resolving ocean circulation models.
 	The mixing is applied in isopycnal coordinates to isopycnal layer
@@ -743,69 +665,60 @@
 	temperature and salinity. The transformation of these mixing forms
 	to physical coordinates is also presented.},
-  date = {January 01, 1990},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Gerdes1993a,
-  author = {R. Gerdes},
-  title = {A primitive equation ocean circulation model using a general vertical
-	coordinate transformation 1. Description and testing of the model},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {1993},
-  volume = {98},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Gerdes1993b,
-  author = {R. Gerdes},
-  title = {A primitive equation ocean circulation model using a general vertical
-	coordinate transformation 2. Application to an overflow problem},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {1993},
-  volume = {98},
-  pages = {14703-14726},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@TECHREPORT{Gibson_TR86,
-  author = {J. K. Gibson},
-  title = {Standard software development and maintenance},
-  institution = {Operational Dep., ECMWF, Reading, UK.},
-  year = {1986},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.02.03}
-}
-
-@BOOK{Gill1982,
-  title = {Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics},
-  publisher = {International Geophysics Series, Academic Press, New-York},
-  year = {1982},
-  author = {A. E. Gill}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Goosse_al_JGR99,
-  author = {H. Goosse and E. Deleersnijder and T. Fichefet and M. England},
-  title = {Sensitivity of a global coupled ocean-sea ice model to the parameterization
-	of vertical mixing},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {1999},
-  volume = {104},
-  pages = {13,681-13,695},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.05.27}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Griffes2005,
-  author = {S. M. Griffes and A. Gnanadesikan and K. W. Dixon and J. P. Dunne
-	and R. Gerdes and M. J. Harrison and A. Rosati and J. L. Russell
-	and B. L. Samuels and M. J. Spelman and M. Winton and R. Zhang},
-  title = {Formulation of an ocean model for global climate simulations},
-  journal = OS,
-  year = {2005},
-  pages = {165246},
-  abstract = {This paper summarizes the formulation of the ocean component to the
+	Author = {P. R. Gent and J. C. Mcwilliams},
+	Date = {January 01, 1990},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Number = {1},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {150-155},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Isopycnal Mixing in Ocean Circulation Models},
+	Volume = {20},
+	Year = {1990}}
+
+@article{Gerdes1993a,
+	Author = {R. Gerdes},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {A primitive equation ocean circulation model using a general vertical coordinate transformation 1. Description and testing of the model},
+	Volume = {98},
+	Year = {1993}}
+
+@article{Gerdes1993b,
+	Author = {R. Gerdes},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {14703-14726},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {A primitive equation ocean circulation model using a general vertical coordinate transformation 2. Application to an overflow problem},
+	Volume = {98},
+	Year = {1993}}
+
+@techreport{Gibson_TR86,
+	Author = {J. K. Gibson},
+	Institution = {Operational Dep., ECMWF, Reading, UK.},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2008.02.03},
+	Title = {Standard software development and maintenance},
+	Year = {1986}}
+
+@book{Gill1982,
+	Author = {A. E. Gill},
+	Publisher = {International Geophysics Series, Academic Press, New-York},
+	Title = {Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics},
+	Year = {1982}}
+
+@article{Goosse_al_JGR99,
+	Author = {H. Goosse and E. Deleersnijder and T. Fichefet and M. England},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {13,681-13,695},
+	Timestamp = {2008.05.27},
+	Title = {Sensitivity of a global coupled ocean-sea ice model to the parameterization of vertical mixing},
+	Volume = {104},
+	Year = {1999}}
+
+@article{Griffes2005,
+	Abstract = {This paper summarizes the formulation of the ocean component to the
 	Geophysical
 	
@@ -860,39 +773,34 @@
 	flux methods, (12) parameterization of tidal mixing on continental
 	shelves.},
-  owner = {sandra},
-  pdf = {Griffies_al_OSD05.pdf},
-  timestamp = {2007.01.25}
-}
-
-@BOOK{Griffies2004,
-  title = {Fundamentals of ocean climate models},
-  publisher = {Princeton University Press, 434pp},
-  year = {2004},
-  author = {S. M. Griffies},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.05}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Griffies_JPO98,
-  author = {S. M. Griffies},
-  title = {The Gent-McWilliams skew-ﬂux},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1998},
-  volume = {28},
-  pages = {831–841},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.06.28}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Griffies1998,
-  author = {S. M. Griffies and A. Gnanadesikan and R. C. Pacanowski and V. D.
-	Larichev and J. K. Dukowicz and R. D. Smith},
-  title = {Isoneutral Diffusion in a z-Coordinate Ocean Model},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1998},
-  volume = {28},
-  pages = {805-830},
-  number = {5},
-  abstract = {This paper considers the requirements that must be satisfied in order
+	Author = {S. M. Griffes and A. Gnanadesikan and K. W. Dixon and J. P. Dunne and R. Gerdes and M. J. Harrison and A. Rosati and J. L. Russell and B. L. Samuels and M. J. Spelman and M. Winton and R. Zhang},
+	Journal = OS,
+	Owner = {sandra},
+	Pages = {165246},
+	Pdf = {Griffies_al_OSD05.pdf},
+	Timestamp = {2007.01.25},
+	Title = {Formulation of an ocean model for global climate simulations},
+	Year = {2005}}
+
+@book{Griffies2004,
+	Author = {S. M. Griffies},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Publisher = {Princeton University Press, 434pp},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.05},
+	Title = {Fundamentals of ocean climate models},
+	Year = {2004}}
+
+@article{Griffies_JPO98,
+	Author = {S. M. Griffies},
+	Date-Modified = {2010-09-07 17:22:40 +0100},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {831--841},
+	Timestamp = {2008.06.28},
+	Title = {The {G}ent-{M}c{W}illiams skew-flux},
+	Volume = {28},
+	Year = {1998}}
+
+@article{Griffies1998,
+	Abstract = {This paper considers the requirements that must be satisfied in order
 	to provide a stable and physically based isoneutral tracer diffusion
 	scheme in a z-coordinate ocean model. Two properties are emphasized:
@@ -905,19 +813,17 @@
 	aims to satisfy the stated properties and is found to require no
 	horizontal background diffusion.},
-  date = {May 01, 1998},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.05}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Griffies2001,
-  author = {S. M. Griffies and R. C. Pacanowski and M. Schmidt and V. Balaji},
-  title = {Tracer Conservation with an Explicit Free Surface Method for z-Coordinate
-	Ocean Models},
-  journal = MWR,
-  year = {2001},
-  volume = {129},
-  pages = {1081-1098},
-  number = {5},
-  abstract = {This paper details a free surface method using an explicit time stepping
+	Author = {S. M. Griffies and A. Gnanadesikan and R. C. Pacanowski and V. D. Larichev and J. K. Dukowicz and R. D. Smith},
+	Date = {May 01, 1998},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Number = {5},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {805-830},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.05},
+	Title = {Isoneutral Diffusion in a z-Coordinate Ocean Model},
+	Volume = {28},
+	Year = {1998}}
+
+@article{Griffies2001,
+	Abstract = {This paper details a free surface method using an explicit time stepping
 	scheme for use in z-coordinate ocean models. One key property that
 	makes the method especially suitable for climate simulations is its
@@ -934,65 +840,55 @@
 	illustrated, and examples of scaling achieved on parallel computers
 	provided.},
-  date = {May 01, 2001},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Guily2001,
-  author = {E. Guilyardi and G. Madec and L. Terray},
-  title = {The role of lateral ocean physics in the upper ocean thermal balance
-	of a coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM},
-  journal = CD,
-  year = {2001},
-  volume = {17},
-  pages = {589-599},
-  number = {8},
-  pdf = {/home/ericg/TeX/Papers/Published_pdfs/Guilyardi_al_CD01.pdf}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Guyon_al_EP99,
-  author = {M. Guyon and G. Madec and F.-X. Roux and M. Imbard},
-  title = {A Parallel ocean model for high resolution studies},
-  journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
-  year = {1999},
-  volume = {Euro-Par'99},
-  pages = {603-607},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.05.27}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Guyon_al_CalPar99,
-  author = {M. Guyon and G. Madec and F.-X. Roux and M. Imbard and C. Herbaut
-	and P. Fronier},
-  title = {Parallelization of the OPA ocean model},
-  journal = {Calculateurs Paralleles},
-  year = {1999},
-  volume = {11, 4},
-  pages = {499-517},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.05.27}
-}
-
-@BOOK{Haltiner1980,
-  title = {Numerical prediction and dynamic meteorology},
-  publisher = {John Wiley {\&} Sons Eds., second edition, 477pp},
-  year = {1980},
-  author = {G. J. Haltiner and R. T. Williams},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Haney1991,
-  author = {R. L. Haney},
-  title = {On the Pressure Gradient Force over Steep Topography in Sigma Coordinate
-	Ocean Models},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1991},
-  volume = {21},
-  pages = {610--619
-	
-	},
-  number = {4},
-  abstract = {The error in computing the pressure gradient force near steep topography
+	Author = {S. M. Griffies and R. C. Pacanowski and M. Schmidt and V. Balaji},
+	Date = {May 01, 2001},
+	Journal = MWR,
+	Number = {5},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1081-1098},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Tracer Conservation with an Explicit Free Surface Method for z-Coordinate Ocean Models},
+	Volume = {129},
+	Year = {2001}}
+
+@article{Guily2001,
+	Author = {E. Guilyardi and G. Madec and L. Terray},
+	Journal = CD,
+	Number = {8},
+	Pages = {589-599},
+	Pdf = {/home/ericg/TeX/Papers/Published_pdfs/Guilyardi_al_CD01.pdf},
+	Title = {The role of lateral ocean physics in the upper ocean thermal balance of a coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM},
+	Volume = {17},
+	Year = {2001}}
+
+@article{Guyon_al_EP99,
+	Author = {M. Guyon and G. Madec and F.-X. Roux and M. Imbard},
+	Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {603-607},
+	Timestamp = {2008.05.27},
+	Title = {A Parallel ocean model for high resolution studies},
+	Volume = {Euro-Par'99},
+	Year = {1999}}
+
+@article{Guyon_al_CalPar99,
+	Author = {M. Guyon and G. Madec and F.-X. Roux and M. Imbard and C. Herbaut and P. Fronier},
+	Journal = {Calculateurs Paralleles},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {499-517},
+	Timestamp = {2008.05.27},
+	Title = {Parallelization of the OPA ocean model},
+	Volume = {11, 4},
+	Year = {1999}}
+
+@book{Haltiner1980,
+	Author = {G. J. Haltiner and R. T. Williams},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Publisher = {John Wiley {\&} Sons Eds., second edition, 477pp},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Numerical prediction and dynamic meteorology},
+	Year = {1980}}
+
+@article{Haney1991,
+	Abstract = {The error in computing the pressure gradient force near steep topography
 	using terms following (&#963;) coordinates is investigated in an
 	ocean model using the family of vertical differencing schemes proposed
@@ -1014,21 +910,17 @@
 	consistent 30-level model with the reference state removed is about
 	an order of magnitude smaller.},
-  date = {April 01, 1991},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Hsu1990,
-  author = {Hsu, Yueh-Jiuan G. and Arakawa, Akio},
-  title = {Numerical Modeling of the Atmosphere with an Isentropic Vertical
-	Coordinate},
-  journal = MWR,
-  year = {1990},
-  volume = {118},
-  pages = {1933--1959
-	
-	},
-  number = {10},
-  abstract = {In constructing a numerical model of the atmosphere, we must choose
+	Author = {R. L. Haney},
+	Date = {April 01, 1991},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Number = {4},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {610--619},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {On the Pressure Gradient Force over Steep Topography in Sigma Coordinate Ocean Models},
+	Volume = {21},
+	Year = {1991}}
+
+@article{Hsu1990,
+	Abstract = {In constructing a numerical model of the atmosphere, we must choose
 	an appropriate vertical coordinate. Among the various possibilities,
 	isentropic vertical coordinates such as the &#952;-coordinate seem
@@ -1051,69 +943,62 @@
 	model can simulate the nonlinear evolution of a baroclinic wave and
 	associated dynamical processes without major computational difficulties.},
-  date = {October 01, 1990},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.05}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{JackMcD1995,
-  author = {D. R. Jackett and T. J. McDougall},
-  title = {Minimal adjustment of hydrographic data to achieve static stability},
-  journal = JAOT,
-  year = {1995},
-  volume = {12},
-  pages = {381-389},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@BOOK{Jerlov1968,
-  title = {Optical Oceanography},
-  publisher = {194pp},
-  year = {1968},
-  author = {N. G. Jerlov},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@BOOK{Jerlov_Bk1968,
-  publisher = {Elsevier},
-  year = {1968},
-  author = {N. G. Jerlov},
-  pages = {194pp},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.08.31}
-}
-
-@INPROCEEDINGS{Killworth1989,
-  author = {P. D. Killworth},
-  title = {On the parameterization of deep convection in ocean models},
-  booktitle = {Parameterization of small-scale processes},
-  year = {1989},
-  editor = {Hawaiian winter workshop},
-  month = {January 17-20},
-  organization = {University of Hawaii at Manoa},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Killworth1992,
-  author = {P. D. Killworth},
-  title = {An equivalent-barotropic mode in the fine resolution Antarctic model},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1992},
-  volume = {22},
-  pages = {1379-1387}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Killworth1991,
-  author = {Killworth, P. D. and Stainforth, D. and Webb, D. J. and Paterson,
-	S. M.},
-  title = {The Development of a Free-Surface Bryan-Cox-Semtner Ocean Model},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1991},
-  volume = {21},
-  pages = {1333--1348},
-  number = {9},
-  abstract = {A version of the Bryan&#8211;Cox&#8211;Semtner numerical ocean general
+	Author = {Hsu, Yueh-Jiuan G. and Arakawa, Akio},
+	Date = {October 01, 1990},
+	Journal = MWR,
+	Number = {10},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1933--1959},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.05},
+	Title = {Numerical Modeling of the Atmosphere with an Isentropic Vertical Coordinate},
+	Volume = {118},
+	Year = {1990}}
+
+@article{JackMcD1995,
+	Author = {D. R. Jackett and T. J. McDougall},
+	Journal = JAOT,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {381-389},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Minimal adjustment of hydrographic data to achieve static stability},
+	Volume = {12},
+	Year = {1995}}
+
+@book{Jerlov1968,
+	Author = {N. G. Jerlov},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Publisher = {194pp},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Optical Oceanography},
+	Year = {1968}}
+
+@book{Jerlov_Bk1968,
+	Author = {N. G. Jerlov},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {194pp},
+	Publisher = {Elsevier},
+	Timestamp = {2008.08.31},
+	Year = {1968}}
+
+@inproceedings{Killworth1989,
+	Author = {P. D. Killworth},
+	Booktitle = {Parameterization of small-scale processes},
+	Editor = {Hawaiian winter workshop},
+	Month = {January 17-20},
+	Organization = {University of Hawaii at Manoa},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {On the parameterization of deep convection in ocean models},
+	Year = {1989}}
+
+@article{Killworth1992,
+	Author = {P. D. Killworth},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Pages = {1379-1387},
+	Title = {An equivalent-barotropic mode in the fine resolution Antarctic model},
+	Volume = {22},
+	Year = {1992}}
+
+@article{Killworth1991,
+	Abstract = {A version of the Bryan&#8211;Cox&#8211;Semtner numerical ocean general
 	circulation model, adapted to include a free surface, is described.
 	The model is designed for the following uses&#058; tidal studies
@@ -1128,98 +1013,81 @@
 	torques on the barotropic flow differs because of the nature of the
 	modifications.},
-  date = {September 01, 1991},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Kolmogorov1942,
-  author = {A. N. Kolmogorov},
-  title = {The equation of turbulent motion in an incompressible fluid},
-  journal = {Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Fiz.},
-  year = {1942},
-  volume = {6},
-  pages = {56-58},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@PHDTHESIS{Levy1996,
-  author = {M. L\'{e}vy},
-  title = {Mod\'{e}lisation des processus biog\'{e}ochimiques en M\'{e}diterran\'{e}e
-	nord-occidentale. Cycle saisonnier et variabilit\'{e} m\'{e}so\'{e}chelle},
-  school = {Universit\'{e} Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France, 207pp},
-  year = {1996},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Levy2001,
-  author = {M. L\'{e}vy and A. Estubier and G Madec},
-  title = {Choice of an advection scheme for biogeochemical models},
-  journal = GRL,
-  year = {2001},
-  volume = {28},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Levy1998,
-  author = {M. L\'{e}vy and L. M\'{e}mery and G. Madec},
-  title = {The onset of a bloom after deep winter convection in the Northwestern
-	Mediterranean Sea: mesoscale 
-	
-	process study with a primitive equation model},
-  journal = JMS,
-  year = {1998},
-  volume = {16/1-2},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.10}
-}
-
-@BOOK{LargeYeager2004,
-  title = {Diurnal to decadal global forcing for ocean and sea-ice models: the
-	data sets and flux climatologies},
-  publisher = {NCAR Technical Note, NCAR/TN-460+STR, CGD Division of the National
-	Center for Atmospheric Research},
-  year = {2004},
-  author = {W. Large and S. Yeager},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Large_al_RG94,
-  author = {W. G. Large and J. C. McWilliams and S. C. Doney},
-  title = {Oceanic vertical mixing - a review and a model with a nonlocal boundary
-	layer parameterization},
-  journal = {Reviews of Geophysics},
-  year = {1994},
-  volume = {32},
-  pages = {363-404},
-  doi = {10.1029/94RG01872},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@PHDTHESIS{Lazar1997,
-  author = {A. Lazar},
-  title = {La branche froide de la circulation thermohaline - sensibilit\'{e}
-	\`{a} la diffusion turbulente dans un mod\`{e}le de circulation g\'{e}n\'{e}rale
-	id\'{e}alis\'{e}e},
-  school = {Universit\'{e} Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France, 200pp},
-  year = {1997},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Lazar1999,
-  author = {A. Lazar and G. Madec and P. Delecluse},
-  title = {The Deep Interior Downwelling, the Veronis Effect, and Mesoscale
-	Tracer Transport Parameterizations in an OGCM},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1999},
-  volume = {29},
-  pages = {2945-2961},
-  number = {11},
-  abstract = {Numerous numerical simulations of basin-scale ocean circulation display
+	Author = {Killworth, P. D. and Stainforth, D. and Webb, D. J. and Paterson, S. M.},
+	Date = {September 01, 1991},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Number = {9},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1333--1348},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {The Development of a Free-Surface Bryan-Cox-Semtner Ocean Model},
+	Volume = {21},
+	Year = {1991}}
+
+@article{Kolmogorov1942,
+	Author = {A. N. Kolmogorov},
+	Journal = {Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Fiz.},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {56-58},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {The equation of turbulent motion in an incompressible fluid},
+	Volume = {6},
+	Year = {1942}}
+
+@phdthesis{Levy1996,
+	Author = {M. L\'{e}vy},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	School = {Universit\'{e} Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France, 207pp},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Mod\'{e}lisation des processus biog\'{e}ochimiques en M\'{e}diterran\'{e}e nord-occidentale. Cycle saisonnier et variabilit\'{e} m\'{e}so\'{e}chelle},
+	Year = {1996}}
+
+@article{Levy2001,
+	Author = {M. L\'{e}vy and A. Estubier and G Madec},
+	Journal = GRL,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Choice of an advection scheme for biogeochemical models},
+	Volume = {28},
+	Year = {2001}}
+
+@article{Levy1998,
+	Author = {M. L\'{e}vy and L. M\'{e}mery and G. Madec},
+	Journal = JMS,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.10},
+	Title = {The onset of a bloom after deep winter convection in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea: mesoscale process study with a primitive equation model},
+	Volume = {16/1-2},
+	Year = {1998}}
+
+@book{LargeYeager2004,
+	Author = {W. Large and S. Yeager},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Publisher = {NCAR Technical Note, NCAR/TN-460+STR, CGD Division of the National Center for Atmospheric Research},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {Diurnal to decadal global forcing for ocean and sea-ice models: the data sets and flux climatologies},
+	Year = {2004}}
+
+@article{Large_al_RG94,
+	Author = {W. G. Large and J. C. McWilliams and S. C. Doney},
+	Doi = {10.1029/94RG01872},
+	Journal = {Reviews of Geophysics},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {363-404},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Oceanic vertical mixing - a review and a model with a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization},
+	Volume = {32},
+	Year = {1994},
+	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94RG01872}}
+
+@phdthesis{Lazar1997,
+	Author = {A. Lazar},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	School = {Universit\'{e} Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France, 200pp},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {La branche froide de la circulation thermohaline - sensibilit\'{e} \`{a} la diffusion turbulente dans un mod\`{e}le de circulation g\'{e}n\'{e}rale id\'{e}alis\'{e}e},
+	Year = {1997}}
+
+@article{Lazar1999,
+	Abstract = {Numerous numerical simulations of basin-scale ocean circulation display
 	a vast interior downwelling and a companion intense western boundary
 	layer upwelling at midlatitude below the thermocline. These features,
@@ -1251,189 +1119,155 @@
 	heat fluxes results in a very different effective circulation, which
 	is the one felt by tracers.},
-  date = {November 01, 1999},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Lengaigne_al_JGR03,
-  author = {M. Lengaigne and G. Madec and G. Alory and C. Menkes},
-  title = {Sensitivity of the tropical Pacific Ocean to isopycnal diffusion
-	on tracer and dynamics},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {2003},
-  volume = {108 (C11)},
-  pages = {3345, doi:10.1029/2002JC001704},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.01.26}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Leonard1991,
-  author = {B. P. Leonard},
-  title = {The ULTIMATE conservative difference scheme applied to unsteady one--dimensional
-	advection},
-  journal = {Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering},
-  year = {1991},
-  pages = {17-74},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@TECHREPORT{Leonard1988,
-  author = {B. P. Leonard},
-  title = {Universal limiter for transient interpolation modelling of the advective
-	transport equations},
-  institution = {Technical Memorandum TM-100916 ICOMP-88-11, NASA},
-  year = {1988},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Leonard1979,
-  author = {B. P. Leonard},
-  title = {A stable and accurate convective modelling procedure based on quadratic
-	upstream interpolation},
-  journal = {Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering},
-  year = {1979},
-  volume = {19},
-  pages = {59-98},
-  month = jun,
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@TECHREPORT{Levier2007,
-  author = {B. Levier and A.-M. Tr\'{e}guier and G. Madec and V. Garnier},
-  title = {Free surface and variable volume in the NEMO code},
-  institution = {MERSEA MERSEA IP report WP09-CNRS-STR-03-1A, 47pp, available on the
-	NEMO web site},
-  year = {2007},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@BOOK{levitus82,
-  title = {Climatological Atlas of the world ocean},
-  publisher = {NOAA professional paper No. 13, 174pp},
-  year = {1982},
-  author = {S Levitus },
-  note = {173 p.}
-}
-
-@TECHREPORT{Lott1989,
-  author = {F. Lott and G. Madec},
-  title = {Implementation of bottom topography in the Ocean General Circulation
-	Model OPA of the LODYC: formalism and experiments.},
-  institution = {LODYC, France, 36pp.},
-  year = {1989},
-  number = {3},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Lott1990,
-  author = {F. Lott and G. Madec and J. Verron},
-  title = {Topographic experiments in an Ocean General Circulation Model},
-  journal = {Ocean Modelling},
-  year = {1990},
-  volume = {88},
-  pages = {1-4},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@BOOK{Madec_Bk08,
-  title = {NEMO ocean engine},
-  publisher = {Note du P\^ole de mod\'{e}lisation, Institut Pierre- 
-	
-	Simon Laplace (IPSL), France, No 27, ISSN No 1288-1619},
-  year = {2008},
-  author = {G. Madec},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.07.05}
-}
-
-@PHDTHESIS{Madec1990,
-  author = {G. Madec},
-  title = {La formation d'eau profonde et son impact sur la circulation r\'{e}gionale
-	en M\'{e}diterran\'{e}e Occidentale - une approche num\'{e}rique},
-  school = {Universit\'{e}Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France, 194pp.},
-  year = {1990},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.10}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Madec1991a,
-  author = {G. Madec and M. Chartier and M. Cr\'{e}pon},
-  title = {Effect of thermohaline forcing variability on deep water formation
-	in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea - a high resulution three-dimensional
-	study},
-  journal = DAO,
-  year = {1991},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Madec1991b,
-  author = {G. Madec and M. Chartier and P. Delecluse and M. Cr\'{e}pon},
-  title = {A three-dimensional numerical study of deep water formation in the
-	
-	
-	Northwestern Mediterranean Sea .},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1991},
-  volume = {21},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@INBOOK{Madec1991c,
-  chapter = {Thermohaline-driven deep water formation in the Northwestern Mediterranean
-	Sea},
-  title = {Deep convection and deep water formation in the oceans},
-  publisher = {Elsevier Oceanographic Series},
-  year = {1991},
-  author = {G. Madec and M. Cr\'{e}pon},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Madec1997,
-  author = {G. Madec and P. Delecluse},
-  title = {The OPA/ARPEGE and OPA/LMD Global Ocean-Atmosphere Coupled Model},
-  journal = {Int. WOCE Newsletter},
-  year = {1997},
-  volume = {26},
-  pages = {12-15},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@TECHREPORT{Madec1998,
-  author = {G. Madec and P. Delecluse and M. Imbard and C. Levy},
-  title = {OPA 8 Ocean General Circulation Model - Reference Manual},
-  institution = {LODYC/IPSL Note 11},
-  year = {1998}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{MadecImb1996,
-  author = {G Madec and M Imbard},
-  title = {A global ocean mesh to overcome the north pole singularity},
-  journal = CD,
-  year = {1996},
-  volume = {12},
-  pages = {381-388}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Madec1996,
-  author = {G. Madec and F. Lott and P. Delecluse and M. Cr\'{e}pon},
-  title = {Large-Scale Preconditioning of Deep-Water Formation in the Northwestern
-	Mediterranean Sea},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1996},
-  volume = {26},
-  pages = {1393-1408},
-  number = {8},
-  month = aug,
-  abstract = {The large-scale processes preconditioning the winter deep-water formation
+	Author = {A. Lazar and G. Madec and P. Delecluse},
+	Date = {November 01, 1999},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Number = {11},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {2945-2961},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {The Deep Interior Downwelling, the Veronis Effect, and Mesoscale Tracer Transport Parameterizations in an OGCM},
+	Volume = {29},
+	Year = {1999}}
+
+@article{Lengaigne_al_JGR03,
+	Author = {M. Lengaigne and G. Madec and G. Alory and C. Menkes},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {3345, doi:10.1029/2002JC001704},
+	Timestamp = {2008.01.26},
+	Title = {Sensitivity of the tropical Pacific Ocean to isopycnal diffusion on tracer and dynamics},
+	Volume = {108 (C11)},
+	Year = {2003}}
+
+@article{Leonard1991,
+	Author = {B. P. Leonard},
+	Journal = {Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {17-74},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {The ULTIMATE conservative difference scheme applied to unsteady one--dimensional advection},
+	Year = {1991}}
+
+@techreport{Leonard1988,
+	Author = {B. P. Leonard},
+	Institution = {Technical Memorandum TM-100916 ICOMP-88-11, NASA},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Universal limiter for transient interpolation modelling of the advective transport equations},
+	Year = {1988}}
+
+@article{Leonard1979,
+	Author = {B. P. Leonard},
+	Journal = {Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering},
+	Month = jun,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {59-98},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {A stable and accurate convective modelling procedure based on quadratic upstream interpolation},
+	Volume = {19},
+	Year = {1979}}
+
+@techreport{Levier2007,
+	Author = {B. Levier and A.-M. Tr\'{e}guier and G. Madec and V. Garnier},
+	Institution = {MERSEA MERSEA IP report WP09-CNRS-STR-03-1A, 47pp, available on the NEMO web site},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Free surface and variable volume in the NEMO code},
+	Year = {2007}}
+
+@book{levitus82,
+	Author = {S Levitus},
+	Note = {173 p.},
+	Publisher = {NOAA professional paper No. 13, 174pp},
+	Title = {Climatological Atlas of the world ocean},
+	Year = {1982}}
+
+@techreport{Lott1989,
+	Author = {F. Lott and G. Madec},
+	Institution = {LODYC, France, 36pp.},
+	Number = {3},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Implementation of bottom topography in the Ocean General Circulation Model OPA of the LODYC: formalism and experiments.},
+	Year = {1989}}
+
+@article{Lott1990,
+	Author = {F. Lott and G. Madec and J. Verron},
+	Journal = {Ocean Modelling},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1-4},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Topographic experiments in an Ocean General Circulation Model},
+	Volume = {88},
+	Year = {1990}}
+
+@book{Madec_Bk08,
+	Author = {G. Madec},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Publisher = {Note du P\^ole de mod\'{e}lisation, Institut Pierre- Simon Laplace (IPSL), France, No 27, ISSN No 1288-1619},
+	Timestamp = {2008.07.05},
+	Title = {NEMO ocean engine},
+	Year = {2008}}
+
+@phdthesis{Madec1990,
+	Author = {G. Madec},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	School = {Universit\'{e}Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France, 194pp.},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.10},
+	Title = {La formation d'eau profonde et son impact sur la circulation r\'{e}gionale en M\'{e}diterran\'{e}e Occidentale - une approche num\'{e}rique},
+	Year = {1990}}
+
+@article{Madec1991a,
+	Author = {G. Madec and M. Chartier and M. Cr\'{e}pon},
+	Journal = DAO,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {Effect of thermohaline forcing variability on deep water formation in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea - a high resulution three-dimensional study},
+	Year = {1991}}
+
+@article{Madec1991b,
+	Author = {G. Madec and M. Chartier and P. Delecluse and M. Cr\'{e}pon},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {A three-dimensional numerical study of deep water formation in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea .},
+	Volume = {21},
+	Year = {1991}}
+
+@inbook{Madec1991c,
+	Author = {G. Madec and M. Cr\'{e}pon},
+	Chapter = {Thermohaline-driven deep water formation in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Publisher = {Elsevier Oceanographic Series},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {Deep convection and deep water formation in the oceans},
+	Year = {1991}}
+
+@article{Madec1997,
+	Author = {G. Madec and P. Delecluse},
+	Journal = {Int. WOCE Newsletter},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {12-15},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {The OPA/ARPEGE and OPA/LMD Global Ocean-Atmosphere Coupled Model},
+	Volume = {26},
+	Year = {1997}}
+
+@techreport{Madec1998,
+	Author = {G. Madec and P. Delecluse and M. Imbard and C. Levy},
+	Institution = {LODYC/IPSL Note 11},
+	Title = {OPA 8 Ocean General Circulation Model - Reference Manual},
+	Year = {1998}}
+
+@article{MadecImb1996,
+	Author = {G Madec and M Imbard},
+	Journal = CD,
+	Pages = {381-388},
+	Title = {A global ocean mesh to overcome the north pole singularity},
+	Volume = {12},
+	Year = {1996}}
+
+@article{Madec1996,
+	Abstract = {The large-scale processes preconditioning the winter deep-water formation
 	in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea are investigated with a primitive
 	equation numerical model where convection is parameterized by a non-penetrative
@@ -1463,85 +1297,71 @@
 	due to its permanency, while the latter may be too sensitive to time
 	and space variations of the forcing.},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Madec1988,
-  author = {G. Madec and C. Rahier and M. Chartier},
-  title = {A comparison of two-dimensional elliptic solvers for the barotropic
-	streamfunction in a multilevel OGCM},
-  journal = {Ocean Modelling},
-  year = {1988},
-  volume = {78},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.10}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Maltrud1998,
-  author = {M. E. Maltrud and R. D. Smith and A. J. Semtner and R. C. Malone},
-  title = {Global eddy-resolving ocean simulations driven by 1985-1995 atmospheric
-	winds},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {1998},
-  volume = {103(C13)},
-  pages = {30,825-30,854},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.05}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Marchesiello2001,
-  author = { P. Marchesiello and J. Mc Williams and A. Shchepetkin },
-  title = {Open boundary conditions for long-term integrations of Regional Oceanic
-	Models},
-  journal = {Ocean Modelling},
-  year = {2001},
-  volume = {3},
-  pages = {1-20}
-}
-
-@BOOK{MIT-GCM_2004,
-  title = {MIT-gcm User Manual},
-  year = {2004},
-  editor = {MIT Department of EAPS},
-  author = {J. Marshall and A. Adcroft and J.-M. Campin and P. Heimbach and A.
-	Molod and S. Dutkiewicz and H. Hill and M. Losch and B. Fox-Kemper
-	and D. Menemenlis and D. Ferreira and E. Hill and M. Follows and
-	C. Hill and C. Evangelinos and G. Forget},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.07.04}
-}
-
-@PHDTHESIS{MartiTh1992,
-  author = {O. Marti},
-  title = {Etude de l'oc\'{e}an mondial : mod\'{e}lisation de la circulation
-	et du transport de traceurs anthropog\'{e}niques},
-  school = {Universit\'{e} Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France, 201pp},
-  year = {1992},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Marti1992,
-  author = {O. Marti and G. Madec and P. Delecluse},
-  title = {Comment on "Net diffusivity in ocean general circulation models with
-	nonuniform grids" by F. L. Yin and I. Y. Fung},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {1992},
-  volume = {97},
-  pages = {12763-12766},
-  month = aug,
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{McDougall1987,
-  author = {T. J. McDougall},
-  title = {Neutral Surfaces},
-  journal = {Journal of Physical Oceanography},
-  year = {1987},
-  volume = {17},
-  pages = {1950-1964},
-  number = {11},
-  abstract = {Scalar properties in the ocean are stirred (and subsequently mixed)
+	Author = {G. Madec and F. Lott and P. Delecluse and M. Cr\'{e}pon},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Month = aug,
+	Number = {8},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1393-1408},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Large-Scale Preconditioning of Deep-Water Formation in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea},
+	Volume = {26},
+	Year = {1996}}
+
+@article{Madec1988,
+	Author = {G. Madec and C. Rahier and M. Chartier},
+	Journal = {Ocean Modelling},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.10},
+	Title = {A comparison of two-dimensional elliptic solvers for the barotropic streamfunction in a multilevel OGCM},
+	Volume = {78},
+	Year = {1988}}
+
+@article{Maltrud1998,
+	Author = {M. E. Maltrud and R. D. Smith and A. J. Semtner and R. C. Malone},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {30,825-30,854},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.05},
+	Title = {Global eddy-resolving ocean simulations driven by 1985-1995 atmospheric winds},
+	Volume = {103(C13)},
+	Year = {1998}}
+
+@article{Marchesiello2001,
+	Author = {P. Marchesiello and J. Mc Williams and A. Shchepetkin},
+	Journal = {Ocean Modelling},
+	Pages = {1-20},
+	Title = {Open boundary conditions for long-term integrations of Regional Oceanic Models},
+	Volume = {3},
+	Year = {2001}}
+
+@book{MIT-GCM_2004,
+	Author = {J. Marshall and A. Adcroft and J.-M. Campin and P. Heimbach and A. Molod and S. Dutkiewicz and H. Hill and M. Losch and B. Fox-Kemper and D. Menemenlis and D. Ferreira and E. Hill and M. Follows and C. Hill and C. Evangelinos and G. Forget},
+	Editor = {MIT Department of EAPS},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2008.07.04},
+	Title = {MIT-gcm User Manual},
+	Year = {2004}}
+
+@phdthesis{MartiTh1992,
+	Author = {O. Marti},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	School = {Universit\'{e} Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France, 201pp},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Etude de l'oc\'{e}an mondial : mod\'{e}lisation de la circulation et du transport de traceurs anthropog\'{e}niques},
+	Year = {1992}}
+
+@article{Marti1992,
+	Author = {O. Marti and G. Madec and P. Delecluse},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Month = aug,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {12763-12766},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Comment on "Net diffusivity in ocean general circulation models with nonuniform grids" by F. L. Yin and I. Y. Fung},
+	Volume = {97},
+	Year = {1992}}
+
+@article{McDougall1987,
+	Abstract = {Scalar properties in the ocean are stirred (and subsequently mixed)
 	rather efficiently by mesoscale eddies and two-dimensional turbulence
 	along &#8220;neutral surfaces&#8221;, defined such that when water
@@ -1567,30 +1387,27 @@
 	surface. Three-examples of neutral surfaces are presented, based
 	on the Levitus atlas of the North Atlantic.},
-  date = {November 01, 1987},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{McDougall_Taylor_JMR84,
-  author = {T. J. McDougall and J. R. Taylor},
-  title = {Flux measurements across a finger interface at low values of the
-	stability ratio},
-  journal = {Journal of Marine Research},
-  year = {1984},
-  volume = {42},
-  pages = {1-14},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.05.20}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Merryfield1999,
-  author = {W. J. Merryfield and G. Holloway and A. E. Gargett},
-  title = {A Global Ocean Model with Double-Diffusive Mixing},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1999},
-  volume = {29},
-  pages = {1124-1142},
-  number = {6},
-  abstract = {A global ocean model is described in which parameterizations of diapycnal
+	Author = {T. J. McDougall},
+	Date = {November 01, 1987},
+	Journal = {Journal of Physical Oceanography},
+	Number = {11},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1950-1964},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Neutral Surfaces},
+	Volume = {17},
+	Year = {1987}}
+
+@article{McDougall_Taylor_JMR84,
+	Author = {T. J. McDougall and J. R. Taylor},
+	Journal = {Journal of Marine Research},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1-14},
+	Timestamp = {2008.05.20},
+	Title = {Flux measurements across a finger interface at low values of the stability ratio},
+	Volume = {42},
+	Year = {1984}}
+
+@article{Merryfield1999,
+	Abstract = {A global ocean model is described in which parameterizations of diapycnal
 	mixing by double-diffusive fingering and layering are added to a
 	stability-dependent background turbulent diffusivity. Model runs
@@ -1603,51 +1420,45 @@
 	mixing leads to relatively minor changes in circulation but exerts
 	significant regional influences on temperature and salinity.},
-  date = {June 01, 1999},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@BOOK{Mesinger_Arakawa_Bk76,
-  title = {Numerical methods used in Atmospheric models},
-  publisher = {GARP Publication Series No 17},
-  year = {1976},
-  author = {F. Mesinger and A. Arakawa},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.02.09}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Murray1996,
-  author = {R. J. Murray},
-  title = {Explicit Generation of Orthogonal Grids for Ocean Models},
-  journal = JCP,
-  year = {1996},
-  volume = {126},
-  pages = {251-273},
-  number = {2},
-  month = {July},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@PHDTHESIS{OlivierPh2001,
-  author = {F. Olivier},
-  title = {Etude de l'activit\'{e} biologique et de la circulation oc\'{e}anique
-	dans un jet g\'{e}ostrophique: le front Alm\'{e}ria-Oran},
-  school = {Universit\'{e} Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France},
-  year = {2001},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.14}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{PacPhil1981,
-  author = {R.C. Pacanowski and S.G.H. Philander},
-  title = {Parameterization of Vertical Mixing in Numerical Models of Tropical
-	Oceans},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1981},
-  volume = {11},
-  pages = {1443-1451},
-  number = {11},
-  abstract = {Measurements indicate that mixing processes are intense in the surface
+	Author = {W. J. Merryfield and G. Holloway and A. E. Gargett},
+	Date = {June 01, 1999},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Number = {6},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1124-1142},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {A Global Ocean Model with Double-Diffusive Mixing},
+	Volume = {29},
+	Year = {1999}}
+
+@book{Mesinger_Arakawa_Bk76,
+	Author = {F. Mesinger and A. Arakawa},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Publisher = {GARP Publication Series No 17},
+	Timestamp = {2008.02.09},
+	Title = {Numerical methods used in Atmospheric models},
+	Year = {1976}}
+
+@article{Murray1996,
+	Author = {R. J. Murray},
+	Journal = JCP,
+	Month = {July},
+	Number = {2},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {251-273},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Explicit Generation of Orthogonal Grids for Ocean Models},
+	Volume = {126},
+	Year = {1996}}
+
+@phdthesis{OlivierPh2001,
+	Author = {F. Olivier},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	School = {Universit\'{e} Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.14},
+	Title = {Etude de l'activit\'{e} biologique et de la circulation oc\'{e}anique dans un jet g\'{e}ostrophique: le front Alm\'{e}ria-Oran},
+	Year = {2001}}
+
+@article{PacPhil1981,
+	Abstract = {Measurements indicate that mixing processes are intense in the surface
 	layers of the ocean but weak below the thermocline, except for the
 	region below the core of the Equatorial Undercurrent where vertical
@@ -1663,32 +1474,27 @@
 	surface boundary condition, the results are relatively insensitive
 	to values assigned to constants in the parameterization formula.},
-  date = {November 01, 1981},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Pacanowski_Gnanadesikan_MWR98,
-  author = {R. C. Pacanowski and A. Gnanadesikan},
-  title = {Transient response in a z-level ocean model that resolves topography
-	
-	
-	with partial-cells},
-  journal = MWR,
-  year = {1998},
-  volume = {126},
-  pages = {3248-3270},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.01.26}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Paulson1977,
-  author = {C. A. Paulson and J. J. Simpson},
-  title = {Irradiance Measurements in the Upper Ocean},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1977},
-  volume = {7},
-  pages = {952-956},
-  number = {6},
-  abstract = {Observations were made of downward solar radiation as a function of
+	Author = {R.C. Pacanowski and S.G.H. Philander},
+	Date = {November 01, 1981},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Number = {11},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1443-1451},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Parameterization of Vertical Mixing in Numerical Models of Tropical Oceans},
+	Volume = {11},
+	Year = {1981}}
+
+@article{Pacanowski_Gnanadesikan_MWR98,
+	Author = {R. C. Pacanowski and A. Gnanadesikan},
+	Journal = MWR,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {3248-3270},
+	Timestamp = {2008.01.26},
+	Title = {Transient response in a z-level ocean model that resolves topography with partial-cells},
+	Volume = {126},
+	Year = {1998}}
+
+@article{Paulson1977,
+	Abstract = {Observations were made of downward solar radiation as a function of
 	depth during an experiment in the North Pacific (35&#176;N, 155&#176;W).
 	The irradiance meter employed was sensitive to solar radiation of
@@ -1710,118 +1516,101 @@
 	are neglected. Parameters R, &#950;1, and &#950;2 are computed for
 	the entire range of oceanic water types.},
-  date = {November 01, 1977},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Penduff2000,
-  author = {T. Penduff and B. Barnier and A. Colin de Verdi\`{e}re},
-  title = { Self-adapting open boundaries for a regional model of the eastern
-	North Atlantic},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {2000},
-  volume = {105},
-  pages = {11,279-11,297}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Penduff2007,
-  author = {T. Penduff and J. Le Sommer and B. Barnier and A.M. Treguier and
-	J. Molines and G. Madec},
-  title = {Influence of numerical schemes on current-topography interactions
-	in 1/4$^{\circ}$ global ocean simulations},
-  journal = {Ocean Science},
-  year = {2007},
-  volume = {?},
-  pages = {in revision}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Phillips1959,
-  author = {R. S. Phillips},
-  title = {Dissipative Operators and Hyperbolic Systems of Partial Differential
-	Equations},
-  journal = {Transactions of the American Mathematical Society},
-  year = {1959},
-  volume = {90(2)},
-  pages = {193-254},
-  doi = {doi:10.2307/1993202},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.10}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Redi_JPO82,
-  author = {M. H. Redi},
-  title = {Oceanic isopycnal mixing by coordinate rotation},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1982},
-  volume = {13},
-  pages = {1154-1158},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.02.02}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Reverdin1991,
-  author = {G. Reverdin and P. Delecluse and C. L\'{e}vy and P. Andrich and A.
-	Morli\`{e}re and J. M. Verstraete},
-  title = {The near surface tropical Atlantic in 1982-1984 : results from a
-	numerical simulation and a data analysis},
-  journal = PO,
-  year = {1991},
-  volume = {27},
-  pages = {273-340},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@BOOK{Richtmyer1967,
-  title = {Difference methods for initial-value problems},
-  publisher = {Interscience Publisher, Second Edition, 405pp},
-  year = {1967},
-  author = {R. D. Richtmyer and K. W. Morton},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Robert1966,
-  author = {A. J. Robert},
-  title = {The integration of a Low order spectral form of the primitive meteorological
-	equations},
-  journal = {J. Meteo. Soc. Japan},
-  year = {1966},
-  volume = {44, 2},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@INCOLLECTION{Roed1986,
-  author = {L.P. Roed and C.K. Cooper},
-  title = {Open boundary conditions in numerical ocean models},
-  booktitle = {Advanced Physical Oceanography Numerical Modelling},
-  publisher = { NATO ASI Series, vol. 186.},
-  year = {1986},
-  editor = {J.J. O'Brien}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Roullet2000,
-  author = {G. Roullet and G. Madec},
-  title = {salt conservation, free surface, and varying levels: a new formulation
-	for ocean general circulation models},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {2000},
-  volume = {105},
-  pages = {23,927-23,942},
-  owner = {sandra},
-  pdf = {Roullet_Madec_JGR00.pdf},
-  timestamp = {2007.03.22}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Sadourny1975,
-  author = {R. Sadourny},
-  title = {The Dynamics of Finite-Difference Models of the Shallow-Water Equations},
-  journal = JAS,
-  year = {1975},
-  volume = {32},
-  pages = {680-689},
-  number = {4},
-  abstract = {Two simple numerical models of the shallow-water equations identical
+	Author = {C. A. Paulson and J. J. Simpson},
+	Date = {November 01, 1977},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Number = {6},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {952-956},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Irradiance Measurements in the Upper Ocean},
+	Volume = {7},
+	Year = {1977}}
+
+@article{Penduff2000,
+	Author = {T. Penduff and B. Barnier and A. Colin de Verdi\`{e}re},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Pages = {11,279-11,297},
+	Title = {Self-adapting open boundaries for a regional model of the eastern North Atlantic},
+	Volume = {105},
+	Year = {2000}}
+
+@article{Penduff2007,
+	Author = {T. Penduff and J. Le Sommer and B. Barnier and A.M. Treguier and J. Molines and G. Madec},
+	Journal = {Ocean Science},
+	Pages = {in revision},
+	Title = {Influence of numerical schemes on current-topography interactions in 1/4$^{\circ}$ global ocean simulations},
+	Volume = {?},
+	Year = {2007}}
+
+@article{Phillips1959,
+	Author = {R. S. Phillips},
+	Doi = {doi:10.2307/1993202},
+	Journal = {Transactions of the American Mathematical Society},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {193-254},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.10},
+	Title = {Dissipative Operators and Hyperbolic Systems of Partial Differential Equations},
+	Volume = {90(2)},
+	Year = {1959},
+	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1993202}}
+
+@article{Redi_JPO82,
+	Author = {M. H. Redi},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1154-1158},
+	Timestamp = {2008.02.02},
+	Title = {Oceanic isopycnal mixing by coordinate rotation},
+	Volume = {13},
+	Year = {1982}}
+
+@article{Reverdin1991,
+	Author = {G. Reverdin and P. Delecluse and C. L\'{e}vy and P. Andrich and A. Morli\`{e}re and J. M. Verstraete},
+	Journal = PO,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {273-340},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {The near surface tropical Atlantic in 1982-1984 : results from a numerical simulation and a data analysis},
+	Volume = {27},
+	Year = {1991}}
+
+@book{Richtmyer1967,
+	Author = {R. D. Richtmyer and K. W. Morton},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Publisher = {Interscience Publisher, Second Edition, 405pp},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Difference methods for initial-value problems},
+	Year = {1967}}
+
+@article{Robert1966,
+	Author = {A. J. Robert},
+	Journal = {J. Meteo. Soc. Japan},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {The integration of a Low order spectral form of the primitive meteorological equations},
+	Volume = {44, 2},
+	Year = {1966}}
+
+@incollection{Roed1986,
+	Author = {L.P. Roed and C.K. Cooper},
+	Booktitle = {Advanced Physical Oceanography Numerical Modelling},
+	Editor = {J.J. O'Brien},
+	Publisher = {NATO ASI Series, vol. 186.},
+	Title = {Open boundary conditions in numerical ocean models},
+	Year = {1986}}
+
+@article{Roullet2000,
+	Author = {G. Roullet and G. Madec},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Owner = {sandra},
+	Pages = {23,927-23,942},
+	Pdf = {Roullet_Madec_JGR00.pdf},
+	Timestamp = {2007.03.22},
+	Title = {salt conservation, free surface, and varying levels: a new formulation for ocean general circulation models},
+	Volume = {105},
+	Year = {2000}}
+
+@article{Sadourny1975,
+	Abstract = {Two simple numerical models of the shallow-water equations identical
 	in all respects but for their con-servation properties have been
 	tested regarding their internal mixing processes. The experiments
@@ -1836,56 +1625,47 @@
 	as well as a possible influence of the energy mixing on the process
 	of adjustment toward balanced flow.},
-  date = {April 01, 1975},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.05}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Sarmiento1982,
-  author = {J. L. Sarmiento and K. Bryan},
-  title = {Ocean transport model for the North Atlantic},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {1982},
-  volume = {87},
-  pages = {394-409},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Sacha2005,
-  author = {A. F. Shchepetkin and J. C. McWilliams},
-  title = {The regional oceanic modeling system (ROMS) - a split-explicit, free-surface,
-	topography-following-coordinate oceanic modelr},
-  journal = {Ocean Modelling},
-  year = {2005},
-  volume = {9, 4},
-  pages = {347-404},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Sacha2003,
-  author = {A. F. Shchepetkin and J. C. McWilliams},
-  title = {A method for computing horizontal pressure-gradient force in an oceanic
-	model with a nonaligned 
-	
-	vertical coordinate},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {2003},
-  volume = {108(C3)},
-  pages = {3090, doi:10.1029/2001JC001047},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.05}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Shchepetkin1996,
-  author = {A. F. Shchepetkin and J. J. O'Brien},
-  title = {A Physically Consistent Formulation of Lateral Friction in Shallow-Water
-	Equation Ocean Models},
-  journal = MWR,
-  year = {1996},
-  volume = {124},
-  pages = {1285-1300},
-  number = {6},
-  abstract = {Dissipation in numerical ocean models has two purposes: to simulate
+	Author = {R. Sadourny},
+	Date = {April 01, 1975},
+	Journal = JAS,
+	Number = {4},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {680-689},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.05},
+	Title = {The Dynamics of Finite-Difference Models of the Shallow-Water Equations},
+	Volume = {32},
+	Year = {1975}}
+
+@article{Sarmiento1982,
+	Author = {J. L. Sarmiento and K. Bryan},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {394-409},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Ocean transport model for the North Atlantic},
+	Volume = {87},
+	Year = {1982}}
+
+@article{Sacha2005,
+	Author = {A. F. Shchepetkin and J. C. McWilliams},
+	Journal = {Ocean Modelling},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {347-404},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {The regional oceanic modeling system (ROMS) - a split-explicit, free-surface, topography-following-coordinate oceanic modelr},
+	Volume = {9, 4},
+	Year = {2005}}
+
+@article{Sacha2003,
+	Author = {A. F. Shchepetkin and J. C. McWilliams},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {3090, doi:10.1029/2001JC001047},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.05},
+	Title = {A method for computing horizontal pressure-gradient force in an oceanic model with a nonaligned vertical coordinate},
+	Volume = {108(C3)},
+	Year = {2003}}
+
+@article{Shchepetkin1996,
+	Abstract = {Dissipation in numerical ocean models has two purposes: to simulate
 	processes in which the friction is physically relevant and to prevent
 	numerical instability by suppressing accumulation of energy in the
@@ -1911,18 +1691,17 @@
 	momentum equations, allowing for approximation of them without decrease
 	in the order of accuracy near the boundary.},
-  date = {June 01, 1996},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.14}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Simmons2003,
-  author = {H. L. Simmons and S. R. Jayne and L. C. St. Laurent and A. J. Weaver},
-  title = {Tidally driven mixing in a numerical model of the
-	
-	ocean general circulation},
-  journal = OM,
-  year = {2003},
-  pages = {1-19},
-  abstract = {Astronomical data reveals that approximately 3.5 terawatts (TW) of
+	Author = {A. F. Shchepetkin and J. J. O'Brien},
+	Date = {June 01, 1996},
+	Journal = MWR,
+	Number = {6},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1285-1300},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.14},
+	Title = {A Physically Consistent Formulation of Lateral Friction in Shallow-Water Equation Ocean Models},
+	Volume = {124},
+	Year = {1996}}
+
+@article{Simmons2003,
+	Abstract = {Astronomical data reveals that approximately 3.5 terawatts (TW) of
 	tidal energy is dissipated in the
 	
@@ -1965,32 +1744,24 @@
 	Climatological comparisons show that the parameterized mixing scheme
 	results in a substantial reduction},
-  owner = {sandra},
-  pdf = {Simmons_mixing_OM2003.pdf},
-  timestamp = {2007.03.22}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Song1994,
-  author = {Y. Song and D. Haidvogel},
-  title = {A Semi-implicit Ocean Circulation Model Using a Generalized Topography-Following
-	Coordinate System
-	
-	Authors:},
-  journal = JCP,
-  year = {1994},
-  volume = {115, 1},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Song1998,
-  author = {Y. T. Song},
-  title = {A General Pressure Gradient Formulation for Ocean Models. Part I:
-	Scheme Design and Diagnostic Analysis},
-  journal = MWR,
-  year = {1998},
-  volume = {126},
-  pages = {3213-3230},
-  number = {12},
-  abstract = {A Jacobian formulation of the pressure gradient force for use in models
+	Author = {H. L. Simmons and S. R. Jayne and L. C. St. Laurent and A. J. Weaver},
+	Journal = OM,
+	Owner = {sandra},
+	Pages = {1-19},
+	Pdf = {Simmons_mixing_OM2003.pdf},
+	Timestamp = {2007.03.22},
+	Title = {Tidally driven mixing in a numerical model of the ocean general circulation},
+	Year = {2003}}
+
+@article{Song1994,
+	Author = {Y. Song and D. Haidvogel},
+	Journal = JCP,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {A Semi-implicit Ocean Circulation Model Using a Generalized Topography-Following Coordinate System Authors:},
+	Volume = {115, 1},
+	Year = {1994}}
+
+@article{Song1998,
+	Abstract = {A Jacobian formulation of the pressure gradient force for use in models
 	with topography-following coordinates is proposed. It can be used
 	in conjunction with any vertical coordinate system and is easily
@@ -2024,19 +1795,17 @@
 	this condition to be strongly violated, the weighted Jacobian may
 	give superior results.},
-  date = {December 01, 1998},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.05}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{SongWright1998,
-  author = {Y. T. Song and D. G. Wright},
-  title = {A General Pressure Gradient Formulation for Ocean Models. Part II
-	- Energy, Momentum, and Bottom Torque Consistency},
-  journal = MWR,
-  year = {1998},
-  volume = {126},
-  pages = {3231-3247},
-  number = {12},
-  abstract = {A new formulation of the pressure gradient force for use in models
+	Author = {Y. T. Song},
+	Date = {December 01, 1998},
+	Journal = MWR,
+	Number = {12},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {3213-3230},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.05},
+	Title = {A General Pressure Gradient Formulation for Ocean Models. Part I: Scheme Design and Diagnostic Analysis},
+	Volume = {126},
+	Year = {1998}}
+
+@article{SongWright1998,
+	Abstract = {A new formulation of the pressure gradient force for use in models
 	with topography-following coordinates is proposed and diagnostically
 	analyzed in Part I. Here, it is shown that important properties of
@@ -2066,40 +1835,34 @@
 	transport in the western boundary currents due to the bottom pressure
 	torque.},
-  date = {December 01, 1998},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.05}
-}
-
-@PHDTHESIS{Speich1992,
-  author = {S. Speich},
-  title = {Etude du for\c{c}age de la circulation g\'{e}n\'{e}rale oc\'{e}anique
-	par les d\'{e}troits - cas de la mer d'Alboran},
-  school = {Universit\'{e} Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France},
-  year = {1992},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Speich1996,
-  author = {S. Speich and G. Madec and M. Cr\'{e}pon},
-  title = {The circulation in the Alboran Sea - a sensitivity study},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1996},
-  volume = {26},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Steele2001,
-  author = {M. Steele and R. Morley and W. Ermold},
-  title = {PHC- A Global Ocean Hydrography with a High-Quality Arctic Ocean},
-  journal = {Journal of Climate},
-  year = {2001},
-  volume = {14},
-  pages = {2079--2087
-	
-	},
-  number = {9},
-  abstract = {A new gridded ocean climatology, the Polar Science Center Hydrographic
+	Author = {Y. T. Song and D. G. Wright},
+	Date = {December 01, 1998},
+	Journal = MWR,
+	Number = {12},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {3231-3247},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.05},
+	Title = {A General Pressure Gradient Formulation for Ocean Models. Part II - Energy, Momentum, and Bottom Torque Consistency},
+	Volume = {126},
+	Year = {1998}}
+
+@phdthesis{Speich1992,
+	Author = {S. Speich},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	School = {Universit\'{e} Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {Etude du for\c{c}age de la circulation g\'{e}n\'{e}rale oc\'{e}anique par les d\'{e}troits - cas de la mer d'Alboran},
+	Year = {1992}}
+
+@article{Speich1996,
+	Author = {S. Speich and G. Madec and M. Cr\'{e}pon},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {The circulation in the Alboran Sea - a sensitivity study},
+	Volume = {26},
+	Year = {1996}}
+
+@article{Steele2001,
+	Abstract = {A new gridded ocean climatology, the Polar Science Center Hydrographic
 	Climatology (PHC), has been created that merges the 1998 version
 	of the World Ocean Atlas with the new regional Arctic Ocean Atlas.
@@ -2111,91 +1874,72 @@
 	resulting dataset are discussed, followed by a summary and discussion
 	of future plans.},
-  date = {May 01, 2001},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Stein1992,
-  author = {C. A. Stein and S. Stein},
-  title = {A model for the global variation in oceanic depth and heat flow with
-	lithospheric age},
-  journal = {Nature},
-  year = {1992},
-  volume = {359},
-  pages = {123-129},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Thiem2006,
-  author = {O. Thiem and J. Berntsen},
-  title = {Internal pressure errors in sigma-coordinate ocean models due to
-	anisotropy},
-  journal = {Ocean Modelling},
-  year = {2006},
-  volume = {12, 1-2},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.05}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Timmermann_al_OM05,
-  author = {R. Timmermann and H. Goosse and G. Madec and T. Fichefet, and C.
-	Ethe and V. Duli\`{e}re},
-  title = {On the representation of high latitude processes in the ORCA-LIM
-	global coupled 
-	
-	sea ice-ocean model.},
-  journal = {Ocean Modelling},
-  year = {2005},
-  volume = {8},
-  pages = {175–201},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.07.05}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Treguier1992,
-  author = {A.M. Tr\'{e}guier},
-  title = {Kinetic energy analysis of an eddy resolving, primitive equation
-	North Atlantic model},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {1992},
-  volume = {97},
-  pages = {687-701}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Treguier2001,
-  author = {A.M Tr\'{e}guier and B. Barnier and A.P. de Miranda and J.M. Molines
-	and N. Grima and M. Imbard and G. Madec and C. Messager and T. Reynaud
-	and S. Michel},
-  title = {An Eddy Permitting model of the Atlantic circulation: evaluating
-	open boundary conditions},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {2001},
-  volume = {106},
-  pages = {22115-22129}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Treguier1996,
-  author = {A.-M. Tr\'{e}guier and J. Dukowicz and K. Bryan},
-  title = {Properties of nonuniform grids used in ocean general circulation
-	models},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {1996},
-  volume = {101},
-  pages = {20877-20881},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Treguier1997,
-  author = {A. M. Tr\'{e}guier and I. M. Held and V. D. Larichev},
-  title = {Parameterization of Quasigeostrophic Eddies in Primitive Equation
-	Ocean Models},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1997},
-  volume = {27},
-  pages = {567-580},
-  number = {4},
-  abstract = {A parameterization of mesoscale eddy fluxes in the ocean should be
+	Author = {M. Steele and R. Morley and W. Ermold},
+	Date = {May 01, 2001},
+	Journal = {Journal of Climate},
+	Number = {9},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {2079--2087},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {PHC- A Global Ocean Hydrography with a High-Quality Arctic Ocean},
+	Volume = {14},
+	Year = {2001}}
+
+@article{Stein1992,
+	Author = {C. A. Stein and S. Stein},
+	Journal = {Nature},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {123-129},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {A model for the global variation in oceanic depth and heat flow with lithospheric age},
+	Volume = {359},
+	Year = {1992}}
+
+@article{Thiem2006,
+	Author = {O. Thiem and J. Berntsen},
+	Journal = {Ocean Modelling},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.05},
+	Title = {Internal pressure errors in sigma-coordinate ocean models due to anisotropy},
+	Volume = {12, 1-2},
+	Year = {2006}}
+
+@article{Timmermann_al_OM05,
+	Author = {R. Timmermann and H. Goosse and G. Madec and T. Fichefet, and C. Ethe and V. Duli\`{e}re},
+	Journal = {Ocean Modelling},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {175--201},
+	Timestamp = {2008.07.05},
+	Title = {On the representation of high latitude processes in the ORCA-LIM global coupled sea ice-ocean model.},
+	Volume = {8},
+	Year = {2005}}
+
+@article{Treguier1992,
+	Author = {A.M. Tr\'{e}guier},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Pages = {687-701},
+	Title = {Kinetic energy analysis of an eddy resolving, primitive equation North Atlantic model},
+	Volume = {97},
+	Year = {1992}}
+
+@article{Treguier2001,
+	Author = {A.M Tr\'{e}guier and B. Barnier and A.P. de Miranda and J.M. Molines and N. Grima and M. Imbard and G. Madec and C. Messager and T. Reynaud and S. Michel},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Pages = {22115-22129},
+	Title = {An Eddy Permitting model of the Atlantic circulation: evaluating open boundary conditions},
+	Volume = {106},
+	Year = {2001}}
+
+@article{Treguier1996,
+	Author = {A.-M. Tr\'{e}guier and J. Dukowicz and K. Bryan},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {20877-20881},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Properties of nonuniform grids used in ocean general circulation models},
+	Volume = {101},
+	Year = {1996}}
+
+@article{Treguier1997,
+	Abstract = {A parameterization of mesoscale eddy fluxes in the ocean should be
 	consistent with the fact that the ocean interior is nearly adiabatic.
 	Gent and McWilliams have described a framework in which this can
@@ -2209,81 +1953,68 @@
 	at the surface. Quasigeostrophic theory is used as a guide to the
 	simplest way of satisfying these constraints.},
-  date = {April 01, 1997},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.03}
-}
-
-@BOOK{UNESCO1983,
-  title = {Algorithms for computation of fundamental property of sea water},
-  publisher = {Techn. Paper in Mar. Sci, 44, UNESCO},
-  year = {1983},
-  author = {UNESCO},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@TECHREPORT{OASIS2006,
-  author = {S. Valcke},
-  title = {OASIS3 User Guide (prism\_2-5)},
-  institution = {PRISM Support Initiative Report No 3, CERFACS, Toulouse, France,
-	64 pp},
-  year = {2006},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.05}
-}
-
-@TECHREPORT{valal00,
-  author = {S. Valcke and L. Terray and A. Piacentini },
-  title = {The OASIS Coupled User Guide Version 2.4},
-  institution = {CERFACS},
-  year = {2000},
-  number = {TR/CMGC/00-10}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Vancoppenolle_al_OM08,
-  author = {M. Vancoppenolle and T. Fichefet and H. Goosse and S. Bouillon and
-	G. Madec and M. A. Morales Maqueda},
-  title = {Simulating the mass balance and salinity of Arctic and Antarctic
-	sea ice. 1. Model description and validation},
-  journal = {Ocean Modelling},
-  year = {2008},
-  volume = {in press},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2008.07.05}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Weatherly1984,
-  author = {G. L. Weatherly},
-  title = {An estimate of bottom frictional dissipation by Gulf Stream fluctuations},
-  journal = JMR,
-  year = {1984},
-  volume = {42, 2},
-  pages = {289-301},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Weaver1997,
-  author = {A. J. Weaver and M. Eby},
-  title = {On the numerical implementation of advection schemes for use in conjuction
-	with various mixing 
-	
-	parameterizations in the GFDL ocean model},
-  journal = JPO,
-  year = {1997},
-  volume = {27},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.06}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Webb1998,
-  author = {D. J. Webb and B. A. de Cuevas and C. S. Richmond},
-  title = {Improved Advection Schemes for Ocean Models},
-  journal = JAOT,
-  year = {1998},
-  volume = {15},
-  pages = {1171-1187},
-  number = {5},
-  abstract = {Leonard&#8217;s widely used QUICK advection scheme is, like the Bryan&#8211;Cox&#8211;Semtner
+	Author = {A. M. Tr\'{e}guier and I. M. Held and V. D. Larichev},
+	Date = {April 01, 1997},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Number = {4},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {567-580},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.03},
+	Title = {Parameterization of Quasigeostrophic Eddies in Primitive Equation Ocean Models},
+	Volume = {27},
+	Year = {1997}}
+
+@book{UNESCO1983,
+	Author = {UNESCO},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Publisher = {Techn. Paper in Mar. Sci, 44, UNESCO},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Algorithms for computation of fundamental property of sea water},
+	Year = {1983}}
+
+@techreport{OASIS2006,
+	Author = {S. Valcke},
+	Institution = {PRISM Support Initiative Report No 3, CERFACS, Toulouse, France, 64 pp},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.05},
+	Title = {OASIS3 User Guide (prism\_2-5)},
+	Year = {2006}}
+
+@techreport{valal00,
+	Author = {S. Valcke and L. Terray and A. Piacentini},
+	Institution = {CERFACS},
+	Number = {TR/CMGC/00-10},
+	Title = {The OASIS Coupled User Guide Version 2.4},
+	Year = {2000}}
+
+@article{Vancoppenolle_al_OM08,
+	Author = {M. Vancoppenolle and T. Fichefet and H. Goosse and S. Bouillon and G. Madec and M. A. Morales Maqueda},
+	Journal = {Ocean Modelling},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2008.07.05},
+	Title = {Simulating the mass balance and salinity of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice. 1. Model description and validation},
+	Volume = {in press},
+	Year = {2008}}
+
+@article{Weatherly1984,
+	Author = {G. L. Weatherly},
+	Journal = JMR,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {289-301},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {An estimate of bottom frictional dissipation by Gulf Stream fluctuations},
+	Volume = {42, 2},
+	Year = {1984}}
+
+@article{Weaver1997,
+	Author = {A. J. Weaver and M. Eby},
+	Journal = JPO,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.06},
+	Title = {On the numerical implementation of advection schemes for use in conjuction with various mixing parameterizations in the GFDL ocean model},
+	Volume = {27},
+	Year = {1997}}
+
+@article{Webb1998,
+	Abstract = {Leonard&#8217;s widely used QUICK advection scheme is, like the Bryan&#8211;Cox&#8211;Semtner
 	ocean model, based on a control volume form of the advection equation.
 	Unfortunately, in its normal form it cannot be used with the leapfrog&#8211;Euler
@@ -2305,91 +2036,41 @@
 	where, for example, the warm core of the Agulhas Current is no longer
 	broken up by numerical noise.},
-  date = {October 01, 1998},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Willebrand2001,
-  author = {J. Willebrand and B. Barnier and C. Boning and C. Dieterich and P.
-	D. Killworth and C. Le Provost and Y. Jia and J.-M. Molines and A.
-	L. New},
-  title = {Circulation characteristics in three eddy-permitting models of the
-	North Atlantic},
-  journal = {Progress in Oceanography},
-  year = {2001},
-  volume = {48, 2},
-  pages = {123-161},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Zalesak1979,
-  author = {S. T. Zalesak},
-  title = {Fully multidimensional flux corrected transport algorithms for fluids},
-  journal = JCP,
-  year = {1979},
-  volume = {31},
-  owner = {gm},
-  timestamp = {2007.08.04}
-}
-
-@ARTICLE{Zhang1992,
-  author = {Zhang, R.-H. and Endoh, M.},
-  title = {A free surface general circulation model for the tropical Pacific
-	Ocean},
-  journal = JGR,
-  year = {1992},
-  volume = {97},
-  pages = {11237-11255},
-  month = jul,
-  owner = {gm}
-}
-
-@comment{jabref-meta: groupsversion:3;}
-
-@comment{jabref-meta: groupstree:
-0 AllEntriesGroup:;
-1 ExplicitGroup:El Nino\;2\;blanketal97\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:97/98 event\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Forecast\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:GHG change\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:in GCMs\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:in MIPs\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:momentum balance\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Obs analysis\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Paleo\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Previous events\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Reviews\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Simple models\;0\;Zhang1992\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:SPL, SC, mean\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Teleconnections\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Low freq\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Theory\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Energetics\;0\;;
-1 ExplicitGroup:Diurnal in tropics\;0\;;
-1 ExplicitGroup:Indian\;0\;;
-1 ExplicitGroup:Atlantic\;0\;;
-1 ExplicitGroup:MJO, IO, TIW\;2\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Obs\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:GCM\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Mechanims\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:TIW\;0\;;
-1 ExplicitGroup:Observations\;2\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:ERBE\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Tropical\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Global\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Clouds\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Scale interactions\;0\;;
-1 ExplicitGroup:Mechanisms\;2\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:CRF\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Water vapor\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Atmos mechanisms\;0\;;
-1 ExplicitGroup:GCMs\;2\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Uncertainty\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:Momentum balance\;0\;;
-1 ExplicitGroup:Climate change\;0\;;
-2 ExplicitGroup:IPCC AR4\;0\;;
-1 ExplicitGroup:Analysis tools\;0\;;
-1 KeywordGroup:EG publis\;0\;author\;guilyardi\;0\;0\;;
-}
-
+	Author = {D. J. Webb and B. A. de Cuevas and C. S. Richmond},
+	Date = {October 01, 1998},
+	Journal = JAOT,
+	Number = {5},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {1171-1187},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Improved Advection Schemes for Ocean Models},
+	Volume = {15},
+	Year = {1998}}
+
+@article{Willebrand2001,
+	Author = {J. Willebrand and B. Barnier and C. Boning and C. Dieterich and P. D. Killworth and C. Le Provost and Y. Jia and J.-M. Molines and A. L. New},
+	Journal = {Progress in Oceanography},
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {123-161},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Circulation characteristics in three eddy-permitting models of the North Atlantic},
+	Volume = {48, 2},
+	Year = {2001}}
+
+@article{Zalesak1979,
+	Author = {S. T. Zalesak},
+	Journal = JCP,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Timestamp = {2007.08.04},
+	Title = {Fully multidimensional flux corrected transport algorithms for fluids},
+	Volume = {31},
+	Year = {1979}}
+
+@article{Zhang1992,
+	Author = {Zhang, R.-H. and Endoh, M.},
+	Journal = JGR,
+	Month = jul,
+	Owner = {gm},
+	Pages = {11237-11255},
+	Title = {A free surface general circulation model for the tropical Pacific Ocean},
+	Volume = {97},
+	Year = {1992}}
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/TexFiles/Chapters/Annex_ISO.tex
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/TexFiles/Chapters/Annex_ISO.tex	(revision 2205)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/TexFiles/Chapters/Annex_ISO.tex	(revision 2205)
@@ -0,0 +1,677 @@
+% ================================================================
+% Iso-neutral diffusion : 
+% ================================================================
+\chapter{Griffies's iso-neutral diffusion and \\
+  eddy-induced advection}
+\label{Apdx_C}
+\minitoc
+
+\section{Griffies's formulation of isoneutral diffusion}
+
+\subsection{Introduction}
+ We define a scheme that get its inspiration from the scheme of
+\citet{Griffies1998}, but is formulated within the \NEMO
+framework, using scale factors rather than grid-sizes.
+
+The off-diagonal terms of the small angle diffusion tensor
+\eqref{Eq_PE_iso_tensor} produce skew-fluxes along the
+i- and j-directions resulting from the vertical tracer gradient:
+\begin{align}
+  \label{eq:i13c}
+  &+\kappa r_1\frac{1}{e_3}\frac{\partial T}{\partial k},\qquad+\kappa r_2\frac{1}{e_3}\frac{\partial T}{\partial k}\\
+\intertext{and in the k-direction resulting from the lateral tracer gradients}
+  \label{eq:i31c}
+ & \kappa r_1\frac{1}{e_1}\frac{\partial T}{\partial i}+\kappa r_2\frac{1}{e_1}\frac{\partial T}{\partial i}
+\end{align}
+where \eqref{Eq_PE_iso_slopes}
+\begin{align*}
+  r_1 &=-\frac{e_3 }{e_1 } \left( \frac{\partial \rho }{\partial i}
+  \right)
+  \left( {\frac{\partial \rho }{\partial k}} \right)^{-1} \\
+  &=-\frac{e_3 }{e_1 } \left( -\alpha\frac{\partial T }{\partial i} +
+    \beta\frac{\partial S }{\partial i} \right) \left(
+    -\alpha\frac{\partial T }{\partial k} + \beta\frac{\partial S
+    }{\partial k} \right)^{-1}
+\end{align*}
+is the i-component of the slope of the isoneutral surface relative to the computational
+surface, and $r_2$ is the j-component.
+
+The extra vertical diffusive flux associated with the $_{33}$
+component of the small angle diffusion tensor is
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eq:i33c}
+  -\kappa(r_1^2 +r_2^2) \frac{1}{e_3}\frac{\partial T}{\partial k}.
+\end{equation}
+
+Since there are no cross terms involving $r_1$ and $r_2$ in the above, we can
+consider the isoneutral diffusive fluxes separately in the i-k and j-k
+planes, just adding together the vertical components from each
+plane. The following description will describe the fluxes on the i-k
+plane.
+
+There is no natural discretization for the i-component of the
+skew-flux, \eqref{eq:i13c}, as
+although it must be evaluated at u-points, it involves vertical
+gradients (both for the tracer and the slope $r_1$), defined at
+w-points. Similarly, the vertical skew flux, \eqref{eq:i31c}, is evaluated at
+w-points but involves horizontal gradients defined at u-points.
+
+\subsection{The standard discretization}
+The straightforward approach to discretize the lateral skew flux
+\eqref{eq:i13c} from tracer cell $i,k$ to $i+1,k$, introduced in 1995
+into OPA, \eqref{Eq_tra_ldf_iso}, is to calculate a mean vertical
+gradient at the u-point from the average of the four surrounding
+vertical tracer gradients, and multiply this by a mean slope at the
+u-point, calculated from the averaged surrounding vertical density
+gradients. The total area-integrated skew-flux from tracer cell $i,k$
+to $i+1,k$, noting that the $e_{{3u}_{i+1/2}^k}$ in the area
+$e_{{3u}_{i+1/2}^k}e_{{2u}_{i+1/2}^k}$ at the u-point cancels out with
+the $1/e_{{3u}_{i+1/2}^k}$ associated with the vertical tracer
+gradient, is then \eqref{Eq_tra_ldf_iso}
+\begin{equation*}
+  \left(F_u^{\mathrm{skew}} \right)_{i+\hhalf}^k = \kappa _{i+\hhalf}^k
+  e_{{2u}_{i+1/2}^k} \overline{\overline
+    r_1} ^{\,i,k}\,\overline{\overline{\delta_k T}}^{\,i,k},
+\end{equation*}
+where
+\begin{equation*}
+  \overline{\overline
+    r_1} ^{\,i,k} = -\frac{e_{{3u}_{i+1/2}^k}}{e_{{1u}_{i+1/2}^k}}
+  \frac{\delta_{i+1/2} [\rho]}{\overline{\overline{\delta_k \rho}}^{\,i,k}}.
+\end{equation*}
+
+Unfortunately the resulting combination $\overline{\overline{\delta_k
+    \bullet}}^{\,i,k}$ of a $k$ average and a $k$ difference %of the tracer
+reduces to $\bullet_{k+1}-\bullet_{k-1}$, so two-grid-point oscillations are
+invisible to this discretization of the iso-neutral operator. These
+\emph{computational modes} will not be damped by this operator, and
+may even possibly be amplified by it.  Consequently, applying this
+operator to a tracer does not guarantee the decrease of its
+global-average variance. To correct this, we introduced a smoothing of
+the slopes of the iso-neutral surfaces (see \S\ref{LDF}). This
+technique works fine for $T$ and $S$ as they are active tracers
+($i.e.$ they enter the computation of density), but it does not work
+for a passive tracer.
+\subsection{Expression of the skew-flux in terms of triad slopes}
+\citep{Griffies1998} introduce a different discretization of the
+off-diagonal terms that nicely solves the problem.
+% Instead of multiplying the mean slope calculated at the u-point by
+% the mean vertical gradient at the u-point,
+% >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
+\begin{figure}[h] \begin{center}
+    \includegraphics[width=0.90\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/Fig_triad_fluxes}
+    \caption{(a) Arrangement of triads $S_i$ and tracer gradients to
+      give lateral tracer flux from box $i,k$ to $i+1,k$ (b) Triads
+      $S'_i$ and tracer gradients to give vertical tracer flux from
+      box $i,k$ to $i,k+1$.}
+    \label{Fig_triad}
+  \end{center} \end{figure}
+% >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
+They get the skew flux from the products of the vertical gradients at
+each w-point surrounding the u-point with the corresponding `triad'
+slope calculated from the lateral density gradient across the u-point
+divided by the vertical density gradient at the same w-point as the
+tracer gradient. See Fig.~\ref{Fig_triad}a, where the thick lines
+denote the tracer gradients, and the thin lines the corresponding
+triads, with slopes $s_1, \dotsc s_4$. The total area-integrated
+skew-flux from tracer cell $i,k$ to $i+1,k$
+\begin{multline}
+  \label{eq:i13}
+  \left( F_u^{13}  \right)_{i+\frac{1}{2}}^k = \kappa _{i+1}^k a_1 s_1
+  \delta _{k+\frac{1}{2}} \left[ T^{i+1}
+  \right]/e_{{3w}_{i+1}}^{k+\frac{1}{2}}  + \kappa _i^k a_2 s_2 \delta
+  _{k+\frac{1}{2}} \left[ T^i
+  \right]/e_{{3w}_{i+1}}^{k+\frac{1}{2}} \\
+   +\kappa _{i+1}^k a_3 s_3 \delta _{k-\frac{1}{2}} \left[ T^{i+1}
+  \right]/e_{{3w}_{i+1}}^{k+\frac{1}{2}}  +\kappa _i^k a_4 s_4 \delta
+  _{k-\frac{1}{2}} \left[ T^i \right]/e_{{3w}_{i+1}}^{k+\frac{1}{2}},
+\end{multline}
+where the contributions of the triad fluxes are weighted by areas
+$a_1, \dotsc a_4$, and $\kappa$ is now defined at the tracer points
+rather than the u-points. This discretization gives a much closer
+stencil, and disallows the two-point computational modes.
+
+ The vertical skew flux \eqref{eq:i31c} from tracer cell $i,k$ to $i,k+1$ at the
+w-point $i,k+\hhalf$ is constructed similarly (Fig.~\ref{Fig_triad}b)
+by multiplying lateral tracer gradients from each of the four
+surrounding u-points by the appropriate triad slope:
+\begin{multline}
+  \label{eq:i31}
+  \left( F_w^{31} \right) _i ^{k+\frac{1}{2}} =  \kappa_i^{k+1} a_{1}'
+  s_{1}' \delta _{i-\frac{1}{2}} \left[ T^{k+1} \right]/{e_{3u}}_{i-\frac{1}{2}}^{k+1}
+   +\kappa_i^{k+1} a_{2}' s_{2}' \delta _{i+\frac{1}{2}} \left[ T^{k+1} \right]/{e_{3u}}_{i+\frac{1}{2}}^{k+1}\\
+  + \kappa_i^k a_{3}' s_{3}' \delta _{i-\frac{1}{2}} \left[ T^k\right]/{e_{3u}}_{i-\frac{1}{2}}^k
+  +\kappa_i^k a_{4}' s_{4}' \delta _{i+\frac{1}{2}} \left[ T^k \right]/{e_{3u}}_{i+\frac{1}{2}}^k.
+\end{multline}
+ 
+We notate the triad slopes in terms of the `anchor point' $i,k$
+(appearing in both the vertical and lateral gradient), and the u- and
+w-points $(i+i_p,k)$, $(i,k+k_p)$ at the centres of the `arms' of the
+triad as follows (see also Fig.~\ref{Fig_triad}):
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{Gf_slopes}
+  _i^k \mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p} 
+  =\frac{ {e_{3w}}_{\,i}^{\,k+k_p}} { {e_{1u}}_{\,i+i_p}^{\,k}}
+  \
+  \frac 
+  {\left(\alpha / \beta \right)_i^k  \ \delta_{i + i_p}[T^k] - \delta_{i + i_p}[S^k] }
+  {\left(\alpha / \beta \right)_i^k  \ \delta_{k+k_p}[T^i ] - \delta_{k+k_p}[S^i ] }.
+\end{equation}
+In calculating the slopes of the local neutral
+surfaces, the expansion coefficients $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are
+evaluated at the anchor points of the triad \footnote{Note that in \eqref{Gf_slopes} we use the ratio $\alpha / \beta$
+instead of multiplying the temperature derivative by $\alpha$ and the
+salinity derivative by $\beta$. This is more efficient as the ratio
+$\alpha / \beta$ can to be evaluated directly}, while the metrics are
+calculated at the u- and w-points on the arms.
+
+% >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
+\begin{figure}[h] \begin{center}
+    \includegraphics[width=0.60\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/Fig_qcells}
+    \caption{Triad notation for quarter cells.T-cells are inside
+      boxes, while the  $i+\half,k$ u-cell is shaded in green and the
+      $i,k+\half$ w-cell is shaded in pink.}
+    \label{qcells}
+  \end{center} \end{figure}
+% >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
+
+Each triad $\{_i^k\:_{i_p}^{k_p}\}$ is associated (Fig.~\ref{qcells}) with the quarter
+cell that is the intersection of the $i,k$ T-cell, the $i+i_p,k$
+u-cell and the $i,k+k_p$ w-cell. Expressing the slopes $s_i$ and
+$s'_i$ in \eqref{eq:i13} and \eqref{eq:i31} in this notation, we have
+e.g.\ $s_1=s'_1={\:}_i^k \mathbb{R}_{1/2}^{1/2}$. Each triad slope $_i^k
+\mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}$ is used once (as an $s$) to calculate the
+lateral flux along its u-arm, at $(i+i_p,k)$, and then again as an
+$s'$ to calculate the vertical flux along its w-arm at
+$(i,k+k_p)$. Each vertical area $a_i$ used to calculate the lateral
+flux and horizontal area $a'_i$ used to calculate the vertical flux
+can also be identified as the area across the u- and w-arms of a
+unique triad, and we can notate these areas, similarly to the triad
+slopes, as $_i^k{\mathbb{A}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p}$,
+$_i^k{\mathbb{A}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p}$, where e.g. in \eqref{eq:i13}
+$a_{1}={\:}_i^k{\mathbb{A}_u}_{1/2}^{1/2}$, and in \eqref{eq:i31}
+$a'_{1}={\:}_i^k{\mathbb{A}_w}_{1/2}^{1/2}$.
+
+\subsection{The full triad fluxes}
+A key property of isoneutral diffusion is that it should not affect
+the (locally referenced) density. In particular there should be no
+lateral or vertical density flux. The lateral density flux disappears so long as the
+area-integrated lateral diffusive flux from tracer cell $i,k$ to
+$i+1,k$ coming from the $_{11}$ term of the diffusion tensor takes the
+form
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eq:i11}
+  \left( F_u^{11} \right) _{i+\frac{1}{2}} ^{k} =
+  - \left( \kappa_i^{k+1} a_{1} + \kappa_i^{k+1} a_{2} + \kappa_i^k
+    a_{3} + \kappa_i^k a_{4} \right)
+  \frac{\delta _{i+1/2} \left[ T^k\right]}{{e_{1u}}_{\,i+1/2}^{\,k}},
+\end{equation}
+where the areas $a_i$ are as in \eqref{eq:i13}. In this case,
+separating the total lateral flux, the sum of \eqref{eq:i13} and
+\eqref{eq:i11}, into triad components, a lateral tracer
+flux
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eq:latflux-triad}
+  _i^k {\mathbb{F}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p} (T) = -A_i^k{ \:}_i^k{\mathbb{A}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p}
+  \left(
+    \frac{ \delta_{i+ i_p}[T^k] }{ {e_{1u}}_{\,i + i_p}^{\,k} }
+    -\ {_i^k\mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}} \
+    \frac{ \delta_{k+k_p} [T^i] }{{e_{3w}}_{\,i}^{\,k+k_p} }
+  \right)
+\end{equation}
+can be identified with each triad. Then, because the
+same metric factors ${e_{3w}}_{\,i}^{\,k+k_p}$ and
+${e_{1u}}_{\,i+i_p}^{\,k}$ are employed for both the density gradients
+in $ _i^k \mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}$ and the tracer gradients, the lateral
+density flux associated with each triad separately disappears.
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eq:latflux-rho}
+  {\mathbb{F}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p} (\rho)=-\alpha _i^k {\:}_i^k {\mathbb{F}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p} (T) + \beta_i^k {\:}_i^k {\mathbb{F}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p} (S)=0
+\end{equation}
+Thus the total flux $\left( F_u^{31} \right) ^i _{i,k+\frac{1}{2}} +
+\left( F_u^{11} \right) ^i _{i,k+\frac{1}{2}}$ from tracer cell $i,k$
+to $i+1,k$ must also vanish since it is a sum of four such triad fluxes.
+
+The squared slope $r_1^2$ in the expression \eqref{eq:i33c} for the
+$_{33}$ component is also expressed in terms of area-weighted
+squared triad slopes, so the area-integrated vertical flux from tracer
+cell $i,k$ to $i,k+1$ resulting from the $r_1^2$ term is
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eq:i33}
+  \left( F_w^{33} \right) _i^{k+\frac{1}{2}} =
+    - \left( \kappa_i^{k+1} a_{1}' s_{1}'^2
+    + \kappa_i^{k+1} a_{2}' s_{2}'^2
+    + \kappa_i^k a_{3}' s_{3}'^2
+    + \kappa_i^k a_{4}' s_{4}'^2 \right)\delta_{k+\frac{1}{2}} \left[ T^{i+1} \right],
+\end{equation}
+where the areas $a'$ and slopes $s'$ are the same as in
+\eqref{eq:i31}.
+Then, separating the total vertical flux, the sum of \eqref{eq:i31} and
+\eqref{eq:i33}, into triad components,  a vertical flux 
+\begin{align}
+  \label{eq:vertflux-triad}
+  _i^k {\mathbb{F}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p} (T)
+  &= A_i^k{\: }_i^k{\mathbb{A}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p}
+  \left(
+    {_i^k\mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}}\frac{ \delta_{i+ i_p}[T^k] }{ {e_{1u}}_{\,i + i_p}^{\,k} }
+    -\ \left({_i^k\mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}}\right)^2 \
+    \frac{ \delta_{k+k_p} [T^i] }{{e_{3w}}_{\,i}^{\,k+k_p} }
+  \right) \\
+  &= - \left(\left.{ }_i^k{\mathbb{A}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p}\right/{ }_i^k{\mathbb{A}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p}\right)
+   {_i^k\mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}}{\: }_i^k{\mathbb{F}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p} (T) \label{eq:vertflux-triad2}
+\end{align}
+may be associated with each triad. Each vertical density flux $_i^k {\mathbb{F}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p} (\rho)$
+associated with a triad then separately disappears (because the
+lateral flux $_i^k{\mathbb{F}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p} (\rho)$
+disappears). Consequently the total vertical density flux $\left( F_w^{31} \right)_i ^{k+\frac{1}{2}} +
+\left( F_w^{33} \right)_i^{k+\frac{1}{2}}$ from tracer cell $i,k$
+to $i,k+1$ must also vanish since it is a sum of four such triad
+fluxes.
+
+We can explicitly identify (Fig.~\ref{qcells}) the triads associated with the $s_i$, $a_i$, and $s'_i$, $a'_i$ used in the definition of
+the u-fluxes and w-fluxes in
+\eqref{eq:i31}, \eqref{eq:i13}, \eqref{eq:i11} \eqref{eq:i33} and
+Fig.~\ref{Fig_triad} to  write out the iso-neutral fluxes at $u$- and
+$w$-points as sums of the triad fluxes that cross the $u$- and $w$-faces:
+%(Fig.~\ref{Fig_ISO_triad}):
+\begin{flalign} \label{Eq_iso_flux} \textbf{F}_{iso}(T) &\equiv
+  \sum_{\substack{i_p,\,k_p}}
+  \begin{pmatrix}
+    {_{i+1/2-i_p}^k {\mathbb{F}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p} } (T)      \\
+    \\
+    {_i^{k+1/2-k_p} {\mathbb{F}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p} } (T)      \\
+  \end{pmatrix}.
+\end{flalign}
+\subsection{Ensuring the scheme cannot increase tracer variance}
+\label{sec:variance}
+
+We now require that this operator cannot increase the
+globally-integrated tracer variance.
+%This changes according to
+% \begin{align*}
+% &\int_D  D_l^T \; T \;dv \equiv  \sum_{i,k} \left\{ T \ D_l^T \ b_T \right\}    \\
+% &\equiv + \sum_{i,k} \sum_{\substack{i_p,\,k_p}} \left\{  
+% 		\delta_{i} \left[{_{i+1/2-i_p}^k {\mathbb{F}_u }_{i_p}^{k_p}} \right] 
+% 	     + \delta_{k} \left[ {_i^{k+1/2-k_p} {\mathbb{F}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p}} \right]  \ T \right\}    \\
+% &\equiv  - \sum_{i,k} \sum_{\substack{i_p,\,k_p}} \left\{  
+%                 {_{i+1/2-i_p}^k {\mathbb{F}_u }_{i_p}^{k_p}} \ \delta_{i+1/2} [T]
+%              + {_i^{k+1/2-k_p} {\mathbb{F}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p}}  \ \delta_{k+1/2} [T]   \right\}      \\
+% \end{align*}
+Each triad slope $_i^k\mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}$ drives a lateral flux
+$_i^k{\mathbb{F}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p} (T)$ across the u-point $i+i_p,k$ and
+a vertical flux $_i^k{\mathbb{F}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p} (T)$ across the
+w-point $i,k+k_p$.  The lateral flux drives a net rate of change of
+variance at points $i+i_p-\half,k$ and $i+i_p+\half,k$ of
+\begin{multline}
+  {b_T}_{i+i_p-1/2}^k\left(\frac{\partial T}{\partial t}T\right)_{i+i_p-1/2}^k+
+  \quad {b_T}_{i+i_p+1/2}^k\left(\frac{\partial T}{\partial
+      t}T\right)_{i+i_p+1/2}^k \\
+ \begin{split}
+  &= -T_{i+i_p-1/2}^k{\;} _i^k{\mathbb{F}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p} (T) \quad + \quad  T_{i+i_p+1/2}^k
+  {\;}_i^k{\mathbb{F}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p} (T) \\
+  &={\;} _i^k{\mathbb{F}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p} (T)\,\delta_{i+ i_p}[T^k], \label{locFdtdx}
+ \end{split}
+\end{multline}
+while the vertical flux similarly drives a net rate of change of variance at points $i,k+k_p-\half$ and
+$i,k+k_p+\half$ of
+\begin{equation}
+\label{locFdtdz}
+  _i^k{\mathbb{F}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p} (T) \,\delta_{k+ k_p}[T^i].
+\end{equation}
+The total variance tendency driven by the triad is the sum of these
+two. Expanding $_i^k{\mathbb{F}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p} (T)$ and
+$_i^k{\mathbb{F}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p} (T)$ with \eqref{eq:latflux-triad} and
+\eqref{eq:vertflux-triad}, it is
+\begin{multline*}
+-A_i^k\left \{
+{ } _i^k{\mathbb{A}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p}
+  \left(
+    \frac{ \delta_{i+ i_p}[T^k] }{ {e_{1u}}_{\,i + i_p}^{\,k} }
+    - {_i^k\mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}} \
+    \frac{ \delta_{k+k_p} [T^i] }{{e_{3w}}_{\,i}^{\,k+k_p} }\right)\,\delta_{i+ i_p}[T^k] \right.\\
+- \left. { } _i^k{\mathbb{A}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p}
+  \left(
+    \frac{ \delta_{i+ i_p}[T^k] }{ {e_{1u}}_{\,i + i_p}^{\,k} }
+    -{\:}_i^k\mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}
+    \frac{ \delta_{k+k_p} [T^i] }{{e_{3w}}_{\,i}^{\,k+k_p} }
+  \right) {\,}_i^k\mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}\delta_{k+ k_p}[T^i]
+\right \}.
+\end{multline*}
+The key point is then that if we require
+$_i^k{\mathbb{A}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p}$ and $_i^k{\mathbb{A}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p}$
+to be related to a triad volume $_i^k\mathbb{V}_{i_p}^{k_p}$ by
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eq:V-A}
+  _i^k\mathbb{V}_{i_p}^{k_p}
+  ={\;}_i^k{\mathbb{A}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p}\,{e_{1u}}_{\,i + i_p}^{\,k}
+  ={\;}_i^k{\mathbb{A}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p}\,{e_{3w}}_{\,i}^{\,k + k_p},
+\end{equation}
+the variance tendency reduces to the perfect square
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eq:perfect-square}
+  -A_i^k{\:} _i^k\mathbb{V}_{i_p}^{k_p}
+  \left(
+    \frac{ \delta_{i+ i_p}[T^k] }{ {e_{1u}}_{\,i + i_p}^{\,k} }
+    -{\:}_i^k\mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}
+    \frac{ \delta_{k+k_p} [T^i] }{{e_{3w}}_{\,i}^{\,k+k_p} }
+  \right)^2\leq 0.
+\end{equation}
+Thus, the constraint \eqref{eq:V-A} ensures that the fluxes associated
+with a given slope triad $_i^k\mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}$ do not increase
+the net variance. Since the total fluxes are sums of such fluxes from
+the various triads, this constraint, applied to all triads, is
+sufficient to ensure that the globally integrated variance does not
+increase.
+
+The expression \eqref{eq:V-A} can be interpreted as a discretization
+of the global integral
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eq:cts-var}
+  \frac{\partial}{\partial t}\int\half T^2\, dV =
+  \int\mathbf{F}\cdot\nabla T\, dV,
+\end{equation}
+where, within each triad volume $_i^k\mathbb{V}_{i_p}^{k_p}$, the
+lateral and vertical fluxes/unit area
+\[
+\mathbf{F}=\left(
+_i^k{\mathbb{F}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p} (T)/_i^k{\mathbb{A}_u}_{i_p}^{k_p},
+{\:}_i^k{\mathbb{F}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p} (T)/_i^k{\mathbb{A}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p}
+ \right)
+\]
+and the gradient
+ \[\nabla T = \left(
+\delta_{i+ i_p}[T^k] / {e_{1u}}_{\,i + i_p}^{\,k},
+\delta_{k+ k_p}[T^i] / {e_{3w}}_{\,i}^{\,k + k_p}
+\right)
+\]
+\subsection{Triad volumes in Griffes's scheme and in \NEMO}
+To complete the discretization we now need only specify the triad
+volumes $_i^k\mathbb{V}_{i_p}^{k_p}$. \citet{Griffies1998} identify
+these $_i^k\mathbb{V}_{i_p}^{k_p}$ as the volumes of the quarter
+cells, defined in terms of the distances between T, u,f and
+w-points. This is the natural discretization of
+\eqref{eq:cts-var}. The \NEMO model, however, operates with scale
+factors instead of grid sizes, and scale factors for the quarter
+cells are not defined. Instead, therefore we simply choose
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eq:V-NEMO}
+  _i^k\mathbb{V}_{i_p}^{k_p}=\quarter {b_u}_{i+i_p}^k,
+\end{equation}
+as a quarter of the volume of the u-cell inside which the triad
+quarter-cell lies. This has the nice property that when the slopes
+$\mathbb{R}$ vanish, the lateral flux from tracer cell $i,k$ to
+$i+1,k$ reduces to the classical form
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eq:lat-normal}
+-\overline{A}_{\,i+1/2}^k\;
+\frac{{b_u}_{i+1/2}^k}{{e_{1u}}_{\,i + i_p}^{\,k}}
+\;\frac{\delta_{i+ 1/2}[T^k] }{{e_{1u}}_{\,i + i_p}^{\,k}}
+ = -\overline{A}_{\,i+1/2}^k\;\frac{{e_{1w}}_{\,i + 1/2}^{\,k}\:{e_{1v}}_{\,i + 1/2}^{\,k}}{{e_{1u}}_{\,i + 1/2}^{\,k}}.
+\end{equation}
+In fact if the diffusive coefficient is defined at u-points, so that
+we employ $A_{i+i_p}^k$ instead of $A_i^k$ in the definitions of the
+triad fluxes \eqref{eq:latflux-triad} and \eqref{eq:vertflux-triad},
+we can replace $\overline{A}_{\,i+1/2}^k$ by $A_{i+1/2}^k$ in the above.
+
+\subsection{Summary of the scheme}
+The divergence of the expression \eqref{Eq_iso_flux} for the fluxes gives the iso-neutral diffusion tendency at
+each tracer point:
+\begin{equation} \label{Gf_operator} D_l^T = \frac{1}{b_T}
+  \sum_{\substack{i_p,\,k_p}} \left\{ \delta_{i} \left[{_{i+1/2-i_p}^k
+        {\mathbb{F}_u }_{i_p}^{k_p}} \right] + \delta_{k} \left[
+      {_i^{k+1/2-k_p} {\mathbb{F}_w}_{i_p}^{k_p}} \right] \right\}
+\end{equation}
+where $b_T= e_{1T}\,e_{2T}\,e_{3T}$ is the volume of $T$-cells.
+The diffusion scheme satisfies the following six properties:
+\begin{description}
+\item[$\bullet$ horizontal diffusion] The discretization of the
+  diffusion operator recovers \eqref{eq:lat-normal} the traditional five-point Laplacian in
+  the limit of flat iso-neutral direction :
+  \begin{equation} \label{Gf_property1a} D_l^T = \frac{1}{b_T} \
+    \delta_{i} \left[ \frac{e_{2u}\,e_{3u}}{e_{1u}} \;
+      \overline{A}^{\,i} \; \delta_{i+1/2}[T] \right] \qquad
+    \text{when} \quad { _i^k \mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p} }=0
+  \end{equation}
+
+\item[$\bullet$ implicit treatment in the vertical] Only tracer values
+  associated with a single water column appear in the expression
+  \eqref{eq:i33} for the $_{33}$ fluxes, vertical fluxes driven by
+  vertical gradients. This is of paramount importance since it means
+  that an implicit in time algorithm can be used to solve the vertical
+  diffusion equation. This is a necessity since the vertical eddy
+  diffusivity associated with this term,
+  \begin{equation}
+    \frac{1}{b_w}\sum_{\substack{i_p, \,k_p}} \left\{  
+      {\:}_i^k\mathbb{V}_{i_p}^{k_p} \:A_i^k \: \left(_i^k \mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}\right)^2
+    \right\}  = 
+    \frac{1}{4b_w}\sum_{\substack{i_p, \,k_p}} \left\{  
+      {b_u}_{i+i_p}^k\:A_i^k \: \left(_i^k \mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}\right)^2
+    \right\},
+ \end{equation}
+  (where $b_w= e_{1w}\,e_{2w}\,e_{3w}$ is the volume of $w$-cells) can be quite large.
+
+\item[$\bullet$ pure iso-neutral operator] The iso-neutral flux of
+  locally referenced potential density is zero. See
+  \eqref{eq:latflux-rho} and \eqref{eq:vertflux-triad2}.
+
+\item[$\bullet$ conservation of tracer] The iso-neutral diffusion
+  conserves tracer content, $i.e.$
+  \begin{equation} \label{Gf_property1} \sum_{i,j,k} \left\{ D_l^T \
+      b_T \right\} = 0
+  \end{equation}
+  This property is trivially satisfied since the iso-neutral diffusive
+  operator is written in flux form.
+
+\item[$\bullet$ no increase of tracer variance] The iso-neutral diffusion
+  does not increase the tracer variance, $i.e.$
+  \begin{equation} \label{Gf_property1} \sum_{i,j,k} \left\{ T \ D_l^T
+      \ b_T \right\} \leq 0
+  \end{equation}
+  The property is demonstrated in
+  \ref{sec:variance} above. It is a key property for a diffusion
+  term. It means that it is also a dissipation term, $i.e.$ it is a
+  diffusion of the square of the quantity on which it is applied.  It
+  therefore ensures that, when the diffusivity coefficient is large
+  enough, the field on which it is applied become free of grid-point
+  noise.
+
+\item[$\bullet$ self-adjoint operator] The iso-neutral diffusion
+  operator is self-adjoint, $i.e.$
+  \begin{equation} \label{Gf_property1} \sum_{i,j,k} \left\{ S \ D_l^T
+      \ b_T \right\} = \sum_{i,j,k} \left\{ D_l^S \ T \ b_T \right\}
+  \end{equation}
+  In other word, there is no need to develop a specific routine from
+  the adjoint of this operator. We just have to apply the same
+  routine. This property can be demonstrated similarly to the proof of
+  the `no increase of tracer variance' property. The contribution by a
+  single triad towards the left hand side of \eqref{Gf_property1}, can
+  be found by replacing $\delta[T]$ by $\delta[S]$ in \eqref{locFdtdx}
+  and \eqref{locFdtdx}. This results in a term similar to
+  \eqref{eq:perfect-square},
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eq:TScovar}
+  -A_i^k{\:} _i^k\mathbb{V}_{i_p}^{k_p}
+  \left(
+    \frac{ \delta_{i+ i_p}[T^k] }{ {e_{1u}}_{\,i + i_p}^{\,k} }
+    -{\:}_i^k\mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}
+    \frac{ \delta_{k+k_p} [T^i] }{{e_{3w}}_{\,i}^{\,k+k_p} }
+  \right)
+  \left(
+    \frac{ \delta_{i+ i_p}[S^k] }{ {e_{1u}}_{\,i + i_p}^{\,k} }
+    -{\:}_i^k\mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p}
+    \frac{ \delta_{k+k_p} [S^i] }{{e_{3w}}_{\,i}^{\,k+k_p} }
+  \right).
+\end{equation}
+This is symmetrical in $T $ and $S$, so exactly the same term arises
+from the discretization of this triad's contribution towards the
+RHS of \eqref{Gf_property1}.
+\end{description}
+
+
+$\ $\newline %force an empty line
+% ================================================================
+% Skew flux formulation for Eddy Induced Velocity :
+% ================================================================
+\section{ Eddy induced velocity and Skew flux formulation}
+
+When Gent and McWilliams's [1990] diffusion is used (\key{traldf\_eiv} defined), 
+an additional advection term is added. The associated velocity is the so called 
+eddy induced velocity, the formulation of which depends on the slopes of iso-
+neutral surfaces. Contrary to the case of iso-neutral mixing, the slopes used 
+here are referenced to the geopotential surfaces, $i.e.$ \eqref{Eq_ldfslp_geo} 
+is used in $z$-coordinate, and the sum \eqref{Eq_ldfslp_geo}
++ \eqref{Eq_ldfslp_iso} in $z^*$ or $s$-coordinates. 
+
+The eddy induced velocity is given by: 
+\begin{equation} \label{Eq_eiv_v}
+\begin{split}
+ u^* & = - \frac{1}{e_{2}e_{3}}\;          \partial_k \left( e_{2} \, A_{e} \; r_i \right)   \\
+ v^* & = - \frac{1}{e_{1}e_{3}}\;          \partial_k \left( e_{1} \, A_{e} \; r_j \right)   \\
+w^* & =    \frac{1}{e_{1}e_{2}}\; \left\{ \partial_i  \left( e_{2} \, A_{e} \; r_i \right) 
+							    + \partial_j  \left( e_{1} \, A_{e} \;r_j \right) \right\} \\
+\end{split}
+\end{equation}
+where $A_{e}$ is the eddy induced velocity coefficient, and $r_i$ and $r_j$ the slopes between the iso-neutral and the geopotential surfaces. 
+
+The traditional way to implement this additional advection is to add it to the Eulerian 
+velocity prior to computing the tracer advection. This allows us to take advantage of 
+all the advection schemes offered for the tracers (see \S\ref{TRA_adv}) and not just 
+a $2^{nd}$ order advection scheme. This is particularly useful for passive tracers 
+where \emph{positivity} of the advection scheme is of paramount importance. 
+
+\citet{Griffies_JPO98} introduces another way to implement the eddy induced advection, 
+the so-called skew form. It is based on a transformation of the advective fluxes 
+using the non-divergent nature of the eddy induced velocity. 
+For example in the (\textbf{i},\textbf{k}) plane, the tracer advective fluxes can be 
+transformed as follows:
+\begin{flalign*}
+\begin{split}
+\textbf{F}_{eiv}^T = 
+\begin{pmatrix} 
+ 	        {e_{2}\,e_{3}\;  u^*} 	 	\\
+ 		{e_{1}\,e_{2}\; w^*}	 \\
+\end{pmatrix}   \;   T
+&=
+\begin{pmatrix} 
+ 	        { - \partial_k \left( e_{2} \, A_{e} \; r_i \right) \; T \;} 	 	\\
+ 		{+ \partial_i  \left( e_{2} \, A_{e} \; r_i \right) \; T \;}	 \\
+\end{pmatrix} 			\\
+&=			
+\begin{pmatrix} 
+ 	        { - \partial_k \left( e_{2} \, A_{e} \; r_i  \; T \right) \;}  \\
+ 		{+ \partial_i  \left( e_{2} \, A_{e} \; r_i  \; T \right) \;}	 \\
+\end{pmatrix} 			
+ + 
+\begin{pmatrix} 
+ 	        {+ e_{2} \, A_{e} \; r_i  \; \partial_k T}  \\
+ 		{ - e_{2} \, A_{e} \; r_i  \; \partial_i  T}	 \\
+\end{pmatrix} 	 
+\end{split}
+\end{flalign*}
+and since the eddy induces velocity field is no-divergent, we end up with the skew 
+form of the eddy induced advective fluxes:
+\begin{equation} \label{Eq_eiv_skew_continuous}
+\textbf{F}_{eiv}^T = \begin{pmatrix} 
+ 	        {+ e_{2} \, A_{e} \; r_i  \; \partial_k T}   \\
+ 		{ - e_{2} \, A_{e} \; r_i  \; \partial_i  T}	 \\
+                                 \end{pmatrix}
+\end{equation}
+The tendency associated with eddy induced velocity is then simply the divergence 
+of the \eqref{Eq_eiv_skew_continuous} fluxes. It naturally conserves the tracer 
+content, as it is expressed in flux form. It also preserve the tracer variance.
+
+The discrete form of  \eqref{Eq_eiv_skew_continuous} using the slopes \eqref{Gf_slopes} and defining $A_e$ at $T$-point is then given by:
+\begin{flalign} \label{Eq_eiv_skew}   \begin{split}
+\textbf{F}_{eiv}^T   \equiv                                   
+                        \sum_{\substack{i_p,\,k_p}} \begin{pmatrix} 
++{e_{2u}}_{i+1/2-i_p}^{k}                                    \ {A_{e}}_{i+1/2-i_p}^{k} 
+\ \ { _{i+1/2-i_p}^k \mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p} }    \ \ \delta_{k+k_p}[T_{i+1/2-i_p}]      \\
+    \\
+- {e_{2u}}_i^{k+1/2-k_p}                                      \ {A_{e}}_i^{k+1/2-k_p} 
+\ \ { _i^{k+1/2-k_p} \mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{k_p} }    \ \delta_{i+i_p}[T^{k+1/2-k_p}]    \\   
+                                                                       \end{pmatrix}   
+\end{split}   \end{flalign}
+Note that \eqref{Eq_eiv_skew} is valid in $z$-coordinate with or without partial cells. In $z^*$ or $s$-coordinate, the the slope between the level and the geopotential surfaces must be added to $\mathbb{R}$ for the discret form to be exact. 
+
+Such a choice of discretisation is consistent with the iso-neutral operator as it uses the same definition for the slopes. It also ensures the conservation of the tracer variance (see Appendix \ref{Apdx_eiv_skew}), $i.e.$ it does not include a diffusive component but is a `pure' advection term.
+
+
+
+
+\newpage      %force an empty line
+% ================================================================
+% Discrete Invariants of the skew flux formulation
+% ================================================================
+\subsection{Discrete Invariants of the skew flux formulation}
+\label{Apdx_eiv_skew}
+
+
+Demonstration for the conservation of the tracer variance in the (\textbf{i},\textbf{j}) plane. 
+
+This have to be moved in an Appendix.
+
+The continuous property to be demonstrated is :
+\begin{align*}
+\int_D \nabla \cdot \textbf{F}_{eiv}(T) \; T \;dv  \equiv 0
+\end{align*}
+The discrete form of its left hand side is obtained using \eqref{Eq_eiv_skew}
+\begin{align*}
+ \sum\limits_{i,k} \sum_{\substack{i_p,\,k_p}}  \Biggl\{   \;\;
+ \delta_i  &\left[                                                    
+{e_{2u}}_{i+i_p+1/2}^{k}                                  \;\ \ {A_{e}}_{i+i_p+1/2}^{k} 
+\ \ \ { _{i+i_p+1/2}^k \mathbb{R}_{-i_p}^{k_p} }   \quad \delta_{k+k_p}[T_{i+i_p+1/2}]         
+   \right] \; T_i^k      \\
+- \delta_k &\left[ 
+{e_{2u}}_i^{k+k_p+1/2}                                     \ \ {A_{e}}_i^{k+k_p+1/2} 
+\ \ { _i^{k+k_p+1/2} \mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{-k_p} }   \ \ \delta_{i+i_p}[T^{k+k_p+1/2}]   
+   \right] \; T_i^k      \         \Biggr\}   
+\end{align*}
+apply the adjoint of delta operator, it becomes
+\begin{align*}
+ \sum\limits_{i,k} \sum_{\substack{i_p,\,k_p}}  \Biggl\{   \;\;
+  &\left(                                                    
+{e_{2u}}_{i+i_p+1/2}^{k}                                  \;\ \ {A_{e}}_{i+i_p+1/2}^{k} 
+\ \ \ { _{i+i_p+1/2}^k \mathbb{R}_{-i_p}^{k_p} }   \quad \delta_{k+k_p}[T_{i+i_p+1/2}]         
+   \right) \; \delta_{i+1/2}[T^{k}]      \\
+- &\left( 
+{e_{2u}}_i^{k+k_p+1/2}                                     \ \ {A_{e}}_i^{k+k_p+1/2} 
+\ \ { _i^{k+k_p+1/2} \mathbb{R}_{i_p}^{-k_p} }   \ \ \delta_{i+i_p}[T^{k+k_p+1/2}]   
+     \right) \; \delta_{k+1/2}[T_{i}]       \         \Biggr\}       
+\end{align*}
+Expending the summation on $i_p$ and $k_p$, it becomes:
+\begin{align*}
+ \begin{matrix}  
+&\sum\limits_{i,k}   \Bigl\{ 
+  &+{e_{2u}}_{i+1}^{k}                             &{A_{e}}_{i+1    }^{k} 
+  &\ {_{i+1}^k \mathbb{R}_{- 1/2}^{-1/2}} &\delta_{k-1/2}[T_{i+1}]    &\delta_{i+1/2}[T^{k}]   &\\
+&&+{e_{2u}}_i^{k\ \ \ \:}                            &{A_{e}}_{i}^{k\ \ \ \:}      
+  &\ {\ \ \;_i^k \mathbb{R}_{+1/2}^{-1/2}}  &\delta_{k-1/2}[T_{i\ \ \ \;}]  &\delta_{i+1/2}[T^{k}] &\\
+&&+{e_{2u}}_{i+1}^{k}                             &{A_{e}}_{i+1    }^{k} 
+  &\ {_{i+1}^k \mathbb{R}_{- 1/2}^{+1/2}} &\delta_{k+1/2}[T_{i+1}]     &\delta_{i+1/2}[T^{k}] &\\
+&&+{e_{2u}}_i^{k\ \ \ \:}                            &{A_{e}}_{i}^{k\ \ \ \:}       
+    &\ {\ \ \;_i^k \mathbb{R}_{+1/2}^{+1/2}} &\delta_{k+1/2}[T_{i\ \ \ \;}] &\delta_{i+1/2}[T^{k}] &\\
+%
+&&-{e_{2u}}_i^{k+1}                                &{A_{e}}_i^{k+1} 
+  &{_i^{k+1} \mathbb{R}_{-1/2}^{- 1/2}}   &\delta_{i-1/2}[T^{k+1}]      &\delta_{k+1/2}[T_{i}] &\\   
+&&-{e_{2u}}_i^{k\ \ \ \:}                             &{A_{e}}_i^{k\ \ \ \:} 
+  &{\ \ \;_i^k  \mathbb{R}_{-1/2}^{+1/2}}   &\delta_{i-1/2}[T^{k\ \ \ \:}]  &\delta_{k+1/2}[T_{i}] &\\
+&&-{e_{2u}}_i^{k+1    }                             &{A_{e}}_i^{k+1} 
+  &{_i^{k+1} \mathbb{R}_{+1/2}^{- 1/2}}   &\delta_{i+1/2}[T^{k+1}]      &\delta_{k+1/2}[T_{i}] &\\   
+&&-{e_{2u}}_i^{k\ \ \ \:}                             &{A_{e}}_i^{k\ \ \ \:} 
+  &{\ \ \;_i^k  \mathbb{R}_{+1/2}^{+1/2}}   &\delta_{i+1/2}[T^{k\ \ \ \:}]  &\delta_{k+1/2}[T_{i}] 
+&\Bigr\}  \\
+\end{matrix}   
+\end{align*}
+The two terms associated with the triad ${_i^k \mathbb{R}_{+1/2}^{+1/2}}$ are the 
+same but of opposite signs, they cancel out. 
+Exactly the same thing occurs for the triad ${_i^k \mathbb{R}_{-1/2}^{-1/2}}$. 
+The two terms associated with the triad ${_i^k \mathbb{R}_{+1/2}^{-1/2}}$ are the 
+same but both of opposite signs and shifted by 1 in $k$ direction. When summing over $k$ 
+they cancel out with the neighbouring grid points. 
+Exactly the same thing occurs for the triad ${_i^k \mathbb{R}_{-1/2}^{+1/2}}$ in the 
+$i$ direction. Therefore the sum over the domain is zero, $i.e.$ the variance of the 
+tracer is preserved by the discretisation of the skew fluxes.
+
+%%% Local Variables: 
+%%% TeX-master: "../../NEMO_book.tex"
+%%% End: 
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/TexFiles/Chapters/Chap_Model_Basics_zstar.tex
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/TexFiles/Chapters/Chap_Model_Basics_zstar.tex	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/TexFiles/Chapters/Chap_Model_Basics_zstar.tex	(revision 2205)
@@ -119,5 +119,5 @@
 \begin{figure}[!t] \label{Fig_DYN_dynspg_ts}
 \begin{center}
-\includegraphics[width=0.90\textwidth]{./Figures/Fig_DYN_dynspg_ts.pdf}
+\includegraphics[width=0.90\textwidth]{./TexFiles/Figures/Fig_DYN_dynspg_ts.pdf}
 \caption{Schematic of the split-explicit time stepping scheme for the barotropic and baroclinic modes, after \citet{Griffies2004}. Time increases to the right. Baroclinic time steps are denoted by $t-\Delta t$, $t, t+\Delta t$, and $t+2\Delta t$. The curved line represents a leap-frog time step, and the smaller barotropic time steps $N \Delta t=2\Delta t$ are denoted by the zig-zag line. The vertically integrated forcing \textbf{M}(t) computed at baroclinic time step t represents the interaction between the barotropic and baroclinic motions. While keeping the total depth, tracer, and freshwater forcing fields fixed, a leap-frog integration carries the surface height and vertically integrated velocity from t to $t+2 \Delta t$ using N barotropic time steps of length $\Delta t$. Time averaging the barotropic fields over the N+1 time steps (endpoints included) centers the vertically integrated velocity at the baroclinic timestep $t+\Delta t$. A baroclinic leap-frog time step carries the surface height to $t+\Delta t$ using the convergence of the time averaged vertically integrated velocity taken from baroclinic time step t. }
 \end{center}
Index: anches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/TexFiles/clean.sh
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/TexFiles/clean.sh	(revision 2204)
+++ 	(revision )
@@ -1,2 +1,0 @@
-rm -f $( ls -1 NEMO_book.* | egrep -v "(tex|pdf)" ) *mpgraph*
-rm -f Chapters/*.aux Chapters/*.log
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/clean.sh
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/clean.sh	(revision 2205)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/clean.sh	(revision 2205)
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+rm -f $( ls -1 NEMO_book.* | egrep -v "(tex|pdf)" ) *mpgraph*
+rm -f TexFiles/Chapters/*.aux Chapters/*.log
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/math_abbrev.sty
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/math_abbrev.sty	(revision 2205)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/DOC/math_abbrev.sty	(revision 2205)
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+\def\half{\textstyle\frac{1}{2}}
+\def\hhalf{\scriptstyle\frac{1}{2}}
+\def\quarter{\textstyle\frac{1}{4}}
+\def\qquarter{\scriptstyle\frac{1}{4}}
+\def\squarter{\sfrac{1}{4}}
+\def\stwelfth{\sfrac{1}{12}}
+\def\sthirtysixth{\sfrac{1}{36}}
+\def\grad{\boldsymbol{\nabla}}
+\def\gradh{\boldsymbol{\nabla}_h}
+\def\bgamma\boldsymbol{\gamma}
+\newcommand{\ew}[3]{{e_{3#1}}_{\,#2}^{\,#3} }
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/LDF/ldfslp.F90
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/LDF/ldfslp.F90	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/LDF/ldfslp.F90	(revision 2205)
@@ -24,4 +24,5 @@
    USE phycst          ! physical constants
    USE zdfmxl          ! mixed layer depth
+   USE eosbn2
    USE lbclnk          ! ocean lateral boundary conditions (or mpp link)
    USE in_out_manager  ! I/O manager
@@ -32,8 +33,14 @@
 
    PUBLIC   ldf_slp    ! routine called by step.F90
+   PUBLIC ldf_slp_grif   !              "
 
    LOGICAL , PUBLIC, PARAMETER              ::   lk_ldfslp = .TRUE.   !: slopes flag
    REAL(wp), PUBLIC, DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpk) ::   uslp, wslpi          !: i_slope at U- and W-points
    REAL(wp), PUBLIC, DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpk) ::   vslp, wslpj          !: j-slope at V- and W-points
+   REAL(wp), PUBLIC, DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpk) ::   wslp2                !: wslp**2 from Griffies quarter cells
+   REAL(wp), PUBLIC, DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpk) ::   alpha, beta          !: alpha,beta at T points
+   REAL(wp), PUBLIC, DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpk) ::   tfw,sfw,ftu,fsu,ftv,fsv,ftud,fsud,ftvd,fsvd
+   REAL(wp), PUBLIC, DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpk) ::   psix_eiv
+   REAL(wp), PUBLIC, DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpk) ::   psiy_eiv
    
    REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpk) ::   omlmask           ! mask of the surface mixed layer at T-pt
@@ -43,4 +50,6 @@
    !! * Substitutions
 #  include "domzgr_substitute.h90"
+#  include "ldftra_substitute.h90"
+#  include "ldfeiv_substitute.h90"
 #  include "vectopt_loop_substitute.h90"
    !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -305,5 +314,4 @@
       END DO
          
-
       ! III.  Specific grid points     
       ! =========================== 
@@ -340,4 +348,468 @@
       !
    END SUBROUTINE ldf_slp
+
+   SUBROUTINE ldf_slp_grif ( kt )
+     !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+     !!                 ***  ROUTINE ldf_slp_grif  ***
+     !!
+     !! ** Purpose :   Compute the squared slopes of neutral surfaces (slope
+     !!      of iso-pycnal surfaces referenced locally) ('key_traldfiso')
+     !!      at W-points using the Griffies quarter-cells.  Also calculates
+     !!      alpha and beta at T-points for use in the Griffies isopycnal
+     !!      scheme.
+     !!
+     !! ** Method  :   The slope in the i-direction is computed at U- and
+     !!      W-points (uslp, wslpi) and the slope in the j-direction is
+     !!      computed at V- and W-points (vslp, wslpj).
+     !!
+     !! ** Action : - alpha, beta
+     !!               wslp2 squared slope of neutral surfaces at w-points.
+     !!
+     !! History :
+     !!   9.0  !  06-10  (C. Harris)  New subroutine
+     !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+     !! * Modules used
+     USE oce            , zdit  => ua,  &  ! use ua as workspace
+          zdis  => va,  &  ! use va as workspace
+          zdjt  => ta,  &  ! use ta as workspace
+          zdjs  => sa      ! use sa as workspace
+     !! * Arguments
+     INTEGER, INTENT( in ) ::   kt         ! ocean time-step index
+
+     !! * Local declarations
+     INTEGER  ::   ji, jj, jk, ip, jp, kp  ! dummy loop indices
+     INTEGER  ::   iku, ikv                ! temporary integer
+     REAL(wp) ::   &
+          zt, zs, zh, zt2, zsp5, zp1t1,   &  ! temporary scalars
+          zdenr, zrhotmp, zdndt, zdddt,   &  !     "        "
+          zdnds, zddds, znum, zden,       &  !     "        "
+          zslope, za_sxe, zslopec, zdsloper,&  !     "        "
+          zfact, zepsln, zatempw,zatempu,zatempv, &   !     "        "
+          ze1ur,ze2vr,ze3wr,zdxt,zdxs,zdyt,zdys,zdzt,zdzs,zvolf,&
+          zr_slpmax,zdxrho,zdyrho,zabs_dzrho
+     REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpk,0:1,0:1) ::   &
+          zsx,zsy
+     REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,0:1,0:1) ::   &
+          zsx_ml_base,zsy_ml_base
+     REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpk) ::   &
+          zdkt,zdks
+     REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) ::   &
+          zr_ml_basew
+     !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+     ! 0. Local constant initialization
+     ! --------------------------------
+     zr_slpmax = 1.0_wp/slpmax
+
+     ! zslopec=0.004
+     ! zdsloper=1000.0
+     zepsln=1e-25
+
+     SELECT CASE ( nn_eos )
+
+     CASE ( 0 )               ! Jackett and McDougall (1994) formulation
+
+        !                                                ! ===============
+        DO jk = 1, jpk                                   ! Horizontal slab
+           !                                             ! ===============
+           DO jj = 1, jpjm1
+              DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1
+                 zt = tb(ji,jj,jk)          ! potential temperature
+                 zs = sb(ji,jj,jk) - 35.0   ! salinity anomaly (s-35)
+                 zh = fsdept(ji,jj,jk)      ! depth in meters
+
+                 beta(ji,jj,jk) = ( ( -0.415613e-09 * zt + 0.555579e-07 ) * zt      &
+                      &                            - 0.301985e-05 ) * zt      &
+                      &   + 0.785567e-03                                      &
+                      &   + (     0.515032e-08 * zs                           &
+                      &         + 0.788212e-08 * zt - 0.356603e-06 ) * zs     &
+                      &   +(  (   0.121551e-17 * zh                           &
+                      &         - 0.602281e-15 * zs                           &
+                      &         - 0.175379e-14 * zt + 0.176621e-12 ) * zh     &
+                      &                             + 0.408195e-10   * zs     &
+                      &     + ( - 0.213127e-11 * zt + 0.192867e-09 ) * zt     &
+                      &                             - 0.121555e-07 ) * zh
+
+                 alpha(ji,jj,jk) = - beta(ji,jj,jk) *                       &
+                      &     (((( - 0.255019e-07 * zt + 0.298357e-05 ) * zt   &
+                      &                               - 0.203814e-03 ) * zt   &
+                      &                               + 0.170907e-01 ) * zt   &
+                      &   + 0.665157e-01                                      &
+                      &   +     ( - 0.678662e-05 * zs                         &
+                      &           - 0.846960e-04 * zt + 0.378110e-02 ) * zs   &
+                      &   +   ( ( - 0.302285e-13 * zh                         &
+                      &           - 0.251520e-11 * zs                         &
+                      &           + 0.512857e-12 * zt * zt           ) * zh   &
+                      &           - 0.164759e-06 * zs                         &
+                      &        +(   0.791325e-08 * zt - 0.933746e-06 ) * zt   &
+                      &                               + 0.380374e-04 ) * zh)
+
+              ENDDO
+           ENDDO
+        ENDDO
+
+     CASE ( 1 )
+
+        alpha(:,:,:)=-rn_alpha
+        beta(:,:,:)=0.0
+
+     CASE ( 2 )
+
+        alpha(:,:,:)=-rn_alpha
+        beta (:,:,:)=rn_beta
+
+     CASE ( 3 )
+
+        DO jk =1, jpk
+           DO jj = 1, jpjm1
+              DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1
+                 zt = tb(ji,jj,jk)
+                 zs = sb(ji,jj,jk)
+                 zh = fsdept(ji,jj,jk)
+                 zt2 = zt**2
+                 zsp5 = sqrt(ABS(zs))
+                 zp1t1=zh*zt
+                 znum=9.99843699e+02+zt*(7.35212840e+00+zt*(-5.45928211e-02+3.98476704e-04*zt)) &
+                      +zs*(2.96938239e+00-7.23268813e-03*zt+2.12382341e-03*zs)  &
+                      +zh*(1.04004591e-02+1.03970529e-07*zt2+5.18761880e-06*zs+ &
+                      zh*(-3.24041825e-08-1.23869360e-11*zt2))
+                 zden=1.00000000e+00+zt*(7.28606739e-03+zt*(-4.60835542e-05+zt*(3.68390573e-07+zt*1.80809186e-10))) &
+                      +zs*(2.14691708e-03+zt*(-9.27062484e-06-1.78343643e-10*zt2)+zsp5*(4.76534122e-06+1.63410736e-09*zt2)) &
+                      + zh*(5.30848875e-06+zh*zt*(-3.03175128e-16*zt2-1.27934137e-17*zh))
+                 zdenr=1.0/zden
+                 zrhotmp=znum*zdenr
+                 zdndt=7.35212840e+00+zt*(-1.091856422e-01+1.195430112e-03*zt)-7.23268813e-03*zs &
+                      +zp1t1*(2.07941058e-07-2.4773872e-11*zh)
+                 zdddt=7.28606739e-03+zt*(-9.21671084e-05+zt*(1.105171719e-06+7.23236744e-10*zt))  &
+                      +zs*(-9.27062484e-06+zt*(-5.35030929e-10*zt+3.26821472e-09*zsp5))  &
+                      +zh*zh*(-9.09525384e-16*zt2-1.27934137e-17*zh)
+                 zdnds=2.96938239e+00-7.23268813e-03*zt+2*2.12382341e-03*zs+5.18761880e-06*zh
+                 zddds=2.14691708e-03+zt*(-9.27062484e-06-1.78343643e-10*zt2)+zsp5*(7.14801183e-06+2.45116104e-09*zt2)
+                 alpha(ji,jj,jk)=(zdndt-zrhotmp*zdddt)*zdenr
+                 beta(ji,jj,jk)=zdenr*(zdnds-zrhotmp*zddds)
+
+              END DO
+           END DO
+        END DO
+
+     CASE DEFAULT
+
+        IF(lwp) WRITE(numout,cform_err)
+        IF(lwp) WRITE(numout,*) '          bad flag value for nn_eos = ', nn_eos
+        nstop = nstop + 1
+
+     END SELECT
+
+     CALL lbc_lnk( alpha, 'T', 1. )
+     CALL lbc_lnk( beta, 'T', 1. )
+
+
+     ! ---------------------------------------
+     ! 1. Horizontal tracer gradients at T-level jk
+     ! ---------------------------------------
+     DO jk = 1, jpkm1
+        DO jj = 1, jpjm1
+           DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1   ! vector opt.
+              ! i-gradient of T and S at jj
+              zdit (ji,jj,jk) = ( tb(ji+1,jj,jk)-tb(ji,jj,jk) ) * umask(ji,jj,jk)
+              zdis (ji,jj,jk) = ( sb(ji+1,jj,jk)-sb(ji,jj,jk) ) * umask(ji,jj,jk)
+              ! j-gradient of T and S at jj
+              zdjt (ji,jj,jk) = ( tb(ji,jj+1,jk)-tb(ji,jj,jk) ) * vmask(ji,jj,jk)
+              zdjs (ji,jj,jk) = ( sb(ji,jj+1,jk)-sb(ji,jj,jk) ) * vmask(ji,jj,jk)
+           END DO
+        END DO
+     END DO
+
+     IF( ln_zps ) THEN      ! partial steps correction at the last level
+# if defined key_vectopt_loop   &&   ! defined key_mpp_omp
+     jj = 1
+        DO ji = 1, jpij-jpi   ! vector opt. (forced unrolling)
+# else
+           DO jj = 1, jpjm1
+              DO ji = 1, jpim1
+# endif
+                 ! last ocean level
+                 iku  = MIN( mbathy(ji,jj), mbathy(ji+1,jj  ) ) - 1
+                 ikv  = MIN( mbathy(ji,jj), mbathy(ji  ,jj+1) ) - 1
+                 ! i-gradient of T and S
+                 zdit (ji,jj,iku) = gtu(ji,jj)
+                 zdis (ji,jj,iku) = gsu(ji,jj)
+                 ! j-gradient of T and S
+                 zdjt (ji,jj,ikv) = gtv(ji,jj)
+                 zdjs (ji,jj,ikv) = gsv(ji,jj)
+# if ! defined key_vectopt_loop   ||   defined key_mpp_omp
+              END DO
+# endif
+           END DO
+        ENDIF
+
+        ! ---------------------------------------
+        ! 1. Vertical tracer gradient at w-level jk
+        ! ---------------------------------------
+        DO jk = 2, jpk
+           zdkt(:,:,jk) = ( tb(:,:,jk-1) - tb(:,:,jk) ) * tmask(:,:,jk)
+           zdks(:,:,jk) = ( sb(:,:,jk-1) - sb(:,:,jk) ) * tmask(:,:,jk)
+        END DO
+
+        zdkt(:,:,1) = 0.0
+        zdks(:,:,1) = 0.0
+
+        ! ---------------------------------------
+        ! Depth of the w-point below ML base
+        ! ---------------------------------------
+        DO jj = 1, jpj
+           DO ji = 1, jpi
+              jk = nmln(ji,jj)
+              zr_ml_basew(ji,jj)=1.0/fsdepw(ji,jj,jk+1)
+           END DO
+        END DO
+
+
+        wslp2(:,:,:)=0.0
+        tfw(:,:,:) = 0.0
+        sfw(:,:,:) = 0.0
+        ftu(:,:,:) = 0.0
+        fsu(:,:,:) = 0.0
+        ftv(:,:,:) = 0.0
+        fsv(:,:,:) = 0.0
+        ftud(:,:,:) = 0.0
+        fsud(:,:,:) = 0.0
+        ftvd(:,:,:) = 0.0
+        fsvd(:,:,:) = 0.0
+        psix_eiv(:,:,:) = 0.0
+        psiy_eiv(:,:,:) = 0.0
+
+        ! ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+        ! x-z plane
+        ! ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+        ! calculate limited triad x-slopes zsx in interior (1=<jk=<jpk-1)
+        DO ip=0,1
+           DO kp=0,1
+
+              DO jk = 1, jpkm1
+                 DO jj = 1, jpjm1
+                    DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1   ! vector opt.
+
+                       ze1ur=1.0/e1u(ji,jj)
+                       zdxt=zdit(ji,jj,jk)*ze1ur
+                       zdxs=zdis(ji,jj,jk)*ze1ur
+
+                       ze3wr=1.0/fse3w(ji+ip,jj,jk+kp)
+                       zdzt=zdkt(ji+ip,jj,jk+kp)*ze3wr
+                       zdzs=zdks(ji+ip,jj,jk+kp)*ze3wr
+                       ! Calculate the horizontal and vertical density gradient
+                       zdxrho = alpha(ji+ip,jj,jk)*zdxt+beta(ji+ip,jj,jk)*zdxs
+                       zabs_dzrho = ABS(alpha(ji+ip,jj,jk)*zdzt+beta(ji+ip,jj,jk)*zdzs)+zepsln
+                       ! Limit by slpmax, and mask by psi-point
+                       zsx(ji+ip,jj,jk,1-ip,kp) = umask(ji,jj,jk+kp) &
+                            & *zdxrho/MAX(zabs_dzrho,zr_slpmax*ABS(zdxrho))
+                    END DO
+                 END DO
+              END DO
+
+           END DO
+        END DO
+
+        ! calculate slope of triad immediately below mixed-layer base
+        DO ip=0,1
+           DO kp=0,1
+              DO jj = 1, jpjm1
+                 DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1
+                    jk = nmln(ji+ip,jj)
+                    zsx_ml_base(ji+ip,jj,1-ip,kp)=zsx(ji+ip,jj,jk+1-kp,1-ip,kp)
+                 END DO
+              END DO
+           END DO
+        END DO
+
+        ! Below ML use limited zsx as is
+        ! Inside ML replace by linearly reducing zsx_ml_base towards surface
+        DO ip=0,1
+           DO kp=0,1
+
+              DO jk = 1, jpkm1
+
+                 DO jj = 1, jpjm1
+
+                    DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1   ! vector opt.
+                       ! k index of uppermost point(s) of triad is jk+kp-1
+                       ! must be .ge. nmln(ji,jj) for zfact=1.
+                       !                   otherwise  zfact=0.
+                       zfact = 1 - 1/(1 + (jk+kp-1)/nmln(ji+ip,jj))
+                       zsx(ji+ip,jj,jk,1-ip,kp) = zfact*zsx(ji+ip,jj,jk,1-ip,kp) + &
+                            & (1.0_wp-zfact)*(fsdepw(ji+ip,jj,jk+kp)*zr_ml_basew(ji+ip,jj))*zsx_ml_base(ji+ip,jj,1-ip,kp) 
+                    END DO
+
+                 END DO
+
+              END DO
+           END DO
+        END DO
+
+        ! Use zsx to calculate fluxes and save averaged slopes psix_eiv at psi-points
+        DO ip=0,1
+           DO kp=0,1
+
+              DO jk = 1, jpkm1
+
+                 DO jj = 1, jpjm1
+
+                    DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1   ! vector opt.
+
+                       ze1ur=1.0/e1u(ji,jj)
+                       zdxt=zdit(ji,jj,jk)*ze1ur
+                       zdxs=zdis(ji,jj,jk)*ze1ur
+
+                       ze3wr=1.0/fse3w(ji+ip,jj,jk+kp)
+                       zdzt=zdkt(ji+ip,jj,jk+kp)*ze3wr
+                       zdzs=zdks(ji+ip,jj,jk+kp)*ze3wr
+                       zslope=zsx(ji+ip,jj,jk,1-ip,kp)
+
+                       zvolf = 0.25_wp*e1u(ji,jj)*e2u(ji,jj)*fse3u(ji,jj,jk)
+
+                       ftu(ji,jj,jk)= ftu(ji,jj,jk)+zslope*zdzt*zvolf*ze1ur
+                       fsu(ji,jj,jk)= fsu(ji,jj,jk)+zslope*zdzs*zvolf*ze1ur
+                       ftud(ji,jj,jk)=ftud(ji,jj,jk)+fsahtu(ji,jj,jk)*zdxt*zvolf*ze1ur
+                       fsud(ji,jj,jk)=fsud(ji,jj,jk)+fsahtu(ji,jj,jk)*zdxs*zvolf*ze1ur
+                       tfw(ji+ip,jj,jk+kp)=tfw(ji+ip,jj,jk+kp)+(zvolf*ze3wr)*zslope*zdxt
+                       sfw(ji+ip,jj,jk+kp)=sfw(ji+ip,jj,jk+kp)+(zvolf*ze3wr)*zslope*zdxs
+                       wslp2(ji+ip,jj,jk+kp)=wslp2(ji+ip,jj,jk+kp)+ &
+                            & ((zvolf*ze3wr)/(e1t(ji+ip,jj)*e2t(ji+ip,jj)))*(zslope)**2
+                       psix_eiv(ji,jj,jk+kp) = psix_eiv(ji,jj,jk+kp) + 0.25_wp*zslope
+
+                    END DO
+                 END DO
+
+              END DO
+           END DO
+        END DO
+
+        ! ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+        ! y-z plane
+        ! ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+        ! calculate limited triad y-slopes zsy in interior (1=<jk=<jpk-1)
+        DO jp=0,1
+           DO kp=0,1
+
+              DO jk = 1, jpkm1
+                 DO jj = 1, jpjm1
+                    DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1   ! vector opt.
+
+                       ze2vr=1.0/e2v(ji,jj)
+                       zdyt=zdjt(ji,jj,jk)*ze2vr
+                       zdys=zdjs(ji,jj,jk)*ze2vr
+
+                       ze3wr=1.0/fse3w(ji,jj+jp,jk+kp)
+                       zdzt=zdkt(ji,jj+jp,jk+kp)*ze3wr
+                       zdzs=zdks(ji,jj+jp,jk+kp)*ze3wr
+                       ! Calculate the horizontal and vertical density gradient
+                       zdyrho = alpha(ji,jj+jp,jk)*zdyt+beta(ji,jj+jp,jk)*zdys
+                       zabs_dzrho = ABS(alpha(ji,jj+jp,jk)*zdzt+beta(ji,jj+jp,jk)*zdzs)+zepsln
+                       ! Limit by slpmax, and mask by psi-point
+                       zsy(ji,jj+jp,jk,1-jp,kp) = vmask(ji,jj,jk+kp) &
+                            & *zdyrho/MAX(zabs_dzrho,zr_slpmax*ABS(zdyrho))
+                    END DO
+                 END DO
+              END DO
+
+           END DO
+        END DO
+
+        ! calculate slope of triad immediately below mixed-layer base
+        DO jp=0,1
+           DO kp=0,1
+              DO jj = 1, jpjm1
+                 DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1
+                    jk = nmln(ji,jj+jp)
+                    zsy_ml_base(ji,jj+jp,1-jp,kp)=zsy(ji,jj+jp,jk+1-kp,1-jp,kp)
+                 END DO
+              END DO
+           END DO
+        END DO
+
+        ! Below ML use limited zsy as is
+        ! Inside ML replace by linearly reducing zsy_ml_base towards surface
+        DO jp=0,1
+           DO kp=0,1
+
+              DO jk = 1, jpkm1
+
+                 DO jj = 1, jpjm1
+
+                    DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1   ! vector opt.
+                       ! k index of uppermost point(s) of triad is jk+kp-1
+                       ! must be .ge. nmln(ji,jj) for zfact=1.
+                       !                   otherwise  zfact=0.
+                       zfact = 1 - 1/(1 + (jk+kp-1)/nmln(ji,jj+jp))
+                       zsy(ji,jj+jp,jk,1-jp,kp) = zfact*zsy(ji,jj+jp,jk,1-jp,kp) + &
+                            & (1.0_wp-zfact)*(fsdepw(ji,jj+jp,jk+kp)*zr_ml_basew(ji,jj+jp))*zsy_ml_base(ji,jj+jp,1-jp,kp) 
+                    END DO
+
+                 END DO
+
+              END DO
+           END DO
+        END DO
+
+        ! Use zsy to calculate fluxes and save averaged slopes psiy_eiv at psi-points
+        DO jp=0,1
+           DO kp=0,1
+
+              DO jk = 1, jpkm1
+
+                 DO jj = 1, jpjm1
+
+                    DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1   ! vector opt.
+
+                       ze2vr=1.0/e2v(ji,jj)
+                       zdyt=zdjt(ji,jj,jk)*ze2vr
+                       zdys=zdjs(ji,jj,jk)*ze2vr
+
+                       ze3wr=1.0/fse3w(ji,jj+jp,jk+kp)
+                       zdzt=zdkt(ji,jj+jp,jk+kp)*ze3wr
+                       zdzs=zdks(ji,jj+jp,jk+kp)*ze3wr
+                       zslope=zsy(ji,jj+jp,jk,1-jp,kp)
+
+                       zvolf = 0.25_wp*e1v(ji,jj)*e2v(ji,jj)*fse3v(ji,jj,jk)
+
+                       ftv(ji,jj,jk)= ftv(ji,jj,jk)+zslope*zdzt*zvolf*ze2vr
+                       fsv(ji,jj,jk)= fsv(ji,jj,jk)+zslope*zdzs*zvolf*ze2vr
+                       ftvd(ji,jj,jk)=ftvd(ji,jj,jk)+fsahtv(ji,jj,jk)*zdyt*zvolf*ze2vr
+                       fsvd(ji,jj,jk)=fsvd(ji,jj,jk)+fsahtv(ji,jj,jk)*zdys*zvolf*ze2vr
+                       tfw(ji,jj+jp,jk+kp)=tfw(ji,jj+jp,jk+kp)+(zvolf*ze3wr)*zslope*zdyt
+                       sfw(ji,jj+jp,jk+kp)=sfw(ji,jj+jp,jk+kp)+(zvolf*ze3wr)*zslope*zdys
+                       wslp2(ji,jj+jp,jk+kp)=wslp2(ji,jj+jp,jk+kp)+ &
+                            & ((zvolf*ze3wr)/(e1t(ji,jj+jp)*e2t(ji,jj+jp)))*(zslope)**2
+                       psiy_eiv(ji,jj,jk+kp) = psiy_eiv(ji,jj,jk+kp) + 0.25_wp*zslope
+
+                    END DO
+                 END DO
+
+              END DO
+           END DO
+        END DO
+
+        tfw(:,:,1)=0.0
+        sfw(:,:,1)=0.0
+        wslp2(:,:,1)=0.0
+
+        CALL lbc_lnk( wslp2, 'W', 1. )
+        CALL lbc_lnk( tfw, 'W', 1. )
+        CALL lbc_lnk( sfw, 'W', 1. )
+        CALL lbc_lnk( ftu, 'U', -1. )
+        CALL lbc_lnk( fsu, 'U', -1. )
+        CALL lbc_lnk( ftv, 'V', -1. )
+        CALL lbc_lnk( fsv, 'V', -1. )
+        CALL lbc_lnk( ftud, 'U', -1. )
+        CALL lbc_lnk( fsud, 'U', -1. )
+        CALL lbc_lnk( ftvd, 'V', -1. )
+        CALL lbc_lnk( fsvd, 'V', -1. )
+        CALL lbc_lnk( psix_eiv, 'U', -1. )
+        CALL lbc_lnk( psiy_eiv, 'V', -1. )
+
+
+      END SUBROUTINE ldf_slp_grif
 
 
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/LDF/ldftra.F90
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/LDF/ldftra.F90	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/LDF/ldftra.F90	(revision 2205)
@@ -67,5 +67,7 @@
       NAMELIST/namtra_ldf/ ln_traldf_lap  , ln_traldf_bilap,                  &
          &                 ln_traldf_level, ln_traldf_hor  , ln_traldf_iso,   &
-         &                 rn_aht_0       , rn_ahtb_0      , rn_aeiv_0
+         &                 ln_traldf_grif ,                                   &
+         &                 rn_aht_0       , rn_ahtb_0      , rn_aeiv_0,       &
+         &                 rn_slpmax
       !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -83,4 +85,5 @@
          WRITE(numout,*) '      laplacian operator            ln_traldf_lap   = ', ln_traldf_lap
          WRITE(numout,*) '      bilaplacian operator          ln_traldf_bilap = ', ln_traldf_bilap
+         WRITE(numout,*) '      griffies    operator          ln_traldf_grif  = ', ln_traldf_grif 
          WRITE(numout,*) '      lateral eddy diffusivity      rn_aht_0        = ', rn_aht_0
          WRITE(numout,*) '      background hor. diffusivity   rn_ahtb_0       = ', rn_ahtb_0
@@ -89,4 +92,5 @@
       ENDIF
 
+      slpmax = rn_slpmax
       !                                ! convert DOCTOR namelist names into OLD names
       aht0  = rn_aht_0
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/LDF/ldftra_oce.F90
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/LDF/ldftra_oce.F90	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/LDF/ldftra_oce.F90	(revision 2205)
@@ -20,9 +20,12 @@
    LOGICAL , PUBLIC ::   ln_traldf_hor   = .FALSE.   !: horizontal (geopotential) direction
    LOGICAL , PUBLIC ::   ln_traldf_iso   = .TRUE.    !: iso-neutral direction
+   LOGICAL , PUBLIC ::   ln_traldf_grif  = .FALSE.   !: griffies skew flux
    REAL(wp), PUBLIC ::   rn_aht_0        = 2000._wp  !: lateral eddy diffusivity (m2/s)
    REAL(wp), PUBLIC ::   rn_ahtb_0       =    0._wp  !: lateral background eddy diffusivity (m2/s)
    REAL(wp), PUBLIC ::   rn_aeiv_0       = 2000._wp  !: eddy induced velocity coefficient (m2/s)
+   REAL(wp), PUBLIC ::   rn_slpmax       = 0.01_wp   !: slope limit
 
    REAL(wp), PUBLIC ::   aht0, ahtb0, aeiv0         !!: OLD namelist names
+   REAL(wp), PUBLIC ::   slpmax                     !: slope limit 
 
 #if defined key_traldf_c3d
@@ -41,5 +44,5 @@
    !!   'key_traldf_eiv'                              eddy induced velocity
    !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
-   LOGICAL, PUBLIC, PARAMETER ::   lk_traldf_eiv   = .TRUE.   !: eddy induced velocity flag
+   LOGICAL, PUBLIC, PARAMETER               ::   lk_traldf_eiv   = .TRUE.   !: eddy induced velocity flag
       
 # if defined key_traldf_c3d
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/TRA/traadv.F90
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/TRA/traadv.F90	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/TRA/traadv.F90	(revision 2205)
@@ -84,5 +84,5 @@
             zwn(:,:,:) = wn(:,:,:)
          ENDIF
-         CALL tra_adv_eiv( kt, zun, zvn, zwn ) 
+         IF (.NOT. ln_traldf_grif)  CALL tra_adv_eiv( kt, zun, zvn, zwn ) ! compute and add the eiv velocity
       ENDIF
 
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/TRA/traldf.F90
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/TRA/traldf.F90	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/TRA/traldf.F90	(revision 2205)
@@ -20,4 +20,5 @@
    USE traldf_bilap    ! lateral mixing             (tra_ldf_bilap routine)
    USE traldf_iso      ! lateral mixing               (tra_ldf_iso routine)
+   USE traldf_iso_grif ! lateral mixing          (tra_ldf_iso_grif routine)
    USE traldf_lap      ! lateral mixing               (tra_ldf_lap routine)
    USE trdmod          ! ocean active tracers trends
@@ -72,5 +73,10 @@
       SELECT CASE ( nldf )                       ! compute lateral mixing trend and add it to the general trend
       CASE ( 0 )   ;   CALL tra_ldf_lap   ( kt )      ! iso-level laplacian
-      CASE ( 1 )   ;   CALL tra_ldf_iso   ( kt )      ! rotated laplacian (except dk[ dk[.] ] part)
+      CASE ( 1 )
+         IF ( ln_traldf_grif ) THEN
+            CALL tra_ldf_iso_grif    ( kt )           ! Griffies quarter-cell formulation
+         ELSE
+            CALL tra_ldf_iso    ( kt )                ! rotated laplacian (except dk[ dk[.] ] part)
+         ENDIF
       CASE ( 2 )   ;   CALL tra_ldf_bilap ( kt )      ! iso-level bilaplacian
       CASE ( 3 )   ;   CALL tra_ldf_bilapg( kt )      ! s-coord. horizontal bilaplacian
@@ -80,5 +86,9 @@
          CALL prt_ctl( tab3d_1=ta, clinfo1=' ldf0 - Ta: ', mask1=tmask,               &
             &          tab3d_2=sa, clinfo2=       ' Sa: ', mask2=tmask, clinfo3='tra' )
+         IF ( ln_traldf_grif ) THEN
+            CALL tra_ldf_iso_grif    ( kt )
+         ELSE
          CALL tra_ldf_iso    ( kt )
+         ENDIF
          CALL prt_ctl( tab3d_1=ta, clinfo1=' ldf1 - Ta: ', mask1=tmask,               &
             &          tab3d_2=sa, clinfo2=       ' Sa: ', mask2=tmask, clinfo3='tra' )
@@ -143,4 +153,5 @@
          WRITE(numout,*) '      horizontal (geopotential)   ln_traldf_hor   = ', ln_traldf_hor
          WRITE(numout,*) '      iso-neutral                 ln_traldf_iso   = ', ln_traldf_iso
+         WRITE(numout,*) '      iso-neutral (Griffies)      ln_traldf_grif  = ', ln_traldf_grif
       ENDIF
 
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/TRA/traldf_iso_grif.F90
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/TRA/traldf_iso_grif.F90	(revision 2205)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/TRA/traldf_iso_grif.F90	(revision 2205)
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+MODULE traldf_iso_grif
+   !!==============================================================================
+   !!                   ***  MODULE  traldf_iso_grif  ***
+   !! Ocean active tracers:  horizontal component of the lateral tracer mixing trend
+   !!==============================================================================
+   !! History :   9.0  !  06-10  (C. Harris)
+   !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+#if   defined key_ldfslp   ||   defined key_esopa
+   !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+   !!   'key_ldfslp'               slope of the lateral diffusive direction
+   !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+   !!   tra_ldf_iso_grif  : update the tracer trend with the horizontal 
+   !!                       component of a iso-neutral laplacian operator
+   !!                       and with the vertical part of
+   !!                       the isopycnal or geopotential s-coord. operator 
+   !!                       vector optimization, use k-j-i loops.
+   !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+   USE oce             ! ocean dynamics and active tracers
+   USE dom_oce         ! ocean space and time domain
+   USE ldftra_oce      ! ocean active tracers: lateral physics
+   USE trdmod          ! ocean active tracers trends 
+   USE trdmod_oce      ! ocean variables trends
+   USE zdf_oce         ! ocean vertical physics
+   USE in_out_manager  ! I/O manager
+   USE ldfslp          ! iso-neutral slopes
+   USE diaptr          ! poleward transport diagnostics
+   USE prtctl          ! Print control
+
+   IMPLICIT NONE
+   PRIVATE
+
+   PUBLIC tra_ldf_iso_grif   ! routine called by traldf.F90
+
+   !! * Substitutions
+#  include "domzgr_substitute.h90"
+#  include "ldftra_substitute.h90"
+#  include "ldfeiv_substitute.h90"
+#  include "vectopt_loop_substitute.h90"
+   !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+   !!   OPA 9.0 , LOCEAN-IPSL (2005) 
+   !! $Header$ 
+   !! Software governed by the CeCILL licence (modipsl/doc/NEMO_CeCILL.txt)
+   !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+CONTAINS
+
+   SUBROUTINE tra_ldf_iso_grif( kt )
+      !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+      !!                  ***  ROUTINE tra_ldf_iso_grif  ***
+      !!
+      !! ** Purpose :   Compute the before horizontal tracer (t & s) diffusive 
+      !!      trend for a laplacian tensor (except the dz[ dz[.] ] term) and 
+      !!      add it to the general trend of tracer equation.
+      !!
+      !! ** Method  :   The horizontal component of the lateral diffusive trends 
+      !!      is provided by a 2nd order operator rotated along neutral or geopo-
+      !!      tential surfaces to which an eddy induced advection can be added
+      !!      It is computed using before fields (forward in time)
+      !!
+      !!      1st part :  masked horizontal derivative of T & S ( di[ t ] )
+      !!      ========    with partial cell update if ln_zps=T.
+      !!
+      !!      2nd part :  horizontal fluxes of the lateral mixing operator
+      !!      ========    
+      !!      take the horizontal divergence of the fluxes:
+      !!         difft = 1/(e1t*e2t*e3t) {  di-1[ zftu ] +  dj-1[ zftv ]  }
+      !!      Add this trend to the general trend (ta,sa):
+      !!         ta = ta + difft
+      !!
+      !!      3rd part: vertical trends of the lateral mixing operator
+      !!      ========  (excluding the vertical flux proportional to dk[t] )
+      !!      vertical fluxes associated with the rotated lateral mixing:
+
+      !!      take the horizontal divergence of the fluxes:
+      !!         difft = 1/(e1t*e2t*e3t) dk[ zftw ]
+      !!      Add this trend to the general trend (ta,sa):
+      !!         ta = ta + difft
+      !!
+      !! ** Action :
+      !!         Update (ta,sa) arrays with the before rotated diffusion trend
+      !!            (except the dk[ dk[.] ] term)
+      !!
+      !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+      USE oce           , zftv => ua   ! use ua as workspace
+      USE oce           , zfsv => va   ! use va as workspace
+      !!
+      INTEGER, INTENT( in ) ::   kt        ! ocean time-step index
+      !!
+      INTEGER  ::   ji, jj, jk, ip, jp, kp    ! dummy loop indices
+      INTEGER  ::   iku, ikv                  ! temporary integer
+      REAL(wp) ::   zatempu, zdx, zta         ! temporary scalars
+      REAL(wp) ::   zatempv, zdy, zsa         !    "         "
+      REAL(wp) ::   zslopec, zdsloper, zepsln !    "         "
+      REAL(wp) ::   zsxe, za_sxe, zfact       !    "         "
+      REAL(wp) ::   zbtr                      !    "         "
+      REAL(wp), DIMENSION(2) ::   zdelta   ! 1D workspace
+      REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj)     ::   zftu   ! 2D workspace
+      REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj)     ::   zfsu   !    "           "
+      REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpk) ::   zdit, zdjt, zdkt     ! 3D workspace
+      REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpk) ::   zdis, zdjs, zdks     !  "      "
+
+
+
+      !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+      IF( kt == nit000 ) THEN
+         IF(lwp) WRITE(numout,*)
+         IF(lwp) WRITE(numout,*) 'tra_ldf_iso_grif : rotated laplacian diffusion operator'
+         IF(lwp) WRITE(numout,*) '~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'
+      ENDIF
+
+      IF ( .NOT. lk_traldf_eiv ) THEN
+        fsaeiu(:,:,:)=0.0
+        fsaeiv(:,:,:)=0.0
+        fsaeiw(:,:,:)=0.0
+      ENDIF
+
+      DO jk=1,jpkm1
+      DO jj=1,jpjm1
+      DO ji=1,fs_jpim1
+               ftu(ji,jj,jk)=ftud(ji,jj,jk)+ftu(ji,jj,jk)*(fsahtu(ji,jj,jk)-fsaeiu(ji,jj,jk))
+               fsu(ji,jj,jk)=fsud(ji,jj,jk)+fsu(ji,jj,jk)*(fsahtu(ji,jj,jk)-fsaeiu(ji,jj,jk))
+               ftv(ji,jj,jk)=ftvd(ji,jj,jk)+ftv(ji,jj,jk)*(fsahtv(ji,jj,jk)-fsaeiv(ji,jj,jk))
+               fsv(ji,jj,jk)=fsvd(ji,jj,jk)+fsv(ji,jj,jk)*(fsahtv(ji,jj,jk)-fsaeiv(ji,jj,jk))
+      END DO
+      END DO
+      END DO
+
+      DO jk = 1, jpkm1
+
+         ! II.4 Second derivative (divergence) and add to the general trend
+         ! ----------------------------------------------------------------
+         DO jj = 2 , jpjm1
+            DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1   ! vector opt.
+               zbtr= 1. / ( e1t(ji,jj)*e2t(ji,jj)*fse3t(ji,jj,jk) )
+               zta = zbtr * ( ftu(ji,jj,jk) - ftu(ji-1,jj,jk) + ftv(ji,jj,jk) - ftv(ji,jj-1,jk)  )
+               zsa = zbtr * ( fsu(ji,jj,jk) - fsu(ji-1,jj,jk) + fsv(ji,jj,jk) - fsv(ji,jj-1,jk)  )
+               ta (ji,jj,jk) = ta (ji,jj,jk) + zta
+               sa (ji,jj,jk) = sa (ji,jj,jk) + zsa
+            END DO
+         END DO
+         !                                          ! ===============
+      END DO                                        !   End of slab  
+      !                                             ! ===============
+
+      IF( ln_diaptr .AND. ( MOD( kt, nf_ptr ) == 0 ) ) THEN   ! Poleward diffusive heat and salt transports
+         pht_ldf(:) = ptr_vj( zftv(:,:,:) )
+         pst_ldf(:) = ptr_vj( zfsv(:,:,:) )
+      ENDIF
+
+      !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+      !!   III - vertical trend of T & S (extra diagonal terms only)
+      !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+      ! I.5 Divergence of vertical fluxes added to the general tracer trend
+      ! -------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+      DO jk=1,jpk
+      DO jj=2,jpjm1
+      DO ji=fs_2,fs_jpim1
+               tfw(ji,jj,jk)=tfw(ji,jj,jk)*(fsahtw(ji,jj,jk)+fsaeiw(ji,jj,jk))
+               sfw(ji,jj,jk)=sfw(ji,jj,jk)*(fsahtw(ji,jj,jk)+fsaeiw(ji,jj,jk))
+      END DO
+      END DO
+      END DO
+
+      DO jk = 1, jpkm1
+         DO jj = 2, jpjm1
+            DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1   ! vector opt.
+               zbtr =  1. / ( e1t(ji,jj)*e2t(ji,jj)*fse3t(ji,jj,jk) )
+               zta  = (  tfw(ji,jj,jk) - tfw(ji,jj,jk+1)  ) * zbtr
+               zsa  = (  sfw(ji,jj,jk) - sfw(ji,jj,jk+1)  ) * zbtr
+               ta(ji,jj,jk) = ta(ji,jj,jk) + zta
+               sa(ji,jj,jk) = sa(ji,jj,jk) + zsa
+            END DO
+         END DO
+      END DO
+      !
+      DO jk=1,jpk
+      DO jj=2,jpjm1
+      DO ji=fs_2,fs_jpim1
+       psix_eiv(ji,jj,jk) = psix_eiv(ji,jj,jk)*fsaeiu(ji,jj,jk)
+       psiy_eiv(ji,jj,jk) = psiy_eiv(ji,jj,jk)*fsaeiv(ji,jj,jk)
+      END DO
+      END DO
+      END DO
+
+   END SUBROUTINE tra_ldf_iso_grif
+
+#else
+   !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+   !!   default option :   Dummy code   NO rotation of the diffusive tensor
+   !!----------------------------------------------------------------------
+CONTAINS
+   SUBROUTINE tra_ldf_iso_grif( kt )               ! Empty routine
+      WRITE(*,*) 'tra_ldf_iso_grif: You should not have seen this print! error?', kt
+   END SUBROUTINE tra_ldf_iso_grif
+#endif
+
+   !!==============================================================================
+END MODULE traldf_iso_grif
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/TRA/trazdf_imp.F90
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/TRA/trazdf_imp.F90	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/TRA/trazdf_imp.F90	(revision 2205)
@@ -136,5 +136,17 @@
 #if defined key_ldfslp
       ! update and save of avt (and avs if double diffusive mixing)
-      IF( l_traldf_rot ) THEN
+      IF ( ln_traldf_grif ) THEN
+         DO jk = 2, jpkm1
+            DO jj = 2, jpjm1
+               DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1   ! vector opt.
+                  zavi = fsahtw(ji,jj,jk) * wslp2(ji,jj,jk)                ! vertical mixing coef. due to lateral mixing
+                  zwt(ji,jj,jk) = avt(ji,jj,jk) + zavi              ! zwt=avt+zavi (total vertical mixing coef. on temperature)
+# if defined key_zdfddm
+                  zavsi(ji,jj,jk) = fsavs(ji,jj,jk) + zavi          ! dd mixing: zavsi = total vertical mixing coef. on salinity
+# endif
+               END DO
+            END DO
+         END DO
+      ELSE IF (l_traldf_rot ) THEN
          DO jk = 2, jpkm1
             DO jj = 2, jpjm1
@@ -281,5 +293,5 @@
       END DO
 
-      ! Surface boudary conditions
+      ! Surface boundary conditions
       DO jj = 2, jpjm1
          DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1   ! vector opt.
Index: /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/step.F90
===================================================================
--- /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/step.F90	(revision 2204)
+++ /branches/DEV_r2191_3partymerge2010/NEMO/OPA_SRC/step.F90	(revision 2205)
@@ -232,5 +232,10 @@
             &                              gtu, gsu, gru,  &    ! of t, s, rd at the last ocean level
             &                              gtv, gsv, grv )
+         IF ( .NOT. ln_traldf_grif ) THEN
                          CALL ldf_slp( kstp, rhd, rn2b )        ! before slope of the lateral mixing
+         ELSE
+                         CALL ldf_slp_grif( kstp )
+                         IF ( ln_dynldf_bilap .OR. ln_dynldf_iso ) CALL ldf_slp( kstp, rhd, rn2b )
+      ENDIF
       ENDIF
 #if defined key_traldf_c2d
