Byrd Ice Core CO2 Data for 20-90 KYrBP ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Byrd Ice Core CO2 Data for 20-90 KYrBP LAST UPDATE: 10/2008 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Jinho Ahn and Edward J. Brook IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2008-095 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Ahn, J. and E.J. Brook. 2008. Byrd Ice Core CO2 Data for 20-90 KYrBP. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2008-095. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCES: References for CO2 data: Ahn, J. and E.J. Brook. 2008. Atmospheric CO2 and Climate on Millennial Time Scales During the Last Glacial Period. Science, 322, 83-85, doi: 10.1126/science.1160832. Ahn, J. and Brook, E.J. 2007. Atmospheric CO2 and climate from 65 to 30 ka B.P.. Geophysical Research Letters, 34, L10703, doi:10.1029/2007GL029551. References for CO2 age: Blunier-01 age: Blunier, T., and Brook, E.J. 2001. Timing of millennial-scale climate change in Antarctica and Greenland during the last glacial period. Science, 291, 109-112. Ahn-08 age: Ahn, J. and E.J. Brook. 2008. Atmospheric CO2 and Climate on Millennial Time Scales During the Last Glacial Period. Science, 322, 83-85, doi: 10.1126/science.1160832. ABSTRACT (Ahn and Brook 2008): Reconstructions of ancient atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) variations help us better understand how the global carbon cycle and climate are linked. We compared CO2 variations on millennial time scales between 20,000 and 90,000 years ago with an Antarctic temperature proxy and records of abrupt climate change in the Northern Hemisphere. CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature were positively correlated over millennial-scale climate cycles, implying a strong connection to Southern Ocean processes. Evidence from marine sediment proxies indicates that CO2 concentration rose most rapidly when North Atlantic Deep Water shoaled and stratification in the Southern Ocean was reduced. These increases in CO2 concentration occurred during stadial (cold) periods in the Northern Hemisphere, several thousand years before abrupt warming events in Greenland. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Antarctica PERIOD OF RECORD: 90 - 20 KYrBP FUNDING SOURCES: Gary Comer Science and Education Foundation, and US National Science Foundation grants OPP 0337891 and ATM 0602395. DESCRIPTION: Byrd ice core carbon dioxide data for 20-90 KYrBP, analyzed at Oregon State University. Byrd Ice Core location: 80.01°S , 119.51°W; 1530 m elev. DATA: Byrd Ice Core CO2 Data for 20-90 KYrBP Column 1: Depth (m) Column 2: Blunier 2001 Age (ka before 1950 AD) Column 3: Ahn 2008 Age (ka before 1950 AD) Column 4: Mean CO2 (ppm) Column 5: Number of replicates Column 6: Uncertainty (ppm)* Column 7: Reference *Uncertainty is estimated from the standard deviation of the mean for 2~5 ice samples Depth Age Bl01 Age Ahn08 Mean CO2 Repl. Uncert. Ref. 1315.91 19.460 19.286 194.36 2 0.97 AB-08 1332.34 20.061 19.887 191.14 2 0.19 AB-08 1334.20 20.152 19.978 192.54 2 0.09 AB-08 1346.28 20.578 20.404 204.27 2 0.48 AB-08 1353.02 20.759 20.585 195.37 2 0.02 AB-08 1363.17 21.065 20.891 197.12 2 1.04 AB-08 1381.14 21.731 21.557 195.81 2 1.66 AB-08 1401.95 22.399 22.225 199.75 3 4.49 AB-08 1410.30 22.729 22.555 194.62 2 0.31 AB-08 1420.27 23.530 23.356 195.97 2 1.88 AB-08 1430.78 24.824 24.650 194.74 2 1.94 AB-08 1441.45 26.002 25.828 189.76 2 1.30 AB-08 1460.20 26.711 26.537 192.21 2 1.28 AB-08 1470.77 27.148 26.974 184.40 2 1.42 AB-08 1480.48 27.619 27.445 188.07 2 1.48 AB-08 1490.87 27.989 27.815 201.96 2 0.46 AB-08 1496.52 28.135 27.961 204.98 2 1.71 AB-08 1503.54 28.395 28.221 205.91 3 2.43 AB-08 1512.46 28.660 28.486 207.48 2 1.73 AB-08 1523.46 29.147 28.973 205.54 2 0.40 AB-08 1533.76 29.568 29.396 201.49 2 1.84 AB-08 1543.63 30.013 29.843 197.51 2 3.18 AB-08 1552.76 30.412 30.245 195.36 2 0.89 AB-08 1573.34 31.216 31.053 195.09 3 2.37 AB-08 1581.93 31.738 31.577 202.29 2 0.38 AB-08 1594.06 32.328 32.170 203.67 2 0.40 AB-08 1615.15 33.450 33.297 208.11 2 0.11 AB-08 1620.38 33.692 33.541 205.25 2 0.53 AB-08 1631.11 34.183 34.033 201.53 2 1.67 AB-08 1640.90 34.630 34.484 213.08 2 0.47 AB-08 1650.56 35.097 34.953 206.62 2 1.72 AB-08 1658.96 35.428 35.286 209.93 2 1.10 AB-08 1677.79 36.249 36.111 207.76 2 0.00 AB-08 1688.63 36.840 36.704 212.63 2 0.99 AB-08 1693.68 37.167 37.033 213.98 2 1.37 AB-08 1699.73 37.621 37.488 217.48 2 1.16 AB-08 1708.70 38.122 37.992 216.21 2 1.03 AB-08 1714.20 38.428 38.298 216.52 2 2.21 AB-08 1717.20 38.545 38.415 212.50 2 1.51 AB-08 1719.47 38.655 38.520 211.09 2 1.83 AB-08 1723.22 38.850 38.708 214.78 2 2.64 AB-08 1730.78 39.163 39.006 207.63 2 0.18 AB-08 1740.51 39.539 39.364 214.06 2 0.14 AB-08 1743.27 39.651 39.470 213.84 2 1.23 AB-08 1747.69 39.811 39.621 203.03 2 1.03 AB-08 1755.15 40.038 39.834 202.11 2 0.45 AB-08 1760.29 40.172 39.958 203.78 2 2.59 AB-08 1770.24 40.544 40.311 203.40 2 1.56 AB-08 1779.99 40.966 40.714 201.30 2 1.46 AB-08 1790.29 41.585 41.313 202.69 2 2.43 AB-08 1802.03 42.320 42.025 204.64 2 0.56 AB-08 1811.74 42.851 42.537 207.18 2 1.53 AB-08 1821.19 43.591 43.259 210.31 2 0.60 AB-08 1830.63 44.137 43.786 214.57 2 0.51 AB-08 1840.93 44.598 44.228 216.83 3 2.50 AB-08 1844.41 44.760 44.383 215.54 2 1.26 AB-08 1847.46 44.899 44.516 219.62 2 0.94 AB-08 1855.09 45.229 44.831 221.00 2 0.60 AB-08 1859.57 45.526 45.120 217.56 2 0.82 AB-08 1861.17 45.633 45.223 219.39 2 0.53 AB-08 1862.59 45.725 45.313 218.62 2 2.56 AB-08 1864.56 45.852 45.436 217.23 2 2.04 AB-08 1867.90 46.075 45.654 211.58 2 0.64 AB-08 1871.26 46.298 45.872 206.99 2 0.29 AB-08 1873.26 46.431 46.002 209.25 2 1.24 AB-08 1880.36 46.889 46.448 205.61 2 1.63 AB-08 1884.88 47.187 46.740 204.28 2 1.02 AB-08 1892.21 47.687 47.228 205.36 2 1.00 AB-08 1894.8 47.865 47.402 205.51 2 1.63 AB-07 1903.72 48.450 47.973 201.79 2 2.79 AB-07 1909.75 48.874 48.388 211.47 4 1.09 AB-07 1911.29 48.984 48.495 207.15 4 1.93 AB-07 1914.31 49.191 48.697 212.35 2 0.57 AB-07 1920.25 49.596 49.092 213.91 4 2.43 AB-07 1929.4 50.230 49.712 216.76 2 0.28 AB-07 1938.5 50.857 50.325 215.07 2 0.30 AB-07 1943.09 51.175 50.636 218.12 5 2.35 AB-07 1945.98 51.394 50.850 221.08 3 0.35 AB-07 1953.17 51.894 51.339 216.69 4 2.96 AB-07 1956.34 52.193 51.633 217.93 2 2.81 AB-07 1959.23 52.505 51.941 218.83 2 1.55 AB-07 1962.18 52.812 52.259 219.08 4 2.10 AB-07 1963.62 52.963 52.423 215.70 2 1.94 AB-07 1968.07 53.422 52.923 212.28 2 2.52 AB-07 1972.66 53.926 53.470 213.25 2 0.74 AB-07 1978.74 54.577 54.177 205.57 2 0.58 AB-07 1981.61 54.859 54.486 212.48 4 2.46 AB-07 1988.98 55.644 55.339 215.94 2 0.96 AB-07 1995.01 56.317 56.068 215.25 2 0.38 AB-07 2001.46 57.022 56.833 218.27 2 3.65 AB-07 2003.23 57.222 57.049 223.09 2 0.30 AB-07 2013.21 58.096 58.016 222.69 3 2.59 AB-07 2017.71 58.467 58.421 224.99 2 0.97 AB-07 2022.42 59.125 59.072 220.11 2 1.49 AB-07 2026.9 59.806 59.746 224.21 3 1.18 AB-07 2028.47 60.039 59.976 217.96 2 1.39 AB-07 2031.5 60.526 60.459 218.85 2 3.26 AB-07 2037.68 61.451 61.374 210.28 2 1.65 AB-07 2042.43 62.186 62.102 212.26 2 0.85 AB-07 2048.32 63.079 62.986 204.65 2 0.39 AB-07 2051.4 63.526 63.429 206.76 2 2.20 AB-07 2055.9 64.152 64.048 204.06 2 0.84 AB-07 2066.85 65.565 65.444 208.22 2 2.01 AB-08 2069.64 65.938 65.813 207.08 2 2.09 AB-08 2072.65 66.333 66.204 217.67 2 2.07 AB-08 2075.59 66.779 66.644 211.79 2 0.25 AB-08 2075.745 66.818 66.6833 219.64 3 1.17 AB-08 2076.02 66.890 66.755 222.40 2 0.47 AB-08 2076.43 66.997 66.861 223.63 2 0.27 AB-08 2077.02 67.151 67.014 220.43 2 3.79 AB-08 2080.12 67.959 67.818 244.03 2 5.52 AB-08 2080.61 68.086 67.944 240.28 2 0.28 AB-08 2081.10 68.213 68.071 246.47 2 0.93 AB-08 2081.59 68.340 68.197 247.22 2 2.42 AB-08 2082.54 68.582 68.435 249.96 3 3.97 AB-08 2082.64 68.608 68.460 248.32 2 2.08 AB-08 2083.085 68.721 68.5708 238.70 4 4.19 AB-08 2083.54 68.837 68.685 238.61 2 0.33 AB-08 2083.82 68.908 68.755 238.78 2 1.42 AB-08 2084.14 68.989 68.834 238.84 2 0.02 AB-08 2084.52 69.086 68.929 231.99 3 4.59 AB-08 2085.44 69.314 69.149 237.98 2 0.97 AB-08 2087.02 69.706 69.527 237.26 3 0.40 AB-08 2087.75 69.886 69.700 233.74 2 0.93 AB-08 2089.24 70.246 70.048 234.85 2 0.19 AB-08 2090.16 70.469 70.262 234.35 2 3.03 AB-08 2093.50 71.337 71.101 237.17 2 0.49 AB-08 2093.71 71.395 71.158 236.62 3 1.43 AB-08 2095.46 71.875 71.622 240.58 2 3.79 AB-08 2097.91 72.515 72.240 246.81 3 2.23 AB-08 2099.29 72.885 72.598 244.19 1 AB-08 2100.05 73.073 72.783 246.30 2 0.85 AB-08 2100.69 73.230 72.937 236.93 2 0.88 AB-08 2101.27 73.369 73.079 242.80 2 3.41 AB-08 2101.80 73.492 73.209 241.26 2 0.14 AB-08 2101.97 73.531 73.251 237.79 4 2.31 AB-08 2103.15 73.805 73.542 240.63 3 0.85 AB-08 2103.60 73.909 73.653 235.11 2 0.58 AB-08 2104.68 74.184 73.944 231.11 2 0.89 AB-08 2105.52 74.410 74.182 228.82 2 2.08 AB-08 2106.32 74.656 74.440 223.79 2 1.22 AB-08 2107.63 75.055 74.858 230.49 2 0.28 AB-08 2109.17 75.518 75.343 228.85 2 0.25 AB-08 2110.06 75.783 75.621 226.25 1 AB-08 2111.20 76.120 75.975 229.45 2 2.14 AB-08 2113.37 76.765 76.651 229.56 2 1.56 AB-08 2116.08 77.586 77.513 232.82 3 1.97 AB-08 2116.73 77.785 77.721 240.83 3 1.24 AB-08 2120.16 78.809 78.795 235.51 2 0.11 AB-08 2122.78 79.604 79.628 238.65 2 4.76 AB-08 2125.62 80.449 80.515 240.08 3 1.03 AB-08 2126.13 80.635 80.708 233.00 3 1.69 AB-08 2130.20 82.116 82.248 250.22 2 4.72 AB-08 2130.67 82.399 82.539 246.47 2 0.04 AB-08 2130.78 82.466 82.607 244.08 2 2.06 AB-08 2131.99 83.195 83.354 250.70 2 0.33 AB-08 2132.50 83.503 83.669 248.75 2 2.37 AB-08 2132.66 83.600 83.766 237.44 2 2.38 AB-08 2134.46 84.687 84.855 240.19 2 1.00 AB-08 2134.70 84.828 84.996 240.36 2 1.19 AB-08 2135.22 85.133 85.301 233.84 2 0.20 AB-08 2135.97 85.572 85.740 241.73 2 1.76 AB-08 2136.25 85.734 85.902 220.23 2 5.01 AB-08 2136.93 86.127 86.295 225.72 2 1.15 AB-08 2137.57 86.498 86.666 228.99 3 1.73 AB-08 2138.02 86.764 86.932 229.26 2 1.58 AB-08 2138.32 86.942 87.110 218.37 2 0.94 AB-08 2138.79 87.221 87.389 222.25 2 1.43 AB-08 2143.57 90.075 90.266 236.19 5 2.31 AB-08 2144.02 90.342 90.534 235.65 2 2.86 AB-08 2144.72 90.759 90.953 242.07 3 4.54 AB-08