[[Image()]]= Evaluation of ORCHIDEE for N coumpounds emissions =


== Working group ==
Mohamed Saad, Nicolas Vuichard, Juliette Lathiere, Didier Hauglustaine
==  Planned work ==
1-Perform a set of simulations with the ORCHIDEE model to quantify the fluxes of nitrogen compounds (NH3,NOx,N2O) emitted by the soil.

2-Evaluate simulated emissions at national, continental and global scales by comparing them to emissions by other methods such as inventories (eg: EDGAR).

3-Develop the coupling between ORCHIDEE and INCA models in terms of downward (deposition)and upward(emissions) N fluxes.
== Team meeting: 06/03/2019 ==
Define the work steps: 
  - Read some bibliographical references related to the subject of work.
  - Start by seeing outputs of a simulation performed by the ORCHIDEE model as part of NMIP (Tian et al., 2018a, b).
      * look at the variable NH3_EMISSION which gives the emissions per m2 of each type of vegetation. It is an information to combine with the file VEGET_MAX which gives us the fraction of mesh occupied by each type of vegetation.
  - See the outputs of the NH3 simulations made by INCA to compare them with those of ORCHIDEE.

== Team meeting: 13/03/2019 ==
Evaluate the outputs of the NH3 (monthly, seasonal(averaged, maximum, minimum)) simulations of ORCHIDEE (2016) and INCA.


||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_JANVIER.png)]] '''January'''||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_FEVRIER.png)]] '''February'''||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_MARS.png)]] '''March'''||
||[[Image( NH3_EMISSION_AVRIL.png)]]  '''April'''||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_MAI.png)]] '''May''' ||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_JUIN.png)]] '''June''' ||
||[[Image( NH3_EMISSION_JUILLET.png)]]  '''July'''||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_AOUT.png)]] '''August''' ||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_SEPTEMBRE.png)]] '''September'''
||[[Image( NH3_EMISSION_OCTOBRE.png)]]  '''October'''||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_NOVEMBRE.png)]] '''November''' ||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_DECEMBRE.png)]] '''December'''||
'''Monthly averaged emissions of NH3 simulated by ORCHIDEE model for 2016.'''


||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_HIVER.png)]] '''Winter'''||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_PRINTEMPS.png)]] '''Spring'''
||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_ETE.png)]] '''Summer'''||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_AUTOMNE.png)]] '''Autumn'''|| 
'''Seasonal Averaged emissions of NH3 simulated by ORCHIDEE model of 2016.'''

||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_HIVER_MAX.png)]] '''Winter''' ||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_ETE_MAX.png)]] '''Summer'''||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_AUTOMNE_MAX.png)]] '''Autumn'''||
'''Maximum emissions of NH3 simulated by ORCHIDEE model for 2016.'''


||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_HIVER_MIN.png)]] '''Winter'''||[[Image( NH3_EMISSION_PRINTEMPS_MIN.png)]] '''Spring'''||

||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_ETE_MIN.png)]] '''Summer'''||[[Image(NH3_EMISSION_AUTOMNE_MIN.png)]] '''Automn'''|| 
'''Minimum emissions of NH3 simulated by ORCHIDEE model for 2016.'''
 
||[[Image(FLX_NH3_JANVIER.png)]] '''January'''||[[Image(FLX_NH3_FEVRIER.png)]] '''February'''||[[Image(FLX_NH3_MARS.png)]]  '''March'''||
||[[Image(FLX_NH3_AVRIL.png)]] '''April'''||[[Image(FLX_NH3_MAI.png)]] '''May'''||[[Image(FLX_NH3_JUIN.png)]] '''June'''||
||[[Image(FLX_NH3_JUILLET.png)]] '''July'''||[[Image(FLX_NH3_AOUT.png)]] '''August'''||[[Image(FLX_NH3_SEPTEMBRE.png)]] '''September'''||
||[[Image(FLX_NH3_OCTOBRE.png)]] '''October'''||[[Image(FLX_NH3_NOVEMBRE.png)]] '''November'''||[[Image(FLX_NH3_DECEMBRE.png)]] '''December'''||
'''Monthly averaged emissions of NH3 of INCA''' 

||[[Image(FLX_NH3_PRINTEMPS.png)]] '''Spring'''||[[Image(FLX_NH3_ETE.png)]] '''Summer'''||[[Image(FLX_NH3_AUTOMNE.png)]] '''Autumn'''||
''' Seasonal averaged emissions of NH3 simulated by INCA.'''

||[[Image(FLX_NH3_PRINTEMPS_MAX.png)]] '''Spring'''||[[Image(FLX_NH3_ETE_MAX.png)]] '''Summer'''||[[Image(FLX_NH3_AUTOMNE_MAX.png)]] '''Autumn'''||
'''Maximum emissions of NH3 simulated by INCA.'''


||[[Image(FLX_NH3_PRINTEMPS_MIN.png)]] '''Spring'''||||[[Image(FLX_NH3_ETE_MIN.png)]] '''Summer''' ||[[Image(FLX_NH3_AUTOMNE_MIN.png)]] '''Autumn'''||
'''Minimum emissions of NH3 simulated by INCA.'''

What is the temporal variability of the emissions of NH3 mainly for the months of May and September?

== Recommendations ==
* include the global balances of the emissions of NH3 for ORCHIDEE and INCA for the period of 2000-2014.

== Team meeting: 20/03/2019 ==
||[[Image(bilan_globe_2000_2014_ceds_orc.gif)]]||
'''Global balances of the emissions of NH3 for ORCHIDEE (black) and INCA (red) for the period of 2000-2014.'''

What is the origin of this difference between the global balances of the emissions of NH3.
== Recommendations ==

*  Focus on NH3 emissions from the agricultural sector for INCA.
*  See references and inventories.
*  Compare the emissions of NH3 for INCA with those of the EDGAR inventory.

== Team meeting: 27/03/2019 ==

||'''EDGAR'''||'''4B_ Manure Management:''' cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, camels and llamas , horses, mules , asses, swine, poultry||'''4C+4D_ Agricultural Soils:''' rice cultivation,  N- crops, organic and inorganic fertilizers, biological Nitrogen fixation, crop residues||'''4F_Field burning of agricultural Residues:''' cereals, pulse, tuber and root, sugar cane, other||'''CEDS'''||'''3B_ Manure Management:''' manure management of cattle, buffalo, sheep, geese,goats, camels, horses, asses, swine, chickens, ducks, turkeys||'''3D_ Soils Emissions:''' rice cultivation,nitrogen fertilizers, animal waste as fertilizer, N-fixing crops, crop residues, Histosols, buffalo in pasture, cattle in pasture, chickens in pasture, ducks in pasture, goats in pasture, horses in pasture, mules and asses in pasture, pigs in pasture, sheep in pasture, turkeys in pasture, Agricultural soils, liming||
'''Agriculture sector sources for EDGAR and INCA.'''

||[[Image(NH3_EM_ANTHRO_2000_Moyenne.png)]] '''2000'''||[[Image(NH3_EM_ANTHRO_2001_Moyenne.png)]] '''2001'''||[[Image(NH3_EM_ANTHRO_2002_Moyenne.png)]] '''2002'''|| 
||[[Image(NH3_EM_ANTHRO_2003_Moyenne.png)]] '''2003'''||[[Image(NH3_EM_ANTHRO_2004_Moyenne.png)]] '''2004'''||[[Image(NH3_EM_ANTHRO_2005_Moyenne.png)]] '''2005'''|| 
||[[Image(NH3_EM_ANTHRO_2006_Moyenne.png)]] '''2006'''||[[Image(NH3_EM_ANTHRO_2007_Moyenne.png)]] '''2007'''||[[Image(NH3_EM_ANTHRO_2008_Moyenne.png)]] '''2008'''|| 
||[[Image(NH3_EM_ANTHRO_2009_Moyenne.png)]] '''2009'''||[[Image(NH3_EM_ANTHRO_2010_Moyenne.png)]] '''2010'''||[[Image(NH3_EM_ANTHRO_2011_Moyenne.png)]] '''2011'''||
||[[Image(NH3_EM_ANTHRO_2012_Moyenne.png)]]'''2012'''||
'''Annual emissions of NH3 for INCA from the agricultural sector from 2000 to 2012.''' 

||[[Image(Emissions de NH3_EDGAR_2000.png)]] '''2000'''||[[Image(Emissions de NH3_EDGAR_2001.png)]] '''2001'''||[[Image(Emissions de NH3_EDGAR_2002.png)]] '''2002'''|| 
||[[Image(Emissions de NH3_EDGAR_2003.png)]]  '''2003'''||[[Image(Emissions de NH3_EDGAR_2004.png)]] '''2004'''||[[Image(Emissions de NH3_EDGAR_2005.png)]] '''2005'''||
||[[Image(Emissions de NH3_EDGAR_2006.png)]]  '''2006'''||[[Image(Emissions de NH3_EDGAR_2007.png)]] '''2007'''||[[Image(Emissions de NH3_EDGAR_2008.png)]] '''2008'''|| 
||[[Image(Emissions de NH3_EDGAR_2009.png)]] '''2009'''||[[Image(Emissions de NH3_EDGAR_2010.png)]] '''2010'''||[[Image(Emissions de NH3_EDGAR_2011.png)]]  '''2011'''|||
||[[Image(Emissions de NH3_EDGAR_2012.png)]] '''2012'''|| 
'''Annual emissions of NH3 for EDGAR inventory from 2000 to 2012.'''

What are the different sources that contribute to emissions from the agricultural sector for EDGAR inventory.

== Recommendations ==
*  Focus on NH3 emissions from the agricultural sector for EDGAR inventory.
== Team meeting: 03/04/2019 ==
The important sources for which the EDGAR inventory accounts for the agricultural sector are:
* Agricultural Soil: 4C + 4D 
* Manure Management: 4B 
* Agricultural Waste BURNING: 4F

||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_2000.png)]] '''2000'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_2001.png)]] '''2001'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_2002.png)]] '''2002'''||
||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_2003.png)]] '''2003'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_2004.png)]] '''2004'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_2005.png)]]  '''2005'''|| 
||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_2006.png)]] '''2006'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_2007.png)]] '''2007'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_2008.png)]] '''2008'''|| 
||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_2009.png)]] '''2009'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_2010.png)]] '''2010'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_2011.png)]] '''2011'''|| 
||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_2012.png)]] '''2012'''||
'''Annual emissions of NH3 from agricultural soil for EDGAR inventory from 2000 to 2012.'''

||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_2000.png)]] '''2000'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_2001.png)]] '''2001'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_2002.png)]] '''2002'''|| 
||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_2003.png)]] '''2003'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_2004.png)]] '''2004'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_2005.png)]] '''2005'''|| 
||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_2006.png)]] '''2006'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_2007.png)]] '''2007'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_2008.png)]] '''2008'''|| 
||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_2009.png)]] '''2009'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_2010.png)]] '''2010'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_2011.png)]] '''2011'''|| 

||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_2012.png)]] '''2012'''||
'''Annual emissions of NH3 from manure management for EDGAR inventory from 2000 to 2012.'''
 


what is the monthly variability of NH3 emissions from agricultural soil and manure management for EDGAR inventory.

The monthly data available for agricultural soil and manure management are for the year 2010.

||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_JANVIER2010.png)]] '''January'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_FEVRIER2010.png)]] '''February'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_MARS2010.png)]] '''March'''||
||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_AVRIL2010.png)]] '''April'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_MAI2010.png)]] '''May'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_JUIN2010.png)]] '''June'''||
||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_JUILLET2010.png)]] '''July'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_AOUT2010.png)]] '''August'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_SEPTEMBRE2010.png)]] '''September'''||
||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_OCTOBRE2010.png)]] '''October''' ||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_NOVEMBRE2010.png)]] '''November'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_AS_DECEMBRE2010.png)]] '''December'''||
'''Monthly change in NH3 emissions from agricultural soil for the EDGAR inventory for 2010.'''


||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_JANVIER2010.png)]] '''January'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_FEVRIER2010.png)]] '''February'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_MARS2010.png)]]''' March'''||
||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_AVRIL2010.png)]] '''April'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_MAI2010.png)]] '''May'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_JUIN2010.png)]] '''June'''||
||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_JUILLET2010.png)]] '''July'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_AOUT2010.png)]] '''August'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_SEPTEMBRE2010.png)]] '''September'''||
||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_OCTOBRE2010.png)]] '''October'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_NOVEMBRE2010.png)]] '''November'''||[[Image(EMI_NH3_MM_DECEMBRE2010.png)]] '''December'''||
'''Monthly change in NH3 emissions from manure management for the EDGAR inventory for 2010.'''



||[[Image(variation mensuelle des émissions de NH3_EDGAR.png)]]||

== Recommendations ==
*  Monthly reports of NH3 emissions for the various sources involved in the agriculture sector of the EDGAR inventory for the year 2010.

== Team meeting: 10/04/2019 ==

||[[Image(bilan_mensuelle_2010_AGS_MM_AWB.gif)]] '''90S_90N'''||[[Image(bilan_mensuelle_2010_1_AGS_MM_AWB.gif)]] '''90S_30S'''
||[[Image(bilan_mensuelle_2010_2_AGS_MM_AWB.gif)]] '''30S_30N'''||[[Image(bilan_mensuelle_2010_3_AGS_MM_AWB.gif)]] '''30N_90N'''||
'''Monthly reports of NH3 emissions for the various sources involved in the agriculture sector of the EDGAR inventory for the year 2010.'''





























'''References'''
1- Hoesly et al.,2018: Historical (1750–2014) anthropogenic emissions of reactive gasesand aerosols from the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS).
2- Riddick et al.,2016: Estimate of changes in agricultural terrestrial nitrogen pathwaysand ammonia emissions from 1850 to present in theCommunity Earth System Model.
3- Crippa et al.,2018: Gridded emissions of air pollutants for the period 1970–2012 within EDGAR v4.3.2
4- Janssens-Maenhou et al.,2017: EDGAR v4.3.2 Global Atlas of the three major Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the period 1970–2012.
5- Janssens-Maenhout,2015: HTAP_v2.2: a mosaic of regional and global emission grid maps for 2008 and 2010 to study hemispheric transport of air pollution.