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= Drivers of ORCHIDEE model =
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ORCHIDEE needs several forcing data in order to run correctly. The number of requested data is dependant of the configuration used.
In On-Line mode, the data needed are related to soil texture and color. If the vegetation is prescribed, ORCHIDEE needs in addition a vegetation information defining the fraction of each PFT per gridcell. Vegetation types gathered in these vegetation maps can be either PFT or Holson categories.
In Off-Line mode, ORCHIDEE is forced by weather data based on observations or climate model reanalysis.
Last, depending of the options activated within a run of ORCHIDEE, additional maps might be used for irrigation, slope for routing scheme, ...
This document [attachment:Description_Forcing_Files.pdf] provides detail of how forcing files need to be prepared. It addresses in particular the issues one may face when the fluxes are averaged and scalar variables instantaneous. The driver needs to take this into account else the diurnal cycle needs to be misplaced. Some data providers have different convention for representing averaged fluxes and this type of details matter.
== 1. Weather data ==
These forcing files are stored in the shared accounts in IGCM/BC/OOL/OL2 directory. The shared accounts are found :
* At TGCC: /ccc/work/cont003/dsm/p86ipsl/IGCM
* At IDRIS:
* On the ada machine: /workgpfs/rech/psl/rpsl035/IGCM
* On the ergon machine: /u/rech/psl/rpsl035/IGCM
* LSCE, obelix : /home/orchideeshare/igcmg/IGCM
* IPSL (ciclad) /prodigfs/ipslfs/igcmg/IGCM
* At DODS : http://dods.ipsl.jussieu.fr/igcmg/IGCM
=== 1.1 CRU ===
|| Name || || Spatial information || ||Temporal information || || || || Web documentation || || || Size ||
|| Abbreviation || Full name || Coverage || Resolution || First year || Last year || Number of years || Resolution || Informations || Data download || References || GB ||
|| forceYYYY.nc || || -180:180; -90:90 || 720x360 || 1901 || 2002 || 103 || monthly || || oct 2004 || || 10.7 GB ||
|| forceYYYY_YYYY.nc || || -180:180; -90:90 || 720x360 || 1901_1909 || 1994_2002 || 7 || monthly || || oct 2004 || || ||
=== 1.2 CRU-NCEP ===
|| Name || || Spatial information || ||Temporal information || || || || Web documentation || || || Size ||
|| Abbreviation || Full name || Coverage || Resolution || First year || Last year || Number of years || Resolution || Informations || Data download || References || GB ||
|| cruncep_halfdeg_????.nc || || -180:180; -90:90 || 720x360 || 1901 || 2010 || 110 || 6H || || 27 sept 2011|| || 362 GB ||
|| cruncep_halfdeg_????_noleap.nc || || -180:180; -90:90 || 720x360 || 1904 || 2008 || 27 || 6H || || 27 sept 2011|| || 89 GB ||
There are different version of CRU-NCEP. The latest version containing bug corrections is the v5.3.2.
=== 1.3 FLUXNET ===
|| Name || || Spatial information || ||Temporal information || || || || Web documentation || || || Size ||
|| Abbreviation || Full name || Coverage || Resolution || First year || Last year || Number of years || Resolution || Informations || Data download || References || GB ||
|| IdSite_Fyear-Lyear.nc || eg. FR-LBr_1996-2006.nc || / || in-situ || site-specific || || || 30minutes || http://dods.ipsl.jussieu.fr/igcmg/IGCM/BC/OOL/OL2/FLUXNET/README.pdf || || http://www.earth-syst-sci-data-discuss.net/8/23/2015/essdd-8-23-2015.html || 4Mo per year||
The data have been prepared for all sites of the Free Access Fluxnet database (http://www.fluxdata.org/DataInfo) as available in August, 2012 (~150 sites).
=== 1.4 ISLSCP ===
|| Name || || Spatial information || ||Temporal information || || || || Web documentation || || || Size ||
|| Abbreviation || Full name || Coverage || Resolution || First year || Last year || Number of years || Resolution || Informations || Data download || References || GB ||
|| islscp_for_1987.nc || || -180:180; -90:90 || 360x179 || 1987 || 1987 || 1 || 6H || || 28 jun 2005 || || 1.1 GB ||
=== 1.5 ISLSCP2 ===
|| Name || || Spatial information || ||Temporal information || || || || Web documentation || || || Size ||
|| Abbreviation || Full name || Coverage || Resolution || First year || Last year || Number of years || Resolution || Informations || Data download || References || GB ||
|| islscp_for_????.nc || || -180:180; -90:90 || 360x179 || 1982 || 1995 || 14 || 3H (6H for 1982) || || 28 jun 2005 || ||19 GB ||
=== 1.6 NCC ===
|| Name || || Spatial information || ||Temporal information || || || || Web documentation || || || Size ||
|| Abbreviation || Full name || Coverage || Resolution || First year || Last year || Number of years || Resolution || Informations || Data download || References || GB ||
|| ncc_for_????.nc || || -180:180; -90:90 || 360x180 || 1948 || 2000 || 52 || 6H || [http://thanh.ngoduc.free.fr/wiki/index.php/Main/NCCDataset info]|| sept 2005 ||[http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2005/2004JD005434.shtml ref] || 37 GB ||
=== 1.7 NLDAS ===
|| Name || || Spatial information || ||Temporal information || || || || Web documentation || || || Size ||
|| Abbreviation || Full name || Coverage || Resolution || First year || Last year || Number of years || Resolution || Informations || Data download || References || GB ||
|| orchidee_NLDAS_forcing_??????.nc || || -67:-24; 25:52 || 464x224 || 199701 || 200212 || 6 || 1H || || mai 2008 |||| 197 GB ||
=== 1.8 WFD3/annual ===
|| Name || || Spatial information || ||Temporal information || || || || Web documentation || || || Size ||
|| Abbreviation || Full name || Coverage || Resolution || First year || Last year || Number of years || Resolution || Informations || Data download || References || GB ||
|| WFD_????.nc || || -180:180; -90:90 || 720x360 || 1958 || 2001 || 44 || 3H || || april 2010 || || 300 GB ||
=== 1.9 WG ===
|| Name || || Spatial information || ||Temporal information || || || || Web documentation || || || Size ||
|| Abbreviation || Full name || Coverage || Resolution || First year || Last year || Number of years || Resolution || Informations || Data download || References || GB ||
|| WG_??.nc || || -180:180; -90:90 || 320x160 || 79 || 93 || 15 || 1M || || may 2007 || 20 MB ||
|| WG_CRU.nc (noleap) || || -180:180; -90:90 || 720x360 || || || 1 || 1M || || may 2007 |||| 37 GB ||
=== 1.10 Scripts examples ===
- FORTRAN 90 script to create a land points only forcing file (use of the compress attribute) [attachment:mk_grid.f90]
== 2. Vegetation information ==
ORCHIDEE model can read vegetation map based on Olson categories or on PFT categories. When a PFT map is used as an input, the parameter '''land_use''' in the .def file should be set to TRUE, else to FALSE.
=== 2.1 Olson map ===
A map at 5km resolution with the dominant Olson class has been generated by Nicolas Viovy based on a 1km IGBP map. The map is available on the common repository of ORCHIDEE forcing files on CCRT, IDRIS and other platforms. It is also available [http://dods.ipsl.jussieu.fr/orchidee/SANORCHIDEE/IGCM/INIT/SRF/OL2/carteveg5km.nc, here]. This map contains 94 land categories. The conversion from Olson to PFT categories is done within the code of ORCHIDEE. Up to the version 1.9.5.2, there was a bug when converting Olson category 79 (warm C4 woody savanna). It was distributed into tropical broad-leaved raingreen (40%) and C3 grass (40%) while it should have been tropical broad-leaved raingreen (40%) and '''C4''' grass (40%). This bug has been fixed in the version 1.9.6.
=== 2.2 PFT maps ===
==== 2.2.1 Based on Olson ====
===== Static maps =====
A Python script have been developed by Martial Mancip in order to convert 'offline' Olson-based map to PFT-based map. For this purpose, an Olson map has been generated at a 0.5 deg resolution, in which fractions of Olson categories are defined for each cell (and not only the dominant category). The 0.5° Olson map is available [http://dods.ipsl.jussieu.fr/orchidee/SANORCHIDEE/CarteVeg/vegcoor2D_bounds_2_CF_carteveg5km.nc here]. The PFT map generated by this script is available [http://dods.ipsl.jussieu.fr/igcmg/IGCM/BC/SRF/OL2/ ????].
===== Dynamic maps =====
The PFT map based on Olson categories has been combined with some historical trends and future projections datasets of Land-Use changes. This work has been carried out by Nathalie de Noblet within the frame of the AR5 IPCC exercise. The historical dataset is the HYDE 3.0 dataset (Klein Goldewijk) and the future projections are delivered by the four Integrated assessments models for the four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP): MESSAGE (RCP 8.5), AIM (RCP 6), MiniCAM (RCP 4.5), IMAGE (RCP 3.0). A report and a presentation on the methodology developped have been written by Nathalie. Both documents are availabe [
==== 2.2.2 Maps based on recent Satellite Land Cover products ====
In a recent paper (see reference below) B. Poulter has proposed a method to convert satellite land cover products (GLC2000, Globcover, MODIS) into PFT maps, using Köppen-Geiger bioclimatic zones. [[BR]]
N. Macbean and B. Poulter have updated the cross-walking approach based on discussions with the Globcover team in July 2012 at UCL. [[BR]]
The new land cover CCI should be available at end of 2012 for use with ORCHIDEE. [[BR]]
B. Poulter has developed tools to do conversions at any spatial resolution. N. Macbean has equivalent tools in python. Please contact them directly to know more about this. The objective is to have these tools available later for everybody under the TOOLS directory. [[BR]]
Poulter, B., Ciais, P., Hodson, E., Lischke, H., Maignan, F., Plummer, S. & Zimmerman, N. E. (2011). Plant functional type mapping for earth system models. Geoscientific Model Development, 4, 993–1010, doi:10.5194/gmd-4-993-2011
==== 2.2.3 Global Land Use modeling data formatted for ORCHIDEE ====
==== 2.2.4 Future projections based on RCP's ====
== 3. Soil texture and color data ==
== 4. Irrigation ==
== 5. Slope ==