1 | MODULE sbcblk_clio |
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2 | !!====================================================================== |
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3 | !! *** MODULE sbcblk_clio *** |
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4 | !! Ocean forcing: bulk thermohaline forcing of the ocean (or ice) |
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5 | !!===================================================================== |
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6 | !! History : OPA ! 1997-06 (Louvain-La-Neuve) Original code |
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7 | !! ! 2001-04 (C. Ethe) add flx_blk_declin |
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8 | !! NEMO 2.0 ! 2002-08 (C. Ethe, G. Madec) F90: Free form and module |
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9 | !! 3.0 ! 2008-03 (C. Talandier, G. Madec) surface module + LIM3 |
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10 | !! 3.2 ! 2009-04 (B. Lemaire) Introduce iom_put |
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11 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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12 | |
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13 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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14 | !! sbc_blk_clio : CLIO bulk formulation: read and update required input fields |
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15 | !! blk_clio_oce : ocean CLIO bulk formulea: compute momentum, heat and freswater fluxes for the ocean |
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16 | !! blk_ice_clio : ice CLIO bulk formulea: compute momentum, heat and freswater fluxes for the sea-ice |
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17 | !! blk_clio_qsr_oce : shortwave radiation for ocean computed from the cloud cover |
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18 | !! blk_clio_qsr_ice : shortwave radiation for ice computed from the cloud cover |
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19 | !! flx_blk_declin : solar declination |
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20 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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21 | USE oce ! ocean dynamics and tracers |
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22 | USE dom_oce ! ocean space and time domain |
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23 | USE phycst ! physical constants |
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24 | USE fldread ! read input fields |
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25 | USE sbc_oce ! Surface boundary condition: ocean fields |
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26 | USE iom ! I/O manager library |
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27 | USE in_out_manager ! I/O manager |
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28 | USE lib_mpp ! distribued memory computing library |
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29 | USE wrk_nemo ! work arrays |
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30 | USE timing ! Timing |
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31 | USE lbclnk ! ocean lateral boundary conditions (or mpp link) |
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32 | USE lib_fortran ! Fortran utilities (allows no signed zero when 'key_nosignedzero' defined) |
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33 | |
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34 | USE albedo |
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35 | USE prtctl ! Print control |
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36 | #if defined key_lim3 |
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37 | USE ice |
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38 | USE sbc_ice ! Surface boundary condition: ice fields |
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39 | #elif defined key_lim2 |
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40 | USE ice_2 |
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41 | #endif |
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42 | |
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43 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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44 | PRIVATE |
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45 | |
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46 | PUBLIC sbc_blk_clio ! routine called by sbcmod.F90 |
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47 | PUBLIC blk_ice_clio ! routine called by sbcice_lim.F90 |
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48 | |
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49 | INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jpfld = 7 ! maximum number of files to read |
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50 | INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_utau = 1 ! index of wind stress (i-component) (N/m2) at U-point |
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51 | INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_vtau = 2 ! index of wind stress (j-component) (N/m2) at V-point |
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52 | INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_wndm = 3 ! index of 10m wind module (m/s) at T-point |
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53 | INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_humi = 4 ! index of specific humidity ( % ) |
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54 | INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_ccov = 5 ! index of cloud cover ( % ) |
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55 | INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_tair = 6 ! index of 10m air temperature (Kelvin) |
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56 | INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_prec = 7 ! index of total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s) |
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57 | |
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58 | TYPE(FLD),ALLOCATABLE,DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! structure of input fields (file informations, fields read) |
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59 | |
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60 | INTEGER, PARAMETER :: jpintsr = 24 ! number of time step between sunrise and sunset |
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61 | ! ! uses for heat flux computation |
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62 | LOGICAL :: lbulk_init = .TRUE. ! flag, bulk initialization done or not) |
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63 | |
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64 | REAL(wp) :: cai = 1.40e-3 ! best estimate of atm drag in order to get correct FS export in ORCA2-LIM |
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65 | REAL(wp) :: cao = 1.00e-3 ! chosen by default ==> should depends on many things... !!gmto be updated |
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66 | |
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67 | REAL(wp) :: rdtbs2 !: |
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68 | |
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69 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(19) :: budyko ! BUDYKO's coefficient (cloudiness effect on LW radiation) |
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70 | DATA budyko / 1.00, 0.98, 0.95, 0.92, 0.89, 0.86, 0.83, 0.80, 0.78, 0.75, & |
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71 | & 0.72, 0.69, 0.67, 0.64, 0.61, 0.58, 0.56, 0.53, 0.50 / |
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72 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(20) :: tauco ! cloud optical depth coefficient |
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73 | DATA tauco / 6.6, 6.6, 7.0, 7.2, 7.1, 6.8, 6.5, 6.6, 7.1, 7.6, & |
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74 | & 6.6, 6.1, 5.6, 5.5, 5.8, 5.8, 5.6, 5.6, 5.6, 5.6 / |
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75 | !! |
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76 | REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, SAVE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: sbudyko ! cloudiness effect on LW radiation |
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77 | REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, SAVE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: stauc ! cloud optical depth |
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78 | |
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79 | REAL(wp) :: eps20 = 1.e-20 ! constant values |
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80 | |
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81 | !! * Substitutions |
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82 | # include "vectopt_loop_substitute.h90" |
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83 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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84 | !! NEMO/OPA 4.0 , NEMO Consortium (2011) |
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85 | !! $Id$ |
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86 | !! Software governed by the CeCILL licence (NEMOGCM/NEMO_CeCILL.txt) |
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87 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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88 | CONTAINS |
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89 | |
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90 | SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_clio( kt ) |
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91 | !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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92 | !! *** ROUTINE sbc_blk_clio *** |
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93 | !! |
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94 | !! ** Purpose : provide at each time step the surface ocean fluxes |
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95 | !! (momentum, heat, freshwater and runoff) |
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96 | !! |
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97 | !! ** Method : (1) READ each fluxes in NetCDF files: |
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98 | !! the i-component of the stress (N/m2) |
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99 | !! the j-component of the stress (N/m2) |
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100 | !! the 10m wind speed module (m/s) |
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101 | !! the 10m air temperature (Kelvin) |
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102 | !! the 10m specific humidity (%) |
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103 | !! the cloud cover (%) |
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104 | !! the total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s) |
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105 | !! (2) CALL blk_oce_clio |
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106 | !! |
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107 | !! C A U T I O N : never mask the surface stress fields |
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108 | !! the stress is assumed to be in the (i,j) mesh referential |
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109 | !! |
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110 | !! ** Action : defined at each time-step at the air-sea interface |
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111 | !! - utau, vtau i- and j-component of the wind stress |
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112 | !! - taum wind stress module at T-point |
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113 | !! - wndm 10m wind module at T-point over free ocean or leads in presence of sea-ice |
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114 | !! - qns non-solar heat flux including latent heat of solid |
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115 | !! precip. melting and emp heat content |
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116 | !! - qsr solar heat flux |
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117 | !! - emp upward mass flux (evap. - precip) |
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118 | !! - sfx salt flux; set to zero at nit000 but possibly non-zero |
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119 | !! if ice is present (computed in limsbc(_2).F90) |
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120 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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121 | INTEGER, INTENT( in ) :: kt ! ocean time step |
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122 | !! |
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123 | INTEGER :: ifpr, jfpr ! dummy indices |
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124 | INTEGER :: ierr0, ierr1, ierr2, ierr3 ! return error code |
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125 | INTEGER :: ios ! Local integer output status for namelist read |
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126 | !! |
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127 | CHARACTER(len=100) :: cn_dir ! Root directory for location of CLIO files |
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128 | TYPE(FLD_N), DIMENSION(jpfld) :: slf_i ! array of namelist informations on the fields to read |
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129 | TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_utau, sn_vtau, sn_wndm, sn_tair ! informations about the fields to be read |
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130 | TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_humi, sn_ccov, sn_prec ! " " |
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131 | !! |
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132 | NAMELIST/namsbc_clio/ cn_dir, sn_utau, sn_vtau, sn_wndm, sn_humi, & |
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133 | & sn_ccov, sn_tair, sn_prec |
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134 | !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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135 | |
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136 | ! ! ====================== ! |
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137 | IF( kt == nit000 ) THEN ! First call kt=nit000 ! |
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138 | ! ! ====================== ! |
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139 | |
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140 | REWIND( numnam_ref ) ! Namelist namsbc_clio in reference namelist : CLIO files |
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141 | READ ( numnam_ref, namsbc_clio, IOSTAT = ios, ERR = 901) |
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142 | 901 IF( ios /= 0 ) CALL ctl_nam ( ios , 'namsbc_clio in reference namelist', lwp ) |
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143 | |
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144 | REWIND( numnam_cfg ) ! Namelist namsbc_clio in configuration namelist : CLIO files |
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145 | READ ( numnam_cfg, namsbc_clio, IOSTAT = ios, ERR = 902 ) |
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146 | 902 IF( ios /= 0 ) CALL ctl_nam ( ios , 'namsbc_clio in configuration namelist', lwp ) |
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147 | IF(lwm) WRITE ( numond, namsbc_clio ) |
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148 | |
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149 | ! store namelist information in an array |
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150 | slf_i(jp_utau) = sn_utau ; slf_i(jp_vtau) = sn_vtau ; slf_i(jp_wndm) = sn_wndm |
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151 | slf_i(jp_tair) = sn_tair ; slf_i(jp_humi) = sn_humi |
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152 | slf_i(jp_ccov) = sn_ccov ; slf_i(jp_prec) = sn_prec |
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153 | |
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154 | ! set sf structure |
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155 | ALLOCATE( sf(jpfld), STAT=ierr0 ) |
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156 | IF( ierr0 > 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk_clio: unable to allocate sf structure' ) |
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157 | DO ifpr= 1, jpfld |
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158 | ALLOCATE( sf(ifpr)%fnow(jpi,jpj,1) , STAT=ierr1) |
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159 | IF( slf_i(ifpr)%ln_tint ) ALLOCATE( sf(ifpr)%fdta(jpi,jpj,1,2) , STAT=ierr2 ) |
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160 | END DO |
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161 | IF( ierr1+ierr2 > 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk_clio: unable to allocate sf array structure' ) |
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162 | ! fill sf with slf_i and control print |
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163 | CALL fld_fill( sf, slf_i, cn_dir, 'sbc_blk_clio', 'flux formulation for ocean surface boundary condition', 'namsbc_clio' ) |
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164 | |
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165 | ! allocate sbcblk clio arrays |
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166 | ALLOCATE( sbudyko(jpi,jpj) , stauc(jpi,jpj), STAT=ierr3 ) |
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167 | IF( ierr3 > 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk_clio: unable to allocate arrays' ) |
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168 | ! |
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169 | sfx(:,:) = 0._wp ! salt flux; zero unless ice is present (computed in limsbc(_2).F90) |
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170 | ! |
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171 | ENDIF |
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172 | ! ! ====================== ! |
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173 | ! ! At each time-step ! |
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174 | ! ! ====================== ! |
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175 | ! |
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176 | CALL fld_read( kt, nn_fsbc, sf ) ! input fields provided at the current time-step |
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177 | ! |
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178 | IF( MOD( kt - 1, nn_fsbc ) == 0 ) CALL blk_oce_clio( sf, sst_m ) |
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179 | ! |
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180 | END SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_clio |
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181 | |
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182 | |
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183 | SUBROUTINE blk_oce_clio( sf, pst ) |
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184 | !!--------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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185 | !! *** ROUTINE blk_oce_clio *** |
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186 | !! |
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187 | !! ** Purpose : Compute momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes at ocean surface |
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188 | !! using CLIO bulk formulea |
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189 | !! |
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190 | !! ** Method : The flux of heat at the ocean surfaces are derived |
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191 | !! from semi-empirical ( or bulk ) formulae which relate the flux to |
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192 | !! the properties of the surface and of the lower atmosphere. Here, we |
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193 | !! follow the work of Oberhuber, 1988 |
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194 | !! - momentum flux (stresses) directly read in files at U- and V-points |
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195 | !! - compute ocean/ice albedos (call albedo_oce/albedo_ice) |
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196 | !! - compute shortwave radiation for ocean (call blk_clio_qsr_oce) |
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197 | !! - compute long-wave radiation for the ocean |
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198 | !! - compute the turbulent heat fluxes over the ocean |
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199 | !! - deduce the evaporation over the ocean |
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200 | !! ** Action : Fluxes over the ocean: |
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201 | !! - utau, vtau i- and j-component of the wind stress |
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202 | !! - taum wind stress module at T-point |
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203 | !! - wndm 10m wind module at T-point over free ocean or leads in presence of sea-ice |
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204 | !! - qns non-solar heat flux including latent heat of solid |
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205 | !! precip. melting and emp heat content |
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206 | !! - qsr solar heat flux |
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207 | !! - emp suface mass flux (evap.-precip.) |
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208 | !! ** Nota : sf has to be a dummy argument for AGRIF on NEC |
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209 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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210 | TYPE(fld), INTENT(in), DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! input data |
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211 | REAL(wp) , INTENT(in), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: pst ! surface temperature [Celcius] |
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212 | !! |
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213 | INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices |
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214 | !! |
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215 | REAL(wp) :: zrhova, zcsho, zcleo, zcldeff ! temporary scalars |
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216 | REAL(wp) :: zqsato, zdteta, zdeltaq, ztvmoy, zobouks ! - - |
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217 | REAL(wp) :: zpsims, zpsihs, zpsils, zobouku, zxins, zpsimu ! - - |
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218 | REAL(wp) :: zpsihu, zpsilu, zstab,zpsim, zpsih, zpsil ! - - |
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219 | REAL(wp) :: zvatmg, zcmn, zchn, zcln, zcmcmn, zdenum ! - - |
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220 | REAL(wp) :: zdtetar, ztvmoyr, zlxins, zchcm, zclcm ! - - |
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221 | REAL(wp) :: zmt1, zmt2, zmt3, ztatm3, ztamr, ztaevbk ! - - |
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222 | REAL(wp) :: zsst, ztatm, zcco1, zpatm, zcmax, zrmax ! - - |
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223 | REAL(wp) :: zrhoa, zev, zes, zeso, zqatm, zevsqr ! - - |
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224 | REAL(wp) :: ztx2, zty2, zcevap, zcprec ! - - |
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225 | REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:) :: zqlw ! long-wave heat flux over ocean |
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226 | REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:) :: zqla ! latent heat flux over ocean |
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227 | REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:) :: zqsb ! sensible heat flux over ocean |
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228 | !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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229 | ! |
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230 | IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_oce_clio') |
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231 | ! |
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232 | CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zqlw, zqla, zqsb ) |
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233 | |
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234 | zpatm = 101000._wp ! atmospheric pressure (assumed constant here) |
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235 | |
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236 | !------------------------------------! |
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237 | ! momentum fluxes (utau, vtau ) ! |
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238 | !------------------------------------! |
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239 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
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240 | utau(:,:) = sf(jp_utau)%fnow(:,:,1) |
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241 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
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242 | vtau(:,:) = sf(jp_vtau)%fnow(:,:,1) |
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243 | |
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244 | !------------------------------------! |
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245 | ! wind stress module (taum ) ! |
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246 | !------------------------------------! |
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247 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
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248 | DO jj = 2, jpjm1 |
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249 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
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250 | DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vector opt. |
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251 | ztx2 = utau(ji-1,jj ) + utau(ji,jj) |
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252 | zty2 = vtau(ji ,jj-1) + vtau(ji,jj) |
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253 | taum(ji,jj) = 0.5 * SQRT( ztx2 * ztx2 + zty2 * zty2 ) |
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254 | END DO |
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255 | END DO |
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256 | utau(:,:) = utau(:,:) * umask(:,:,1) |
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257 | vtau(:,:) = vtau(:,:) * vmask(:,:,1) |
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258 | taum(:,:) = taum(:,:) * tmask(:,:,1) |
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259 | CALL lbc_lnk( taum, 'T', 1. ) |
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260 | |
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261 | !------------------------------------! |
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262 | ! store the wind speed (wndm ) ! |
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263 | !------------------------------------! |
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264 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
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265 | wndm(:,:) = sf(jp_wndm)%fnow(:,:,1) |
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266 | wndm(:,:) = wndm(:,:) * tmask(:,:,1) |
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267 | |
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268 | !------------------------------------------------! |
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269 | ! Shortwave radiation for ocean and snow/ice ! |
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270 | !------------------------------------------------! |
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271 | |
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272 | CALL blk_clio_qsr_oce( qsr ) |
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273 | qsr(:,:) = qsr(:,:) * tmask(:,:,1) ! no shortwave radiation into the ocean beneath ice shelf |
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274 | !------------------------! |
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275 | ! Other ocean fluxes ! |
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276 | !------------------------! |
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277 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
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278 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
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279 | DO jj = 1, jpj |
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280 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
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281 | DO ji = 1, jpi |
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282 | ! |
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283 | zsst = pst(ji,jj) + rt0 ! converte Celcius to Kelvin the SST |
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284 | ztatm = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ! and set minimum value far above 0 K (=rt0 over land) |
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285 | zcco1 = 1.0 - sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ! fraction of clear sky ( 1 - cloud cover) |
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286 | zrhoa = zpatm / ( 287.04 * ztatm ) ! air density (equation of state for dry air) |
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287 | ztamr = ztatm - rtt ! Saturation water vapour |
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288 | zmt1 = SIGN( 17.269, ztamr ) ! || |
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289 | zmt2 = SIGN( 21.875, ztamr ) ! \ / |
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290 | zmt3 = SIGN( 28.200, -ztamr ) ! \/ |
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291 | zes = 611.0 * EXP( ABS( ztamr ) * MIN ( zmt1, zmt2 ) / ( ztatm - 35.86 + MAX( 0.e0, zmt3 ) ) ) |
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292 | zev = sf(jp_humi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * zes ! vapour pressure |
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293 | zevsqr = SQRT( zev * 0.01 ) ! square-root of vapour pressure |
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294 | zqatm = 0.622 * zev / ( zpatm - 0.378 * zev ) ! specific humidity |
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295 | |
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296 | !--------------------------------------! |
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297 | ! long-wave radiation over the ocean ! ( Berliand 1952 ; all latitudes ) |
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298 | !--------------------------------------! |
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299 | ztatm3 = ztatm * ztatm * ztatm |
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300 | zcldeff = 1.0 - sbudyko(ji,jj) * sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(ji,jj,1) |
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301 | ztaevbk = ztatm * ztatm3 * zcldeff * ( 0.39 - 0.05 * zevsqr ) |
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302 | ! |
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303 | zqlw(ji,jj) = - emic * stefan * ( ztaevbk + 4. * ztatm3 * ( zsst - ztatm ) ) |
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304 | |
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305 | !-------------------------------------------------- |
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306 | ! Latent and sensible heat fluxes over the ocean |
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307 | !-------------------------------------------------- |
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308 | ! ! vapour pressure at saturation of ocean |
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309 | zeso = 611.0 * EXP ( 17.2693884 * ( zsst - rtt ) * tmask(ji,jj,1) / ( zsst - 35.86 ) ) |
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310 | |
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311 | zqsato = ( 0.622 * zeso ) / ( zpatm - 0.378 * zeso ) ! humidity close to the ocean surface (at saturation) |
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312 | |
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313 | ! Drag coefficients from Large and Pond (1981,1982) |
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314 | ! ! Stability parameters |
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315 | zdteta = zsst - ztatm |
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316 | zdeltaq = zqatm - zqsato |
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317 | ztvmoy = ztatm * ( 1. + 2.2e-3 * ztatm * zqatm ) |
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318 | zdenum = MAX( sf(jp_wndm)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * sf(jp_wndm)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * ztvmoy, eps20 ) |
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319 | zdtetar = zdteta / zdenum |
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320 | ztvmoyr = ztvmoy * ztvmoy * zdeltaq / zdenum |
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321 | ! ! case of stable atmospheric conditions |
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322 | zobouks = -70.0 * 10. * ( zdtetar + 3.2e-3 * ztvmoyr ) |
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323 | zobouks = MAX( 0.e0, zobouks ) |
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324 | zpsims = -7.0 * zobouks |
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325 | zpsihs = zpsims |
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326 | zpsils = zpsims |
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327 | ! ! case of unstable atmospheric conditions |
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328 | zobouku = MIN( 0.e0, -100.0 * 10.0 * ( zdtetar + 2.2e-3 * ztvmoyr ) ) |
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329 | zxins = ( 1. - 16. * zobouku )**0.25 |
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330 | zlxins = LOG( ( 1. + zxins * zxins ) / 2. ) |
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331 | zpsimu = 2. * LOG( ( 1 + zxins ) * 0.5 ) + zlxins - 2. * ATAN( zxins ) + rpi * 0.5 |
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332 | zpsihu = 2. * zlxins |
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333 | zpsilu = zpsihu |
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334 | ! ! intermediate values |
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335 | zstab = MAX( 0.e0, SIGN( 1.e0, zdteta ) ) |
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336 | zpsim = zstab * zpsimu + ( 1.0 - zstab ) * zpsims |
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337 | zpsih = zstab * zpsihu + ( 1.0 - zstab ) * zpsihs |
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338 | zpsil = zpsih |
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339 | |
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340 | zvatmg = MAX( 0.032 * 1.5e-3 * sf(jp_wndm)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * sf(jp_wndm)%fnow(ji,jj,1) / grav, eps20 ) |
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341 | zcmn = vkarmn / LOG ( 10. / zvatmg ) |
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342 | zchn = 0.0327 * zcmn |
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343 | zcln = 0.0346 * zcmn |
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344 | zcmcmn = 1. / ( 1. - zcmn * zpsim / vkarmn ) |
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345 | ! sometimes the ratio zchn * zpsih / ( vkarmn * zcmn ) is too close to 1 and zchcm becomes very very big |
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346 | zcmax = 0.1 ! choice for maximum value of the heat transfer coefficient, guided by my intuition |
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347 | zrmax = 1 - 3.e-4 / zcmax ! maximum value of the ratio |
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348 | zchcm = zcmcmn / ( 1. - MIN ( zchn * zpsih / ( vkarmn * zcmn ) , zrmax ) ) |
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349 | zclcm = zchcm |
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350 | ! ! transfert coef. (Large and Pond 1981,1982) |
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351 | zcsho = zchn * zchcm |
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352 | zcleo = zcln * zclcm |
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353 | |
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354 | zrhova = zrhoa * sf(jp_wndm)%fnow(ji,jj,1) |
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355 | |
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356 | ! sensible heat flux |
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357 | zqsb(ji,jj) = zrhova * zcsho * 1004.0 * ( zsst - ztatm ) |
---|
358 | |
---|
359 | ! latent heat flux (bounded by zero) |
---|
360 | zqla(ji,jj) = MAX( 0.e0, zrhova * zcleo * 2.5e+06 * ( zqsato - zqatm ) ) |
---|
361 | ! |
---|
362 | END DO |
---|
363 | END DO |
---|
364 | |
---|
365 | ! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ! |
---|
366 | ! III Total FLUXES ! |
---|
367 | ! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ! |
---|
368 | zcevap = rcp / cevap ! convert zqla ==> evap (Kg/m2/s) ==> m/s ==> W/m2 |
---|
369 | zcprec = rcp / rday ! convert prec ( mm/day ==> m/s) ==> W/m2 |
---|
370 | |
---|
371 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
---|
372 | emp(:,:) = zqla(:,:) / cevap & ! freshwater flux |
---|
373 | & - sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) / rday * tmask(:,:,1) |
---|
374 | ! |
---|
375 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
---|
376 | qns(:,:) = zqlw(:,:) - zqsb(:,:) - zqla(:,:) & ! Downward Non Solar flux |
---|
377 | & - zqla(:,:) * pst(:,:) * zcevap & ! remove evap. heat content at SST in Celcius |
---|
378 | & + sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) * zcprec ! add precip. heat content at Tair in Celcius |
---|
379 | qns(:,:) = qns(:,:) * tmask(:,:,1) |
---|
380 | ! NB: if sea-ice model, the snow precip are computed and the associated heat is added to qns (see blk_ice_clio) |
---|
381 | |
---|
382 | CALL iom_put( "qlw_oce", zqlw ) ! output downward longwave heat over the ocean |
---|
383 | CALL iom_put( "qsb_oce", - zqsb ) ! output downward sensible heat over the ocean |
---|
384 | CALL iom_put( "qla_oce", - zqla ) ! output downward latent heat over the ocean |
---|
385 | CALL iom_put( "qns_oce", qns ) ! output downward non solar heat over the ocean |
---|
386 | |
---|
387 | IF(ln_ctl) THEN |
---|
388 | CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqsb , clinfo1=' blk_oce_clio: zqsb : ', tab2d_2=zqlw , clinfo2=' zqlw : ') |
---|
389 | CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqla , clinfo1=' blk_oce_clio: zqla : ', tab2d_2=qsr , clinfo2=' qsr : ') |
---|
390 | CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=pst , clinfo1=' blk_oce_clio: pst : ', tab2d_2=emp , clinfo2=' emp : ') |
---|
391 | CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=utau , clinfo1=' blk_oce_clio: utau : ', mask1=umask, & |
---|
392 | & tab2d_2=vtau , clinfo2=' vtau : ', mask2=vmask ) |
---|
393 | ENDIF |
---|
394 | |
---|
395 | CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, zqlw, zqla, zqsb ) |
---|
396 | ! |
---|
397 | IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_oce_clio') |
---|
398 | ! |
---|
399 | END SUBROUTINE blk_oce_clio |
---|
400 | |
---|
401 | |
---|
402 | SUBROUTINE blk_ice_clio( pst , palb_cs, palb_os, palb, & |
---|
403 | & p_taui, p_tauj, p_qns , p_qsr, & |
---|
404 | & p_qla , p_dqns, p_dqla, & |
---|
405 | & p_tpr , p_spr , & |
---|
406 | & p_fr1 , p_fr2 , cd_grid, pdim ) |
---|
407 | !!--------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
408 | !! *** ROUTINE blk_ice_clio *** |
---|
409 | !! |
---|
410 | !! ** Purpose : Computation of the heat fluxes at ocean and snow/ice |
---|
411 | !! surface the solar heat at ocean and snow/ice surfaces and the |
---|
412 | !! sensitivity of total heat fluxes to the SST variations |
---|
413 | !! |
---|
414 | !! ** Method : The flux of heat at the ice and ocean surfaces are derived |
---|
415 | !! from semi-empirical ( or bulk ) formulae which relate the flux to |
---|
416 | !! the properties of the surface and of the lower atmosphere. Here, we |
---|
417 | !! follow the work of Oberhuber, 1988 |
---|
418 | !! |
---|
419 | !! ** Action : call albedo_oce/albedo_ice to compute ocean/ice albedo |
---|
420 | !! - snow precipitation |
---|
421 | !! - solar flux at the ocean and ice surfaces |
---|
422 | !! - the long-wave radiation for the ocean and sea/ice |
---|
423 | !! - turbulent heat fluxes over water and ice |
---|
424 | !! - evaporation over water |
---|
425 | !! - total heat fluxes sensitivity over ice (dQ/dT) |
---|
426 | !! - latent heat flux sensitivity over ice (dQla/dT) |
---|
427 | !! - qns : modified the non solar heat flux over the ocean |
---|
428 | !! to take into account solid precip latent heat flux |
---|
429 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
430 | REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: pst ! ice surface temperature [Kelvin] |
---|
431 | REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: palb_cs ! ice albedo (clear sky) (alb_ice_cs) [-] |
---|
432 | REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: palb_os ! ice albedo (overcast sky) (alb_ice_os) [-] |
---|
433 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: palb ! ice albedo (actual value) [-] |
---|
434 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: p_taui ! surface ice stress at I-point (i-component) [N/m2] |
---|
435 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: p_tauj ! surface ice stress at I-point (j-component) [N/m2] |
---|
436 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: p_qns ! non solar heat flux over ice (T-point) [W/m2] |
---|
437 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: p_qsr ! solar heat flux over ice (T-point) [W/m2] |
---|
438 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: p_qla ! latent heat flux over ice (T-point) [W/m2] |
---|
439 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: p_dqns ! non solar heat sensistivity (T-point) [W/m2] |
---|
440 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: p_dqla ! latent heat sensistivity (T-point) [W/m2] |
---|
441 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: p_tpr ! total precipitation (T-point) [Kg/m2/s] |
---|
442 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: p_spr ! solid precipitation (T-point) [Kg/m2/s] |
---|
443 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: p_fr1 ! 1sr fraction of qsr penetration in ice [-] |
---|
444 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: p_fr2 ! 2nd fraction of qsr penetration in ice [-] |
---|
445 | CHARACTER(len=1), INTENT(in ) :: cd_grid ! type of sea-ice grid ("C" or "B" grid) |
---|
446 | INTEGER, INTENT(in ) :: pdim ! number of ice categories |
---|
447 | !! |
---|
448 | INTEGER :: ji, jj, jl ! dummy loop indices |
---|
449 | INTEGER :: ijpl ! number of ice categories (size of 3rd dim of input arrays) |
---|
450 | !! |
---|
451 | REAL(wp) :: zcoef, zmt1, zmt2, zmt3, ztatm3 ! temporary scalars |
---|
452 | REAL(wp) :: ztaevbk, zind1, zind2, zind3, ztamr ! - - |
---|
453 | REAL(wp) :: zesi, zqsati, zdesidt ! - - |
---|
454 | REAL(wp) :: zdqla, zcldeff, zev, zes, zpatm, zrhova ! - - |
---|
455 | REAL(wp) :: zcshi, zclei, zrhovaclei, zrhovacshi ! - - |
---|
456 | REAL(wp) :: ztice3, zticemb, zticemb2, zdqlw, zdqsb ! - - |
---|
457 | !! |
---|
458 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: ztatm ! Tair in Kelvin |
---|
459 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: zqatm ! specific humidity |
---|
460 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: zevsqr ! vapour pressure square-root |
---|
461 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: zrhoa ! air density |
---|
462 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_qlw, z_qsb |
---|
463 | !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
464 | ! |
---|
465 | IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_ice_clio') |
---|
466 | ! |
---|
467 | CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, ztatm, zqatm, zevsqr, zrhoa ) |
---|
468 | CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj,pdim, z_qlw, z_qsb ) |
---|
469 | |
---|
470 | ijpl = pdim ! number of ice categories |
---|
471 | zpatm = 101000. ! atmospheric pressure (assumed constant here) |
---|
472 | |
---|
473 | #if defined key_lim3 |
---|
474 | tatm_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) ! LIM3: make Tair available in sea-ice. WARNING allocated after call to ice_init |
---|
475 | #endif |
---|
476 | ! ! surface ocean fluxes computed with CLIO bulk formulea |
---|
477 | !------------------------------------! |
---|
478 | ! momentum fluxes (utau, vtau ) ! |
---|
479 | !------------------------------------! |
---|
480 | |
---|
481 | SELECT CASE( cd_grid ) |
---|
482 | CASE( 'C' ) ! C-grid ice dynamics |
---|
483 | zcoef = cai / cao ! Change from air-sea stress to air-ice stress |
---|
484 | p_taui(:,:) = zcoef * utau(:,:) |
---|
485 | p_tauj(:,:) = zcoef * vtau(:,:) |
---|
486 | CASE( 'I' ) ! I-grid ice dynamics: I-point (i.e. F-point lower-left corner) |
---|
487 | zcoef = 0.5_wp * cai / cao ! Change from air-sea stress to air-ice stress |
---|
488 | DO jj = 2, jpj ! stress from ocean U- and V-points to ice U,V point |
---|
489 | DO ji = 2, jpi ! I-grid : no vector opt. |
---|
490 | p_taui(ji,jj) = zcoef * ( utau(ji-1,jj ) + utau(ji-1,jj-1) ) |
---|
491 | p_tauj(ji,jj) = zcoef * ( vtau(ji ,jj-1) + vtau(ji-1,jj-1) ) |
---|
492 | END DO |
---|
493 | END DO |
---|
494 | CALL lbc_lnk( p_taui(:,:), 'I', -1. ) ; CALL lbc_lnk( p_tauj(:,:), 'I', -1. ) ! I-point |
---|
495 | END SELECT |
---|
496 | |
---|
497 | |
---|
498 | ! Determine cloud optical depths as a function of latitude (Chou et al., 1981). |
---|
499 | ! and the correction factor for taking into account the effect of clouds |
---|
500 | !------------------------------------------------------ |
---|
501 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
502 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
---|
503 | DO jj = 1, jpj |
---|
504 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
505 | DO ji = 1, jpi |
---|
506 | ztatm (ji,jj) = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ! air temperature in Kelvins |
---|
507 | |
---|
508 | zrhoa(ji,jj) = zpatm / ( 287.04 * ztatm(ji,jj) ) ! air density (equation of state for dry air) |
---|
509 | |
---|
510 | ztamr = ztatm(ji,jj) - rtt ! Saturation water vapour |
---|
511 | zmt1 = SIGN( 17.269, ztamr ) |
---|
512 | zmt2 = SIGN( 21.875, ztamr ) |
---|
513 | zmt3 = SIGN( 28.200, -ztamr ) |
---|
514 | zes = 611.0 * EXP( ABS( ztamr ) * MIN ( zmt1, zmt2 ) & |
---|
515 | & / ( ztatm(ji,jj) - 35.86 + MAX( 0.e0, zmt3 ) ) ) |
---|
516 | |
---|
517 | zev = sf(jp_humi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * zes ! vapour pressure |
---|
518 | zevsqr(ji,jj) = SQRT( zev * 0.01 ) ! square-root of vapour pressure |
---|
519 | zqatm(ji,jj) = 0.622 * zev / ( zpatm - 0.378 * zev ) ! specific humidity |
---|
520 | |
---|
521 | !---------------------------------------------------- |
---|
522 | ! Computation of snow precipitation (Ledley, 1985) | |
---|
523 | !---------------------------------------------------- |
---|
524 | zmt1 = 253.0 - ztatm(ji,jj) ; zind1 = MAX( 0.e0, SIGN( 1.e0, zmt1 ) ) |
---|
525 | zmt2 = ( 272.0 - ztatm(ji,jj) ) / 38.0 ; zind2 = MAX( 0.e0, SIGN( 1.e0, zmt2 ) ) |
---|
526 | zmt3 = ( 281.0 - ztatm(ji,jj) ) / 18.0 ; zind3 = MAX( 0.e0, SIGN( 1.e0, zmt3 ) ) |
---|
527 | p_spr(ji,jj) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(ji,jj,1) / rday & ! rday = converte mm/day to kg/m2/s |
---|
528 | & * ( zind1 & ! solid (snow) precipitation [kg/m2/s] |
---|
529 | & + ( 1.0 - zind1 ) * ( zind2 * ( 0.5 + zmt2 ) & |
---|
530 | & + ( 1.0 - zind2 ) * zind3 * zmt3 ) ) |
---|
531 | |
---|
532 | !----------------------------------------------------! |
---|
533 | ! fraction of net penetrative shortwave radiation ! |
---|
534 | !----------------------------------------------------! |
---|
535 | ! fraction of qsr_ice which is NOT absorbed in the thin surface layer |
---|
536 | ! and thus which penetrates inside the ice cover ( Maykut and Untersteiner, 1971 ; Elbert anbd Curry, 1993 ) |
---|
537 | p_fr1(ji,jj) = 0.18 * ( 1.e0 - sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) + 0.35 * sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(ji,jj,1) |
---|
538 | p_fr2(ji,jj) = 0.82 * ( 1.e0 - sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) + 0.65 * sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(ji,jj,1) |
---|
539 | END DO |
---|
540 | END DO |
---|
541 | CALL iom_put( 'snowpre', p_spr ) ! Snow precipitation |
---|
542 | |
---|
543 | !-----------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
544 | ! snow/ice Shortwave radiation (abedo already computed) ! |
---|
545 | !-----------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
546 | CALL blk_clio_qsr_ice( palb_cs, palb_os, p_qsr ) |
---|
547 | |
---|
548 | DO jl = 1, ijpl |
---|
549 | palb(:,:,jl) = ( palb_cs(:,:,jl) * ( 1.e0 - sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(:,:,1) ) & |
---|
550 | & + palb_os(:,:,jl) * sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(:,:,1) ) |
---|
551 | END DO |
---|
552 | |
---|
553 | ! ! ========================== ! |
---|
554 | DO jl = 1, ijpl ! Loop over ice categories ! |
---|
555 | ! ! ========================== ! |
---|
556 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
557 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
---|
558 | DO jj = 1 , jpj |
---|
559 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
560 | DO ji = 1, jpi |
---|
561 | !-------------------------------------------! |
---|
562 | ! long-wave radiation over ice categories ! ( Berliand 1952 ; all latitudes ) |
---|
563 | !-------------------------------------------! |
---|
564 | ztatm3 = ztatm(ji,jj) * ztatm(ji,jj) * ztatm(ji,jj) |
---|
565 | zcldeff = 1.0 - sbudyko(ji,jj) * sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(ji,jj,1) |
---|
566 | ztaevbk = ztatm3 * ztatm(ji,jj) * zcldeff * ( 0.39 - 0.05 * zevsqr(ji,jj) ) |
---|
567 | ! |
---|
568 | z_qlw(ji,jj,jl) = - emic * stefan * ( ztaevbk + 4. * ztatm3 * ( pst(ji,jj,jl) - ztatm(ji,jj) ) ) |
---|
569 | |
---|
570 | !---------------------------------------- |
---|
571 | ! Turbulent heat fluxes over snow/ice ( Latent and sensible ) |
---|
572 | !---------------------------------------- |
---|
573 | |
---|
574 | ! vapour pressure at saturation of ice (tmask to avoid overflow in the exponential) |
---|
575 | zesi = 611.0 * EXP( 21.8745587 * tmask(ji,jj,1) * ( pst(ji,jj,jl) - rtt )/ ( pst(ji,jj,jl) - 7.66 ) ) |
---|
576 | ! humidity close to the ice surface (at saturation) |
---|
577 | zqsati = ( 0.622 * zesi ) / ( zpatm - 0.378 * zesi ) |
---|
578 | |
---|
579 | ! computation of intermediate values |
---|
580 | zticemb = pst(ji,jj,jl) - 7.66 |
---|
581 | zticemb2 = zticemb * zticemb |
---|
582 | ztice3 = pst(ji,jj,jl) * pst(ji,jj,jl) * pst(ji,jj,jl) |
---|
583 | zdesidt = zesi * ( 9.5 * LOG( 10.0 ) * ( rtt - 7.66 ) / zticemb2 ) |
---|
584 | |
---|
585 | ! Transfer cofficients assumed to be constant (Parkinson 1979 ; Maykut 1982) |
---|
586 | zcshi = 1.75e-03 |
---|
587 | zclei = zcshi |
---|
588 | |
---|
589 | ! sensible and latent fluxes over ice |
---|
590 | zrhova = zrhoa(ji,jj) * sf(jp_wndm)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ! computation of intermediate values |
---|
591 | zrhovaclei = zrhova * zcshi * 2.834e+06 |
---|
592 | zrhovacshi = zrhova * zclei * 1004.0 |
---|
593 | |
---|
594 | ! sensible heat flux |
---|
595 | z_qsb(ji,jj,jl) = zrhovacshi * ( pst(ji,jj,jl) - ztatm(ji,jj) ) |
---|
596 | |
---|
597 | ! latent heat flux |
---|
598 | p_qla(ji,jj,jl) = MAX( 0.e0, zrhovaclei * ( zqsati - zqatm(ji,jj) ) ) |
---|
599 | |
---|
600 | ! sensitivity of non solar fluxes (dQ/dT) (long-wave, sensible and latent fluxes) |
---|
601 | zdqlw = 4.0 * emic * stefan * ztice3 |
---|
602 | zdqsb = zrhovacshi |
---|
603 | zdqla = zrhovaclei * ( zdesidt * ( zqsati * zqsati / ( zesi * zesi ) ) * ( zpatm / 0.622 ) ) |
---|
604 | ! |
---|
605 | p_dqla(ji,jj,jl) = zdqla ! latent flux sensitivity |
---|
606 | p_dqns(ji,jj,jl) = -( zdqlw + zdqsb + zdqla ) ! total non solar sensitivity |
---|
607 | END DO |
---|
608 | ! |
---|
609 | END DO |
---|
610 | ! |
---|
611 | END DO |
---|
612 | ! |
---|
613 | ! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ! |
---|
614 | ! Total FLUXES ! |
---|
615 | ! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ! |
---|
616 | ! |
---|
617 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
---|
618 | p_qns(:,:,:) = z_qlw (:,:,:) - z_qsb (:,:,:) - p_qla (:,:,:) ! Downward Non Solar flux |
---|
619 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
---|
620 | p_tpr(:,:) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) / rday ! total precipitation [kg/m2/s] |
---|
621 | ! |
---|
622 | ! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ! |
---|
623 | ! Correct the OCEAN non solar flux with the existence of solid precipitation ! |
---|
624 | ! ---------------=====--------------------------------------------------------- ! |
---|
625 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
---|
626 | qns(:,:) = qns(:,:) & ! update the non-solar heat flux with: |
---|
627 | & - p_spr(:,:) * lfus & ! remove melting solid precip |
---|
628 | & + p_spr(:,:) * MIN( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), rt0_snow - rt0 ) * cpic & ! add solid P at least below melting |
---|
629 | & - p_spr(:,:) * sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) * rcp ! remove solid precip. at Tair |
---|
630 | ! |
---|
631 | !!gm : not necessary as all input data are lbc_lnk... |
---|
632 | CALL lbc_lnk( p_fr1 (:,:) , 'T', 1. ) |
---|
633 | CALL lbc_lnk( p_fr2 (:,:) , 'T', 1. ) |
---|
634 | DO jl = 1, ijpl |
---|
635 | CALL lbc_lnk( p_qns (:,:,jl) , 'T', 1. ) |
---|
636 | CALL lbc_lnk( p_dqns(:,:,jl) , 'T', 1. ) |
---|
637 | CALL lbc_lnk( p_qla (:,:,jl) , 'T', 1. ) |
---|
638 | CALL lbc_lnk( p_dqla(:,:,jl) , 'T', 1. ) |
---|
639 | END DO |
---|
640 | |
---|
641 | !!gm : mask is not required on forcing |
---|
642 | DO jl = 1, ijpl |
---|
643 | p_qns (:,:,jl) = p_qns (:,:,jl) * tmask(:,:,1) |
---|
644 | p_qla (:,:,jl) = p_qla (:,:,jl) * tmask(:,:,1) |
---|
645 | p_dqns(:,:,jl) = p_dqns(:,:,jl) * tmask(:,:,1) |
---|
646 | p_dqla(:,:,jl) = p_dqla(:,:,jl) * tmask(:,:,1) |
---|
647 | END DO |
---|
648 | |
---|
649 | IF(ln_ctl) THEN |
---|
650 | CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_qsb , clinfo1=' blk_ice_clio: z_qsb : ', tab3d_2=z_qlw , clinfo2=' z_qlw : ', kdim=ijpl) |
---|
651 | CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=p_qla , clinfo1=' blk_ice_clio: z_qla : ', tab3d_2=p_qsr , clinfo2=' p_qsr : ', kdim=ijpl) |
---|
652 | CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=p_dqns , clinfo1=' blk_ice_clio: p_dqns : ', tab3d_2=p_qns , clinfo2=' p_qns : ', kdim=ijpl) |
---|
653 | CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=p_dqla , clinfo1=' blk_ice_clio: p_dqla : ', tab3d_2=pst , clinfo2=' pst : ', kdim=ijpl) |
---|
654 | CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=p_tpr , clinfo1=' blk_ice_clio: p_tpr : ', tab2d_2=p_spr , clinfo2=' p_spr : ') |
---|
655 | CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=p_taui , clinfo1=' blk_ice_clio: p_taui : ', tab2d_2=p_tauj , clinfo2=' p_tauj : ') |
---|
656 | ENDIF |
---|
657 | |
---|
658 | CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, ztatm, zqatm, zevsqr, zrhoa ) |
---|
659 | CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj,pdim, z_qlw, z_qsb ) |
---|
660 | ! |
---|
661 | IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_ice_clio') |
---|
662 | ! |
---|
663 | END SUBROUTINE blk_ice_clio |
---|
664 | |
---|
665 | |
---|
666 | SUBROUTINE blk_clio_qsr_oce( pqsr_oce ) |
---|
667 | !!--------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
668 | !! *** ROUTINE blk_clio_qsr_oce *** |
---|
669 | !! |
---|
670 | !! ** Purpose : Computation of the shortwave radiation at the ocean and the |
---|
671 | !! snow/ice surfaces. |
---|
672 | !! |
---|
673 | !! ** Method : - computed qsr from the cloud cover for both ice and ocean |
---|
674 | !! - also initialise sbudyko and stauc once for all |
---|
675 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
676 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: pqsr_oce ! shortwave radiation over the ocean |
---|
677 | !! |
---|
678 | INTEGER, PARAMETER :: jp24 = 24 ! sampling of the daylight period (sunrise to sunset) into 24 equal parts |
---|
679 | !! |
---|
680 | INTEGER :: ji, jj, jt ! dummy loop indices |
---|
681 | INTEGER :: indaet ! = -1, 0, 1 for odd, normal and leap years resp. |
---|
682 | INTEGER :: iday ! integer part of day |
---|
683 | INTEGER :: indxb, indxc ! index for cloud depth coefficient |
---|
684 | |
---|
685 | REAL(wp) :: zalat , zclat, zcmue, zcmue2 ! local scalars |
---|
686 | REAL(wp) :: zmt1, zmt2, zmt3 ! |
---|
687 | REAL(wp) :: zdecl, zsdecl , zcdecl ! |
---|
688 | REAL(wp) :: za_oce, ztamr ! |
---|
689 | |
---|
690 | REAL(wp) :: zdl, zlha ! local scalars |
---|
691 | REAL(wp) :: zlmunoon, zcldcor, zdaycor ! |
---|
692 | REAL(wp) :: zxday, zdist, zcoef, zcoef1 ! |
---|
693 | REAL(wp) :: zes |
---|
694 | |
---|
695 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zev ! vapour pressure |
---|
696 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zdlha, zlsrise, zlsset ! 2D workspace |
---|
697 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zps, zpc ! sine (cosine) of latitude per sine (cosine) of solar declination |
---|
698 | !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
699 | ! |
---|
700 | IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_clio_qsr_oce') |
---|
701 | ! |
---|
702 | CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zev, zdlha, zlsrise, zlsset, zps, zpc ) |
---|
703 | |
---|
704 | IF( lbulk_init ) THEN ! Initilization at first time step only |
---|
705 | rdtbs2 = nn_fsbc * rdt * 0.5 |
---|
706 | ! cloud optical depths as a function of latitude (Chou et al., 1981). |
---|
707 | ! and the correction factor for taking into account the effect of clouds |
---|
708 | DO jj = 1, jpj |
---|
709 | DO ji = 1 , jpi |
---|
710 | zalat = ( 90.e0 - ABS( gphit(ji,jj) ) ) / 5.e0 |
---|
711 | zclat = ( 95.e0 - gphit(ji,jj) ) / 10.e0 |
---|
712 | indxb = 1 + INT( zalat ) |
---|
713 | indxc = 1 + INT( zclat ) |
---|
714 | zdl = zclat - INT( zclat ) |
---|
715 | ! correction factor to account for the effect of clouds |
---|
716 | sbudyko(ji,jj) = budyko(indxb) |
---|
717 | stauc (ji,jj) = ( 1.e0 - zdl ) * tauco( indxc ) + zdl * tauco( indxc + 1 ) |
---|
718 | END DO |
---|
719 | END DO |
---|
720 | lbulk_init = .FALSE. |
---|
721 | ENDIF |
---|
722 | |
---|
723 | |
---|
724 | ! Saturated water vapour and vapour pressure |
---|
725 | ! ------------------------------------------ |
---|
726 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
727 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
---|
728 | DO jj = 1, jpj |
---|
729 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
730 | DO ji = 1, jpi |
---|
731 | ztamr = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rtt |
---|
732 | zmt1 = SIGN( 17.269, ztamr ) |
---|
733 | zmt2 = SIGN( 21.875, ztamr ) |
---|
734 | zmt3 = SIGN( 28.200, -ztamr ) |
---|
735 | zes = 611.0 * EXP( ABS( ztamr ) * MIN ( zmt1, zmt2 ) & ! Saturation water vapour |
---|
736 | & / ( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - 35.86 + MAX( 0.e0, zmt3 ) ) ) |
---|
737 | zev(ji,jj) = sf(jp_humi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * zes * 1.0e-05 ! vapour pressure |
---|
738 | END DO |
---|
739 | END DO |
---|
740 | |
---|
741 | !-----------------------------------! |
---|
742 | ! Computation of solar irradiance ! |
---|
743 | !-----------------------------------! |
---|
744 | !!gm : hard coded leap year ??? |
---|
745 | indaet = 1 ! = -1, 0, 1 for odd, normal and leap years resp. |
---|
746 | zxday = nday_year + rdtbs2 / rday ! day of the year at which the fluxes are calculated |
---|
747 | iday = INT( zxday ) ! (centred at the middle of the ice time step) |
---|
748 | CALL flx_blk_declin( indaet, iday, zdecl ) ! solar declination of the current day |
---|
749 | zsdecl = SIN( zdecl * rad ) ! its sine |
---|
750 | zcdecl = COS( zdecl * rad ) ! its cosine |
---|
751 | |
---|
752 | |
---|
753 | ! correction factor added for computation of shortwave flux to take into account the variation of |
---|
754 | ! the distance between the sun and the earth during the year (Oberhuber 1988) |
---|
755 | zdist = zxday * 2. * rpi / REAL(nyear_len(1), wp) |
---|
756 | zdaycor = 1.0 + 0.0013 * SIN( zdist ) + 0.0342 * COS( zdist ) |
---|
757 | |
---|
758 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
759 | DO jj = 1, jpj |
---|
760 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
761 | DO ji = 1, jpi |
---|
762 | ! product of sine (cosine) of latitude and sine (cosine) of solar declination |
---|
763 | zps(ji,jj) = SIN( gphit(ji,jj) * rad ) * zsdecl |
---|
764 | zpc(ji,jj) = COS( gphit(ji,jj) * rad ) * zcdecl |
---|
765 | ! computation of the both local time of sunrise and sunset |
---|
766 | zlsrise(ji,jj) = ACOS( - SIGN( 1.e0, zps(ji,jj) ) & |
---|
767 | & * MIN( 1.e0, SIGN( 1.e0, zps(ji,jj) ) * ( zps(ji,jj) / zpc(ji,jj) ) ) ) |
---|
768 | zlsset (ji,jj) = - zlsrise(ji,jj) |
---|
769 | ! dividing the solar day into jp24 segments of length zdlha |
---|
770 | zdlha (ji,jj) = ( zlsrise(ji,jj) - zlsset(ji,jj) ) / REAL( jp24, wp ) |
---|
771 | END DO |
---|
772 | END DO |
---|
773 | |
---|
774 | |
---|
775 | !---------------------------------------------! |
---|
776 | ! shortwave radiation absorbed by the ocean ! |
---|
777 | !---------------------------------------------! |
---|
778 | pqsr_oce(:,:) = 0.e0 ! set ocean qsr to zero |
---|
779 | |
---|
780 | ! compute and sum ocean qsr over the daylight (i.e. between sunrise and sunset) |
---|
781 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
782 | DO jt = 1, jp24 |
---|
783 | zcoef = FLOAT( jt ) - 0.5 |
---|
784 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
785 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
---|
786 | DO jj = 1, jpj |
---|
787 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
788 | DO ji = 1, jpi |
---|
789 | zlha = COS( zlsrise(ji,jj) - zcoef * zdlha(ji,jj) ) ! local hour angle |
---|
790 | zcmue = MAX( 0.e0 , zps(ji,jj) + zpc(ji,jj) * zlha ) ! cos of local solar altitude |
---|
791 | zcmue2 = 1368.0 * zcmue * zcmue |
---|
792 | |
---|
793 | ! ocean albedo depending on the cloud cover (Payne, 1972) |
---|
794 | za_oce = ( 1.0 - sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) * 0.05 / ( 1.1 * zcmue**1.4 + 0.15 ) & ! clear sky |
---|
795 | & + sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * 0.06 ! overcast |
---|
796 | |
---|
797 | ! solar heat flux absorbed by the ocean (Zillman, 1972) |
---|
798 | pqsr_oce(ji,jj) = pqsr_oce(ji,jj) & |
---|
799 | & + ( 1.0 - za_oce ) * zdlha(ji,jj) * zcmue2 & |
---|
800 | & / ( ( zcmue + 2.7 ) * zev(ji,jj) + 1.085 * zcmue + 0.10 ) |
---|
801 | END DO |
---|
802 | END DO |
---|
803 | END DO |
---|
804 | ! Taking into account the ellipsity of the earth orbit, the clouds AND masked if sea-ice cover > 0% |
---|
805 | zcoef1 = srgamma * zdaycor / ( 2. * rpi ) |
---|
806 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
---|
807 | DO jj = 1, jpj |
---|
808 | DO ji = 1, jpi |
---|
809 | zlmunoon = ASIN( zps(ji,jj) + zpc(ji,jj) ) / rad ! local noon solar altitude |
---|
810 | zcldcor = MIN( 1.e0, ( 1.e0 - 0.62 * sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(ji,jj,1) & ! cloud correction (Reed 1977) |
---|
811 | & + 0.0019 * zlmunoon ) ) |
---|
812 | pqsr_oce(ji,jj) = zcoef1 * zcldcor * pqsr_oce(ji,jj) * tmask(ji,jj,1) ! and zcoef1: ellipsity |
---|
813 | END DO |
---|
814 | END DO |
---|
815 | |
---|
816 | CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, zev, zdlha, zlsrise, zlsset, zps, zpc ) |
---|
817 | ! |
---|
818 | IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_clio_qsr_oce') |
---|
819 | ! |
---|
820 | END SUBROUTINE blk_clio_qsr_oce |
---|
821 | |
---|
822 | |
---|
823 | SUBROUTINE blk_clio_qsr_ice( pa_ice_cs, pa_ice_os, pqsr_ice ) |
---|
824 | !!--------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
825 | !! *** ROUTINE blk_clio_qsr_ice *** |
---|
826 | !! |
---|
827 | !! ** Purpose : Computation of the shortwave radiation at the ocean and the |
---|
828 | !! snow/ice surfaces. |
---|
829 | !! |
---|
830 | !! ** Method : - computed qsr from the cloud cover for both ice and ocean |
---|
831 | !! - also initialise sbudyko and stauc once for all |
---|
832 | !!---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
833 | REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: pa_ice_cs ! albedo of ice under clear sky |
---|
834 | REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: pa_ice_os ! albedo of ice under overcast sky |
---|
835 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: pqsr_ice ! shortwave radiation over the ice/snow |
---|
836 | !! |
---|
837 | INTEGER, PARAMETER :: jp24 = 24 ! sampling of the daylight period (sunrise to sunset) into 24 equal parts |
---|
838 | !! |
---|
839 | INTEGER :: ji, jj, jl, jt ! dummy loop indices |
---|
840 | INTEGER :: ijpl ! number of ice categories (3rd dim of pqsr_ice) |
---|
841 | INTEGER :: indaet ! = -1, 0, 1 for odd, normal and leap years resp. |
---|
842 | INTEGER :: iday ! integer part of day |
---|
843 | !! |
---|
844 | REAL(wp) :: zcmue, zcmue2, ztamr ! temporary scalars |
---|
845 | REAL(wp) :: zmt1, zmt2, zmt3 ! - - |
---|
846 | REAL(wp) :: zdecl, zsdecl, zcdecl ! - - |
---|
847 | REAL(wp) :: zlha, zdaycor, zes ! - - |
---|
848 | REAL(wp) :: zxday, zdist, zcoef, zcoef1 ! - - |
---|
849 | REAL(wp) :: zqsr_ice_cs, zqsr_ice_os ! - - |
---|
850 | |
---|
851 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zev ! vapour pressure |
---|
852 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zdlha, zlsrise, zlsset ! 2D workspace |
---|
853 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zps, zpc ! sine (cosine) of latitude per sine (cosine) of solar declination |
---|
854 | !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
855 | ! |
---|
856 | IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_clio_qsr_ice') |
---|
857 | ! |
---|
858 | CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zev, zdlha, zlsrise, zlsset, zps, zpc ) |
---|
859 | |
---|
860 | ijpl = SIZE(pqsr_ice, 3 ) ! number of ice categories |
---|
861 | |
---|
862 | ! Saturated water vapour and vapour pressure |
---|
863 | ! ------------------------------------------ |
---|
864 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
865 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
---|
866 | DO jj = 1, jpj |
---|
867 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
868 | DO ji = 1, jpi |
---|
869 | ztamr = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rtt |
---|
870 | zmt1 = SIGN( 17.269, ztamr ) |
---|
871 | zmt2 = SIGN( 21.875, ztamr ) |
---|
872 | zmt3 = SIGN( 28.200, -ztamr ) |
---|
873 | zes = 611.0 * EXP( ABS( ztamr ) * MIN ( zmt1, zmt2 ) & ! Saturation water vapour |
---|
874 | & / ( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - 35.86 + MAX( 0.e0, zmt3 ) ) ) |
---|
875 | zev(ji,jj) = sf(jp_humi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * zes * 1.0e-05 ! vapour pressure |
---|
876 | END DO |
---|
877 | END DO |
---|
878 | |
---|
879 | !-----------------------------------! |
---|
880 | ! Computation of solar irradiance ! |
---|
881 | !-----------------------------------! |
---|
882 | !!gm : hard coded leap year ??? |
---|
883 | indaet = 1 ! = -1, 0, 1 for odd, normal and leap years resp. |
---|
884 | zxday = nday_year + rdtbs2 / rday ! day of the year at which the fluxes are calculated |
---|
885 | iday = INT( zxday ) ! (centred at the middle of the ice time step) |
---|
886 | CALL flx_blk_declin( indaet, iday, zdecl ) ! solar declination of the current day |
---|
887 | zsdecl = SIN( zdecl * rad ) ! its sine |
---|
888 | zcdecl = COS( zdecl * rad ) ! its cosine |
---|
889 | |
---|
890 | |
---|
891 | ! correction factor added for computation of shortwave flux to take into account the variation of |
---|
892 | ! the distance between the sun and the earth during the year (Oberhuber 1988) |
---|
893 | zdist = zxday * 2. * rpi / REAL(nyear_len(1), wp) |
---|
894 | zdaycor = 1.0 + 0.0013 * SIN( zdist ) + 0.0342 * COS( zdist ) |
---|
895 | |
---|
896 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
897 | DO jj = 1, jpj |
---|
898 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
899 | DO ji = 1, jpi |
---|
900 | ! product of sine (cosine) of latitude and sine (cosine) of solar declination |
---|
901 | zps(ji,jj) = SIN( gphit(ji,jj) * rad ) * zsdecl |
---|
902 | zpc(ji,jj) = COS( gphit(ji,jj) * rad ) * zcdecl |
---|
903 | ! computation of the both local time of sunrise and sunset |
---|
904 | zlsrise(ji,jj) = ACOS( - SIGN( 1.e0, zps(ji,jj) ) & |
---|
905 | & * MIN( 1.e0, SIGN( 1.e0, zps(ji,jj) ) * ( zps(ji,jj) / zpc(ji,jj) ) ) ) |
---|
906 | zlsset (ji,jj) = - zlsrise(ji,jj) |
---|
907 | ! dividing the solar day into jp24 segments of length zdlha |
---|
908 | zdlha (ji,jj) = ( zlsrise(ji,jj) - zlsset(ji,jj) ) / REAL( jp24, wp ) |
---|
909 | END DO |
---|
910 | END DO |
---|
911 | |
---|
912 | |
---|
913 | !---------------------------------------------! |
---|
914 | ! shortwave radiation absorbed by the ice ! |
---|
915 | !---------------------------------------------! |
---|
916 | ! compute and sum ice qsr over the daylight for each ice categories |
---|
917 | pqsr_ice(:,:,:) = 0.e0 |
---|
918 | zcoef1 = zdaycor / ( 2. * rpi ) ! Correction for the ellipsity of the earth orbit |
---|
919 | |
---|
920 | ! !----------------------------! |
---|
921 | DO jl = 1, ijpl ! loop over ice categories ! |
---|
922 | ! !----------------------------! |
---|
923 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
924 | DO jt = 1, jp24 |
---|
925 | zcoef = FLOAT( jt ) - 0.5 |
---|
926 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
927 | !CDIR COLLAPSE |
---|
928 | DO jj = 1, jpj |
---|
929 | !CDIR NOVERRCHK |
---|
930 | DO ji = 1, jpi |
---|
931 | zlha = COS( zlsrise(ji,jj) - zcoef * zdlha(ji,jj) ) ! local hour angle |
---|
932 | zcmue = MAX( 0.e0 , zps(ji,jj) + zpc(ji,jj) * zlha ) ! cos of local solar altitude |
---|
933 | zcmue2 = 1368.0 * zcmue * zcmue |
---|
934 | |
---|
935 | ! solar heat flux absorbed by the ice/snow system (Shine and Crane 1984 adapted to high albedo) |
---|
936 | zqsr_ice_cs = ( 1.0 - pa_ice_cs(ji,jj,jl) ) * zdlha(ji,jj) * zcmue2 & ! clear sky |
---|
937 | & / ( ( 1.0 + zcmue ) * zev(ji,jj) + 1.2 * zcmue + 0.0455 ) |
---|
938 | zqsr_ice_os = zdlha(ji,jj) * SQRT( zcmue ) & ! overcast sky |
---|
939 | & * ( 53.5 + 1274.5 * zcmue ) * ( 1.0 - 0.996 * pa_ice_os(ji,jj,jl) ) & |
---|
940 | & / ( 1.0 + 0.139 * stauc(ji,jj) * ( 1.0 - 0.9435 * pa_ice_os(ji,jj,jl) ) ) |
---|
941 | |
---|
942 | pqsr_ice(ji,jj,jl) = pqsr_ice(ji,jj,jl) + ( ( 1.0 - sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) * zqsr_ice_cs & |
---|
943 | & + sf(jp_ccov)%fnow(ji,jj,1) * zqsr_ice_os ) |
---|
944 | END DO |
---|
945 | END DO |
---|
946 | END DO |
---|
947 | ! |
---|
948 | ! Correction : Taking into account the ellipsity of the earth orbit |
---|
949 | pqsr_ice(:,:,jl) = pqsr_ice(:,:,jl) * zcoef1 * tmask(:,:,1) |
---|
950 | ! |
---|
951 | ! !--------------------------------! |
---|
952 | END DO ! end loop over ice categories ! |
---|
953 | ! !--------------------------------! |
---|
954 | |
---|
955 | |
---|
956 | !!gm : this should be suppress as input data have been passed through lbc_lnk |
---|
957 | DO jl = 1, ijpl |
---|
958 | CALL lbc_lnk( pqsr_ice(:,:,jl) , 'T', 1. ) |
---|
959 | END DO |
---|
960 | ! |
---|
961 | CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, zev, zdlha, zlsrise, zlsset, zps, zpc ) |
---|
962 | ! |
---|
963 | IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_clio_qsr_ice') |
---|
964 | ! |
---|
965 | END SUBROUTINE blk_clio_qsr_ice |
---|
966 | |
---|
967 | |
---|
968 | SUBROUTINE flx_blk_declin( ky, kday, pdecl ) |
---|
969 | !!--------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
970 | !! *** ROUTINE flx_blk_declin *** |
---|
971 | !! |
---|
972 | !! ** Purpose : Computation of the solar declination for the day |
---|
973 | !! |
---|
974 | !! ** Method : ??? |
---|
975 | !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
976 | INTEGER , INTENT(in ) :: ky ! = -1, 0, 1 for odd, normal and leap years resp. |
---|
977 | INTEGER , INTENT(in ) :: kday ! day of the year ( kday = 1 on january 1) |
---|
978 | REAL(wp), INTENT( out) :: pdecl ! solar declination |
---|
979 | !! |
---|
980 | REAL(wp) :: a0 = 0.39507671 ! coefficients for solar declinaison computation |
---|
981 | REAL(wp) :: a1 = 22.85684301 ! " "" " |
---|
982 | REAL(wp) :: a2 = -0.38637317 ! " "" " |
---|
983 | REAL(wp) :: a3 = 0.15096535 ! " "" " |
---|
984 | REAL(wp) :: a4 = -0.00961411 ! " "" " |
---|
985 | REAL(wp) :: b1 = -4.29692073 ! " "" " |
---|
986 | REAL(wp) :: b2 = 0.05702074 ! " "" " |
---|
987 | REAL(wp) :: b3 = -0.09028607 ! " "" " |
---|
988 | REAL(wp) :: b4 = 0.00592797 |
---|
989 | !! |
---|
990 | REAL(wp) :: zday ! corresponding day of type year (cf. ky) |
---|
991 | REAL(wp) :: zp ! temporary scalars |
---|
992 | !!--------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
993 | |
---|
994 | IF ( ky == 1 ) THEN ; zday = REAL( kday, wp ) - 0.5 |
---|
995 | ELSEIF( ky == 3 ) THEN ; zday = REAL( kday, wp ) - 1. |
---|
996 | ELSE ; zday = REAL( kday, wp ) |
---|
997 | ENDIF |
---|
998 | |
---|
999 | zp = rpi * ( 2.0 * zday - 367.0 ) / REAL(nyear_len(1), wp) |
---|
1000 | |
---|
1001 | pdecl = a0 & |
---|
1002 | & + a1 * COS( zp ) + a2 * COS( 2. * zp ) + a3 * COS( 3. * zp ) + a4 * COS( 4. * zp ) & |
---|
1003 | & + b1 * SIN( zp ) + b2 * SIN( 2. * zp ) + b3 * SIN( 3. * zp ) + b4 * SIN( 4. * zp ) |
---|
1004 | ! |
---|
1005 | END SUBROUTINE flx_blk_declin |
---|
1006 | |
---|
1007 | !!====================================================================== |
---|
1008 | END MODULE sbcblk_clio |
---|