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sbcblk_core.F90 in branches/2011/DEV_r2739_STFC_dCSE/NEMOGCM/NEMO/OPA_SRC/SBC – NEMO

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source: branches/2011/DEV_r2739_STFC_dCSE/NEMOGCM/NEMO/OPA_SRC/SBC/sbcblk_core.F90 @ 4416

Last change on this file since 4416 was 3837, checked in by trackstand2, 11 years ago
Merge of finiss
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 53.7 KB

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1	MODULE sbcblk_core
2	!!======================================================================
3	!! * MODULE sbcblk_core *
4	!! Ocean forcing: momentum, heat and freshwater flux formulation
5	!!=====================================================================
6	!! History : 1.0 ! 2004-08 (U. Schweckendiek) Original code
7	!! 2.0 ! 2005-04 (L. Brodeau, A.M. Treguier) additions:
8	!! - new bulk routine for efficiency
9	!! - WINDS ARE NOW ASSUMED TO BE AT T POINTS in input files !!!!
10	!! - file names and file characteristics in namelist
11	!! - Implement reading of 6-hourly fields
12	!! 3.0 ! 2006-06 (G. Madec) sbc rewritting
13	!! - ! 2006-12 (L. Brodeau) Original code for TURB_CORE_2Z
14	!! 3.2 ! 2009-04 (B. Lemaire) Introduce iom_put
15	!! 3.3 ! 2010-10 (S. Masson) add diurnal cycle
16	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
17
18	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
19	!! sbc_blk_core : bulk formulation as ocean surface boundary condition
20	!! (forced mode, CORE bulk formulea)
21	!! blk_oce_core : ocean: computes momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes
22	!! blk_ice_core : ice : computes momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes
23	!! turb_core : computes the CORE turbulent transfer coefficients
24	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
25	USE oce ! ocean dynamics and tracers
26	USE dom_oce ! ocean space and time domain
27	USE phycst ! physical constants
28	USE fldread ! read input fields
29	USE sbc_oce ! Surface boundary condition: ocean fields
30	USE sbcdcy ! surface boundary condition: diurnal cycle
31	USE iom ! I/O manager library
32	USE in_out_manager ! I/O manager
33	USE lib_mpp ! distribued memory computing library
34	USE lbclnk ! ocean lateral boundary conditions (or mpp link)
35	USE prtctl ! Print control
36	#if defined key_lim3
37	USE sbc_ice ! Surface boundary condition: ice fields
38	#endif
39
40	IMPLICIT NONE
41	PRIVATE
42
43	PUBLIC sbc_blk_core ! routine called in sbcmod module
44	PUBLIC blk_ice_core ! routine called in sbc_ice_lim module
45
46	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jpfld = 9 ! maximum number of files to read
47	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_wndi = 1 ! index of 10m wind velocity (i-component) (m/s) at T-point
48	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_wndj = 2 ! index of 10m wind velocity (j-component) (m/s) at T-point
49	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_humi = 3 ! index of specific humidity ( - )
50	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_qsr = 4 ! index of solar heat (W/m2)
51	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_qlw = 5 ! index of Long wave (W/m2)
52	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_tair = 6 ! index of 10m air temperature (Kelvin)
53	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_prec = 7 ! index of total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s)
54	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_snow = 8 ! index of snow (solid prcipitation) (kg/m2/s)
55	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_tdif = 9 ! index of tau diff associated to HF tau (N/m2) at T-point
56
57	TYPE(FLD), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! structure of input fields (file informations, fields read)
58
59	! !!! CORE bulk parameters
60	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: rhoa = 1.22 ! air density
61	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: cpa = 1000.5 ! specific heat of air
62	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Lv = 2.5e6 ! latent heat of vaporization
63	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Ls = 2.839e6 ! latent heat of sublimation
64	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Stef = 5.67e-8 ! Stefan Boltzmann constant
65	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Cice = 1.63e-3 ! transfer coefficient over ice
66	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: albo = 0.066 ! ocean albedo assumed to be contant
67
68	! !!* Namelist namsbc_core : CORE bulk parameters
69	LOGICAL :: ln_2m = .FALSE. ! logical flag for height of air temp. and hum
70	LOGICAL :: ln_taudif = .FALSE. ! logical flag to use the "mean of stress module - module of mean stress" data
71	REAL(wp) :: rn_pfac = 1. ! multiplication factor for precipitation
72
73	!! * Control permutation of array indices
74	# include "oce_ftrans.h90"
75	# include "dom_oce_ftrans.h90"
76	# include "sbc_oce_ftrans.h90"
77
78	!! * Substitutions
79	# include "domzgr_substitute.h90"
80	# include "vectopt_loop_substitute.h90"
81	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
82	!! NEMO/OPA 3.3 , NEMO-consortium (2010)
83	!! $Id$
84	!! Software governed by the CeCILL licence (NEMOGCM/NEMO_CeCILL.txt)
85	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
86	CONTAINS
87
88	SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_core( kt )
89	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
90	!! * ROUTINE sbc_blk_core *
91	!!
92	!! ** Purpose : provide at each time step the surface ocean fluxes
93	!! (momentum, heat, freshwater and runoff)
94	!!
95	!! ** Method : (1) READ each fluxes in NetCDF files:
96	!! the 10m wind velocity (i-component) (m/s) at T-point
97	!! the 10m wind velocity (j-component) (m/s) at T-point
98	!! the specific humidity ( - )
99	!! the solar heat (W/m2)
100	!! the Long wave (W/m2)
101	!! the 10m air temperature (Kelvin)
102	!! the total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s)
103	!! the snow (solid prcipitation) (kg/m2/s)
104	!! OPTIONAL parameter (see ln_taudif namelist flag):
105	!! the tau diff associated to HF tau (N/m2) at T-point
106	!! (2) CALL blk_oce_core
107	!!
108	!! C A U T I O N : never mask the surface stress fields
109	!! the stress is assumed to be in the mesh referential
110	!! i.e. the (i,j) referential
111	!!
112	!! ** Action : defined at each time-step at the air-sea interface
113	!! - utau, vtau i- and j-component of the wind stress
114	!! - taum wind stress module at T-point
115	!! - wndm 10m wind module at T-point
116	!! - qns, qsr non-slor and solar heat flux
117	!! - emp, emps evaporation minus precipitation
118	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
119	INTEGER, INTENT(in) :: kt ! ocean time step
120	!!
121	INTEGER :: ierror ! return error code
122	INTEGER :: ifpr ! dummy loop indice
123	INTEGER :: jfld ! dummy loop arguments
124	!!
125	CHARACTER(len=100) :: cn_dir ! Root directory for location of core files
126	TYPE(FLD_N), DIMENSION(jpfld) :: slf_i ! array of namelist informations on the fields to read
127	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_wndi, sn_wndj, sn_humi, sn_qsr ! informations about the fields to be read
128	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_qlw , sn_tair, sn_prec, sn_snow ! " "
129	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_tdif ! " "
130	NAMELIST/namsbc_core/ cn_dir , ln_2m , ln_taudif, rn_pfac, &
131	& sn_wndi, sn_wndj, sn_humi , sn_qsr , &
132	& sn_qlw , sn_tair, sn_prec , sn_snow, sn_tdif
133	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
134
135	! ! ====================== !
136	IF( kt == nit000 ) THEN ! First call kt=nit000 !
137	! ! ====================== !
138	! set file information (default values)
139	cn_dir = './' ! directory in which the model is executed
140	!
141	! (NB: frequency positive => hours, negative => months)
142	! ! file ! frequency ! variable ! time intep ! clim ! 'yearly' or ! weights ! rotation !
143	! ! name ! (hours) ! name ! (T/F) ! (T/F) ! 'monthly' ! filename ! pairs !
144	sn_wndi = FLD_N( 'uwnd10m', 24 , 'u_10' , .false. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
145	sn_wndj = FLD_N( 'vwnd10m', 24 , 'v_10' , .false. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
146	sn_qsr = FLD_N( 'qsw' , 24 , 'qsw' , .false. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
147	sn_qlw = FLD_N( 'qlw' , 24 , 'qlw' , .false. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
148	sn_tair = FLD_N( 'tair10m', 24 , 't_10' , .false. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
149	sn_humi = FLD_N( 'humi10m', 24 , 'q_10' , .false. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
150	sn_prec = FLD_N( 'precip' , -1 , 'precip' , .true. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
151	sn_snow = FLD_N( 'snow' , -1 , 'snow' , .true. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
152	sn_tdif = FLD_N( 'taudif' , 24 , 'taudif' , .true. , .false. , 'yearly' , '' , '' )
153	!
154	REWIND( numnam ) ! read in namlist namsbc_core
155	READ ( numnam, namsbc_core )
156	! ! check: do we plan to use ln_dm2dc with non-daily forcing?
157	IF( ln_dm2dc .AND. sn_qsr%nfreqh /= 24 ) &
158	& CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_core: ln_dm2dc can be activated only with daily short-wave forcing' )
159	IF( ln_dm2dc .AND. sn_qsr%ln_tint ) THEN
160	CALL ctl_warn( 'sbc_blk_core: ln_dm2dc is taking care of the temporal interpolation of daily qsr', &
161	& ' ==> We force time interpolation = .false. for qsr' )
162	sn_qsr%ln_tint = .false.
163	ENDIF
164	! ! store namelist information in an array
165	slf_i(jp_wndi) = sn_wndi ; slf_i(jp_wndj) = sn_wndj
166	slf_i(jp_qsr ) = sn_qsr ; slf_i(jp_qlw ) = sn_qlw
167	slf_i(jp_tair) = sn_tair ; slf_i(jp_humi) = sn_humi
168	slf_i(jp_prec) = sn_prec ; slf_i(jp_snow) = sn_snow
169	slf_i(jp_tdif) = sn_tdif
170	!
171	lhftau = ln_taudif ! do we use HF tau information?
172	jfld = jpfld - COUNT( (/.NOT. lhftau/) )
173	!
174	ALLOCATE( sf(jfld), STAT=ierror ) ! set sf structure
175	IF( ierror > 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk_core: unable to allocate sf structure' )
176	DO ifpr= 1, jfld
177	ALLOCATE( sf(ifpr)%fnow(jpi,jpj,1) )
178	IF( slf_i(ifpr)%ln_tint ) ALLOCATE( sf(ifpr)%fdta(jpi,jpj,1,2) )
179	END DO
180	! ! fill sf with slf_i and control print
181	CALL fld_fill( sf, slf_i, cn_dir, 'sbc_blk_core', &
182	'flux formulation for ocean surface boundary condition', &
183	'namsbc_core' )
184	!
185	ENDIF
186
187	CALL fld_read( kt, nn_fsbc, sf ) ! input fields provided at the current time-step
188
189	! ! surface ocean fluxes computed with CLIO bulk formulea
190	IF( MOD( kt - 1, nn_fsbc ) == 0 ) CALL blk_oce_core( sf, sst_m, ssu_m, ssv_m )
191	!
192	END SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_core
193
194
195	SUBROUTINE blk_oce_core( sf, pst, pu, pv )
196	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
197	!! * ROUTINE blk_core *
198	!!
199	!! ** Purpose : provide the momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes at
200	!! the ocean surface at each time step
201	!!
202	!! ** Method : CORE bulk formulea for the ocean using atmospheric
203	!! fields read in sbc_read
204	!!
205	!! ** Outputs : - utau : i-component of the stress at U-point (N/m2)
206	!! - vtau : j-component of the stress at V-point (N/m2)
207	!! - taum : Wind stress module at T-point (N/m2)
208	!! - wndm : Wind speed module at T-point (m/s)
209	!! - qsr : Solar heat flux over the ocean (W/m2)
210	!! - qns : Non Solar heat flux over the ocean (W/m2)
211	!! - evap : Evaporation over the ocean (kg/m2/s)
212	!! - emp(s) : evaporation minus precipitation (kg/m2/s)
213	!!
214	!! ** Nota : sf has to be a dummy argument for AGRIF on NEC
215	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
216	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: wrk_in_use, wrk_not_released
217	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: zwnd_i => wrk_2d_1 , zwnd_j => wrk_2d_2 ! wind speed components at T-point
218	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: zqsatw => wrk_2d_3 ! specific humidity at pst
219	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: zqlw => wrk_2d_4 , zqsb => wrk_2d_5 ! long wave and sensible heat fluxes
220	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: zqla => wrk_2d_6 , zevap => wrk_2d_7 ! latent heat fluxes and evaporation
221	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: Cd => wrk_2d_8 ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
222	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: Ch => wrk_2d_9 ! transfer coefficient for sensible heat (Q_sens)
223	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: Ce => wrk_2d_10 ! transfer coefficient for evaporation (Q_lat)
224	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: zst => wrk_2d_11 ! surface temperature in Kelvin
225	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: zt_zu => wrk_2d_12 ! air temperature at wind speed height
226	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: zq_zu => wrk_2d_13 ! air spec. hum. at wind speed height
227	!
228	TYPE(fld), INTENT(in), DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! input data
229	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pst ! surface temperature [Celcius]
230	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pu ! surface current at U-point (i-component) [m/s]
231	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pv ! surface current at V-point (j-component) [m/s]
232	!
233	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
234	REAL(wp) :: zcoef_qsatw, zztmp ! local variable
235	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
236
237	IF( wrk_in_use(2, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13) ) THEN
238	CALL ctl_stop('blk_oce_core: requested workspace arrays unavailable') ; RETURN
239	ENDIF
240	!
241	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
242	zcoef_qsatw = 0.98 * 640380. / rhoa
243
244	zst(:,:) = pst(:,:) + rt0 ! converte Celcius to Kelvin (and set minimum value far above 0 K)
245
246	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
247	! 0 Wind components and module at T-point relative to the moving ocean !
248	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
249
250	! ... components ( U10m - U_oce ) at T-point (unmasked)
251	zwnd_i(:,:) = 0.e0
252	zwnd_j(:,:) = 0.e0
253	#if defined key_vectopt_loop
254	!CDIR COLLAPSE
255	#endif
256	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
257	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
258	zwnd_i(ji,jj) = ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - 0.5 * ( pu(ji-1,jj ) + pu(ji,jj) ) )
259	zwnd_j(ji,jj) = ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - 0.5 * ( pv(ji ,jj-1) + pv(ji,jj) ) )
260	END DO
261	END DO
262
263	CALL lbc_lnk( zwnd_i(:,:) , 'T', -1. )
264	CALL lbc_lnk( zwnd_j(:,:) , 'T', -1. )
265	! ... scalar wind ( = \| U10m - U_oce \| ) at T-point (masked)
266	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
267	!CDIR COLLAPSE
268	#if defined key_z_first
269	wndm(:,:) = SQRT( zwnd_i(:,:) * zwnd_i(:,:) &
270	& + zwnd_j(:,:) * zwnd_j(:,:) ) * tmask_1(:,:)
271	#else
272	wndm(:,:) = SQRT( zwnd_i(:,:) * zwnd_i(:,:) &
273	& + zwnd_j(:,:) * zwnd_j(:,:) ) * tmask(:,:,1)
274	#endif
275
276	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
277	! I Radiative FLUXES !
278	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
279
280	! ocean albedo assumed to be constant + modify now Qsr to include the diurnal cycle ! Short Wave
281	zztmp = 1. - albo
282	#if defined key_z_first
283	IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN ; qsr(:,:) = zztmp * sbc_dcy( sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * tmask_1(:,:)
284	ELSE ; qsr(:,:) = zztmp * sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) * tmask_1(:,:)
285	#else
286	IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN ; qsr(:,:) = zztmp * sbc_dcy( sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * tmask(:,:,1)
287	ELSE ; qsr(:,:) = zztmp * sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) * tmask(:,:,1)
288	#endif
289	ENDIF
290	!CDIR COLLAPSE
291	#if defined key_z_first
292	zqlw(:,:) = ( sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(:,:,1) - Stef * zst(:,:)zst(:,:)zst(:,:)zst(:,:) ) tmask_1(:,:) ! Long Wave
293	#else
294	zqlw(:,:) = ( sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(:,:,1) - Stef * zst(:,:)zst(:,:)zst(:,:)zst(:,:) ) tmask(:,:,1) ! Long Wave
295	#endif
296	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
297	! II Turbulent FLUXES !
298	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
299
300	! ... specific humidity at SST and IST
301	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
302	!CDIR COLLAPSE
303	zqsatw(:,:) = zcoef_qsatw * EXP( -5107.4 / zst(:,:) )
304
305	! ... NCAR Bulk formulae, computation of Cd, Ch, Ce at T-point :
306	IF( ln_2m ) THEN
307	!! If air temp. and spec. hum. are given at different height (2m) than wind (10m) :
308	CALL TURB_CORE_2Z(2.,10., zst , sf(jp_tair)%fnow, &
309	& zqsatw, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, &
310	& Cd , Ch , Ce , &
311	& zt_zu , zq_zu )
312	ELSE
313	!! If air temp. and spec. hum. are given at same height than wind (10m) :
314	!gm bug? at the compiling phase, add a copy in temporary arrays... ==> check perf
315	! CALL TURB_CORE_1Z( 10., zst (:,:), sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:), &
316	! & zqsatw(:,:), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:), wndm(:,:), &
317	! & Cd (:,:), Ch (:,:), Ce (:,:) )
318	!gm bug
319	! ARPDBG - this won't compile with gfortran. Fix but check performance
320	! as per comment above.
321	CALL TURB_CORE_1Z( 10., zst , sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), &
322	& zqsatw, sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1), wndm, &
323	& Cd , Ch , Ce )
324	ENDIF
325
326	! ... tau module, i and j component
327	DO jj = 1, jpj
328	DO ji = 1, jpi
329	zztmp = rhoa * wndm(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj)
330	taum (ji,jj) = zztmp * wndm (ji,jj)
331	zwnd_i(ji,jj) = zztmp * zwnd_i(ji,jj)
332	zwnd_j(ji,jj) = zztmp * zwnd_j(ji,jj)
333	END DO
334	END DO
335
336	! ... add the HF tau contribution to the wind stress module?
337	IF( lhftau ) THEN
338	!CDIR COLLAPSE
339	taum(:,:) = taum(:,:) + sf(jp_tdif)%fnow(:,:,1)
340	ENDIF
341	CALL iom_put( "taum_oce", taum ) ! output wind stress module
342
343	! ... utau, vtau at U- and V_points, resp.
344	! Note the use of 0.5*(2-umask) in order to unmask the stress along coastlines
345	DO jj = 1, jpjm1
346	DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1
347	utau(ji,jj) = 0.5 * ( 2. - umask(ji,jj,1) ) * ( zwnd_i(ji,jj) + zwnd_i(ji+1,jj ) )
348	vtau(ji,jj) = 0.5 * ( 2. - vmask(ji,jj,1) ) * ( zwnd_j(ji,jj) + zwnd_j(ji ,jj+1) )
349	END DO
350	END DO
351
352	CALL lbc_lnk( utau(:,:), 'U', -1. )
353	CALL lbc_lnk( vtau(:,:), 'V', -1. )
354
355	! Turbulent fluxes over ocean
356	! -----------------------------
357	IF( ln_2m ) THEN
358	! Values of temp. and hum. adjusted to 10m must be used instead of 2m values
359	zevap(:,:) = MAX( 0.e0, rhoa Ce(:,:)( zqsatw(:,:) - zq_zu(:,:) ) * wndm(:,:) ) ! Evaporation
360	zqsb (:,:) = rhoacpaCh(:,:)( zst (:,:) - zt_zu(:,:) ) wndm(:,:) ! Sensible Heat
361	ELSE
362	!CDIR COLLAPSE
363	zevap(:,:) = MAX( 0.e0, rhoa Ce(:,:)( zqsatw(:,:) - sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * wndm(:,:) ) ! Evaporation
364	!CDIR COLLAPSE
365	zqsb (:,:) = rhoacpaCh(:,:)( zst (:,:) - sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) ) wndm(:,:) ! Sensible Heat
366	ENDIF
367	!CDIR COLLAPSE
368	zqla (:,:) = Lv * zevap(:,:) ! Latent Heat
369
370	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
371	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqla , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqla : ', tab2d_2=Ce , clinfo2=' Ce : ' )
372	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqsb , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqsb : ', tab2d_2=Ch , clinfo2=' Ch : ' )
373	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqlw , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqlw : ', tab2d_2=qsr, clinfo2=' qsr : ' )
374	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqsatw, clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqsatw : ', tab2d_2=zst, clinfo2=' zst : ' )
375	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=utau , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: utau : ', mask1=umask, &
376	& tab2d_2=vtau , clinfo2= ' vtau : ' , mask2=vmask )
377	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=wndm , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: wndm : ')
378	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zst , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zst : ')
379	ENDIF
380
381	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
382	! III Total FLUXES !
383	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
384
385	!CDIR COLLAPSE
386	qns(:,:) = zqlw(:,:) - zqsb(:,:) - zqla(:,:) ! Downward Non Solar flux
387	!CDIR COLLAPSE
388	#if defined key_z_first
389	emp(:,:) = zevap(:,:) - sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac * tmask_1(:,:)
390	#else
391	emp(:,:) = zevap(:,:) - sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac * tmask(:,:,1)
392	#endif
393	!CDIR COLLAPSE
394	emps(:,:) = emp(:,:)
395	!
396	CALL iom_put( "qlw_oce", zqlw ) ! output downward longwave heat over the ocean
397	CALL iom_put( "qsb_oce", - zqsb ) ! output downward sensible heat over the ocean
398	CALL iom_put( "qla_oce", - zqla ) ! output downward latent heat over the ocean
399	CALL iom_put( "qns_oce", qns ) ! output downward non solar heat over the ocean
400	!
401	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
402	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqsb , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqsb : ', tab2d_2=zqlw , clinfo2=' zqlw : ')
403	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqla , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: zqla : ', tab2d_2=qsr , clinfo2=' qsr : ')
404	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=pst , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: pst : ', tab2d_2=emp , clinfo2=' emp : ')
405	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=utau , clinfo1=' blk_oce_core: utau : ', mask1=umask, &
406	& tab2d_2=vtau , clinfo2= ' vtau : ' , mask2=vmask )
407	ENDIF
408	!
409	IF( wrk_not_released(2, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13) ) &
410	CALL ctl_stop('blk_oce_core: failed to release workspace arrays')
411	!
412	END SUBROUTINE blk_oce_core
413
414
415	SUBROUTINE blk_ice_core( pst , pui , pvi , palb , &
416	& p_taui, p_tauj, p_qns , p_qsr, &
417	& p_qla , p_dqns, p_dqla, &
418	& p_tpr , p_spr , &
419	& p_fr1 , p_fr2 , cd_grid, pdim )
420	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
421	!! * ROUTINE blk_ice_core *
422	!!
423	!! ** Purpose : provide the surface boundary condition over sea-ice
424	!!
425	!! ** Method : compute momentum, heat and freshwater exchanged
426	!! between atmosphere and sea-ice using CORE bulk
427	!! formulea, ice variables and read atmmospheric fields.
428	!! NB: ice drag coefficient is assumed to be a constant
429	!!
430	!! caution : the net upward water flux has with mm/day unit
431	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
432	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: wrk_in_use, wrk_not_released
433	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: z_wnds_t => wrk_2d_1 ! wind speed ( = \| U10m - U_ice \| ) at T-point
434	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: wrk_3d_4 , wrk_3d_5 , wrk_3d_6 , wrk_3d_7
435	!!
436	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in ) :: pst ! ice surface temperature (>0, =rt0 over land) [Kelvin]
437	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT(in ) :: pui ! ice surface velocity (i- and i- components [m/s]
438	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT(in ) :: pvi ! at I-point (B-grid) or U & V-point (C-grid)
439	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in ) :: palb ! ice albedo (clear sky) (alb_ice_cs) [%]
440	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_taui ! i- & j-components of surface ice stress [N/m2]
441	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_tauj ! at I-point (B-grid) or U & V-point (C-grid)
442	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_qns ! non solar heat flux over ice (T-point) [W/m2]
443	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_qsr ! solar heat flux over ice (T-point) [W/m2]
444	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_qla ! latent heat flux over ice (T-point) [W/m2]
445	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_dqns ! non solar heat sensistivity (T-point) [W/m2]
446	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT( out) :: p_dqla ! latent heat sensistivity (T-point) [W/m2]
447	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_tpr ! total precipitation (T-point) [Kg/m2/s]
448	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_spr ! solid precipitation (T-point) [Kg/m2/s]
449	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_fr1 ! 1sr fraction of qsr penetration in ice (T-point) [%]
450	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT( out) :: p_fr2 ! 2nd fraction of qsr penetration in ice (T-point) [%]
451	CHARACTER(len=1) , INTENT(in ) :: cd_grid ! ice grid ( C or B-grid)
452	INTEGER , INTENT(in ) :: pdim ! number of ice categories
453	!!
454	INTEGER :: ji, jj, jl ! dummy loop indices
455	INTEGER :: ijpl ! number of ice categories (size of 3rd dim of input arrays)
456	REAL(wp) :: zst2, zst3
457	REAL(wp) :: zcoef_wnorm, zcoef_wnorm2, zcoef_dqlw, zcoef_dqla, zcoef_dqsb
458	REAL(wp) :: zztmp ! temporary variable
459	REAL(wp) :: zcoef_frca ! fractional cloud amount
460	REAL(wp) :: zwnorm_f, zwndi_f , zwndj_f ! relative wind module and components at F-point
461	REAL(wp) :: zwndi_t , zwndj_t ! relative wind components at T-point
462	!!
463	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_qlw ! long wave heat flux over ice
464	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_qsb ! sensible heat flux over ice
465	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_dqlw ! long wave heat sensitivity over ice
466	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_dqsb ! sensible heat sensitivity over ice
467	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
468
469	ijpl = pdim ! number of ice categories
470
471	! Set-up access to workspace arrays
472	IF( wrk_in_use(2, 1) .OR. wrk_in_use(3, 4,5,6,7) ) THEN
473	CALL ctl_stop('blk_ice_core: requested workspace arrays unavailable') ; RETURN
474	ELSE IF(ijpl > jpk) THEN
475	CALL ctl_stop('blk_ice_core: no. of ice categories > jpk so wrk_nemo 3D workspaces cannot be used.')
476	RETURN
477	END IF
478	! Set-up pointers to sub-arrays of workspaces
479	z_qlw => wrk_3d_4(:,:,1:ijpl)
480	z_qsb => wrk_3d_5(:,:,1:ijpl)
481	z_dqlw => wrk_3d_6(:,:,1:ijpl)
482	z_dqsb => wrk_3d_7(:,:,1:ijpl)
483
484	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
485	zcoef_wnorm = rhoa * Cice
486	zcoef_wnorm2 = rhoa * Cice * 0.5
487	zcoef_dqlw = 4.0 * 0.95 * Stef
488	zcoef_dqla = -Ls * Cice * 11637800. * (-5897.8)
489	zcoef_dqsb = rhoa * cpa * Cice
490	zcoef_frca = 1.0 - 0.3
491
492	!!gm brutal....
493	z_wnds_t(:,:) = 0.e0
494	p_taui (:,:) = 0.e0
495	p_tauj (:,:) = 0.e0
496	!!gm end
497
498	#if defined key_lim3
499	tatm_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) ! LIM3: make Tair available in sea-ice. WARNING allocated after call to ice_init
500	#endif
501	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
502	! Wind components and module relative to the moving ocean ( U10m - U_ice ) !
503	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
504	SELECT CASE( cd_grid )
505	CASE( 'I' ) ! B-grid ice dynamics : I-point (i.e. F-point with sea-ice indexation)
506	! and scalar wind at T-point ( = \| U10m - U_ice \| ) (masked)
507	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
508	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
509	DO ji = 2, jpim1 ! B grid : NO vector opt
510	! ... scalar wind at I-point (fld being at T-point)
511	zwndi_f = 0.25 * ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji-1,jj ,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji ,jj ,1) &
512	& + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji-1,jj-1,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji ,jj-1,1) ) - pui(ji,jj)
513	zwndj_f = 0.25 * ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji-1,jj ,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji ,jj ,1) &
514	& + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji-1,jj-1,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji ,jj-1,1) ) - pvi(ji,jj)
515	zwnorm_f = zcoef_wnorm * SQRT( zwndi_f * zwndi_f + zwndj_f * zwndj_f )
516	! ... ice stress at I-point
517	p_taui(ji,jj) = zwnorm_f * zwndi_f
518	p_tauj(ji,jj) = zwnorm_f * zwndj_f
519	! ... scalar wind at T-point (fld being at T-point)
520	zwndi_t = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - 0.25 * ( pui(ji,jj+1) + pui(ji+1,jj+1) &
521	& + pui(ji,jj ) + pui(ji+1,jj ) )
522	zwndj_t = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - 0.25 * ( pvi(ji,jj+1) + pvi(ji+1,jj+1) &
523	& + pvi(ji,jj ) + pvi(ji+1,jj ) )
524	#if defined key_z_first
525	z_wnds_t(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwndi_t * zwndi_t + zwndj_t * zwndj_t ) * tmask_1(ji,jj)
526	#else
527	z_wnds_t(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwndi_t * zwndi_t + zwndj_t * zwndj_t ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
528	#endif
529	END DO
530	END DO
531	CALL lbc_lnk( p_taui , 'I', -1. )
532	CALL lbc_lnk( p_tauj , 'I', -1. )
533	CALL lbc_lnk( z_wnds_t, 'T', 1. )
534	!
535	CASE( 'C' ) ! C-grid ice dynamics : U & V-points (same as ocean)
536	#if defined key_vectopt_loop
537	!CDIR COLLAPSE
538	#endif
539	DO jj = 2, jpj
540	DO ji = fs_2, jpi ! vect. opt.
541	zwndi_t = ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - 0.5 * ( pui(ji-1,jj ) + pui(ji,jj) ) )
542	zwndj_t = ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - 0.5 * ( pvi(ji ,jj-1) + pvi(ji,jj) ) )
543	#if defined key_z_first
544	z_wnds_t(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwndi_t * zwndi_t + zwndj_t * zwndj_t ) * tmask_1(ji,jj)
545	#else
546	z_wnds_t(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwndi_t * zwndi_t + zwndj_t * zwndj_t ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
547	#endif
548	END DO
549	END DO
550	#if defined key_vectopt_loop
551	!CDIR COLLAPSE
552	#endif
553	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
554	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
555	p_taui(ji,jj) = zcoef_wnorm2 * ( z_wnds_t(ji+1,jj ) + z_wnds_t(ji,jj) ) &
556	& * ( 0.5 * (sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji+1,jj,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) - pui(ji,jj) )
557	p_tauj(ji,jj) = zcoef_wnorm2 * ( z_wnds_t(ji,jj+1 ) + z_wnds_t(ji,jj) ) &
558	& * ( 0.5 * (sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj+1,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) - pvi(ji,jj) )
559	END DO
560	END DO
561	CALL lbc_lnk( p_taui , 'U', -1. )
562	CALL lbc_lnk( p_tauj , 'V', -1. )
563	CALL lbc_lnk( z_wnds_t, 'T', 1. )
564	!
565	END SELECT
566
567	zztmp = 1. / ( 1. - albo )
568	! ! ========================== !
569	DO jl = 1, ijpl ! Loop over ice categories !
570	! ! ========================== !
571	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
572	!CDIR COLLAPSE
573	DO jj = 1 , jpj
574	!CDIR NOVERRCHK
575	DO ji = 1, jpi
576	! ----------------------------!
577	! I Radiative FLUXES !
578	! ----------------------------!
579	zst2 = pst(ji,jj,jl) * pst(ji,jj,jl)
580	zst3 = pst(ji,jj,jl) * zst2
581	! Short Wave (sw)
582	p_qsr(ji,jj,jl) = zztmp * ( 1. - palb(ji,jj,jl) ) * qsr(ji,jj)
583	! Long Wave (lw)
584	#if defined key_z_first
585	z_qlw(ji,jj,jl) = 0.95 * ( sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - Stef * pst(ji,jj,jl) * zst3 ) * tmask_1(ji,jj)
586	#else
587	z_qlw(ji,jj,jl) = 0.95 * ( sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - Stef * pst(ji,jj,jl) * zst3 ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
588	#endif
589	! lw sensitivity
590	z_dqlw(ji,jj,jl) = zcoef_dqlw * zst3
591
592	! ----------------------------!
593	! II Turbulent FLUXES !
594	! ----------------------------!
595
596	! ... turbulent heat fluxes
597	! Sensible Heat
598	z_qsb(ji,jj,jl) = rhoa * cpa * Cice * z_wnds_t(ji,jj) * ( pst(ji,jj,jl) - sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1) )
599	! Latent Heat
600	p_qla(ji,jj,jl) = MAX( 0.e0, rhoa * Ls * Cice * z_wnds_t(ji,jj) &
601	& * ( 11637800. * EXP( -5897.8 / pst(ji,jj,jl) ) / rhoa - sf(jp_humi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) )
602	! Latent heat sensitivity for ice (Dqla/Dt)
603	p_dqla(ji,jj,jl) = zcoef_dqla * z_wnds_t(ji,jj) / ( zst2 ) * EXP( -5897.8 / pst(ji,jj,jl) )
604	! Sensible heat sensitivity (Dqsb_ice/Dtn_ice)
605	z_dqsb(ji,jj,jl) = zcoef_dqsb * z_wnds_t(ji,jj)
606
607	! ----------------------------!
608	! III Total FLUXES !
609	! ----------------------------!
610	! Downward Non Solar flux
611	p_qns (ji,jj,jl) = z_qlw (ji,jj,jl) - z_qsb (ji,jj,jl) - p_qla (ji,jj,jl)
612	! Total non solar heat flux sensitivity for ice
613	p_dqns(ji,jj,jl) = - ( z_dqlw(ji,jj,jl) + z_dqsb(ji,jj,jl) + p_dqla(ji,jj,jl) )
614	END DO
615	!
616	END DO
617	!
618	END DO
619	!
620	!--------------------------------------------------------------------
621	! FRACTIONs of net shortwave radiation which is not absorbed in the
622	! thin surface layer and penetrates inside the ice cover
623	! ( Maykut and Untersteiner, 1971 ; Ebert and Curry, 1993 )
624
625	!CDIR COLLAPSE
626	p_fr1(:,:) = ( 0.18 * ( 1.0 - zcoef_frca ) + 0.35 * zcoef_frca )
627	!CDIR COLLAPSE
628	p_fr2(:,:) = ( 0.82 * ( 1.0 - zcoef_frca ) + 0.65 * zcoef_frca )
629
630	!CDIR COLLAPSE
631	p_tpr(:,:) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ! total precipitation [kg/m2/s]
632	!CDIR COLLAPSE
633	p_spr(:,:) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ! solid precipitation [kg/m2/s]
634	CALL iom_put( 'snowpre', p_spr ) ! Snow precipitation
635	!
636	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
637	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=p_qla , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: p_qla : ', tab3d_2=z_qsb , clinfo2=' z_qsb : ', kdim=ijpl)
638	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_qlw , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: z_qlw : ', tab3d_2=p_dqla , clinfo2=' p_dqla : ', kdim=ijpl)
639	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_dqsb , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: z_dqsb : ', tab3d_2=z_dqlw , clinfo2=' z_dqlw : ', kdim=ijpl)
640	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=p_dqns , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: p_dqns : ', tab3d_2=p_qsr , clinfo2=' p_qsr : ', kdim=ijpl)
641	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=pst , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: pst : ', tab3d_2=p_qns , clinfo2=' p_qns : ', kdim=ijpl)
642	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=p_tpr , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: p_tpr : ', tab2d_2=p_spr , clinfo2=' p_spr : ')
643	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=p_taui , clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: p_taui : ', tab2d_2=p_tauj , clinfo2=' p_tauj : ')
644	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=z_wnds_t, clinfo1=' blk_ice_core: z_wnds_t : ')
645	ENDIF
646
647	IF( wrk_not_released(2, 1) .OR. &
648	wrk_not_released(3, 4,5,6,7) ) CALL ctl_stop('blk_ice_core: failed to release workspace arrays')
649	!
650	END SUBROUTINE blk_ice_core
651
652
653	SUBROUTINE TURB_CORE_1Z(zu, sst, T_a, q_sat, q_a, &
654	& dU , Cd , Ch , Ce )
655	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
656	!! * ROUTINE turb_core *
657	!!
658	!! ** Purpose : Computes turbulent transfert coefficients of surface
659	!! fluxes according to Large & Yeager (2004)
660	!!
661	!! ** Method : I N E R T I A L D I S S I P A T I O N M E T H O D
662	!! Momentum, Latent and sensible heat exchange coefficients
663	!! Caution: this procedure should only be used in cases when air
664	!! temperature (T_air), air specific humidity (q_air) and wind (dU)
665	!! are provided at the same height 'zzu'!
666	!!
667	!! References : Large & Yeager, 2004 : ???
668	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
669	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: wrk_in_use, wrk_not_released, iwrk_in_use, iwrk_not_released
670	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: dU10 => wrk_2d_14 ! dU [m/s]
671	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: dT => wrk_2d_15 ! air/sea temperature difference [K]
672	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: dq => wrk_2d_16 ! air/sea humidity difference [K]
673	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: Cd_n10 => wrk_2d_17 ! 10m neutral drag coefficient
674	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: Ce_n10 => wrk_2d_18 ! 10m neutral latent coefficient
675	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: Ch_n10 => wrk_2d_19 ! 10m neutral sensible coefficient
676	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: sqrt_Cd_n10 => wrk_2d_20 ! root square of Cd_n10
677	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: sqrt_Cd => wrk_2d_21 ! root square of Cd
678	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: T_vpot => wrk_2d_22 ! virtual potential temperature [K]
679	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: T_star => wrk_2d_23 ! turbulent scale of tem. fluct.
680	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: q_star => wrk_2d_24 ! turbulent humidity of temp. fluct.
681	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: U_star => wrk_2d_25 ! turb. scale of velocity fluct.
682	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: L => wrk_2d_26 ! Monin-Obukov length [m]
683	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: zeta => wrk_2d_27 ! stability parameter at height zu
684	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: U_n10 => wrk_2d_28 ! neutral wind velocity at 10m [m]
685	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: xlogt => wrk_2d_29, xct => wrk_2d_30, &
686	zpsi_h => wrk_2d_31, zpsi_m => wrk_2d_32
687	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: stab => iwrk_2d_1 ! 1st guess stability test integer
688	!
689	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in ) :: zu ! altitude of wind measurement [m]
690	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: sst ! sea surface temperature [Kelvin]
691	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: T_a ! potential air temperature [Kelvin]
692	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: q_sat ! sea surface specific humidity [kg/kg]
693	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: q_a ! specific air humidity [kg/kg]
694	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in ) :: dU ! wind module \|U(zu)-U(0)\| [m/s]
695	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT( out) :: Cd ! transfert coefficient for momentum (tau)
696	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT( out) :: Ch ! transfert coefficient for temperature (Q_sens)
697	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT( out) :: Ce ! transfert coefficient for evaporation (Q_lat)
698	!!
699	INTEGER :: j_itt
700	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: nb_itt = 3
701	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: grav = 9.8 ! gravity
702	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: kappa = 0.4 ! von Karman s constant
703	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
704
705	IF( wrk_in_use(2, 14,15,16,17,18,19, &
706	20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29, &
707	30,31,32) .OR. &
708	iwrk_in_use(2, 1) ) THEN
709	CALL ctl_stop('TURB_CORE_1Z: requested workspace arrays unavailable') ; RETURN
710	ENDIF
711
712	!! * Start
713	!! Air/sea differences
714	dU10 = max(0.5, dU) ! we don't want to fall under 0.5 m/s
715	dT = T_a - sst ! assuming that T_a is allready the potential temp. at zzu
716	dq = q_a - q_sat
717	!!
718	!! Virtual potential temperature
719	T_vpot = T_a(1. + 0.608q_a)
720	!!
721	!! Neutral Drag Coefficient
722	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,dT) ! stable : stab = 1 ; unstable : stab = 0
723	Cd_n10 = 1E-3 * ( 2.7/dU10 + 0.142 + dU10/13.09 ) ! L & Y eq. (6a)
724	sqrt_Cd_n10 = sqrt(Cd_n10)
725	Ce_n10 = 1E-3 * ( 34.6 * sqrt_Cd_n10 ) ! L & Y eq. (6b)
726	Ch_n10 = 1E-3sqrt_Cd_n10(18stab + 32.7(1-stab)) ! L & Y eq. (6c), (6d)
727	!!
728	!! Initializing transfert coefficients with their first guess neutral equivalents :
729	Cd = Cd_n10 ; Ce = Ce_n10 ; Ch = Ch_n10 ; sqrt_Cd = sqrt(Cd)
730
731	!! * Now starting iteration loop
732	DO j_itt=1, nb_itt
733	!! Turbulent scales :
734	U_star = sqrt_Cd*dU10 ! L & Y eq. (7a)
735	T_star = Ch/sqrt_Cd*dT ! L & Y eq. (7b)
736	q_star = Ce/sqrt_Cd*dq ! L & Y eq. (7c)
737
738	!! Estimate the Monin-Obukov length :
739	L = (U_star*2)/( kappagrav*(T_star/T_vpot + q_star/(q_a + 1./0.608)) )
740
741	!! Stability parameters :
742	zeta = zu/L ; zeta = sign( min(abs(zeta),10.0), zeta )
743	zpsi_h = psi_h(zeta)
744	zpsi_m = psi_m(zeta)
745
746	!! Shifting the wind speed to 10m and neutral stability :
747	U_n10 = dU101./(1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa(log(zu/10.) - zpsi_m)) ! L & Y eq. (9a)
748
749	!! Updating the neutral 10m transfer coefficients :
750	Cd_n10 = 1E-3 * (2.7/U_n10 + 0.142 + U_n10/13.09) ! L & Y eq. (6a)
751	sqrt_Cd_n10 = sqrt(Cd_n10)
752	Ce_n10 = 1E-3 * (34.6 * sqrt_Cd_n10) ! L & Y eq. (6b)
753	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,zeta)
754	Ch_n10 = 1E-3sqrt_Cd_n10(18.stab + 32.7(1-stab)) ! L & Y eq. (6c), (6d)
755
756	!! Shifting the neutral 10m transfer coefficients to ( zu , zeta ) :
757	!!
758	xct = 1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa*(log(zu/10) - zpsi_m)
759	Cd = Cd_n10/(xct*xct) ; sqrt_Cd = sqrt(Cd)
760	!!
761	xlogt = log(zu/10.) - zpsi_h
762	!!
763	xct = 1. + Ch_n10*xlogt/kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10
764	Ch = Ch_n10*sqrt_Cd/sqrt_Cd_n10/xct
765	!!
766	xct = 1. + Ce_n10*xlogt/kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10
767	Ce = Ce_n10*sqrt_Cd/sqrt_Cd_n10/xct
768	!!
769	END DO
770	!!
771	IF( wrk_not_released(2, 14,15,16,17,18,19, &
772	& 20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29, &
773	& 30,31,32 ) .OR. &
774	iwrk_not_released(2, 1) ) &
775	CALL ctl_stop('TURB_CORE_1Z: failed to release workspace arrays')
776	!
777	END SUBROUTINE TURB_CORE_1Z
778
779
780	SUBROUTINE TURB_CORE_2Z(zt, zu, sst, T_zt, q_sat, q_zt, dU, Cd, Ch, Ce, T_zu, q_zu)
781	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
782	!! * ROUTINE turb_core *
783	!!
784	!! ** Purpose : Computes turbulent transfert coefficients of surface
785	!! fluxes according to Large & Yeager (2004).
786	!!
787	!! ** Method : I N E R T I A L D I S S I P A T I O N M E T H O D
788	!! Momentum, Latent and sensible heat exchange coefficients
789	!! Caution: this procedure should only be used in cases when air
790	!! temperature (T_air) and air specific humidity (q_air) are at 2m
791	!! whereas wind (dU) is at 10m.
792	!!
793	!! References : Large & Yeager, 2004 : ???
794	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
795	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: wrk_in_use, wrk_not_released, iwrk_in_use, iwrk_not_released
796	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: dU10 => wrk_2d_14 ! dU [m/s]
797	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: dT => wrk_2d_15 ! air/sea temperature difference [K]
798	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: dq => wrk_2d_16 ! air/sea humidity difference [K]
799	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: Cd_n10 => wrk_2d_17 ! 10m neutral drag coefficient
800	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: Ce_n10 => wrk_2d_18 ! 10m neutral latent coefficient
801	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: Ch_n10 => wrk_2d_19 ! 10m neutral sensible coefficient
802	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: sqrt_Cd_n10 => wrk_2d_20 ! root square of Cd_n10
803	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: sqrt_Cd => wrk_2d_21 ! root square of Cd
804	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: T_vpot => wrk_2d_22 ! virtual potential temperature [K]
805	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: T_star => wrk_2d_23 ! turbulent scale of tem. fluct.
806	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: q_star => wrk_2d_24 ! turbulent humidity of temp. fluct.
807	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: U_star => wrk_2d_25 ! turb. scale of velocity fluct.
808	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: L => wrk_2d_26 ! Monin-Obukov length [m]
809	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: zeta_u => wrk_2d_27 ! stability parameter at height zu
810	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: zeta_t => wrk_2d_28 ! stability parameter at height zt
811	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: U_n10 => wrk_2d_29 ! neutral wind velocity at 10m [m]
812	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: xlogt => wrk_2d_30, xct => wrk_2d_31, zpsi_hu => wrk_2d_32, zpsi_ht => wrk_2d_33, zpsi_m => wrk_2d_34
813	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: stab => iwrk_2d_1 ! 1st guess stability test integer
814	!!
815	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: &
816	zt, & ! height for T_zt and q_zt [m]
817	zu ! height for dU [m]
818	REAL(wp), INTENT(in), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: &
819	sst, & ! sea surface temperature [Kelvin]
820	T_zt, & ! potential air temperature [Kelvin]
821	q_sat, & ! sea surface specific humidity [kg/kg]
822	q_zt, & ! specific air humidity [kg/kg]
823	dU ! relative wind module \|U(zu)-U(0)\| [m/s]
824	REAL(wp), INTENT(out), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: &
825	Cd, & ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
826	Ch, & ! transfer coefficient for sensible heat (Q_sens)
827	Ce, & ! transfert coefficient for evaporation (Q_lat)
828	T_zu, & ! air temp. shifted at zu [K]
829	q_zu ! spec. hum. shifted at zu [kg/kg]
830
831	INTEGER :: j_itt
832	INTEGER, PARAMETER :: nb_itt = 3 ! number of itterations
833	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: &
834	grav = 9.8, & ! gravity
835	kappa = 0.4 ! von Karman's constant
836	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
837	!! * Start
838
839	IF( wrk_in_use(2, 14,15,16,17,18,19, &
840	20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29, &
841	30,31,32,33,34) .OR. &
842	iwrk_in_use(2, 1) ) THEN
843	CALL ctl_stop('TURB_CORE_2Z: requested workspace arrays unavailable') ; RETURN
844	ENDIF
845
846	!! Initial air/sea differences
847	dU10 = max(0.5, dU) ! we don't want to fall under 0.5 m/s
848	dT = T_zt - sst
849	dq = q_zt - q_sat
850
851	!! Neutral Drag Coefficient :
852	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,dT) ! stab = 1 if dT > 0 -> STABLE
853	Cd_n10 = 1E-3*( 2.7/dU10 + 0.142 + dU10/13.09 )
854	sqrt_Cd_n10 = sqrt(Cd_n10)
855	Ce_n10 = 1E-3( 34.6 sqrt_Cd_n10 )
856	Ch_n10 = 1E-3sqrt_Cd_n10(18stab + 32.7(1 - stab))
857
858	!! Initializing transf. coeff. with their first guess neutral equivalents :
859	Cd = Cd_n10 ; Ce = Ce_n10 ; Ch = Ch_n10 ; sqrt_Cd = sqrt(Cd)
860
861	!! Initializing z_u values with z_t values :
862	T_zu = T_zt ; q_zu = q_zt
863
864	!! * Now starting iteration loop
865	DO j_itt=1, nb_itt
866	dT = T_zu - sst ; dq = q_zu - q_sat ! Updating air/sea differences
867	T_vpot = T_zu(1. + 0.608q_zu) ! Updating virtual potential temperature at zu
868	U_star = sqrt_Cd*dU10 ! Updating turbulent scales : (L & Y eq. (7))
869	T_star = Ch/sqrt_Cd*dT !
870	q_star = Ce/sqrt_Cd*dq !
871	!!
872	L = (U_star*U_star) & ! Estimate the Monin-Obukov length at height zu
873	& / (kappagrav/T_vpot(T_star(1.+0.608q_zu) + 0.608T_zuq_star))
874	!! Stability parameters :
875	zeta_u = zu/L ; zeta_u = sign( min(abs(zeta_u),10.0), zeta_u )
876	zeta_t = zt/L ; zeta_t = sign( min(abs(zeta_t),10.0), zeta_t )
877	zpsi_hu = psi_h(zeta_u)
878	zpsi_ht = psi_h(zeta_t)
879	zpsi_m = psi_m(zeta_u)
880	!!
881	!! Shifting the wind speed to 10m and neutral stability : (L & Y eq.(9a))
882	! U_n10 = dU10/(1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa*(log(zu/10.) - psi_m(zeta_u)))
883	U_n10 = dU10/(1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa*(log(zu/10.) - zpsi_m))
884	!!
885	!! Shifting temperature and humidity at zu : (L & Y eq. (9b-9c))
886	! T_zu = T_zt - T_star/kappa*(log(zt/zu) + psi_h(zeta_u) - psi_h(zeta_t))
887	T_zu = T_zt - T_star/kappa*(log(zt/zu) + zpsi_hu - zpsi_ht)
888	! q_zu = q_zt - q_star/kappa*(log(zt/zu) + psi_h(zeta_u) - psi_h(zeta_t))
889	q_zu = q_zt - q_star/kappa*(log(zt/zu) + zpsi_hu - zpsi_ht)
890	!!
891	!! q_zu cannot have a negative value : forcing 0
892	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,q_zu) ; q_zu = stab*q_zu
893	!!
894	!! Updating the neutral 10m transfer coefficients :
895	Cd_n10 = 1E-3 * (2.7/U_n10 + 0.142 + U_n10/13.09) ! L & Y eq. (6a)
896	sqrt_Cd_n10 = sqrt(Cd_n10)
897	Ce_n10 = 1E-3 * (34.6 * sqrt_Cd_n10) ! L & Y eq. (6b)
898	stab = 0.5 + sign(0.5,zeta_u)
899	Ch_n10 = 1E-3sqrt_Cd_n10(18.stab + 32.7(1-stab)) ! L & Y eq. (6c-6d)
900	!!
901	!!
902	!! Shifting the neutral 10m transfer coefficients to (zu,zeta_u) :
903	! xct = 1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa*(log(zu/10.) - psi_m(zeta_u))
904	xct = 1. + sqrt_Cd_n10/kappa*(log(zu/10.) - zpsi_m)
905	Cd = Cd_n10/(xct*xct) ; sqrt_Cd = sqrt(Cd)
906	!!
907	! xlogt = log(zu/10.) - psi_h(zeta_u)
908	xlogt = log(zu/10.) - zpsi_hu
909	!!
910	xct = 1. + Ch_n10*xlogt/kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10
911	Ch = Ch_n10*sqrt_Cd/sqrt_Cd_n10/xct
912	!!
913	xct = 1. + Ce_n10*xlogt/kappa/sqrt_Cd_n10
914	Ce = Ce_n10*sqrt_Cd/sqrt_Cd_n10/xct
915	!!
916	!!
917	END DO
918	!!
919	IF( wrk_not_released(2, 14,15,16,17,18,19, &
920	& 20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29, &
921	& 30,31,32,33,34 ) .OR. &
922	iwrk_not_released(2, 1) ) &
923	CALL ctl_stop('TURB_CORE_2Z: failed to release workspace arrays')
924	!
925	END SUBROUTINE TURB_CORE_2Z
926
927
928	FUNCTION psi_m(zta) !! Psis, L & Y eq. (8c), (8d), (8e)
929	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
930	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: wrk_in_use, wrk_not_released
931	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: X2 => wrk_2d_35
932	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: X => wrk_2d_36
933	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: stabit => wrk_2d_37
934	!!
935	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: zta
936
937	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: pi = 3.141592653589793_wp
938	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: psi_m
939	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
940
941	IF( wrk_in_use(2, 35,36,37) ) THEN
942	CALL ctl_stop('psi_m: requested workspace arrays unavailable') ; RETURN
943	ENDIF
944
945	X2 = sqrt(abs(1. - 16.*zta)) ; X2 = max(X2 , 1.0) ; X = sqrt(X2)
946	stabit = 0.5 + sign(0.5,zta)
947	psi_m = -5.ztastabit & ! Stable
948	& + (1. - stabit)(2log((1. + X)/2) + log((1. + X2)/2) - 2*atan(X) + pi/2) ! Unstable
949
950	IF( wrk_not_released(2, 35,36,37) ) CALL ctl_stop('psi_m: failed to release workspace arrays')
951	!
952	END FUNCTION psi_m
953
954
955	FUNCTION psi_h( zta ) !! Psis, L & Y eq. (8c), (8d), (8e)
956	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
957	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: wrk_in_use, wrk_not_released
958	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: X2 => wrk_2d_35
959	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: X => wrk_2d_36
960	USE wrk_nemo, ONLY: stabit => wrk_2d_37
961	!
962	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: zta
963	!
964	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: psi_h
965	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
966
967	IF( wrk_in_use(2, 35,36,37) ) THEN
968	CALL ctl_stop('psi_h: requested workspace arrays unavailable') ; RETURN
969	ENDIF
970
971	X2 = sqrt(abs(1. - 16.*zta)) ; X2 = max(X2 , 1.) ; X = sqrt(X2)
972	stabit = 0.5 + sign(0.5,zta)
973	psi_h = -5.ztastabit & ! Stable
974	& + (1. - stabit)(2.log( (1. + X2)/2. )) ! Unstable
975
976	IF( wrk_not_released(2, 35,36,37) ) CALL ctl_stop('psi_h: failed to release workspace arrays')
977	!
978	END FUNCTION psi_h
979
980	!!======================================================================
981	END MODULE sbcblk_core

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