Changeset 2990 for branches/2011/dev_r2855_INGV2_3_blk_wave/DOC

Timestamp:

2011-10-25T15:39:07+02:00 (13 years ago)

Author:

poddo

Message:

Development DEV2011_INGV2_bulk ECMWF bulk formulae
merged with
Development DEV2011_INGV3_wave Interface to read neutral drag coefficient from wave model

Location:

branches/2011/dev_r2855_INGV2_3_blk_wave/DOC/TexFiles

Files:

• Biblio/Biblio.bib (modified) (9 diffs)
• Chapters/Chap_SBC.tex (modified) (7 diffs)
• Chapters/Chap_ZDF.tex (modified) (1 diff)
• Namelist/namsbc (modified) (2 diffs)
• Namelist/namsbc_wave (added)
• Namelist/namzdf_ric (modified) (1 diff)

branches/2011/dev_r2855_INGV2_3_blk_wave/DOC/TexFiles/Biblio/Biblio.bib

@@ -355 +355 @@
 }
 
+@ARTICLE{Bignami_al_JGR95,
+  author = {F. Bignami and S. Marullo and R. Santoleri and M. E. Schiano},
+  title = {Longwave radiation budget in the Mediterranean Sea}, 
+  journal = JGR,
+  year = {1995},
+  volume = {100},  number = {C2},
+  pages = {2501--2514},
+  doi = {10.1029/94JC02496},
+}
+
 @ARTICLE{Blanke_al_JPO99,
   author = {B. Blanke and M. Arhan and G. Madec and S. Roche},
@@ -590 +600 @@
   doi = {10.1029/2002GL016473},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002GL016473}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Castellari_al_JMS1998,
+  author = {S> Castellari and  N. Pinardi and K. Leaman },
+  title = {A model study of air-sea interactions in the Mediterranean Sea.},
+  journal = JMS,
+  year = {1998},
+  volume = {18},
+  pages = {89--114}
 }
 
@@ -1247 +1266 @@
 }
 
+@ARTICLE{Hellerman_Rosenstein_JPO83,
+  author = {S. Hellerman and  M. Rosenstein },
+  title = {Normal monthly wind stress over the world ocean with error estimates},
+  journal = JPO,
+  year = {1983},
+  volume = {13},
+  pages = {1093--1104},
+}
+
 @ARTICLE{He_Ding_JSC01,
   author = {Y. He and C. H. Q. Ding},
@@ -1511 +1539 @@
   volume = {6},
   pages = {56--58}
+}
+@ARTICLE{Kondo1975,
+  author = {J. Kondo},
+  title = {Air-sea bulk transfer coefficients in diabatic conditions},
+  journal = {Boundary-Layer Meteorol},
+  year = {1975},
+  volume = {9},
+  pages = {91--112}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Lermusiaux2001,
+  author = {P. F. J. Lermusiaux},
+  title = {Evolving the subspace of three-dimensional miltiscale ocean variability: Massachusetts Bay},
+  journal = JMS,
+  year = {2001},
+  volume = {29},
+  pages = {385--422}
 }
 
@@ -1906 +1951 @@
   volume = {125},  number = {5},
   pages = {958--971}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Maggiore_al_PCE98,
+  author = {A. Maggiore and  M. Zavatarelli and M. G. Angelucci and N. Pinardi},
+  title = {Surface heat and water fluxes in the Adriatic Sea: seasonal and interannual variability},
+  journal = {Phys Chem Earth},
+  year = {1998},
+  volume = {23},
+  pages = {561--567}
 }
 
@@ -2115 +2169 @@
 }
 
+@ARTICLE{Oddo_al_OS09,
+  author = {P. Oddo and M. Adani and N. Pinardi and C. Fratianni and M. Tonani and D. Pettenuzzo},
+  title = {A nested Atlantic-Mediterranean Sea general circulation model for operational forecasting},
+  journal = OS,
+  year = {2009},
+  volume = {5},
+  pages = {1--13},
+}
+
 @PHDTHESIS{Olivier_PhD01,
   author = {F. Olivier},
@@ -2170 +2233 @@
 }
 
+@ARTICLE{Payne_JAS72,
+  author = {R. E. Payne},
+  title = {Albedo of the Sea Surface},
+  journal = JAS,
+  year = {1972},
+  volume = {29}
+  pages = {959--970}
+}
+
 @ARTICLE{Penduff_al_OM06,
   author = {T. Penduff and B. Barnier and J.-M. Molines and G. Madec},
@@ -2234 +2306 @@
   volume = {13},
   pages = {1154--1158}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Reed_JPO77,
+  author = {R. K. Reed},
+  title = {On estimating insolation over the ocean},
+  journal = JPO,
+  year = {1977},
+  volume = {1},
+  pages = {874--971}
 }
 
@@ -2502 +2583 @@
   volume = {8},
   pages = {175--201}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Tonani_al_OS08,
+  author = {M. Tonani and N. Pinardi and S. Dobricic and I. Pujol and C. Fratianni},
+  title = {A high-resolution free-surface model of the Mediterranean Sea},
+  journal = OS,
+  year = {2008},
+  volume = {4},
+  pages = {1--14}
 }
 

branches/2011/dev_r2855_INGV2_3_blk_wave/DOC/TexFiles/Chapters/Chap_SBC.tex

@@ -24 +24 @@
 \end{itemize}
 
-Four different ways to provide the first six fields to the ocean are available which 
+Five different ways to provide the first six fields to the ocean are available which 
 are controlled by namelist variables: an analytical formulation (\np{ln\_ana}~=~true), 
 a flux formulation (\np{ln\_flx}~=~true), a bulk formulae formulation (CORE 
-(\np{ln\_core}~=~true) or CLIO (\np{ln\_clio}~=~true) bulk formulae) and a coupled 
+(\np{ln\_core}~=~true), CLIO (\np{ln\_clio}~=~true) or MFS
+\footnote { Note that MFS bulk formulae compute fluxes only for the ocean component}
+(\np{ln\_ecmwf}~=~true) bulk formulae) and a coupled 
 formulation (exchanges with a atmospheric model via the OASIS coupler) 
 (\np{ln\_cpl}~=~true). When used, the atmospheric pressure forces both 
-ocean and ice dynamics (\np{ln\_apr\_dyn}~=~true)
-\footnote{The surface pressure field could be use in bulk formulae, nevertheless 
-none of the current bulk formulea (CLIO and CORE) uses the it.}. 
+ocean and ice dynamics (\np{ln\_apr\_dyn}~=~true).
 The frequency at which the six or seven fields have to be updated is the \np{nn\_fsbc} 
 namelist parameter. 
@@ -46 +46 @@
 (\np{nn\_ice}~=~0,1, 2 or 3); the addition of river runoffs as surface freshwater 
 fluxes or lateral inflow (\np{ln\_rnf}~=~true); the addition of a freshwater flux adjustment 
-in order to avoid a mean sea-level drift (\np{nn\_fwb}~=~0,~1~or~2); and the 
+in order to avoid a mean sea-level drift (\np{nn\_fwb}~=~0,~1~or~2); the 
 transformation of the solar radiation (if provided as daily mean) into a diurnal 
-cycle (\np{ln\_dm2dc}~=~true).
+cycle (\np{ln\_dm2dc}~=~true); and a neutral drag coefficient can be read from an external wave 
+model(\np{ln\_cdgw}~=~true). The latter option is possible only in case core or ecmwf bulk formulas are selected.
 
 In this chapter, we first discuss where the surface boundary condition appears in the
-model equations. Then we present the four ways of providing the surface boundary condition, 
+model equations. Then we present the five ways of providing the surface boundary condition, 
 followed by the description of the atmospheric pressure and the river runoff. 
 Next the scheme for interpolation on the fly is described.
@@ -480 +481 @@
 % Bulk formulation
 % ================================================================
-\section  [Bulk formulation (\textit{sbcblk\_core} or \textit{sbcblk\_clio}) ]
-      {Bulk formulation \small{(\mdl{sbcblk\_core} or \mdl{sbcblk\_clio} module)} }
+\section  [Bulk formulation (\textit{sbcblk\_core}, \textit{sbcblk\_clio} or \textit{sbcblk\_ecmwf}) ]
+      {Bulk formulation \small{(\mdl{sbcblk\_core} \mdl{sbcblk\_clio} \mdl{sbcblk\_ecmwf} modules)} }
 \label{SBC_blk}
 
@@ -487 +488 @@
 using bulk formulae and atmospheric fields and ocean (and ice) variables. 
 
-The atmospheric fields used depend on the bulk formulae used. Two bulk formulations 
-are available : the CORE and CLIO bulk formulea. The choice is made by setting to true
-one of the following namelist variable : \np{ln\_core} and \np{ln\_clio}.
-
-Note : in forced mode, when a sea-ice model is used, a bulk formulation have to be used. 
-Therefore the two bulk formulea provided include the computation of the fluxes over both 
+The atmospheric fields used depend on the bulk formulae used. Three bulk formulations 
+are available : the CORE, the CLIO and the MFS bulk formulea. The choice is made by setting to true
+one of the following namelist variable : \np{ln\_core} ; \np{ln\_clio} or  \np{ln\_ecmwf}.
+
+Note : in forced mode, when a sea-ice model is used, a bulk formulation (CLIO or CORE) have to be used. 
+Therefore the two bulk (CLIO and CORE) formulea include the computation of the fluxes over both 
 an ocean and an ice surface. 
 
@@ -583 +584 @@
 namelist (see \S\ref{SBC_fldread}). 
 
+% -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%        ECMWF Bulk formulea
+% -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection    [MFS Bulk formulea (\np{ln\_ecmwf}=true)]
+            {MFS Bulk formulea (\np{ln\_ecmwf}=true, \mdl{sbcblk\_ecmwf})}
+\label{SBC_blk_ecmwf}
+%------------------------------------------namsbc_ecmwf----------------------------------------------------
+\namdisplay{namsbc_ecmwf} 
+%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The MFS (Mediterranean Forecasting System) bulk formulae have been developed by
+ \citet{Castellari_al_JMS1998}. 
+They have been designed to handle the ECMWF operational data and are currently 
+in use in the MFS operational system \citep{Tonani_al_OS08}, \citep{Oddo_al_OS09}.
+The wind stress computation uses a drag coefficient computed according to \citet{Hellerman_Rosenstein_JPO83}.
+The surface boundary condition for temperature involves the balance between surface solar radiation,
+net long-wave radiation, the latent and sensible heat fluxes.
+Solar radiation is dependent on cloud cover and is computed by means of
+an astronomical formula \citep{Reed_JPO77}. Albedo monthly values are from \citet{Payne_JAS72} 
+as means of the values at $40^{o}N$ and $30^{o}N$ for the Atlantic Ocean (hence the same latitudinal
+band of the Mediterranean Sea). The net long-wave radiation flux
+\citep{Bignami_al_JGR95} is a function of
+air temperature, sea-surface temperature, cloud cover and relative humidity.
+Sensible heat and latent heat fluxes are computed by classical
+bulk formulae parameterized according to \citet{Kondo1975}.
+Details on the bulk formulae used can be found in \citet{Maggiore_al_PCE98} and \citet{Castellari_al_JMS1998}.
+
+The required 7 input fields must be provided on the model Grid-T and  are:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item          Zonal Component of the 10m wind ($ms^{-1}$)  (\np{sn\_windi})
+\item          Meridional Component of the 10m wind ($ms^{-1}$)  (\np{sn\_windj})
+\item          Total Claud Cover (\%)  (\np{sn\_clc})
+\item          2m Air Temperature ($K$) (\np{sn\_tair})
+\item          2m Dew Point Temperature ($K$)  (\np{sn\_rhm})
+\item          Total Precipitation ${Kg} m^{-2} s^{-1}$ (\np{sn\_prec})
+\item          Mean Sea Level Pressure (${Pa}) (\np{sn\_msl})
+\end{itemize}
+% -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 % ================================================================
 % Coupled formulation
@@ -938 +977 @@
 \end{description}
 
+% -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%        Neutral Drag Coefficient from external wave model
+% -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection   [Neutral drag coefficient from external wave model (\textit{sbcwave})]
+                        {Neutral drag coefficient from external wave model (\mdl{sbcwave})}
+\label{SBC_wave}
+%------------------------------------------namwave----------------------------------------------------
+\namdisplay{namsbc_wave}
+%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\begin{description}
+If (\np{ln\_cdgw}~=~true) in namsbc namelist is activated the \mdl{sbcwave} module which contains the routine \np{sbc\_wave}.This routine reads the namelist namsbc\_wave and the neutral drag coefficient. Then using the routine TURB\_CORE\_1Z or TURB\_CORE\_2Z the drag coefficient is computed according to stable/unstable conditions of the air-sea interface starting from the neutral drag coefficient.
+\end{description}
+
 % Griffies doc:
 % When running ocean-ice simulations, we are not explicitly representing land processes, such as rivers, catchment areas, snow accumulation, etc. However, to reduce model drift, it is important to balance the hydrological cycle in ocean-ice models. We thus need to prescribe some form of global normalization to the precipitation minus evaporation plus river runoff. The result of the normalization should be a global integrated zero net water input to the ocean-ice system over a chosen time scale. 
@@ -944 +996 @@
 
 
-

branches/2011/dev_r2855_INGV2_3_blk_wave/DOC/TexFiles/Chapters/Chap_ZDF.tex

@@ -100 +100 @@
 $a=5$ and $n=2$. The last three values can be modified by setting the 
 \np{rn\_avmri}, \np{rn\_alp} and \np{nn\_ric} namelist parameters, respectively.
+
+A simple mixing-layer model to transfer and dissipate the atmospheric
+ forcings (wind-stress and buoyancy fluxes) can be activated setting 
+the \np{ln\_mldw} =.true. in the namelist.
+
+In this case, the local depth of turbulent wind-mixing or "Ekman depth"
+ $h_{e}(x,y,t)$ is evaluated and the vertical eddy coefficients prescribed within this layer.
+
+This depth is assumed proportional to the "depth of frictional influence" that is limited by rotation:
+\begin{equation}
+         h_{e} = Ek \frac {u^{*}} {f_{0}}    \\
+\end{equation}
+where, $Ek$ is an empirical parameter, $u^{*}$ is the friction velocity and $f_{0}$ is the Coriolis 
+parameter.
+
+In this similarity height relationship, the turbulent friction velocity:
+\begin{equation}
+         u^{*} = \sqrt \frac {|\tau|} {\rho_o}     \\
+\end{equation}
+
+is computed from the wind stress vector $|\tau|$ and the reference dendity $ \rho_o$.
+The final $h_{e}$ is further constrained by the adjustable bounds \np{rn\_mldmin} and \np{rn\_mldmax}.
+Once $h_{e}$ is computed, the vertical eddy coefficients within $h_{e}$ are set to 
+the empirical values \np{rn\_wtmix} and \np{rn\_wvmix} \citep{Lermusiaux2001}.
 
 % -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

branches/2011/dev_r2855_INGV2_3_blk_wave/DOC/TexFiles/Namelist/namsbc

@@ -8 +8 @@
    ln_blk_clio = .false.   !  CLIO bulk formulation                     (T => fill namsbc_clio) 
    ln_blk_core = .true.    !  CORE bulk formulation                     (T => fill namsbc_core) 
+   ln_blk_ecmwf= .false.   !  MFS bulk formulation                      (T => fill namsbc_ecmwf)
    ln_cpl      = .false.   !  Coupled formulation                       (T => fill namsbc_cpl )
    ln_apr_dyn  = .false.   !  Patm gradient added in ocean & ice Eqs.   (T => fill namsbc_apr )
@@ -20 +21 @@
                            !     =2 annual global mean of e-p-r set to zero
                            !     =3 global emp set to zero and spread out over erp area
+   ln_cdgw = .true.        ! true if neutral drag coefficient read from wave model
 /

branches/2011/dev_r2855_INGV2_3_blk_wave/DOC/TexFiles/Namelist/namzdf_ric

@@ -5 +5 @@
    rn_alp      =   5.      !  coefficient of the parameterization
    nn_ric      =   2       !  coefficient of the parameterization
+   rn_ekmfc    =   0.7     !  Factor in the Ekman depth Equation
+   rn_mldmin   =   1.0     !  minimum allowable mixed-layer depth estimate (m)
+   rn_mldmax   =1000.0     !  maximum allowable mixed-layer depth estimate (m)
+   rn_wtmix    =  10.0     !  vertical eddy viscosity coeff [m2/s] in the mixed-layer
+   rn_wvmix    =  10.0     !  vertical eddy diffusion coeff [m2/s] in the mixed-layer
+   ln_mldw     = .true.    !  Flag to use or not the mized layer depth param.
 /