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Changes between Version 2 and Version 3 of Projects

Timestamp:: 2013-09-12T16:23:18+02:00 (11 years ago)
Author:: nvuilsce
Comment:: --

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Projects

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  * '''BOTOX - Budget Of Tropospheric OXygenated compounds: a constraint to better represent the interactions between biosphere and atmospheric chemistry (BOTOX)'''
   * __Keywords__: atmospheric chemistry; modeling; organic compounds; LMDzINCA; ORCHIDEE; climate change
   * __Brief description__: Organic oxygenated compounds (e.g. methanol, formaldehyde, acetone) are very abundant organic trace species in the atmosphere and provide, locally, significant radical sources. However, their budget still remains uncertain, especially because they are characterized by multiple primary (human activities, terrestrial and oceanic biosphere) and secondary (oxidation of volatile organic compounds) sources. For instance, emissions from vegetation, being the first direct and indirect source of oxygenated organic compounds, are very uncertain with estimates ranging from 250 to 750 TgC/yr for isoprene, 50 à 250 TgC/yr for methanol or 10 à 50 TgC/yr for acetone. The contribution of marine source to organic compounds emissions, though minor (5% to 10 % of global fraction), shows a strong geographical and seasonal variability. Recently, satellites data gave the possibility to evaluate, at the global scale, the representation of oxygenated compounds and their seasonal cycles by models. Model/observations differences underline the need for improvement of our knowledge on emission flux, together with the description of chemical processes involving those compounds (strongly related to ozone, involved in the greenhouse effect).[[BR]][[BR]]In order to improve the oxygenated carbon compounds budget in the troposphere, we work in the BOTOX project on 3 different axes, by integrating in a global Earth System Model updated parameterisation for (i) volatile organic compound emissions from the terrestrial and oceanic biosphere, (ii) interactions between atmospheric compounds deposition (ozone, nitrogen oxydes…) and vegetation, (iii) the chemisty of oxygenated compounds. In order to perform a detailed validation, the oxygenated species budget and their interannual variability will be compared to satellite and flight data, and their anthropogenic perturbations will be quantified.[[BR]][[BR]]Thanks to these new tools, we will investigate the role of oxygenated organic compounds in the climate-chemistry interactions (through reaction with key inorganic species : ozone, nitrogen oxides, hydroxyl radical, etc.). These interactions will be evaluated in the frame of the Earth System evolution under the anthropogenic pressure, taking into account changes of major factors (anthropogenic emissions, climate, vegetation distribution, etc.). The variability of the system will be analyzed for different time-periods from preindustrial to 2100.
+  * __Brief description__: Organic oxygenated compounds (e.g. methanol, formaldehyde, acetone) are very abundant organic trace species in the atmosphere and provide, locally, significant radical sources. However, their budget still remains uncertain, especially because they are characterized by multiple primary (human activities, terrestrial and oceanic biosphere) and secondary (oxidation of volatile organic compounds) sources. For instance, emissions from vegetation, being the first direct and indirect source of oxygenated organic compounds, are very uncertain with estimates ranging from 250 to 750 TgC/yr for isoprene, 50 à 250 TgC/yr for methanol or 10 à 50 TgC/yr for acetone. The contribution of marine source to organic compounds emissions, though minor (5% to 10 % of global fraction), shows a strong geographical and seasonal variability. Recently, satellites data gave the possibility to evaluate, at the global scale, the representation of oxygenated compounds and their seasonal cycles by models. Model/observations differences underline the need for improvement of our knowledge on emission flux, together with the description of chemical processes involving those compounds (strongly related to ozone, involved in the greenhouse effect).[[BR]][[BR]]In order to improve the oxygenated carbon compounds budget in the troposphere, we work in the BOTOX project on 3 different axes, by integrating in a global Earth System Model updated parameterisation for (i) volatile organic compound emissions from the terrestrial and oceanic biosphere, (ii) interactions between atmospheric compounds deposition (ozone, nitrogen oxydes…) and vegetation, (iii) the chemisty of oxygenated compounds. In order to perform a detailed validation, the oxygenated species budget and their interannual variability will be compared to satellite and flight data, and their anthropogenic perturbations will be quantified.[[BR]][[BR]]Thanks to these new tools, we will investigate the role of oxygenated organic compounds in the climate-chemistry interactions (through reaction with key inorganic species : ozone, nitrogen oxides, hydroxyl radical, etc.).  These interactions will be evaluated in the frame of the Earth System evolution under the anthropogenic pressure, taking into account changes of major factors (anthropogenic emissions, climate, vegetation distribution, etc.). The variability of the system will be analyzed  for different time-periods from preindustrial to  2100.
   * __Starting date__: 2011
   * __Duration__: 3 ans
 …
  * '''ECLAIRE - Effects of climate change on air pollution impacts and response strategies for European ecosystems'''
   * __Keywords__: climate change; pollution; modeling; atmospheric chemistry; biogenic emissions; volatile organic compounds; nitrogen compounds
   * __Brief description__: ÉCLAIRE investigates the ways in which climate change alters the threat of air pollution on European land ecosystems including soils. Based on field observations, experimental data and models, it establishes new flux, concentration and dose-response relationships, as a basis to inform future European policies. Starting with biosphere-atmosphere exchange measurements, ÉCLAIRE quantifies how global warming and altered precipitation will affect emissions of key European primary pollutants (NOx, NH3, VOCs), including interactions with increasing aerosol and hemispheric O3 background concentrations, modifying atmospheric transport and deposition. An ensemble of chemistry transport models will be applied to assess uncertainty in response to harmonized scenarios for climate, emissions and land-use, while high resolution studies will investigate how climate change alters local patterns of pollutant exposure and threshold exceedance.[[BR]][[BR]]At the LSCE, a postdoctoral researcher will be recruited from January 2013 to work with Didier Hauglustaine (LMDzINCA, atmospheric chemistry) and Juliette Lathière (ORCHIDEE, biogenic emissions) for 2 years to participate to the development of the LMDz-ORCHIDEE-INCA model and perform numerical experiments on bi-directional exchanges (emissions, dry deposition) of atmospheric constituents between the land ecosystems and the atmosphere. A particular focus will be devoted to nitrogen species (i.e., NH3, NOx) and to soil emissions and how land-use practices alter the atmosphere-biosphere exchanges for these species.
+  * __Brief description__: ÉCLAIRE investigates the ways in which climate change alters the threat of air pollution on European land ecosystems including soils. Based on field observations, experimental data and models, it establishes new flux, concentration and dose-response relationships, as a basis to inform future European policies. Starting with biosphere-atmosphere exchange measurements, ÉCLAIRE quantifies how global warming and altered precipitation will affect emissions of key European primary pollutants (NOx, NH3, VOCs), including interactions with increasing aerosol and hemispheric O3 background concentrations, modifying atmospheric transport and deposition. An ensemble of chemistry transport models will be applied to assess uncertainty in response to harmonized scenarios for climate, emissions and land-use, while high resolution studies will investigate how climate change alters local patterns of pollutant exposure and threshold exceedance.[[BR]][[BR]]At the LSCE, a postdoctoral researcher will be recruited from January 2013 to work with Didier Hauglustaine (LMDzINCA, atmospheric chemistry) and Juliette Lathière (ORCHIDEE, biogenic emissions) for 2 years to participate to the development of the LMDz-ORCHIDEE-INCA model and perform numerical experiments on bi-directional exchanges (emissions, dry deposition) of atmospheric  constituents between the land ecosystems and the atmosphere. A particular focus will be devoted to nitrogen species (i.e., NH3, NOx) and to soil emissions and how land-use practices alter the atmosphere-biosphere exchanges for these species.
   * __Starting date__: October 2011
   * __Duration__: 4 years
 …
   * __Webpage__: http://www.eclaire-fp7.eu/
   * __Main local contact__: Didier Hauglustaine
   * __Participants from ORCHIDEE group__: Juliette Lathière
+  * __Participants from ORCHIDEE group__: Palmira Messina ; Juliette Lathière
  * '''ECV Land Cover'''
 …
   * __Webpage__: http://www.trees4future.eu/
   * __Main local contact__: Sebastiaan Luyssaert
+  * __Participants from ORCHIDEE group__: Kim Naudts; Nicolas Viovy[[BR]]6/24/2012 20:21:43
+  * ____: VEGECLIM
+  * ____: Tropics; carbon stocks
+  * ____: VEGECLIM aims to estimate carbon stocks and fluxes of forests in Central Africa, and to quantify the potential impact of climate change and deforestation on these quantities. It is based on the joint use of ORCHIDEE and of 10 years of 1km SPOT-Vegetation data.
+  * ____: 1/12/2009
+  * ____: 4 years
+  * ____: Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO)
+  * ____: The phenology of ORCHIDEE is first calibrated over Amazonian data (FLUXNET and SPOT-VGT), then applied over Central Africa.
+  * ____: http://eo.belspo.be/Directory/ProjectDetail.aspx?projId=854
+  * ____: Philippe Peylin
+  * ____: Hans Verbeeck; Marjolein de Weirdt; Fabienne Maignan
+  * __Participants from ORCHIDEE group__: Kim Naudts; Nicolas Viovy
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+ * '''VEGECLIM'''
+  * __Keywords__: Tropics; carbon stocks
+  * __Brief description__: VEGECLIM aims to estimate carbon stocks and fluxes of forests in Central Africa, and to quantify the potential impact of climate change and deforestation on these quantities. It is based on the joint use of ORCHIDEE and of 10 years of 1km SPOT-Vegetation data.
+  * __Starting date__: 1/12/2009
+  * __Duration__: 4 years
+  * __Funding__: Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO)
+  * __Use of ORCHIDEE__: The phenology of ORCHIDEE is first calibrated over Amazonian data (FLUXNET and SPOT-VGT), then applied over Central Africa.
+  * __Webpage__: http://eo.belspo.be/Directory/ProjectDetail.aspx?projId=854
+  * __Main local contact__: Philippe Peylin
+  * __Participants from ORCHIDEE group__: Hans Verbeeck; Marjolein de Weirdt; Fabienne Maignan
  * '''VULNOZ - Vulnerability to ozone in anthropized ecosystems. Which risks for 2020-2030 ?'''
 …
   * __Use of ORCHIDEE__: Development in ORCHIDEE carried out by Thomas Verbeke, PhD LSCE (supervisors: Didier Hauglustaine, Juliette Lathière, Sophie Szopa and Nicolas Viovy) to integrate the impact of ozone concentrations on vegetation growth.
   * __Main local contact__: Nicolas Viovy and Juliette Lathière
+  * __Participants from ORCHIDEE group__: Thomas Verbeke; Nicolas Viovy; Juliette Lathière.[[BR]]
+  * __Participants from ORCHIDEE group__: Thomas Verbeke; Nicolas Viovy; Juliette Lathière.
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+ * '''AMAZALERT - Raising the alert about critical feedbacks between climate and long-term land-use change in the Amazon'''
+  * __Keywords__: Amazon; Modeling; Land-use change; feedbacks; water availability; Early Warning System
+  * __Brief description__: AMAZALERT enables raising the alert about critical feedbacks between climate, society, land-use change, vegetation change, water availability and policies in Amazonia. [[BR]][[BR]]This programme will:[[BR]][[BR]]1) Analyse and improve coupled models of global climate and Amazon, land use, vegetation and socio-economic drivers to quantify anthropogenic and climate induced land-use and land cover change and non-linear, irreversible feedbacks among these components [[BR]]2) Assess the role of regional and global policies and societal responses in the Amazon region for altering the trajectory of land-use change in the face of climate change and other anthropogenic factors and finally [[BR]]3) Propose i) an Early Warning System for detecting any imminent irreversible loss of Amazon ecosystem services, ii) policy response strategies to prevent such loss.
+  * __Starting date__: 1/9/2011
+  * __Duration__: 3 years
+  * __Funding__: EU
+  * __Use of ORCHIDEE__: * Offline mode[[BR]]SECHIBA (11-layers hydrology) + STOMATE + Routing river module + Sheffield forcing dataset[[BR]]- Historical simulations (use of analytic carbon spin-up): one simulation without LUC and another one with LUC[[BR]]- Future simulations[[BR]][[BR]]* Online mode[[BR]]SECHIBA (2-layers hydrology) + STOMATE + Routing river module (?) + LMDZ[[BR]]Simulations with different LUC scenarios.
+  * __Webpage__: http://www.eu-amazalert.org/home
+  * __Main local contact__: Philippe Ciais
+  * __Participants from ORCHIDEE group__: Philippe Ciais; Agnès Ducharne; Matthieu Guimberteau; Juan-Pablo Boisier; Hans Verbeeck; Marjolein De Weirdt...
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+ * '''TRENDY2'''
+  * __Keywords__: NBP ; trends ; attribution
+  * __Brief description__: This project studies the NBP trends over the last decades at global scale, using several DGVMs (PI: S. Sitch). It is related to the Global Carbon Project.
+  * __Starting date__: 2013-?
+  * __Duration__: unknown
+  * __Funding__: none
+  * __Use of ORCHIDEE__: Trunk revision 1383. Global simulations 1901-2012 with cru-ncep v5 forcing files. 3 scenarios (CO2 only, CO2 + Climate, CO2 + Climate + LUC). CO2 and LUC files available on the repository.
+  * __Webpage__: none
+  * __Main local contact__: P. Peylin
+  * __Participants from ORCHIDEE group__: P. Ciais ; J. Ghattas ; F. Maignan ; N. Viovy ; B. Poulter (LPJ)[[BR]]