Changeset 10406 for NEMO/trunk/doc/latex/NEMO/subfiles/chap_OBS.tex
- Timestamp:
- 2018-12-18T11:25:09+01:00 (5 years ago)
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- NEMO/trunk/doc/latex
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NEMO/trunk/doc/latex
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NEMO/trunk/doc/latex/NEMO/subfiles
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NEMO/trunk/doc/latex/NEMO/subfiles/chap_OBS.tex
r10354 r10406 578 578 All horizontal interpolation methods implemented in NEMO estimate the value of a model variable $x$ at point $P$ as 579 579 a weighted linear combination of the values of the model variables at the grid points ${\rm A}$, ${\rm B}$ etc.: 580 \begin{ eqnarray}580 \begin{align} 581 581 {x_{}}_{\rm P} & \hspace{-2mm} = \hspace{-2mm} & 582 582 \frac{1}{w} \left( {w_{}}_{\rm A} {x_{}}_{\rm A} + … … 584 584 {w_{}}_{\rm C} {x_{}}_{\rm C} + 585 585 {w_{}}_{\rm D} {x_{}}_{\rm D} \right) 586 \end{ eqnarray}586 \end{align} 587 587 where ${w_{}}_{\rm A}$, ${w_{}}_{\rm B}$ etc. are the respective weights for the model field at 588 588 points ${\rm A}$, ${\rm B}$ etc., and $w = {w_{}}_{\rm A} + {w_{}}_{\rm B} + {w_{}}_{\rm C} + {w_{}}_{\rm D}$. … … 597 597 For example, the weight given to the field ${x_{}}_{\rm A}$ is specified as the product of the distances 598 598 from ${\rm P}$ to the other points: 599 \begin{ eqnarray}599 \begin{align} 600 600 {w_{}}_{\rm A} = s({\rm P}, {\rm B}) \, s({\rm P}, {\rm C}) \, s({\rm P}, {\rm D}) 601 601 \nonumber 602 \end{ eqnarray}602 \end{align} 603 603 where 604 \begin{ eqnarray}604 \begin{align} 605 605 s\left ({\rm P}, {\rm M} \right ) 606 606 & \hspace{-2mm} = \hspace{-2mm} & … … 610 610 \cos ({\lambda_{}}_{\rm M} - {\lambda_{}}_{\rm P}) 611 611 \right\} 612 \end{ eqnarray}612 \end{align} 613 613 and $M$ corresponds to $B$, $C$ or $D$. 614 614 A more stable form of the great-circle distance formula for small distances ($x$ near 1) 615 615 involves the arcsine function ($e.g.$ see p.~101 of \citet{Daley_Barker_Bk01}: 616 \begin{ eqnarray}616 \begin{align} 617 617 s\left( {\rm P}, {\rm M} \right) 618 618 & \hspace{-2mm} = \hspace{-2mm} & 619 619 \sin^{-1} \! \left\{ \sqrt{ 1 - x^2 } \right\} 620 620 \nonumber 621 \end{ eqnarray}621 \end{align} 622 622 where 623 \begin{ eqnarray}623 \begin{align} 624 624 x & \hspace{-2mm} = \hspace{-2mm} & 625 625 {a_{}}_{\rm M} {a_{}}_{\rm P} + {b_{}}_{\rm M} {b_{}}_{\rm P} + {c_{}}_{\rm M} {c_{}}_{\rm P} 626 626 \nonumber 627 \end{ eqnarray}627 \end{align} 628 628 and 629 \begin{ eqnarray}629 \begin{align} 630 630 {a_{}}_{\rm M} & \hspace{-2mm} = \hspace{-2mm} & \sin {\phi_{}}_{\rm M}, 631 631 \nonumber \\ … … 641 641 \nonumber 642 642 \nonumber 643 \end{ eqnarray}643 \end{align} 644 644 645 645 \item[2.] {\bf Great-Circle distance-weighted interpolation with small angle approximation.} 646 646 Similar to the previous interpolation but with the distance $s$ computed as 647 \begin{ eqnarray}647 \begin{align} 648 648 s\left( {\rm P}, {\rm M} \right) 649 649 & \hspace{-2mm} = \hspace{-2mm} & … … 651 651 + \left( {\lambda_{}}_{\rm M} - {\lambda_{}}_{\rm P} \right)^{2} 652 652 \cos^{2} {\phi_{}}_{\rm M} } 653 \end{ eqnarray}653 \end{align} 654 654 where $M$ corresponds to $A$, $B$, $C$ or $D$. 655 655 … … 719 719 denote the bottom left, bottom right, top left and top right corner points of the cell, respectively. 720 720 To determine if P is inside the cell, we verify that the cross-products 721 \begin{ eqnarray}721 \begin{align} 722 722 \begin{array}{lllll} 723 723 {{\bf r}_{}}_{\rm PA} \times {{\bf r}_{}}_{\rm PC} … … 743 743 \end{array} 744 744 \label{eq:cross} 745 \end{ eqnarray}745 \end{align} 746 746 point in the opposite direction to the unit normal $\widehat{\bf k}$ 747 747 (i.e., that the coefficients of $\widehat{\bf k}$ are negative),
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