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Drivers of ORCHIDEE model

ORCHIDEE needs several forcing data in order to run correctly. The number of requested data is dependant of the configuration used.

In On-Line mode, the data needed are related to soil texture and color. If the vegetation is prescribed, ORCHIDEE needs in addition a vegetation information defining the fraction of each PFT per gridcell. Vegetation types gathered in these vegetation maps can be either PFT or Holson categories.

In Off-Line mode, ORCHIDEE is forced by weather data based on observations or climate model reanalysis. Last, depending of the options activated within a run of ORCHIDEE, additional maps might be used for irrigation, slope for routing scheme, ...

This document Description_Forcing_Files.pdf​ provides detail of how forcing files need to be prepared. It addresses in particular the issues one may face when the fluxes are averaged and scalar variables instantaneous. The driver needs to take this into account else the diurnal cycle needs to be misplaced. Some data providers have different convention for representing averaged fluxes and this type of details matter.

1. Weather data

These forcing files are stored in the shared accounts in IGCM/BC/OOL/OL2 directory. The shared accounts are found :

• At TGCC: /ccc/work/cont003/dsm/p86ipsl/IGCM
• At IDRIS:
  • On the ada machine: /workgpfs/rech/psl/rpsl035/IGCM
  • On the ergon machine: /u/rech/psl/rpsl035/IGCM
• LSCE, obelix : /home/orchideeshare/igcmg/IGCM
• IPSL (ciclad) /prodigfs/ipslfs/igcmg/IGCM
• At DODS : ​​http://dods.ipsl.jussieu.fr/igcmg/IGCM

1.1 CRU

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
forceYYYY.nc		-180:180; -90:90	720x360	1901	2002	103	monthly		oct 2004		10.7 GB
forceYYYY_YYYY.nc		-180:180; -90:90	720x360	1901_1909	1994_2002	7	monthly		oct 2004

1.2 CRU-NCEP

There are several versions of CRU-NCEP. The latest version containing bug corrections is the v5.3.2.

• v5.3.2

1. halfdeg

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
cruncep_halfdeg_????.nc		-180:180; -90:90	720x360	1901	2013	113	6H		8 avril 2015		346 GB

2. onedeg

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
cruncep_onedeg_????.nc		-180:180; -90:90	360x180	1901	2013	113	6H		8 avril 2015		359 GB

3. twodeg

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
cruncep_twodeg_????.nc		-180:180; -90:90	720x360	1901	2013	113	6H		8 avril 2015		90 GB

• v5.3

1. halfdeg

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
cruncep_halfdeg_????.nc		-180:180; -90:90	720x360	1901	2013	113	6H		1 oct 2014		346 GB

2. onedeg

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
cruncep_onedeg_????.nc		-180:180; -90:90	360x180	1901	2013	113	6H		1 oct 2014		359 GB

3. twodeg

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
cruncep_twodeg_????.nc		-180:180; -90:90	720x360	1901	2013	113	6H		1 oct 2014		90 GB

• v5.2

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
cruncep_????.nc		-180:180; -90:90	720x360	1901	2012	112	6H		25 sept 2013		343 GB

• v5.2_2x2deg

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
cruncep_????_2x2.nc		-180:180; -90:90	180x90	1901	2012	112	6H		25 sept 2013		89 GB

• v2

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
cruncep_halfdeg_????.nc		-180:180; -90:90	720x360	1901	2010	110	6H		5 juin 2013		362 GB
cruncep_halfdeg_????_noleap.nc		-180:180; -90:90	720x360	1904	2008	27	6H		5 juin 2013		89 GB
cruncep_halfdeg_????_leap.nc		-180:180; -90:90	720x360	1904	2008	27	6H		5 juin 2013		89 GB

Default is to use the noleap files (through symbolic links).

1.3 ERA_New_Global

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
ERA_Global_????.nc		-180:180; -90:90	512x256	1979	2012	34	3H		22 juin 2013		437 GB

1.4 FLUXNET

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
IdSite_Fyear-Lyear.nc	eg. FR-LBr_1996-2006.nc	/	in-situ	site-specific			30minutes	​http://dods.ipsl.jussieu.fr/igcmg/IGCM/BC/OOL/OL2/FLUXNET/README.pdf		​http://www.earth-syst-sci-data-discuss.net/8/23/2015/essdd-8-23-2015.html	4Mo per year

The data have been prepared for all sites of the Free Access Fluxnet database (​http://www.fluxdata.org/DataInfo) as available in August, 2012 (~150 sites).

1.5 ISLSCP

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
islscp_for_1987.nc		-180:180; -90:90	360x179	1987	1987	1	6H		28 jun 2005		1.1 GB

1.6 ISLSCP2

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
islscp_for_????.nc		-180:180; -90:90	360x179	1982	1995	14	3H (6H for 1982)		28 jun 2005		19 GB

1.7 NCC

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
ncc_for_????.nc		-180:180; -90:90	360x180	1948	2000	52	6H	​info	sept 2005	​ref	37 GB

1.8 NLDAS

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
orchidee_NLDAS_forcing_??????.nc		-67:-24; 25:52	464x224	199701	200212	6	1H		mai 2008	197 GB

1.9 WFD3/annual

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
WFD_????.nc		-180:180; -90:90	720x360	1958	2001	44	3H		april 2010		300 GB

1.10 WFDEI (WFDEI_GPCC/v1/noleap)

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
WFDEI_GPCC_????.nc		-180:180; -90:90	720x300	1979	2009	31	3H		3 juin 2013		182 GB

1.11 WFDEI_GPCC/v2/leap

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
WFDEI_GPCC_????.nc		-180:180; -90:90	720x360	1990	2011	33	3H		26 avril 2014		265 GB

NB: Year 2011 is incomplete.

1.12 WG

Name		Spatial information		Temporal information				Web documentation			Size
Abbreviation	Full name	Coverage	Resolution	First year	Last year	Number of years	Resolution	Informations	Data download	References	GB
WG_??.nc		-180:180; -90:90	320x160	79	93	15	1M		may 2007	20 MB
WG_CRU.nc (noleap)		-180:180; -90:90	720x360			1	1M		may 2007	37 GB

1.10 Scripts examples

• FORTRAN 90 script to create a land points only forcing file (use of the compress attribute) mk_grid.f90​

2. Vegetation information

ORCHIDEE model can read vegetation map based on Olson categories or on PFT categories. When a PFT map is used as an input, the parameter land_use in the .def file should be set to TRUE, else to FALSE.

2.1 Olson map

A map at 5km resolution with the dominant Olson class has been generated by Nicolas Viovy based on a 1km IGBP map. The map is available on the common repository of ORCHIDEE forcing files on CCRT, IDRIS and other platforms. It is also available ​here. This map contains 94 land categories. The conversion from Olson to PFT categories is done within the code of ORCHIDEE. Up to the version 1.9.5.2, there was a bug when converting Olson category 79 (warm C4 woody savanna). It was distributed into tropical broad-leaved raingreen (40%) and C3 grass (40%) while it should have been tropical broad-leaved raingreen (40%) and C4 grass (40%). This bug has been fixed in the version 1.9.6.

2.2 PFT maps

2.2.1 Based on Olson

Static maps

A Python script have been developed by Martial Mancip in order to convert 'offline' Olson-based map to PFT-based map. For this purpose, an Olson map has been generated at a 0.5 deg resolution, in which fractions of Olson categories are defined for each cell (and not only the dominant category). The 0.5° Olson map is available ​here. The PFT map generated by this script is available ​????.

Dynamic maps

The PFT map based on Olson categories has been combined with some historical trends and future projections datasets of Land-Use changes. This work has been carried out by Nathalie de Noblet within the frame of the AR5 IPCC exercise. The historical dataset is the HYDE 3.0 dataset (Klein Goldewijk) and the future projections are delivered by the four Integrated assessments models for the four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP): MESSAGE (RCP 8.5), AIM (RCP 6), MiniCAM (RCP 4.5), IMAGE (RCP 3.0). A report and a presentation on the methodology developped have been written by Nathalie. Both documents are availabe [

2.2.2 Maps based on recent Satellite Land Cover products

In a recent paper (see reference below) B. Poulter has proposed a method to convert satellite land cover products (GLC2000, Globcover, MODIS) into PFT maps, using Köppen-Geiger bioclimatic zones.

14. Macbean and B. Poulter have updated the cross-walking approach based on discussions with the Globcover team in July 2012 at UCL.
    

The new land cover CCI should be available at end of 2012 for use with ORCHIDEE.

2. Poulter has developed tools to do conversions at any spatial resolution. N. Macbean has equivalent tools in python. Please contact them directly to know more about this. The objective is to have these tools available later for everybody under the TOOLS directory.
   

Poulter, B., Ciais, P., Hodson, E., Lischke, H., Maignan, F., Plummer, S. & Zimmerman, N. E. (2011). Plant functional type mapping for earth system models. Geoscientific Model Development, 4, 993–1010, doi:10.5194/gmd-4-993-2011

2.2.3 Global Land Use modeling data formatted for ORCHIDEE

2.2.4 Future projections based on RCP's

3. Soil texture and color data

4. Irrigation

5. Slope